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Lab3 - DML1 - DML2

The document discusses select statements and joins in SQL. It provides examples of simple select statements to retrieve data from tables. It also defines different types of joins including inner, outer, and cross joins and provides examples of using joins to retrieve data from multiple tables based on relationships between columns.

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16 views4 pages

Lab3 - DML1 - DML2

The document discusses select statements and joins in SQL. It provides examples of simple select statements to retrieve data from tables. It also defines different types of joins including inner, outer, and cross joins and provides examples of using joins to retrieve data from multiple tables based on relationships between columns.

Uploaded by

07dc855dbbb4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cairo University

Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence


Information Systems Department

Database I, Year 2022/ 2023


Lab - 3
DML 1 (Select Statement)
DML 2 (Joins)

Part (1) DML1 (Select Statement)

Simple Select Statements Example 1:


(using northwind database):
SELECT <Column list>
FROM <table names> ❖ Retrieve all information of all products
[WHERE <Condition>]
SELECT *
FROM [dbo].[products]

Example 2: Example 3:

❖ Retrieve Product id and Product name of ❖ Get all PRODUCTS where their names
all products contain the letter H

SELECT ProductID, ProductName SELECT *


FROM products FROM products
where ProductName like '%h%'

Example 4:
(Using DISTINCT Keyword)

❖ Get all unique CATOGRIES of the products

SELECT DISTINCT CategoryID


FROM [dbo].[products]

❖ Get all PRODCUTS where their Category is either 1 or 2

SELECT *
FROM [dbo].[products]
WHERE categoryid=1 or categoryid= 2
Another way:
SELECT *
FROM [dbo].[products]
WHERE categoryid IN (1,2)

Part (2) DML 2 (Joins)


SQL Joins:

SQL Joins are used to fetch/retrieve data from two or more data tables, based on a join
condition. A join condition is a relationship among some columns in the data tables that
take part in SQL join. Basically, database tables are related to each other with keys. We
use this keys relationship in SQL Joins.

Types of Joins:

o Inner Join: returns only those tuples that match the join condition.
o Outer Join:
• Left outer Join: every tuple in the left table must appear in the result; if it
does not have a matching tuple; it is padded with NULL values for the
attributes of the right table.
• Right Outer Join: every tuple in the right table must appear in the result; if it
does not have a matching tuple, it is padded with NULL values for the
attributes of the left table.
• FULL Outer Join: Keeps all tuples in both the left and the right relations when
no matching tuples are found, padding them with NULL values as needed.
o Cross Join: Specifies the CARTESIAN PRODUCT operation, it generates all possible
tuple combinations.

Join Examples( Using Northwind DB):

Example 1:

Get the names, prices and names of companies that supply these products.

SELECT Products.ProductName,Products.UnitPrice,Suppliers.CompanyName
FROM Products inner join Suppliers
On Products.SupplierID = Suppliers.SupplierID
--OR
SELECT Products.ProductName,Products.UnitPrice,Suppliers.CompanyName
FROM Products, Suppliers
WHERE Products.SupplierID = Suppliers.SupplierID

Example 2:

Get the names of products categories and the name of the company that supply these
categories.
Select Categories.CategoryName,Suppliers.CompanyName
from Categories inner join Products
on Categories.CategoryID =Products.CategoryID
inner join Suppliers
on Products.SupplierID=Suppliers.SupplierID;

--OR
SELECT Categories.CategoryName, Suppliers.CompanyName
FROM Categories, Products, Suppliers
WHERE Suppliers.SupplierID = Products.SupplierID
AND Products.CategoryID = Categories.CategoryID

Example 3:

Get names of all the customers and if they place any orders show their order date.

SELECT Customers.CompanyName, Orders.OrderDate


FROM Orders RIGHT OUTER JOIN Customers
ON Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID

OR

SELECT Customers.CompanyName, Orders.OrderDate


FROM Customers LEFT OUTER JOIN Orders
ON Customers.CustomerID=Orders.CustomerID

Example 4:

Get names of all products and all categories ,showing which products belong to which
categories if any:

SELECT Products.ProductName, Categories.CategoryName


FROM Products FULL OUTER JOIN Categories
ON Products.CategoryID =Categories.CategoryID

Note: you need to insert a new Category and a new product to be able to know the changes
at the results

• INSERT INTO Categories (CategoryName) Values('New Category')


• INSERT INTO Products (ProductName,Discontinued) Values ('New Product',0)

Example 5:

Get all combinations of Products and Suppliers ,Mentioning the names of products and
the suppliers.

Select Products.ProductName,Suppliers.CompanyName
from Products CROSS JOIN Suppliers

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