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Geometry 4th Quarter

The document defines key terms related to circles such as radius, diameter, chord, tangent, and arc. It describes properties of circles like two circles intersecting in two points, one point, or no points. Theorems about radii, chords, and angles formed with circles are also outlined.

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VANI 12076
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32 views3 pages

Geometry 4th Quarter

The document defines key terms related to circles such as radius, diameter, chord, tangent, and arc. It describes properties of circles like two circles intersecting in two points, one point, or no points. Theorems about radii, chords, and angles formed with circles are also outlined.

Uploaded by

VANI 12076
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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circle

- a set of all points on a plane


- all points are equidistant
- named by the center

others
chord - line that connects two points
diameter - line that passes through the center (longest chord)
radius - segment joining the center to a point on the circumference
-- congruent circles have congruent radii
tangent - line that intersects the circle at exactly one point
secant - line that intersects the circle at two points
arc - portion of the circumference of a circle
-- semicircle: half of the circle (180 degrees)
-- minor arc: less than semicircle (less than 90 degrees)
-- major arc: greater than a semicircle (more than 180 degrees)

two circles can intersect in two points, one point, or no points


- coplanar circles that intersect in one point are tangent circles
- coplanar circles that have the same center are called concentric circles

common tangent
- tangent to two coplanar circles
-- common internal tangent -- center intersects
-- common external tangent -- have no intersection

theorems on radii and chords


the endpoints of a chord are also the endpoints of an arc

theorems
1. same circle or in congruent circles
-- equal arcs have equal chords
-- equal chords have equal arcs
2. same circle or in congruent circles
-- equal chords are equidistant from the center
-- chords that are equidistant from the center are congruent

3. in a circle if radii (diameter) is perpendicular to a chord then it bisects the chord and its arc

tangents
theorems
1. if a line is tangent to a circle then it is perpendicular to the radius drawn or the point of
tangency.

2. if two tangent segments are drawn to a circle from the some eternal points, the distance from
the common point to the point of tangency are equal

arcs, central angles, and inscribed angles

central angle
- an angle where the vertex is the center of the circle and the arc is the radii of the circle.
- the degree measure of the central angle is equal to the degree measure of the intercepted arc

insribed angle
- an angle whose vertax lies on the circle and whose sides are chords of the circle
- the degree measure is half the measure of its intercepted arc
- a polygon is said to be insribed in a circle of all its vertices lie on the circle
-- the opposite angle of an inscribed quadrilateral are supplementary

angles formed by chords, secants, and tangents

the vertex if each angle is inside the circle


- the measure of the angle formed is one-half the sum of the measure of the arcs intercepted by
the angle and its vertical angle
the vertex of each of the following angles is on the circle
- the measure of the angle formed is one-half the measure of its intercepted arc

the vertex of each of the following angles is outside the circle


- the measure of the angle is one-half of the positive difference of the measures of the arcs

power theorem

intersecting chords theorem (chords-chords power theorem)


- chord intersection is inside the circle
- the product of lengths of the segments of one chord is equal to the other chord

secant segments theorem (secant-secant power theorem)


- segments are drawn to the circle at an external point
- the product of the lengths of one secant segment and its external part is equal to the other

tangent- secant segment theorem (tangent-secant power theorem)


- secant and tangent are drawn to a circle at an external point
- the product of the secant and external point it equal to the tangent segment

two-tangent theorem
- tangent segments are drawn to the circle at an external point
- the distance from the common point to the points of tangency are equal

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