MAD Question and Answers….

1. What is OHA?
Ans:
1. Open Handset Alliance (OHA)
2. It is formed on 10 October 2007.
3. Created for purpose of developing open mobile device standards.
4. It has approx. 84 member companies, including HTC, Dell, Intel,
Motorola, and Google
5. Its main product is Android Platform
6. OHA members are primarily mobile operators, handset manufacturers,
software development firms, semiconductor companies and
commercialization companies.
7. Members share a commitment to expanding the commercial viability of
open platform development.

2. Feature of Android? (Enlist for 4 marks) (explain for 8 marks)

Ans:

Sr.No. Feature & Description

1 Beautiful UI
Android OS basic screen provides a beautiful and intuitive user interface.

Connectivity
2 GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, LTE, NFC,
and WiMAX.

Storage
3
SQLite, a lightweight relational database, is used for data storage purposes.
 Media support
4 H.263, H.264, MPEG-4 SP, AMR, AMR-WB, AAC, HE-AAC, AAC 5.1,
MP3, MIDI, Ogg Orbis, WAV, JPEG, PNG, GIF, and BMP.

Messaging
5
SMS and MMS

Web browser
6 Based on the open-source Web Kit layout engine, coupled with Chrome's
V8 JavaScript engine supporting HTML5 and CSS3.

Multi-touch
7 Android has native support for multi-touch which was initially made
available in handsets such as the HTC Hero.

Multi-tasking
8 User can jump from one task to another and same time various application
can run simultaneously.
 3. Draw and Explain Android Architecture (Draw for 2 marks, for 4/8
marks explain)

Application
Home Contact Phone Browsing

Application Framework
Activity Manager Window Manager Content Provider View System

Package Telephony Resource Location Notification Manager

manager Manager Manager Manager

Libraries Android Runtime

Surface Manager Media Framework SQLite
Core Library

OpenGL | SL Free Type WebKit Dalvik Virtual Machine

SGL SSL Libc

Linux Kernel
Display Driver Camera Driver Flash Memory Driver Binder Driver

Keypad Driver WIFI Driver Audio Driver Power Management

− Android architecture contains different components which supports any

android device need.
− It contains open-source Linux Kernel which contains collection of number of
C/C++ libraries
− This Kernel Provides DVM to all android device to provide platform for
running android applications
− Following are main components of android architecture:
o Application: (Top Level of Architecture)
o Application framework: (Contain important classes to create android
application)
o Libraries: (includes libraries contains C/C++ core libraries and java-
based libraries)
 o Android Runtime: (contains DVM helps to run and create multiple
instances of applications)
o Linux Kernel: (Heart of Android Architecture. It manages all available
drivers which required during runtime)

4. Difference Between android and Windows.

Android OS Windows OS

Developed and owned by Google Developed and Owned by Windows

LLC. Incorporation

Launch in 2008 Launch in 1985

Current Stable version Android 11 Current Stable version Windows 11

Kernel is Linux Based Kernel is hybrid with Modules here

It doesn’t charge for any version. It charges for its original version

Most used Operating System in

Most used Operating System overall
personal Computers

Specially designed for Mobile Specially designed for PC of all

Devices Companies

It is for workstation, personal

Its target device is smartphones, and
computer, media centre, tablets, and
tablet computer.
embedded system
 5. Tools and Software required for developing android application.
Ans:
1. Windows 7/8/10(64 bit)
2. 4 GB RAM minimum, 8 GB RAM recommended
3. 2 GB available space on disk, 4 GB recommended.
4. 1280 x 800 recommended screen resolution.
5. Java 7 JDK.
6. Gradle or Apache ANT.
7. Android studio/ IntelliJ Idea/ Eclipse IDE and Android SDK.

6. Difference between JVM and DVM.

Ans:

DVM (Dalvik Virtual

JVM (Java Virtual Machine)
Machine)

Stack Based Virtual Machine Register Based Virtual Machine

It first converts all source code file

Java source code first convert into into bytecode(.class) then it converts
bytecode(.class) then convert into all bytecode file into Dalvik bytecode
machine code (classes.dex) then it creates an .apk
file
More information required for Data Instruction size is larger as it need to
Loading and Manipulating, as well as encode source code and use
methods loading. designation register.

Executable file for the device is .jar Executable file for the devices is .apk
file file

Compiled bytecode size is compact. Compiled bytecode size is larger

 Support multiple operating systems Supports android operating system.

7. Explain DVM with Diagram (for 4 marks only explain. For 8

marks draw Diagram).
Ans:
1. DVM is a Dalvik Virtual Machine
2. It is used in android programming to create .apk file from given source
code.
3. DVM is a Register based Virtual Machine.
4. That’s why its instructions size is larger as compare to JVM.
5. It can compiled all source code files and convert it into bytecode (.class)
file as like JVM.
6. Then DEX Converter (dx tool) convert bytecode in to Dalvik bytecode
(classes.dex)
7. Then this file is use to create .apk file
8. It only works with Android Operating System.
 8. Define Emulator.
Ans:

1. The Android emulator is an Android Virtual Device (AVD)

2. which represents a specific Android device.
3. We can use the Android emulator as a target device to execute and test our
Android application on our PC.
4. The Android emulator provides almost all the functionality of a real device.
We can get the incoming phone calls and text messages.
5. It also gives the location of the device and simulates different network
speeds.
6. Android emulator simulates rotation and other hardware sensors. It
accesses the Google Play store, and much more

9. Explain ADT.
Ans:
1. It’s a plugin for Eclipse IDE that is designed to give you powerful,
integrated environment in which to build Android Application.

10. Explain AVD (steps for 4 marks).

Ans:
1. AVD stands for Android Virtual Device.
2. It’s a configuration that defines the characteristics of an android phone,
tablet, Wear OS, Android TV, Automotive OS device that you want to
simulate in android emulator.
3. Steps:
a. Click on No device option. From the ribbon.
b. Then clock on create device from drop down list.
c. Then click on Create Virtual Device from dialogue box.
d. Then select the device type from left panel then select android OS
version on that device.
e. Then installation of that version starts.
f. After complete installation click on next.
g. Then set our device’s name, orientation and some other settings then
click finish.
h. Then our virtual device AVD had created successfully.
i. The name of our AVD then displayed on the place of NO DEVICE.
 11. Explain ADT Plugins.
Ans:
1. Download Android SDK.
2. Install Android SDK
3. Open Android SDK Manager.
4. Install Android Version and Extra for SDK
5. Download and Install Eclipse.
6. Run Eclipse.
7. Add ADT Plugin Repository.
8. Install ADT Plugin.
9. Access ADT Plugin preference.
10.Setup ADT Plugin.
11.Access ADT Android Virtual Device Manager.
12.Add ADT Virtual Device.
13.Now we can program and run our first application.

12. Draw Hierarchical Directory Structure of android program

13. Write XML code for following output.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#F8F5F5"
tools:context=".MainActivity">

<TableRow
android:id="@+id/tableRow1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="69dp"
android:background="#F8F5F5"
android:textAlignment="textStart"
android:visibility="visible"
tools:visibility="visible">

<Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:text="Row1" />
</TableRow>

<TableRow
android:id="@+id/tableRow2"
android:layout_width="168dp"
android:layout_height="69dp"
android:layout_marginTop="100dp"
android:background="#EFF0F4"
android:visibility="visible"
tools:visibility="visible">

<Button
android:id="@+id/button4"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:text="Row 2 Col 1" />
</TableRow>

<TableRow
android:layout_width="229dp"
android:layout_height="69dp"
android:layout_marginStart="180dp"
android:layout_marginTop="100dp"
android:background="#FFFFFF"
android:visibility="visible"
tools:visibility="visible">

<Button
android:id="@+id/button3"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:text="Row 2 Col 2" />
</TableRow>

<TableRow
android:layout_width="93dp"
android:layout_height="69dp"
android:layout_marginStart="10dp"
android:layout_marginTop="200dp"
android:background="#F9F9FA"
 android:visibility="visible"
tools:visibility="visible">

<Button
android:id="@+id/button5"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:text="Row 3 Col 2" />

</TableRow>

<TableRow
android:layout_width="93dp"
android:layout_height="69dp"
android:layout_marginStart="160dp"
android:layout_marginTop="200dp"
android:background="#F1F2F6"
android:visibility="visible"
tools:visibility="visible">

<Button
android:id="@+id/button6"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:text="Row 3 Col 2" />
</TableRow>

<TableRow
android:layout_width="93dp"
android:layout_height="69dp"
android:layout_marginStart="310dp"
android:layout_marginTop="200dp"
android:background="#EFF0F6"
android:visibility="visible"
tools:visibility="visible">

<Button
android:id="@+id/button7"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:text="Row 3 Col 3" />
</TableRow>
 <TableRow

android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="69dp"
android:layout_marginTop="300dp"
android:background="#F0F1F4"
android:visibility="visible"
tools:visibility="visible">

<Button
android:id="@+id/button8"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:text="Row 4" />
</TableRow>

</androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout>
14. Develop an Android Application to place Name, age, Mobile on
screen using Absolute Layout.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#F8F5F5"
tools:context=".MainActivity">

<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView2"
android:layout_width="129dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="30dp"
android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
android:layout_padding="40dp"
android:text="Name:"
android:textSize="35dp" />

<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView3"
android:layout_width="129dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="30dp"
android:layout_marginTop="100dp"
android:layout_padding="40dp"
android:text="Age:"
android:textSize="35dp" />

<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView4"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="30dp"
android:layout_marginTop="150dp"
android:layout_padding="40dp"
android:text="Phone No:"
android:textSize="35dp" />
 <EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextTextPersonName"
android:layout_width="200dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="200dp"
android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="textPersonName"
android:textSize="20dp"
android:text="Name" />

<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextTextPersonName2"
android:layout_width="200dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="200dp"
android:layout_marginTop="100dp"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="number"
android:textSize="20dp"
android:text="Age" />

<EditText
android:id="@+id/editTextTextPersonName3"
android:layout_width="200dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="200dp"
android:layout_marginTop="150dp"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="phone"
android:textSize="20dp"
android:text="phone No" />

</androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout>
 15. Develop App to write Hello World.
Ans:
1. Manifest file:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.tutorialspoint7.myapplication">

<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"
/>
<category
android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>

2. Java File.
package com.example.helloworld;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
}
 3. Layout file.
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >

<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:padding="@dimen/padding_medium"
android:text="@string/hello_world"
tools:context=".MainActivity" />

</RelativeLayout>

16. Enlist Different Android Layout.

Ans:
1. Linear Layout: it’s a view group that align all children in a single direction
vertically or horizontally.
2. Relative Layout: is a view group that displays child view in relative
positions.
3. Table Layout: is a view group that allows place children in row and
column.
4. Absolute Layout: enables you to specify the exact location of children.
5. Frame Layout: is a place holder on a screen that you can use to display
single view
 17. Explain any 4 UI components of Android.
Ans:

Sr.No. UI Control & Description

TextView
1
This control is used to display text to the user.

EditText
2 EditText is a predefined subclass of TextView that includes rich
editing capabilities.

AutoCompleteTextView
3 The AutoCompleteTextView is a view that is similar to EditText,
except that it shows a list of completion suggestions automatically
while the user is typing.

Button
4 A push-button that can be pressed, or clicked, by the user to perform
an action.

ImageButton
5 An ImageButton is an AbsoluteLayout which enables you to specify
the exact location of its children. This shows a button with an image
(instead of text) that can be pressed or clicked by the user.

CheckBox
6 An on/off switch that can be toggled by the user. You should use
check box when presenting users with a group of selectable options
that are not mutually exclusive.
 ToggleButton
7
An on/off button with a light indicator.

RadioButton
8
The RadioButton has two states: either checked or unchecked.

RadioGroup
9
A RadioGroup is used to group together one or more RadioButtons.

ProgressBar
10 The ProgressBar view provides visual feedback about some ongoing
tasks, such as when you are performing a task in the background.

Spinner
11
A drop-down list that allows users to select one value from a set.

TimePicker
12 The TimePicker view enables users to select a time of the day, in
either 24-hour mode or AM/PM mode.

DatePicker
13
The DatePicker view enables users to select a date of the day.