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Blood Film

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16 views15 pages

Blood Film

Uploaded by

inciy093
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The morphology of blood cells

Prepared by Dr. Huda Mawlood Taher


Composition of the blood

• The circulating blood is composed of


plasma , cells and platelets.
• The cells are red cells (or erythrocytes),
white cells (or leucocytes) .
• Blood cells can be identified in blood films
stained with a mixture of basic and acidic
dyes.
White blood cells
• White blood cells are divided into granulocytes and Non
granulocytes cells.
• There are three types of granulocyte named according to their
staining characteristics in blood films, They are
neutrophils,eosinophils and basophils.
• Non granulocytes are divided into lymphocytes and monocytes.
Neutrophils

• are the commonest type of


white blood cells found in
blood smear, they make up
60-70% of total amount of
white blood cells .They are
involved in the defense
against infections.
Eosinophil
• Are easily recognized in
stained smears with
their large, red-orange
granules. Generally low
in number (1-3%), they
most often increase in
number in individuals
with allergic and
parasitic infections.
Basophil
• Have lots dark blue
granules .
• Are the least often seen
type of WBC (1%).
• Basophils contain
anticoagulant heparin
which prevents blood
from clotting too quickly.
also contain histamine,
which promotes blood
flow to tissues.
Lymphocyte
• Lymphocytes are the
smallest WBCs.
• A small amount of
cytoplasm and often a
smooth, round
nucleus.
• Are the second most
common white blood
cells(20-50%).
Monocyte
• Monocytes are the largest
type of WBCs.
• They have a large placed
nucleus, which is kidney bean
shaped.
• The cytoplasm is abundant,
sky blue in colour.
• They can ingest particles such
as cellular debris, bacteria, or
other insoluble particles .
Red blood cells(erythrocytes)
• Red blood cells are
transporting oxygen from
the lungs to all other parts
of the body and returning
carbon dioxide to the
lungs .
• They are biconcave discs.
Platelets(thrombocytes)
• Platelets are also
apparent between the
red cells containing
small purple staining
granules.
• Platelets play a major
role in blood clotting.
Blood film
Blood film :- is a thick or thin layer of blood smeared on a glass
microscope slide and then stained in such a way as to allow the
various blood cells to be examined microscopically.
Blood film smear two types:-
A- Thick Blood Smear
B- Thin Blood Smear
A- Thick Blood Smear
 Thick blood smears are most useful for detecting the parasite is
causing the infection
 For a thick blood film:-
1-Placing a drop of the blood on a glass slide
2- Then spread the blood with the corner of another slide to make a
square or a circular patch of moderate thickness (it should be
possible to read through it).
3-Dry the slide, Thick films should not be fixed (to allow haemolysis)!
4- After that stained the slide with Romanowsky stain(Leishman
stain) this stain is a mix of both acidic and basic dyes that are used to
distinguish cellular components.
5-Viewed under a microscope using magnification up to 1000x.
Thick blood smear
B- Thin Blood Smear
 Thin blood smears helps to counted and differentiated cell
 For a thin blood film:-
• 1-Thin Blood films are made by placing a drop of blood on one end of a
slide, and using a spreader slide to disperse the blood over the slide's
length. The aim is to get a region, called a monolayer.
• 2-Then slide is left to air dry, after which the blood is fixed to the slide by
immersing it briefly with methanol (The fixative is essential for good
staining and presentation of cellular detail).
• 3-After fixation, the slide is stained with Romanowsky stain (Leishman
stain) to distinguish the cells from each other.
• 4-Viewed under a microscope using magnification up to 1000x. Individual
cells are examined and their morphology is characterized and recorded

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