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The document discusses several thermodynamic concepts including Hess's law, bond energy, entropy, enthalpy of formation, enthalpy of combustion, free energy, and the Born-Haber cycle. Hess's law states that the heat of reaction depends only on the initial and final states, not the pathway. Bond energy is the energy required to break bonds in a molecule. Entropy measures unavailable energy in a system. Enthalpy of formation and combustion relate to the heat of specific chemical reactions.

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Ayu Suwarni
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73 views1 page

Mind Map 10

The document discusses several thermodynamic concepts including Hess's law, bond energy, entropy, enthalpy of formation, enthalpy of combustion, free energy, and the Born-Haber cycle. Hess's law states that the heat of reaction depends only on the initial and final states, not the pathway. Bond energy is the energy required to break bonds in a molecule. Entropy measures unavailable energy in a system. Enthalpy of formation and combustion relate to the heat of specific chemical reactions.

Uploaded by

Ayu Suwarni
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHEMICAL ENERGETICS

Hess Law Bond Energy is the ENTROPY is a thermodynamic quantity that


change in enthalpy measures the energy in a system per unit of
needed to break temperature that cannot be used to do business. In a
Hess's Law is a law in certain bonds in a heat-isolated system, entropy only goes in one
physical chemistry for Hess's mole of a gas direction (not a reversible process).
expansion in the Hess cycle. molecule.
This law is used to predict the
change in enthalpy from the
ΔH = Σ bond energy broken - Σ bond energy formed
law of conservation of energy
(expressed as a function of the ΔH = Σ left side bond energy - Σ right side bond energy
state of ΔH).
The Enthalpy Of Free Energy is the maximum amount of energy
Formation (ΔHf) of a released in a process that occurs at a constant
The following is the sound
compound is the ΔH temperature and free pressure. Free energy is
of hess's law:
reaction of the formation of symbolized by ∆G. At fixed temperatures and
The amount of heat needed or one mole of the compound pressures chemical reactions will take place
released in a chemical directly from its elements, at spontaneously in the direction of lower free energy
reaction does not depend on normal temperature and changes until they finally reach a state of
the course of the reaction but pressure (25 C and 1 atm equilibrium.
is determined by the initial pressure).
and final conditions.
ΔH = Σ ΔHf reaction product - Σ ΔHf reagent
= Σ ΔHf right - Σ ΔHf left

The Enthalpy Of Combustion (heat of The suitability of a reaction can


combustion) is ΔH the combustion be determined by studying
reaction of one mole of the substance thermodynamics. Therefore,
completely with the substance O2. All other thermodynamic laws are
combustion reactions are always needed, among others, which
exothermic (producing energy / heat) so are able to predict the direction
the burning enthalpy price of a of the example of a process,
substance is always negative. both chemical processes and
physical processes.

A process is said to be
spontaneous if the process takes
Born-Haber cycle on hydrochloric acid place without outside
compounds
intervention.
The Born – Haber cycle is an approach
used to analyze reaction energy. This
approach is named after two German
scientists Max Born and Fritz Haber, who
developed this approach in 1919.
Approach

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