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Class Notes 7th Grade Math

The document provides an introduction to various mathematical topics including integers, operations, fractions, ratios, geometry, algebraic expressions, equations, and statistics. It defines key terms and concepts for each topic over 8 sections.

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mimoserniabat
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15 views2 pages

Class Notes 7th Grade Math

The document provides an introduction to various mathematical topics including integers, operations, fractions, ratios, geometry, algebraic expressions, equations, and statistics. It defines key terms and concepts for each topic over 8 sections.

Uploaded by

mimoserniabat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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**1.

Introduction to Integers:**
- Integers are whole numbers, including positive numbers, negative numbers, and zero.
- Positive integers are numbers greater than zero, while negative integers are numbers less
than zero.
- Zero is neither positive nor negative.
- Integers are represented on a number line, with positive numbers to the right of zero and
negative numbers to the left.

**2. Operations with Integers:**


- Addition: Adding two positive integers results in a positive sum, and adding two negative
integers results in a negative sum. When adding integers with different signs, subtract their
absolute values and use the sign of the number with the greater absolute value.
- Subtraction: Subtracting a negative integer is equivalent to adding its absolute value.
Subtracting a positive integer is the same as adding its negative value.
- Multiplication: The product of two integers with the same sign is positive, while the product of
two integers with different signs is negative.
- Division: Dividing a positive integer by a positive integer yields a positive quotient, while
dividing a negative integer by a positive integer results in a negative quotient. Dividing a positive
integer by a negative integer produces a negative quotient, and dividing a negative integer by a
negative integer yields a positive quotient.

**3. Fractions and Decimals:**


- Fractions represent parts of a whole and consist of a numerator (top number) and a
denominator (bottom number).
- Decimals are a way to represent fractions with powers of ten as denominators.
- Converting fractions to decimals involves dividing the numerator by the denominator.
- Converting decimals to fractions involves writing the decimal as a fraction with the
appropriate denominator.

**4. Ratios and Proportions:**


- Ratios compare two quantities and can be written in three forms: fraction, colon, or word.
- Proportions are equations that state two ratios are equal.
- Solving proportions involves cross-multiplication and then solving for the unknown variable.

**5. Geometry:**
- Basic geometric shapes include points, lines, line segments, rays, angles, and polygons.
- Angles are formed when two rays share a common endpoint (vertex).
- Types of angles include acute (less than 90 degrees), right (exactly 90 degrees), obtuse
(more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees), and straight (exactly 180 degrees).
- Polygons are closed shapes with straight sides. Common polygons include triangles,
quadrilaterals, pentagons, hexagons, and octagons.

**6. Algebraic Expressions:**


- Algebraic expressions contain variables, constants, and mathematical operations such as
addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
- Evaluating algebraic expressions involves substituting values for variables and simplifying
using the order of operations (PEMDAS: Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication and Division from
left to right, Addition and Subtraction from left to right).

**7. Solving Equations:**


- An equation is a statement that two expressions are equal.
- Solving equations involves isolating the variable by performing inverse operations (opposite
operations) to both sides of the equation until the variable is alone on one side.
- Equations may have one solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions.

**8. Data and Statistics:**


- Data refers to information collected for analysis.
- Measures of central tendency include mean, median, and mode, which represent typical or
central values in a data set.
- Measures of dispersion, such as range and interquartile range, quantify the spread or
variability of data.
- Graphical representations of data include histograms, bar graphs, line graphs, and circle
graphs (pie charts).

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Feel free to adapt and expand upon these notes as needed for your classroom instruction!

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