Chap 15 Probability Page 477

CHAPTER 15

Probability

ONE MARK QUESTION 3. If an event cannot occur, then its probability is

(a) 1 (b) 3
4

Multiple Choice Question (c) 1 (d) 0

2


Ans :
1. The probability that a number selected at random The event which cannot occur is said to be impossible
from the numbers 1, 2, 3, ......, 15 is a multiple of 4 is event and probability of impossible event is zero.
(a) 4 (b) 2 Thus (d) is correct option.
15 15
4. Which of the following cannot be the probability of an
(c) 1 (d) 1
15 5 event?


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Basic]
(a) 1 (b) 0.1
3
Total possible outcome, n (S) = 15
Number of multiples of 4 between 1 to 15 are 4, 8, 12 (c) 3% (d) 17
16
i.e. 3 favourable outcome.

Ans :
n (E) = 3 Probability of an event always lies between 0 and 1.
n (E) Thus (d) is correct option.
Required Probability, P (E) =
n (S) 5. An event is very unlikely to happen. Its probability is
= 3 =1 closest to
15 5
(a) 0.0001 (b) 0.001
Thus (d) is correct option.
(c) 0.01 (d) 0.1
2. Two coins are tossed simultaneously. The probability

Ans :
of getting at most one head is
The probability of an event which is very unlikely to
(a) 1 (b) 1 happen is closest to zero and from the given options
4 2
0.0001 is closest to zero.
(c) 2 (d) 3 Thus (a) is correct option.
3 4


Ans : [Board 2020 OD Basic] 6. If the probability of an event is p , then the probability
of its complementary event will be
All possible outcomes are {HH, HT, TH, TT}.
(a) p - 1 (b) p
Thus n (S) = 4
(c) 1 - p (d) 1 - 1
Favourable outcomes are {HT, TH, TT}. p


Ans :
n (E) = 3
Since,
Probability of getting at most one head,
P (E) + P (E ) = 1
n (E)
P (E) = =3 P (E) = 1 − P (E )
n (S) 4
= 1−p
Thus (d) is correct option.
Thus (c) is correct option.
Page 478 Probability Chap 15

7. The probability expressed as a percentage of a In a deck of 52 cards, there are 13 cards of heart and
particular occurrence can never be 1 is ace of heart.
(a) less than 100 Hence, the number of outcomes favourable
(b) less than 0 n (E) = 52 − 1 = 51
(c) greater than 1 Thus (d) is correct option.
(d) anything but a whole number
11. When a die is thrown, the probability of getting an


Ans : odd number less than 3 is
We know that the probability expressed as a (a) 1 (b) 1
6 3
percentage always lie between 0 and 100. So,
it cannot be less than 0. (c) 1 (d) 0
2
Thus (b) is correct option.


Ans :
Odd number less than 3 is 1 only.
n (S) = 6
n (E) = 1

The P ^Ah denotes the probability of an event A, then

So, probability of getting an odd number less than 3,
8.
n (E)
(a) P ^Ah < 0 (b) P ^Ah > 1 P (E) = =1
n (S) 6
(c) 0 # P ^Ah # 1 (d) - 1 # P ^Ah # 1 Thus (a) is correct option.


Ans :
12. The probability of getting a bad egg in a lot of 400 is
Probability of an event always lies between 0.035. The number of bad eggs in the lot is
0 and 1. (a) 7 (b) 14
Thus (c) is correct option. (c) 21 (d) 28
9. If a card is selected from a deck of 52 cards, then the

Ans :
probability of its being a red face card is
We have n (S) = 400
(a) 3 (b) 3
26 13
n (E) = x
(c) 2 (d) 1 n (E)
13 2


Ans : P (E) =
n (S)
In a deck of 52 cards, there are 12 face cards i.e., 6 red x
0.035 = 400
and 6 black cards.
n (S) = 52 x = 0.035 # 400 = 14
n (E) = 6 Thus (b) is correct option.
So, probability of getting a red face card, 13. A girl calculates that the probability of her winning
n (E) the first prize in a lottery is 0.08. If 6000 tickets are
P (E) = = 6 = 3 sold, then how many tickets has she bought?
n (S) 52 26
(a) 40 (b) 240
Thus (a) is correct option.
(c) 480 (d) 750
10. A card is drawn from a deck of 52 cards. The event


Ans :
E is that card is not an ace of hearts. The number of
outcomes favourable to E is Total number of sold tickets are 6000. Let she bought
(a) 4 (b) 13 x tickets.
(c) 48 (d) 51 Now n (S) = 6000


Ans : n (E) = x
Chap 15 Probability Page 479

n (E) n (E) = 2
P (E) =
n (S)
Required probability,
x
0.08 = 6000 n (E)
P (E) = =4=2
n (S) 6 3
x = 0.08 # 6000 = 480
Thus (d) is correct option.
Hence, she bought 480 tickets.
Thus (c) is correct option.

14. One ticket is drawn at random from a bag containing

tickets numbered 1 to 40. The probability that the
selected ticket has a number which is a multiple of 5 is
(a) 1 (b) 3 17. Out of one digit prime numbers, one number is
5 5
selected at random. The probability of selecting an
(c) 4 (d) 1 even number is
5 3 1 1


Ans : (a) 3 (b) 4

Multiples of 5 are 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 thus 3 2

(c) 4 (d) 3
8 outcome.


Ans :
n (S) = 40
One digit prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7. Out of these
n (E) = 8 numbers, only the number 2 is even.
n (E) n (S) = 4
P (E) = = 8 =1
n (S) 40 5
n (E) = 1
Thus (a) is correct option.
Required probability,
15. Someone is asked to take a number from 1 to 100. The
n (E)
probability that it is a prime, is P (E) = =1
8 1 n (S) 4
(a) 25 (b) 4
Thus (b) is correct option.
3 13
(c) 4 (d) 50 18. A bag contains 3 red and 2 blue marbles. If a marble


Ans : is drawn at random, then the probability of drawing
a blue marble is:
Prime numbers between 1 to 100 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13,
2 1
17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, (a) 5 (b) 4
79, 83, 89 and 97, i.e 25 outcome.
3 2
(c) 5 (d) 3
n (S) = 100


Ans :
n (E) = 25
There are 5 marbles in the bag. Out of these 5 marbles
n (E)
P (E) = = 25 = 1 one can be choose in 5 ways. Since, the bag contains
n (S) 100 4 2 blue marbles. Therefore, one blue marble can be
Thus (c) is correct option. drawn in 2 ways.
n (S) = 5
16. The probability of getting a number greater then 3 in
n (E) = 2
throwing a die is
1 1 Required probability,
(a) 3 (b) 4
n (E)
(c) 4
3 2
(d) 3 P (E) = =2
n (S) 5


Ans : Thus (b) is correct option.
n (S) = 6 19. A single letter is selected at random from the word
Page 480 Probability Chap 15

PROBABILITY. The probability that the selected n (E)

P (E) = = 5
letter is a vowel is n (S) 26
(a) 2 (b) 3 Thus (c) is correct option.
11 11

(c) 4 (d) 0 22. The probability that a two digit number selected at
11 random will be a multiple of 3 and not a multiple of


Ans : 5 is
There are 11 letter in word PROBABILITY. Out of (a) 2 (b) 4
15 15
these 11 letter, 4 letter are vowels.
n (S) = 11 (c) 1 (d) 4
15 90


Ans :
n (E) = 4
24 out of the 90 two digit numbers are divisible by 3
Required probability,
and not by 5.
n (E)
P (E) = = 4 n (S) = 90
n (S) 11
n (E) = 24
Thus (c) is correct option.
Required probability,
20. A fair die is thrown once. The probability of getting a
n (E)
composite number less than 5 is P (E) = = 24 = 4
n (S) 90 15
(a) 1 (b) 1
3 6 Thus (b) is correct option.
(c) 2 (d) 0 23. If in a lottery, there are 5 prizes and 20 blanks, then
3


Ans : the probability of getting a prize is

The outcomes are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Out of these, 4 is the (a) 2 (b) 4

5 5
only composite number which is less than 5.
(c) 1 (d) 1
n (S) = 6 5


Ans :
n (E) = 1
We have n (S) = 20 + 5 = 25
Required probability,
n (E) = 5
n (E)
P (E) = =1 Required probability,
n (S) 6
n (E)
Thus (b) is correct option. P (E) = = 5 =1
n (S) 25 5
21. If a letter is chosen at random from the letter of Thus (c) is correct option.
English alphabet, then the probability that it is a
letter of the word DELHI is 24. If a number x is chosen at random from the numbers
(a) 1 (b) 1 - 2, - 1, 0, 1, 2 . Then, the probability that x2 1 2 is
5 26
(a) 2 (b) 4
5 5
(c) 5 (d) 21
26 26


Ans : (c) 1 (d) 3
5 5


Ans :
The English alphabet has 26 letters in all. The word
DELHI has 5 letter, so the number of favourable Total number of possible outcomes are 5.
outcomes is 5. We observe that x2 1 2 when x takes anyone of the
n (S) = 26 following three values - 1, 0 and 1.

n (E) = 5 We have n (S) = 5

Required probability, n (E) = 3

Required probability,
Chap 15 Probability Page 481

n (E)
P (E) = =3
n (S) 5 2x + 1 = 13 & x = 6
Thus (d) is correct option. Thus (b) is correct option.

25. Which of the following relationship is the correct?

(a) P (E ) + P (E ) = 1 (b) P (E ) − P (E ) = 1
(c) P (E ) = 1 + P (E ) (d) None of these


Ans :

P (E ) + P (E ) = 1
28. Ramesh buys a fish from a shop for his aquarium.
Thus (a) is correct option.
The shopkeeper takes out one fish at random a tank
containing 5 male fish and 9 female fish. Then, the
26. Two dice are thrown together. The probability that probability that the fish taken out is a male fish, is
sum of the two numbers will be a multiple of 4, is:
(a) 5 (b) 5
13 14
(a) 1 (b) 1
2 3
(c) 6 (d) 7
13 13
(c) 1 (d) 1
8 4

Ans :


Ans :
There are 14 = ^5 + 9h fish out of which one can be
Total number of outcomes is 36. chosen in 14 ways.
Here, all possible outcome is (1, 3), (2, 2), (2, 6), There are 5 male fish out of which one male fish can
(3, 1), (3, 5), (4, 4), (5, 3), (6, 2) and (6, 6), be chosen in 5 ways.
n (S) = 36 n (S) = 14
n (E) = 9 n (E) = 5
P (sum of two numbers will be multiple of 4) Required probability,
n (E) n (E)
P (E) = = 9 =1 P (E) = = 5
n (S) 36 4 n (S) 14
Thus (d) is correct option. Thus (b) is correct option.

27. A letter is chosen at random from the letters of the 29. A number x is selected from the numbers 1, 2, 3 and
word ASSASSINATION, then the probability that then a second number y is randomly selected from the
the letter chosen is a vowel is in the form of 6 , numbers 1, 4, 9 then the probability that the product
2x + 1 xy of the two numbers will be less than 9 is
then x is equal to
(a) 5 (b) 6
(a) 3 (b) 4
(c) 7 (d) 8 7 9


Ans : (c) 5 (d) 7
9 9
There are 13 letters in the word ASSASSINATION

Ans :
out of which one letter can be chosen in 13 ways.
Number x can be selected in three ways and
Hence, total number of outcomes are 13. There are 6
corresponding to each such way there are three ways
vowels in the word ASSISSINATION. So, there are 6
of selecting number y .
ways of selecting a vowel.
Therefore two numbers can be selected in 9 ways as
n (S) = 13 (1, 1), (1, 4), (1, 9), (2, 1), (2, 4), (2, 9), (3, 1), (3, 4),
(3, 9) So, total numbers of possible outcomes are 9.
n (E) = 6
The product xy will be less than 9, if x and y are
n (E)
P (E) = = 6 chosen in one of the following ways: (1, 1), (1, 4),
n (S) 13 (2, 1), (2, 4), (3, 1)

But given that, 6 = 6 n (S) = 9

2x + 1 13
Page 482 Probability Chap 15

n (E) = 5 equal to .......... and less than or equal to ..........

Required probability,

Ans :
n (E) 0, 1
P (E) = =5
n (S) 9
35. On a single roll of a die, the probability of
Thus (c) is correct option. getting a number less than 7 is ...........
30. There are 1000 sealed envelopes in a box. 10 of them

Ans :
contain a cash prize of < 100 each, 100 of them contain one
a cash prize of < 50 each and 200 of them contain a
cash prize of < 10 each and rest do not contain any 36. A number is chosen at random from the
cash prize. If they are well-shuffled and an envelope numbers - 5 , - 4 , - 3 , - 2 , - 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Then
is picked up out, then the probability that is contains the probability that square of this number is less than
no cash prize is or equal to 1 is .......... .
(a) 0.65 (b) 0.69

Ans : [Board 2020 SQP Standard]
(c) 0.54 (d) 0.57 Given numbers are - 5 , - 4 , - 3 , - 2 , - 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,


Ans : 5 and their squares are 25, 16, 9, 4, 1, 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25.
Total number of outcomes n (S) = 11.
Total number of envelopes in the box = 1000
Favourable outcome are - 1, 0, 1, thus number of
Number of envelopes containing cash prize
favourable outcomes is n (E) = 3 .
= 10 + 100 + 200 = 310
n (E)
Required probability, P (E) = = 3
Number of envelopes containing no cash n (S) 11
= 1000 − 310 = 690

Now n (S) = 1000

Very Short Answer Question
n (E) = 690
Required probability, 37. Find the probability of an impossible event.


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
n (E)
P (E) = = 690 = 0.69
n (S) 1000 Probability of impossible event is 0.
Thus (b) is correct option.

38. A card is drawn at random from a well

Fill in the Blank Question shuffled pack of 52 cards. Find the probability of
getting a red king.
31. The probability of an event that is certain to happen

Ans : [Board 2020 OD Basic]
is ........... Such an event is called ..........
Total no. of cards, n (S) = 52


Ans :
Number of red kings, n (E) = 2
1, sure or certain event

32. The sum of the probabilities of all the n (E)

P (a red king), P (E) = = 2 = 1
elementary events of an experiment is .......... n (S) 52 26


Ans : 39. A card drawn at random from a well shuffled deck of
1 52 playing cards. What is the probability of getting a
black king?
33. On a single roll of a die, the probability of

Ans : [Board 2020 OD Basic]
getting a number 8 is ..........


Ans : Total no. of cards, n (S) = 52

zero Number of black kings, n (E) = 2

34. The probability of an event is greater than or

Chap 15 Probability Page 483

n (E) 44. If the probability of winning a game is 115 , find the

P (black king), P (E) = = 2 = 1
n (S) 52 26 probability of losing the game.
40. A die is thrown once. What is the probability of

Ans : [Board Term-2, 2014]
getting a number less than 3? Probability of winning the game,


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Standard]
P ^E h = 5
11
There are 6 possible outcome for a die.
Probability of losing the game
n (S) = 6
P ^E h = 1 − P ^E h
Favourable outcome are 1 and 2 i.e. two
outcomes. = 1− 5 = 6

11 11
n (E) = 2 45. If E be an event such that P ^E h = 73 , what is P (not
E ) equal to?
P (number less than 3)


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2014]
n (E)
P (E) = =2 =1
n (S) 6 3 We have P ^E h = 3
7
41. If the probability of wining a game is 0.07, what is the
probability of losing it? P ^not E h = 1 − P ^E h


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Standard]
= 1−3 = 4

7 7
P (winning the game), P (E) = 0.07
46. A bag contains lemon flavoured candies only. Shalini
P (number less game), P ( E ) = 1 − P (E) takes out one candy without looking into the bag.
What is the probability that she takes out an orange
= 1 − 0.07
flavoured candy?
= 0.93

Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]

42. A die is thrown once. Find the probability of getting Bag contains only lemon flavoured candies.
“at most 2.” So, getting an orange flavoured candy is an


Ans : [Board Term-2 OD Compt 2017] impossible.

All possible outcome i.e. sample space, P (E) = 0

S = "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Number of all possible outcome,
n ^S h = 6
Favourable outcomes, 47. If a number x is chosen a random from the number
E = "1, 2, - 3 , - 2 , - 1, 0, 1, 2, 3. What is probability that
x2 # 4 ?
Number of favourable outcome,


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Standard]
n ^E h = 2
We have 7 possible outcome. Thus
n ^E h
P ^E h = =2=1
n ^S h
Thus n (S) = 7
6 3
Favourable outcomes are - 2, - 1, 0, 1, 2 i.e. 5.
43. If P ^E h = 0.20 , then what is the probability of ‘not
E ’? n (E) = 5


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012] n (E)
P (x2 # 4), P (E) = =5
P ^E h = 0.20
n (S) 7
We have
48. Out of 200 bulbs in a box, 12 bulbs are defective. One
P ^notE h = 1 − P ^E h bulb is taken out at random from the box. What is
= 1 − 0.20 = 0.80
the probability that the drawn bulb is not defective?


Ans : [Board Term-2 SQP 2016]
Page 484 Probability Chap 15

Total number of bulbs, 52. 20 tickets, on which numbers 1 to 20 are written,

n ^S h = 200
are mixed thoroughly and then a ticket is drawn at
random out of them. Find the probability that the
Number of favourable cases, number on the drawn ticket is a multiple of 3 or 7.
n ^E h = 200 − 12 = 188

Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2016]

Required probability, Total number of cases,

n ^E h
P ^E h = = 188 = 47 n (S) = 20
n ^S h 200 50
Favourable outcome,
49. A card is drawn at random from a well shuffled pack E = "3, 6, 7, 9, 12, 14, 15, 18,
of 52 cards. Find the probability of getting neither a Number of favourable cases,
red card nor a queen.
n ^E h = 8


Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2016]
Required probability,
There are 26 red cards out of total 52 cards and 2
n ^E h
black queen also. P ^E h = = 8 =2
n ^S h 20 5
Total number of cards, n (S) = 52
53. What is the probability that a non-leap year has 53
Cards which are neither red nor queen, Mondays ?

n ^E h = 52 − (26 + 2) = 24


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2015]

Required probability, There are 365 days in a non-leap year.

n ^E h 365 days = 52 weeks + 1 day

P ^E h = = 24 = 6
n ^S h 52 13 One day can be M, T, W, Th, F, S, S i.e. total 7
50. A letter of English alphabet is chosen at random. possible outcomes and only one favourable outcome.
Determine the probability that the chosen letter is a Thus n (S) = 7 and n (E) = 1
consonant.
P (53 Mondays in non-leap year)


Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2015, 2020 Delhi STD]
n ^E h
P ^E h = =1
In the English language there are 26 alphabets. n ^S h 7
Consonant are 21. The probability of chosen a
54. Two different dice are tossed together. Find the
consonant
probability that the product of the number on the top
n (S) = 26 of the dice is 6.
n (E) = 21


Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2015]
n (E) 21
P (E) = = Total number of possible outcomes,
n (S) 26
n (S) = 6 # 6 = 36
51. Cards marked with number 3, 4, 5, ..........., 50 are
placed in a box and mixed thoroughly. A card is Product of 6 are (1, 6), (2, 3), (6, 1) and (3, 2).
drawn at random from the box. Find the probability Number of favourable outcomes,
that the selected card bears a perfect square number. n ^E h = 4


Ans : [Board Term-2 2016]
Total number of chances
Total number of outcomes,
n (S) = 6 # 6 = 36
n (S) = 48 P (Product of 6)
Favourable outcomes are 4, 9, 16, 25, 36 and 49. n ^E h
P ^E h = = 4 =1
No. of favourable outcomes, n ^S h 36 9
n ^E h = 6 55. A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow which
P (perfect square number), comes to rest pointing at one of the numbers 1, 2, 3,
n ^E h
4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and these are equally likely outcomes.
P ^E h = = 6 or = 1
n ^S h
Find the probability that the arrow will point at any
48 8
Chap 15 Probability Page 485

factor of 8 ? n ^E h = 8


Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2015] P (prime no. less than 23)
n ^E h
P ^E h =
Total number of points are 8. Thus, total number of
= 8 = 4
possible outcomes n ^S h 90 45
n (S) = 8
59. From the number 3, 5, 5, 7, 7, 7, 9, 9, 9, 9, one number
Favourable outcomes are 1, 2, 4, and 8 is selected at random, what is the probability that the
No. of favourable outcomes, selected number is mean?
n ^E h = 3

Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]

P (factor of 8) Total outcomes, n (S) = 10

n ^E h
P ^E h = =2 =1 Mean,
n ^S h 8 2
M = 3 + 5 + 5 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 = 70 = 7
10 10
56. A bag contains cards numbered from 1 to 25. A card is
drawn at random from the bag. Find the probability Thus 7 is the mean of given numbers and frequency
that number is divisible by both 2 and 3. of 7 is 3 in given data.


Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2014] Number of favourable outcomes,

Since bag contains 25 cards, n ^E h = 3

n ^E h
n (S) = 25 P ^E h = = 3
n ^S h
P (mean),
10
The numbers divisible by 2 and 3 both are 6, 12, 18,
24 which are 4 numbers.
Thus n ^E h = 4
P (number divisible by 2 and 3)
n ^E h 60. A die is thrown once. Find the probability of getting
P ^E h = = 4
n ^S h 25 a prime number.


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
57. A number is selected at random from 1 to 30. Find
the probability that it is a prime number. Total outcomes, n (S) = 6


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2014] Prime numbers are 2, 3, 5.

Number of possible outcomes, n ^E h = 3

n ^E h
n (S) = 30 P (prime no.), P ^E h = =3=1
n ^S h 6 2
Prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19,
23 and 29. 61. A girl calculates the probability of her winning
the game in a match and find it 0.08. What is the
Number of favourable outcomes,n ^E h = 10 probability of her losing the game?
n ^E h

Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
P ^E h = = 10 = 1
n ^S h
P (prime ),
30 3
P (winning the game), P (E) = 0.08
58. A box contains 90 discs, numbered from 1 to 90. If one
disc is drawn at random from box, find the probability P (losing the game), P ( E ) = 1 − P (E)
that it bears a prime number less than 23.
= 1 − 0.08 = 0.92



Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]

Number of possible outcomes, 62. The probability of getting a bad egg in a lot of 400
n (S) = 90 eggs is 0.035. Find the number of bad eggs in the lot.
Prime numbers less than 23 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13,

Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]

Number of favourable outcomes Number x be number of bad eggs.

Page 486 Probability Chap 15

n (E) = x 66. Can 1.1 be probability of an event ?

Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
Total eggs, n (S) = 400
No. Since the probability of an event cannot
P (bad eggs) P (E) = 0.035
be more than 1.
n ^E h
n ^S h
P (bad eggs), P (E) =
67. A bag contains 3 red and 5 black balls. A ball is drawn
0.035 = x at random from the bag. What is the probability that
400
the drawn ball is not red ?
x = 400 # 0.035 = 14

Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2017]

Thus there are 14 bad eggs in lot. There are total 3 + 5 = 8 balls in bag. Thus total
possible outcomes,
63. In tossing a die, what is the probability of getting an
n (S) = 8

odd number or number less than 4 ?
5 black balls are not red. Thus favourable outcome


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
n ^E h = 5

Total outcome, n (S) = 6
P (drawn ball is not red),
n ^E h
Odd numbers are 1, 3, 5 and number less than 4 are 1,
2, 3. Thus there are 4 favourable outcome. P ^E h = =5
n ^S h 8
n ^E h = 4
P (an odd no. or a no. <4), 68. If three different coins are tossed together, then find
n ^E h 4
the probability of getting two heads.
P ^E h = = =2
n ^S h 6 3

Ans : [Board Term-2 OD Compt. 2017]

64. A card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of playing All possible outcomes are {HHH, THH, HTH, HHT,
cards. Find the probability of drawing a red face card. TTT, TTH, THT, HTT}.


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012] Number of possible outcomes,
n (S) = 8
Total outcomes, n (S) = 52 Number of favourable outcomes,
Red face card, n ^E h = 6 n ^E h = 3

n ^E h P (getting two heads),

P ^E h =
n ^S h n ^E h
P (red face card),
P ^E h = =3
= 6 = 3 n ^S h 8
52 26
69. A number is chosen at random from the numbers
65. Find the probability of getting a sum of 9, when two - 3, - 2, - 1, 0, 1, 2, 3 . What will be the probability
dice are thrown simultaneously. that square of this number is less than or equal to 1.


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]


Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2017]
If two dice are thrown there are 6 # 6 = 36 possible No. of all possible outcomes,
outcomes. Thus there are 4 favourable outcome (3, 6),
(6, 3), (4, 5) and (5, 4). In these case sum of both n (S) = 7
faces are 9. No. of favourable outcomes are - 1, 0, 1.
n ^E h = 3
Number of total outcomes,
n (S) = 36 Required probability,
n ^E h
Number of favourable outcomes
P ^E h = =3
n ^E h = 4 n ^S h 7
n ^E h
P ^E h = = 4 =1 70. The probability of selecting a rotten apple randomly
n ^S h 36 9
from a heap of 900 apples is 0.18. What is the number
Chap 15 Probability Page 487

of rotten apples in the heap ? x = 3#5

Ans : 5+x 5+x

Let E be the event of getting a rotten apple. Thus x = 15

Total apples, n ^S h = 900 Hence, bag contains 15 blue balls.
Probability of selecting a rotten apple,
n ^E h = 0.18
Let n ^E h be number of rotten apples,
n ^E h
P ^E h =
n ^S h
Then,
73. If a pair of dice is thrown once, then what is the
n ^E h
probability of getting a sum of 8?
0.18 =

Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Basic]
900
Number of possible outcomes,
0.18 # 900 = n ^E h
n (S) = 62 = 36
n ^E h = 162
The favourable outcomes are (sum of getting 8)
So, there are 162 rotten apples in the heap. {(2, 6), (3, 5), (4, 4), (5, 3), (6, 2)} i.e. 5 outcomes.
Number of favourable outcome,


TWO MARKS QUESTION n (E) = 5
Probability (getting sum of 8),
71. A number x is chosen from 25, 24, 23, - 2, - 1, 0, 1, n (E)
P (E) = = 5
2, 3. Find the probability that x < 3 . n (S) 36


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2015] 74. A die thrown once. What is the probability of getting
Total possible outcomes, an even prime number?


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Standard]
n (S) = 9
Favourable outcome are - 2, - 1, 0, 1, and 2. Total possible outcomes of die is 6.

Favourable outcomes n (E) = 5 n (S) = 6

Favourable outcomes is only 2 i.e. there is one possible
n (E) outcome.
P ` x < 3j = =5
n (S) 9 n (E) = 1
P (getting an even prime number),
72. A bag contains 5 red balls and some blue balls. If the
probability of drawing a blue ball at random from the n (E)
P (E) = =1
bag is three times that of a red ball, find the number n (S) 6
of blue balls in the bag. 75. Two different dice are thrown together, find the


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Basic] probability that the sum of the numbers appeared is
less than 5.
Let x be blue balls.


Ans : [Board 2020 OD Basic]
Total balls, n (S) = 5 + x
Number of possible outcomes,
n (R) = 5 and n (B) = x n (S) = 62 = 36
n ^Rh The favourable outcomes are (sum less than 5) {(1, 1),
= 5
^ h
P (red ball), P (R) =
n S 5+x (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 1), (2, 2) and (3, 1)} i.e. 6 outcomes.

n ^B h Number of favourable outcome,

= x
n ^S h
P (blue ball), P (R) =
5+x
n (E) = 6
As per question we have P (have sum less than 5)
Page 488 Probability Chap 15

n (E) n (E) = 2
P (E) = = 6 =1
n (S) 36 6
P (number less than 3),
76. In a lottery, there are 10 prizes and 25 blanks. What n (E)
is the probability of getting a prize? P (E) = =2 =1
n (S) 6 3


Ans : [Board 2020 OD Basic]
80. If a number x is chosen at random from the numbers
Total number of possible outcomes,
- 3 , - 2 , - 1. 0, 1, 2, 3, then find the probability of
n (S) = 10 + 25 = 35 x2 < 4 .
Total number of prizes,

Ans : [Board 2020 OD Standard]

n (E) = 10 Possible outcome are - 3 , - 2 , - 1. 0, 1, 2, 3 i.e 7

Probability of getting a prize, outcomes.

n (E) Thus n (S) = 7

P (E) = = 10 = 2
n (S) 35 7 Favourable outcomes are x2 < 4 i.e. =− 1, 0, 1.
77. Two different coins are tossed simultaneously, What is n (E) = 3
the probability of getting at least one head?
n (E)


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi OD Basic] P (x2 < 4), P (E) = =3
n (S) 7
All possible outcomes are {HH, HT, TH, TT}.
81. A bag contains cards with numbers written on it
Thus n (S) = 4 from 1–80. A card is pulled out at random. Find the
probability that the card shows a perfect square.
Favourable outcomes are {HT, TH, HH}.


Ans : [Board Term-2 2016]
n (E) = 3
Probability of getting at least one head, We have S = "1, 2........... 80,
Number of possible outcomes,
n (E)
=3
n ^S h = 80
P (E) =
n (S) 4

Favourable outcome are {1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64}

78. A pair of dice is thrown once. What is the probability
of getting a doublet? Number of favourable outcomes,


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Standard] n ^E h = 8
n ^E h
There are total 62 = 36 possible outcomes. Thus P ^E h = = 8 = 1
n ^S h 80 10
n (S) = 36
82. A bag contains 6 red and 5 blue balls. Find the
Favourable outcomes are (1, 1), (2, 2 ), (3, 3), (4, 4), probability that the ball drawn is not red.
(5, 5) and (6, 6).

Ans : [Board Term-2, 2014, 2015]
Number of favourable outcomes, No. of possible outcomes,
n (E) = 6 n (S) = 6 + 5 = 11
P (getting doublet), Since 5 blue balls are favourable outcome,
n (E) n ^E h = 5
P (E) = = 6 =1
n (S) 36 6 n ^E h
P ^E h = = 5
n ^S h
P (not red),
79. A die is thrown once. What is the probability of 11
getting a prime number.


Ans : [Board 2020 OD Standard] 83. There are 30 cards of the same size in a bag in which
the numbers 1 to 30 are written. One card is taken
There are 6 possible outcome for a die. out of the bag at random. Find the probability that
n (S) = 6 the number on the selected card is not divisible by 3.
Favourable outcome are 1 and 2 i.e. two outcome.

Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2014]
Chap 15 Probability Page 489

Total cards n (S) = 30 86. Harpreet tosses two different coins simultaneously.
Number divisible by 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27 What is the probability that she gets :
and 30 i.e 10 numbers. (i). at least one head ?
Number of favourable outcomes, (ii) one head and one tail ?
n ^E h = 30 − 10 = 20


Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2014]

Required probability, All possible outcomes are {HH, TT, TH, HT}
n ^E h n (S) = 4
P ^E h = = 20 = 2
n ^S h 30 3 (i) At least one head,
84. Two different dice are tossed together. Find the All favourable outcome are {HH, TH, HT}
probability : n (E1) = 3
(i) that the number on each die is even.
n (E1)
(ii) that the sum of numbers appearing on the two P (E1) = =3
n (S) 4
dice is 5.


Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2014] (ii) One head and one tail
All favourable outcome are {TH, HT}
In both case, n (S) = 36
(i) Even numbers events are (2, 2) (2, 4) (2, 6) (4, 2) n (E2) = 2
(4, 4) (4, 6) (6, 2), (6,4) and (6, 6) which are 9 event. n ^E2h
P E2 = =2=1
n (E1) = 9 nS 4 2
P (number of each die is even),
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 9 =1
n (S) 36 4
(ii) Sum of numbers is 5 in (1, 4) (2, 3) (3, 2) (4, 1)
n (E2) = 4
P (sum of numbers appearing on two dice is 5)
n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 4 =1
n ^S h 36 9

85. A letter of English alphabet is chosen at random, find

the probability that the letter so chosen is :
(i) a vowel,
(ii) a consonant.


Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2014]

Since total number in English alphabet is 26, in which

5 vowels and 21 consonants.
In both case total possible outcome
n (S) = 26
87. A bag contains cards bearing numbers from 11 to 30.
(i) a vowel, A card is taken out from the bag at random. Find
n (E1) = 5 the probability that the selected card has multiple of
5 on it.
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 5

Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2014, 2012]
n (S) 26
(ii) a consonant. No. of cards n (S) = 20
n (E2) = 21 Multiples of 5 from 11 to 30 are 15, 20, 25 and 30 i.e
4 numbers .
n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 21 Thus number of favourable outcomes,
n ^S h 26
Page 490 Probability Chap 15

n (E) = 4 n (S) = 12
Required probability, When candles not red, there are 9 possibilities,
n ^E h n ^E h = 9
P ^E h = = 4 =1
n ^S h 20 5 P (candle is not red),
88. A bag contains 5 red, 8 green and 7 white balls. n ^E h
P ^E h = = 9 =3
n ^S h
One ball is drawn at random from the bag, find the 12 4
probability of getting :
(i) not a white ball, 91. In a family of two children find the probability of
(ii) neither a green nor a red ball. having at least one girl.


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012, 2014]

Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]

Bag contains 5 red, 8 green and 7 white balls i.e. total All possible outcomes,
20 ball.
S = {GG, GB, BG, BB}
Total number of possible outcomes,
Total number of possible outcomes,
n (S) = 20
n (S) = 4
(i) not a white ball,
Favourable outcomes are GG, GB and BG.
There are 5 red and 8 green balls which are not white.
Thus number of favourable outcome, Thus n ^E h = 3
n (E1) = 13 P (at least one girl),
P (not a white ball), n ^E h
P ^E h = =3
n (E1) n ^S h 4
P (E1) = = 13
n (S) 20
(ii) neither a green nor a red ball.
There are 7 white balls which are neither a green nor
a red ball.
n (E2) = 7
n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 7
n ^S h 20

89. Two dice are rolled simultaneously. Find the

probability that the sum of numbers appearing is 10.


Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2014]
92. Find the probability that a leap year has 53 Sundays


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
When two dice are thrown, we have 6 # 6 = 36
possible outcomes. 366 days = 52 weeks + 2 days
n (S) = 36 2 days can be MT, TW, WTh, ThF, FS, SS, SM out
Favourable outcomes are (4, 6), (6, 4) and (5, 5). In of which SS and SM are favourable outcome.
these outcomes, sum of numbers appearing is 10. Total number of possible outcomes,
No. of favourable outcomes n (S) = 7
n ^E h = 3 Thus number of favourable outcome,
n ^E h n ^E h = 2
P ^E h = = 3 = 1
n ^S h 36 12
n ^E h
P ^E h = =2
90. A bag contains 3 red, 4 green and 5 white candles, n ^S h 7
one candle is drawn at random from the bag, find the
93. Two dice, one blue and one grey, are thrown at the
probability that candle is not red.
same time. What is the probability that the sum of


Ans : [Board Term-2 2014] the two numbers appearing on the top of the dice is
Total number of possible outcomes are 3 + 4 + 5 = 12.
Chap 15 Probability Page 491

8? cards. Find the probability of getting :

Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012] (i) a non face card,
There are 36 possible outcomes of rolling two dices. (ii) a black king.


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
n (S) = 36
We have 5 favourable outcomes are (2, 6), (3, 5), Total cards, n (S) = 52
(4, 4), (5, 3), (6, 2). (i) There are 12 face cards and thus 40 non-
n ^E h = 5 face cards.
n (E1) = 40
Required probability,
n ^E h
n (E1)
= 40 = 10
P ^E h =
P (non-faces), P (E1) =
= 5 n (S) 52 13
nS 36
(ii) There are 2 black king
n (E2) = 2
n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 2 = 1
n ^S h
P (black king),
52 26
97. Two dice are thrown together. What is the probability
of getting a doublet ?
94. A bag contains 5 red balls and some blue balls. If


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
the probability of drawing a blue ball from the bag
is thrice that of the red ball, find the number of blue When two dice are thrown, we have 6 # 6 = 36
balls in the bag. possible outcomes.


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
n (S) = 36
Let x be blue balls in bag. Doublets are (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5) and
Total balls n (S) = 5 + x (6, 6). Thus we have 6 favourable outcomes.
n ^E h = 6
n (R) = 5 and n (B) = x
n ^E h
n ^Rh P (a doublet), P ^E h = = 6 =1
= 5 n ^S h
n ^S h
P (red ball), P (R) = 36 6
5+x

n ^B h 98. A lot consists of 144 ball pens of which 20 are defective

= x
n ^S h
P (blue ball), P (B) = and others are good. Nuri will buy a pen if it is good,
5+x
but will not buy if it is defective. The shopkeeper
As per question we have
draws one pen at random and gives it to her. What is
x = 3#5 the probability that :
5+x 5+x (i) she will buy it ?
Thus x = 15 (ii) she will not buy it ?


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
95. Two coins are tossed together. Find the probability of
getting both heads or both tails.
Total no. of pens, n (S) = 144


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
No. of good pen, n (E) = 144 − 20 = 124
Possibilities are HH, HT TH, TT out of which HH
and TT are favourable. Probability of purchasing pen,
n (S) = 4 n ^E h
P ^E h = = 124 = 31
n ^E h = 2 n ^S h 144 36
Probability of not purchasing pen,
n ^E h
P (HH or TT), P ^E h = =2=1 P ^E h = 1 − P ^E h
n ^S h 4 2

96. One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 = 1 − 5 = 31

36 36
Page 492 Probability Chap 15

99. A bag contains 5 red balls and some blue balls. If the P (Number drawn is perfect square),
probability of drawing a blue ball is double that of red n (E1)
ball, determine the number of blue balls in the bag. P (E1) = = 8
n (S) 113


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012]
(ii) No. of multiples of 7 from 11 to 123 is 16 i.e 14,
Let x be blue balls in bag. 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, 84, 91, 98, 105, 112
Total balls, n (S) = 5 + x and 119.
No. of all favourable outcomes.
n (R) = 5 and n (B) = x
n (E2) = 16
n ^Rh
= 5 P (number drawn card is multiple of 7)
n ^S h
P (red ball), P (R) =
5+x
n ^E2h
n ^B h P ^E2h = = 16
= x n ^S h 113
n ^S h
P (blue ball), P (R) =
5+x
102.A box contains 12 balls of which some are red in
As per question we have colour. If 6 more red balls are put in the box and a
x ball is drawn at random the probability of drawing
= 2#5 a red ball doubles than what it was before. Find the
5+x 5+x
number of red balls in the bag.
Thus x = 10

Ans : [Board Term-2 SQP 2017]

100.Two different dice are thrown together. Find the Let x be red balls in the box out of 12 balls.
probability that the product of the number appeared
is less than 18. P (R) = x
12


Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2017] After putting 6 red balls in the bag, total numbers of
There are 6 # 6 = 36 possible outcomes. balls in box is 12 + 6 = 18 and red ball are x + 6 .

n (S) = 36 Pl (R) = x + 6
18
According to the problem
Favourable outcomes are (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 5), (5, 1),
(5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 3), (6, 1), (6, 2), (1, 1), (1, 1), (1, 2), 2# x = x+6
(1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6), (2, 1), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), 12 18
(2, 6), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (2, 5) and (4, 1).
18x = 6x + 36 & x = 3
No. of favourable outcomes,
n ^E h = 26
Hence there were 8 red ball.

P (Product appears is less than 18) 103.A bag contains 15 white and some black balls. If the
n ^E h probability of drawing a black ball from the bag is
P ^E h = = 26 = 13
n ^S h 36 18 thrice that of drawing a white ball, find the number
of blackballs in the bag.
101.A box contains cards numbered 11 to 123. A card is

Ans :
drawn at random from the box. Find the probability Let x be black balls and 15 white balls.
that the number of the drawn card is
(i) A perfect square number Total balls, n ^S h = 15 + x
(ii) A multiple of 7. Let P (B) be the probability of drawing black


Ans : [Board Term-2 SQP 2017]
ball and
P (W) be the probability of drawing white ball.
Total number of all possible outcomes,
Now P (B) = 3 # P (W)
n (S) = 113
x = 3 # 15
(i) Perfect square numbers between 11 to 123 are 16,
^15 + x h ^15 + x h
25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100 and 121.
No. of all favourable outcomes x = 45
n (E1) = 8 Thus there are 45 black balls in the bag.
Chap 15 Probability Page 493

THREE MARKS QUESTION n (E) = 2

So, the probability of getting 5 Sunday in the month
of November,
104.An integer is chosen between 70 and 100. Find the
n (E)
probability that it is P (E) = =2
(i) a prime number (ii) divisible by 7 n (S) 7


Ans : [Board 2020 SQP Standard]
106.Two dice are tossed simultaneously. Find the
There are 29 integer from 70 to 100. Total number of probability of getting
outcomes are 29 in both case. (i) an even number on both dice.
n (S) = 29 (ii) the sum of two numbers more than 9.
(i) There are 6 prime numbers between 70 and 100

Ans : [Board 2020 OD Basic]
as 71, 73, 79, 83, 89 and 97 i.e. 6 favourable out- There are 36 possible outcomes of rolling two dices.
come.
n (S) = 36
n (E1) = 6
(i) an even number on both dice.
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 6 Favourable outcome are (2, 2), (2, 4), (2, 6), (4, 2)
n (S) 29 (4, 4), (4, 6), (6, 2), (6, 4) and (6, 6).
Number of favourable outcomes
(ii) There are 4 numbers between 70 and 100 which
n (E1) = 9
are divisible by 7 as 77, 84, 91 and 98 i.e. 4 favour-
able outcome. P (an even number on both dice),
n (E1)
n (B) = 4 P (E1) = = 9 =1
n (S) 36 4
n (E2)
P (E2) = = 4 (ii) sum of two numbers more than 9
n (S) 29
Favourable outcome are (4, 6), (5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 4),
(6, 5) and (6, 6).
Number of favourable outcomes
n (E2) = 6
P (sum of two numbers more than 9),
n (E2)
P (E2) = = 6 =1
n (S) 36 6

105.Find the probability that 5 Sundays occur in the 107.In a family of three children, find the probability of
month of November of a randomly selected year. having at least two boys.


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Basic]

Ans : [Board 2020 OD Basic]

Total no. of days in November = 30 If there are three children in family all possible
outcome are {BBB, BBG, BGB, GBB, GGB, GBG,
So, it has 4 weeks and 2 days. 4 weeks have 4 Sundays. BGG, GGG}.
The two remaining days should be
So, the total number of outcomes,
1. Sunday, Monday
2. Monday, Tuesday n (S) = 23 = 8
3. Tuesday, Wednesday At-least two of them are boys means all those cases
4. Wednesday, Thursday in which we have either 2 or 3 boys. Thus favourable
5. Thursday, Friday outcome are {BBB, BBG, BGB, GBB}
6. Friday, Saturday
7. Saturday, Sunday Number of favourable outcome,
Thus number of possible outcomes, n (E) = 4
n (S) = 7 The probability of having at least two boys
n (E) 4
Number of favourable outcome, P (E) = = =1
n (S) 8 2
Page 494 Probability Chap 15

Probability of losing the game,

n (E)
108.A child has a die whose six faces show the letters as P (E) = =6 =3
shown below: n (S) 8 4
A B C D E A 111.A die is thrown once. Find the probability of getting a
The die is thrown once. What is the probability of number which (i) is a prime number (ii) lies between
getting (i) A, (ii) D ? 2 and 6.


Ans : [Board 2020 OD Standard]

Ans : [Board 2019 Delhi Standard]

Total possible outcomes, n (S) = 6 Total outcomes n (S) = 6

(i) Probability of getting letter A, (i) is a prime number
n (E1) = 2 . Prime numbers are 2, 3 and 5.
n (E1) n (E1) = 3
P (E1) = =2 =1
n (S) 6 3
P (prime no.),
(ii) Probability of getting letter D , n (E1)
P (E1) = =3=1
n (E2) = 1 n (S) 6 2

n (E2) (ii) lies between 2 and 6

P (E2) = =1
n (S) 6 n (E2) = 3
109.A child has a die whose six faces show the letters as P (lies between 2 and 6),
shown below:
n (E2)
A A B C C C P (E2) = =3=1
n (S) 6 2
The die is thrown once. What is the probability of
getting (i) A, (ii) C ? 112.A die is thrown twice. Find the probability that


Ans : [Board 2020 OD Standard] (i) 5 will come up at least once.
(ii) 5 will not come up either time.
Total possible outcomes, n (S) = 6

Ans : [Board 2019 OD Standard]
(i) Probability of getting letter A, There are 6 # 6 = 36 possible outcome. Thus sample
n (E1) = 2 . space for two die is
n (E1) n (S) = 36
P (E1) = =2 =1
n (S) 6 3 (i) 5 will come up at least once
Favourable case are (5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5),
(ii) Probability of getting letter C ,
(5, 6) (1, 5), (2, 5), (3, 5), (4, 5) and (6, 5)thus 11 case.
n (E2) = 3 Number of favourable outcome,
n (E2) n (E1) = 11
P (E2) = =1
n (S) 6 Probability that 5 will come up at least once,
n (E1)
110.A game consists of tossing a coin 3 times and noting P (E1) = = 11
n (S) 36
the outcome each time. If getting the same result in
all the tosses is a success, find the probability of losing (ii) 5 will not come up either time
the game. Probability that 5 will come up either time


Ans : [Board 2019 Delhi Standard] P ( E ) = 1 − P (E)
Possible outcomes are {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH,
= 1 − 11 = 36 − 11 = 25

TTH, THT, HTT, TTT}. 36 36 36
Total possible outcomes, 113.Two different dice are tossed together. Find the
probability:
n (S) = 23 = 8 (i) of getting a doublet
Number of outcomes where the game lost, (ii) of getting a sum 10, of the numbers on the two
dice.
n (E) = 8 − 2 = 6
Chap 15 Probability Page 495

Ans : [Board 2018] drawn card is

There are 36 possible outcomes of rolling two dices. (i) a black king,
(ii) a card of red colour,
n (S) = 36
(iii) a card of black colour.
(i) of getting a doublet


Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2015]
Doublets are (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5) and
(6, 6) which are 6 doublets. There are total 52 cards out of which 6 cards are
Number of favourable outcomes, removed.
Total number of all possible outcomes,
n (E1) = 6
n (S) = 52 − 6 = 46
n (E1)
P (doublet), P (E1) = = 6 =1 Number of black king,
n (S) 36 6
n (E1) = 2
(ii) of getting a sum 10, of the numbers on the two
dice. (i) a black king,
Favourable outcomes are (4, 6), (5, 5), (6, 4) i.e., 3. Probability of drawing black king
Number of favourable outcomes, n (E1)
P (E1) = = 2 = 1
n (S) 46 23
n (E2) = 3
(ii) a card of red colour,
n (E2)
P (sum 10), P (E2) = = 3 = 1 Total red card,
n (S) 36 12
n (E2) = 26 − 6 = 20
Probability of drawing red colour card
n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 20 = 10
n ^S h 46 23
(iii) a card of black colour.
Total card of black colour,
114.An integer is chosen at random between 1 and 100.
Find the probability that it is: n (E3) = 26
(i) divisible by 8. Probability of drawing black colour card
(ii) not divisible by 8.
n ^E3h


Ans : [Board 2018] P ^E3h = = 26 = 13
n ^S h 46 23
Total number of outcomes,
n (S) = 100 − 2 = 98 116.A bag contains 6 red balls and some blue balls. If
the probability of drawing a blue ball from the bag is
(i) divisible by 8.
twice that of a red ball, find the number of blue balls
Favourable outcomes are 8, 16, 24, ..., 96, i.e., 12. in the bag.
Number of favourable outcomes,

Ans : [Board Term-2 2012]
n (E1) = 12 Let x be blue balls.
P (Divisible by 8),
Total balls n (S) = 6 + x
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 12 = 6 n (R) = 5 and n (B) = x
n (S) 98 49
(ii) not divisible by 8. n ^Rh
= 6
n ^S h
P (red ball) P (R) =
P (not divisible by 8), 6+x
P ( E ) = 1 − P (E) n ^B h
= x
^ h
P (blue ball) P (R) =
n S 6+x
= 1 − 6 = 43

49 49 As per question we have
115.From a pack of 52 playing cards, Jacks, Queens and x = 2 # 6 & x = 12
Kings of red colour are removed. From the remaining, 6+x 6+x
a card is drawn at random. Find the probability that
Thus there are 12 blue balls.
Page 496 Probability Chap 15

n ^E2h
P ^E2h =
117.A bag contains cards numbered 1 to 49. Find the
=3
probability that the number on the drawn card is : n ^S h 4
(i) an odd number (iii) no head.
(ii) a multiple of 5 Favourable outcomes is {TT} only.
(iii) Even prime
n (E3) = 1


Ans : [Board Term-2 2014]
n ^E3h
P ^E3h = =1
Total cards, n (S) = 49 n ^S h 4
(i) an odd number
119.Three different coins are tossed together. Find the
probability of getting
Odd number are 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21,
23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47 and 49. (i) exactly two heads.
(ii) at least two heads
Total odd number, n (E1) = 25
(iii) at least two tails.
n (E1) n ^O h

Ans :
= 25 [Board Term-2 OD 2016]
n (S) n ^S h
P (odd number), P (E1) = =
49
Sample space for three coins tossed is {HHH, HHT,
(ii) a multiple of 5 HTH, THH, HTT, THT, TTH, TTT}
n ^S h = 8
Multiple of 5 are 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45.
Total multiple of 5 number,
(i) Exactly two heads
n (E2) = 5
n ^E2h Sample space E1 ={HHT, HTH, THH}
P ^E2h = = 9
n ^S h
P (multiple of 5),
49 n (E1) = 3
(iii) Even prime n (E1)
Only 2 is even prime number. Therefore P (E1) = =3
n (S) 8
n (E3) = 1 (ii) At least two heads.
n ^E3h Sample space E2 = {HHT, HTH, THH, HHH}
= 1
n ^S h
P (even prime), P (E3) =
49
n (E2) = 4
118.Two unbiased coins are tossed simultaneously. Find
n ^E2h
the probability of getting : P ^E2h = =4=1
(i) at least one head, n ^S h 8 2
(ii) almost one head, (iii) At least two tails,
(iii) no head. Sample space E3 ={TTH, THT, HTT, TTT}


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2012, 2014]
n (E3) = 4
There are 4 possible outcome when two unbiased coins
n ^E3h
are tossed simultaneously. P ^E3h = =4=1
n ^S h 8 2
Sample space S ={HH, HT, TH, TT}
n (S) = 4 120.A game consists of tossing a one-rupee coin 3 times
and noting the outcome each time. Ramesh will win
(i) at least one head, the game if all the tosses show the same result, (i.e
Favourable outcomes are {HT, TH, HH}. either all three heads or all three tails) and loses the
n (E1) = 3 game otherwise. Find the probability that Ramesh
will lose the game.
n (E1)
P (E1) = =3

Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2016, Delhi 2017]
n (S) 4
There are 8 possible outcome when one coin is tossed
(ii) almost one head,
three times : {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, HTT, THT,
Favourable outcomes are {HT, TH, HH}. TTH, TTT}.
n (E2) = 3 n ^S h = 8
Chap 15 Probability Page 497

In the case of same result on all the tosses,

Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2016]

E = {HHH, TTT} Since box consists of 100 shirts, there are 100 possible
outcomes.
n (E) = 2
n ^S h = 100
P (Ramesh will win the game)
(i) Ramesh will buy the selected shirt ?
n (E)
P (E) = =2 =1 Number of good shirts
n (S) 8 4
n (E1) = 88
P (Ramesh will loose the game)
P (Ramesh buys the shirt)
P (E ) = 1 − P (E)
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 88 = 22
= 1− 1 = 3
n (S) 100 25
4 4
(ii) Kewal will buy the selected shirt ?
Number of shirts without major defect,
n (E2) = 88 + 8 = 96
P (Kewal buys a shirt)
n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 96 = 24
121.In a single throw of a pair of different dice, what is the n ^S h 100 25
probability of getting
(i) a prime number on each dice ? 123.A box contains 100 cards marked from 1 to 100. If
one card is drawn at random from the box, find the
(ii) a total of 9 or 11 ?
probability that it bears :


Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2016]
(i) a single digit number
When two dice are thrown there are 6 # 6 = 36 (ii) a number which is a perfect square
possible outcomes. (iii) a number which is divisible by 7
n (S) = 36

Ans : [Board Term-2 2016]

(i) a prime number on each dice ? Since box consists of 100 cards, there are 100 possible
Favourable outcomes are (2, 2) (2, 3) (2, 5) (3, 2) (3, outcomes.
n ^S h = 100
3) (3, 5) (5, 2) (5, 3) and (5, 5) i.e. 9 outcomes.
n (E1) = 9 (i) a single digit number
P (a prime number on each die) Number of favourable outcomes,
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 9 =1 n (E1) = 9
n (S) 36 4
P (single digit number),
(ii) a total of 9 or 11 ?
n (E1)
Favourable outcomes are (3, 6) (4, 5) (5, 4) (6, 3) (5, P (E1) = = 9
n (S) 100
6) and (6, 5) i.e. 6 outcomes.
(ii) a number which is a perfect square
n (E1) = 6 Perfect square number are 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64,
P (a total of 9 or 11) 81 and 100.
n ^E2h No. of favourable outcomes,
P ^E2h = = 6 =1
n ^S h 36 6 n (E2) = 10
122.A box consists of 100 shirts of which 88 are good, 8 P (perfect square),
n ^E2h 10
have minor defects and 4 have major defects. Ramesh,
a shopkeeper will buy only those shirts which are good P ^E2h = = 1
n ^S h 100 10
=
but ‘Kewal’ another shopkeeper will not buy shirts
with major defects. A shirt is taken out of the box at (iii) a number which is divisible by 7
random. What is the probability that : Number divisible by 7 are 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56,
(i) Ramesh will buy the selected shirt ? 63, 70, 77, 84, 91 and 98 i.e. 14 numbers.
(ii) Kewal will buy the selected shirt ? No. of favourable outcomes,
Page 498 Probability Chap 15

n (E3) = 14 (ii) has an odd number which is not less than 70.
P (a number divisible by 7), Favourable outcomes are 71, 73, 75, ......101.
n ^E3h Number of favourable outcomes,
P ^E3h = = 14
n ^S h 100 n (E2) = 16
124.There are 100 cards in a bag on which numbers from P (odd number not less than 70),
1 to 100 are written. A card is taken out from the bag n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 16 = 4
n ^S h
at random. Find the probability that the number on 100 25
the selected card.
(i) is divisible by 9 and is a perfect square. 126.All red face cards are removed from a pack of playing
cards. The remaining cards are well shuffled and
(ii) is a prime number greater than 80.
then a card is drawn at random from them. Find the


Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2016] probability that the drawn card is :
Since bag consists of 100 cards, there are 100 possible (i) a red card
outcomes. (ii) a face card
n ^S h = 100 (iii) a card of clubs
(i) is divisible by 9 and is a perfect square.

Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2015]

Number divisible by 9 and perfect square are 9, 36 Since red face cards are removed, number of all
and 81 i.e. 3 numbers. possible outcomes are 52 - 6 = 46
n (E1) = 3 n (S) = 46
Required probability, (i) a red card
n (E1) No. of remaining red cards,
P (E1) = = 3
n (S) 100 n (E1) = 26 − 6 = 20
(ii) is a prime number greater than 80. n (E1)
Prime numbers greater than 80 and less than 100 are P (red card), P (E1) = = 20 = 10
n (S) 46 26
83, 89 and 97 i.e 3 numbers.
(ii) a face card
n (E2) = 3 Number of remaining face cards,
Required probability,
n (E2) = 12 − 6 = 6
n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 3 P (a face card),
n ^S h 100
n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 6 = 3
n ^S h
125.Cards numbered 2 to 101 are placed in a box. A card is 46 23
selected at random from the box, find the probability
that the card selected : (iii) a card of clubs
(i) has a number which is a perfect square. Number of cards clubs
(ii) has an odd number which is not less than 70. n (E3) = 13


Ans : [Board Term-2 2012] P (a card of clubs),
Since box consists of 100 cards, there are 100 possible n ^E3h
P ^E3h = = 13
outcomes. n ^S h 46
n ^S h = 100
127.The probability of selecting a red ball at random from
(i) has a number which is a perfect square. a jar that contains only red, blue and orange balls is
Perfect squares are 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81 and 1
4 . The probability of selecting a blue ball at random
100. from the same jar is 13 . If the jar contains 10 orange
Number of favourable outcomes, balls, find the total number of ball in the jar.
n (E1) = 9

Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2015]

P (Perfect square),
Probability of red ball, P (R) = 1
n (E1) 4
P (E1) = = 9
n (S) 100
Probability of blue ball, n (B) = 1
3
Chap 15 Probability Page 499

cards. Find the probability of getting

Probability of orange, (i) Non face card,
(ii) Black king or a Red queen,
P (O) = 1 − [P (R) + P (B)]
(iii) Spade card.
= 1 − b 1 + 1 l = 5

Ans : [Board Term-2 SQP 2016]
4 3 12

n (O) Total cards n (S) = 52

Now P (O) =
n (S) (i) Non face card
Total number of non-face card,
5 = 10
12 n (S) n (E1) = 52 − 12 = 40
Total numbers of balls, P (non-face cards),

n (S) = 10 # 12 = 24 P (E1) =
n (E1)
= 40 = 10
5 n (S) 52 13
(ii) Black king or a red queen,
Number of black kings = 2
Number of red queens = 2
Thus there are 4 favourable outcome.
128.Two different dice are thrown together. Find the n (E2) = 4
probability of :
P (a black Kind or a red queen),
(i) getting a number greater than 3 on each die.
n ^E2h
(ii) getting a total of 6 or 7 of the numbers on two P ^E2h = = 4 = 1
dice. n ^S h 52 13


Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2016] (iii) Spade card
When two dice are thrown there are 6 # 6 = 36 Number of spade cards,
possible outcomes. n (E3) = 13
n (S) = 36 P (Spade cards),
(i) getting a number greater than 3 on each die. n ^E3h
P ^E3h = = 13 = 1
Favourable outcomes are (4, 5), (4, 4), (4, 6), (5, 4), n ^S h 52 4
(5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 4), (6, 5) and (6, 6).
130.Three coins are tossed simultaneously once. Find the
No. of favourable outcomes,
probability of getting :
n (E1) = 9 (i) at least one tail,
(ii) no tail.
P (a number > 3 on each die)


Ans : [Board Term-2 2012]
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 9 =1 Sample space for three coins tossed is {HHH, HHT,
n (S) 36 4
HTH, THH, HTT, THT, TTH, TTT}
(ii) getting a total of 6 or 7 of the numbers on two
dice. n ^S h = 23 = 8
Favourable outcomes are (1, 5), (2, 4), (3, 3), (4, 2), (i) at least one tail,
(5, 1), (1, 6), (2, 5), (3, 4), (4, 3), (5, 2) and (6, 1). Number of favourable outcomes,
No. of favourable outcomes n (B) = 11 n (E1) = 7
P (a total of 6 to 7), P (at least one tail),

n ^E2h n (E1)
=7
P ^E2h =
P (E1) =
= 11
n ^S h
n (S) 8
36
(ii) no tail.
129.One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 Number of favourable outcomes,
Page 500 Probability Chap 15

n (E2) = 1 Number of kings = 4

n ^E2h
P ^E2h =
Number of black cards = 26 − 2 = 24
=1
n ^S h
P (no tail),
8 Thus there are 4 favourable outcome.
131.A game consists of tossing a one-rupee coin three n (E3) = 24 + 4 = 28
times and noting its outcome each time. Find the
probability of getting : P (a black Kind or a red queen)
n ^E3h
P ^E3h =
(i) three heads,
= 28 = 7
(ii) at least two tails. n ^S h 52 13


Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2015]
133.Two dice are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 1, 1, 2, 2,
Sample space for three coins tossed is {HHH, 3, 3 respectively. They are thrown and the sum of the
HHT, HTH, THH, HTT, THT, TTH, TTT}. numbers on them is noted. What is the probability of
n ^S h = 23 = 8 getting even sum :


Ans :
(i) three heads,
Favourable outcome is {HHH} i.e. only one outcome. Total number of outcomes = 6 # 6 = 36
Thus n (E1) = 1 Possible sum of two numbers on the two dice are 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. i.e. outcomes favourable to event are
n (E1) (1, 1), (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 1), (1, 3), (1, 3), (3, 3),
P (three heads), P (E1) = =1
n (S) 8 (4, 2), (4, 2), (5, 1), (5, 1), (5, 3), (5, 3), (6, 2), (6, 2)
(ii) at least two tails. Hence, number of outcomes favourable to E is 18.
Favourable outcome are {TTT, TTH, THT, HTT}. n (S) = 36
Number of favourable outcomes,
n (E) = 18
n (E2) = 4
Required probability,
n ^E2h
P (at least two tails), P ^E2h = =4=1
n ^S h 8 2 P (E) =
n (E)
= 18 = 1
n (S) 36 2
132.One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 134.Three unbiased coins are tossed together. Find the
cards. Find the probability of getting : probability of getting :
(i) a red face card, (i) at least two heads,
(ii) a spade, (ii) almost two heads.
(iii) either a king or a black cards.

Ans : [Board Term-2 2015]


Ans : [Board Term-2 2012, 2015]
Sample space for three coins tossed is {HHH, HHT,
Total cards, n (S) = 52 HTH, THH, HTT, THT, TTH, TTT}.
(i) Red face card n ^S h = 8
Total number of red-face card, (i) Sample space for at least 2 heads is {HHH, HHT,
HTH, THH}
n (E1) = 6
Number of favourable outcomes,
P (red face cards)
n (E1) = 4
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 6 = 3 P (at least two heads).
n (S) 52 26
n (E1)
(ii) Spade card P (E1) = =4=1
n (S) 8 2
Number of spade cards
(ii) Sample space for almost two heads is {HHT, HTH,
n (E2) = 13
TTT, THH, THT, TTH, HTT}
P (Spade cards), Number of favourable outcomes,
n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 13 = 1 n (E2) = 7
n ^S h 52 4
n ^E2h
(iii) Black king or a red queen, P ^E2h = =7
n ^S h
P ( almost 2 heads),
8
Chap 15 Probability Page 501

135.A bag contains, white, black and red balls only. A ball Total ball, n (S) = 18
is drawn at random from the bag. If the probability
of getting a white ball is 103 and that of a black ball Red ball n (R) = x
is 25 , then find the probability of getting a red ball. (i) not red
If the bag contains 20 black balls, then find the total n (R)
number of balls in the bag. P (red ball), P (R) = = x
n (S) 18


Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2015]
P (no red ball),
We have P (W) = 3 P (R ) = 1 − x = 18 − x
10 18 18
(ii) Now two more red balls are added.
P (B) = 2
5
Now total ball nl (S) = 18 + 2 = 20
P (R) = 1 − c 3 + 2 m = 3 There are total x + 2 red ball.
10 5 10
nl (R) = x + 2
n (B)
Now P (B) = nl (R)
n (S) P (red balls), Pl (R) = = x+2
nl (S) 20
Substituting P (B) = 2
5 and n (B) = 20 in above
equation we have Now, according to the question,
2 = 20 & n (S) = 20 # 5 = 50 x+2 = 9 x
5 n (S) 2 20 8 # 18

Thus there are 50 total balls. 180x = 144x + 288

36x = 288

x = 288 = 8
36

Now substituting x = 8 we have

P (R ) = 18 − 8 = 10 = 5
18 18 9
137.Cards numbered 1 to 30 are put in a bag. A card
is drawn at random. Find the probability that the
drawn card is
(i) prime number > 7
(ii) not a perfect square


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2014]

We have 30 cards and thus there are 30

possible outcomes.
n (S) = 30
(i) prime number > 7
Favourable outcomes are 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29. Thus
number of favourable outcomes,
136.A bag contains 18 balls out of which x balls are red.
n (E1) = 6
(i) If one ball is drawn at random from the bag, what
is the probability that it is not red ? n (E1)
P (prime no. > 7) P (E1) = = 6 =1
(ii) If 2 more red balls are put in the bag, the n (S) 30 5
probability of drawing a red ball will be 98 times (ii) not a perfect square
the probability of drawing a red ball in the first Favourable outcomes are 1, 4, 9, 16, 25. Thus number
case. Find the value of x . of favourable outcomes,


Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2015] P (not a perfect square),
Page 502 Probability Chap 15

n ^E2h
P ^E2h =
Number of favourable outcomes
= 25 = 5
n ^S h 30 6
n (E2) = 1
138.Two dice are thrown at the same time. Find the P (second card drawn is an ace),
probability of getting :
n ^E2h
(i) same number on both dice P ^E2h = =1
n ^S h 4
(ii) sum of two numbers appearing on both the dice is
8.
140.From all the two digit numbers a number is chosen at


Ans : [Board Term-2 2012] random. Find the probability that the chosen number
There are 36 possible outcomes of rolling two dices. is a multiple of 7.


Ans : [Board Term-2 OD Compt. 2017]
n (S) = 36
(i) same number on both dice All possible outcomes are 10, 11, 12 ........., 98 and 99.
Favourable outcome are (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), No. of all possible outcomes
(5, 5) and (6, 6). n (S) = 90
Thus number of favourable outcome All favourable outcomes are 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56,
n (E1) = 6 63, 70, 77, 84, 91 and 98 i.e 13 outcome.
P (Same number on both dice) No. of favourable outcomes

n (E1) n ^E h = 13
P (E1) = = 6 =1
n (S) 36 6 P (getting a number multiple of 7),
(ii) sum of two numbers appearing on both the dice is n ^E h
P ^E h = = 13
8. n ^S h 90
Favourable outcome are (2, 6), (3, 5), (4, 4), (6, 2) and 141.A box contains cards, number 1 to 90. A card is drawn
(5, 3). Thus number of favourable outcomes, at random from the box. Find the probability that the
n (E2) = 5 selected card bears a :
P (Sum is 8), (i) Two digit number.
n ^E2h
(ii) Perfect square number
P ^E2h = = 5
n ^S h 36

Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi Compt. 2017]

We have 90 cards and thus there are 90 possible

139.Five cards, ten, Jack, Queen, King and Ace of outcomes.
diamonds are well shuffled. One card is picked up
from them. n (S) = 90
(i) Find the probability that the drawn card is (i) No. of cards having 2 digit number 90 − 9 = 81.
Queen.
Number of favourable outcomes,
(ii) If Queen is put aside, then find the probability
that the second card drawn is an ace. n (E1) = 81


Ans : [Board Term-2 2014] P (selected card bears two digit number)
n (E1)
We have 5 cards and thus there are 5 possible P (E1) = = 81 = 9
outcomes. n (S) 90 10

n (S) = 5 (ii) Perfect square number between 1 to 90 are 1, 4, 9,

16, 25, 36, 49, 64 and 81 i.e. 9 numbers.
(i) drawn card is queen
No. of favourable outcomes,
No. of favourable outcomes,
n (E2) = 9
n (E1) = 1
P (perfect square numbers)
n ^E2h
n (E1)
=1
P ^E2h =
P (queen), P (E1) =
n (S) 5 = 9 = 1
n ^S h 90 10
(ii) second card drawn is an ace
Since, queen was kept, number of all possible outcomes 142.Two different dice are thrown together. Find the
n (S) = 5 − 1 = 4
Chap 15 Probability Page 503

probability that the number obtained :

FOUR MARKS QUESTION

(i) have a sum less than 7.
(ii) have a product less than 16.
143.What is the probability that a randomly taken leap
(iii) is a doublet of odd numbers.
year has 52 Sundays?


Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2017]


Ans : [Board 2020 OD Standard]
There are 36 possible outcomes of rolling two dices.
Number of days in a leap year = 366
n (S) = 36
(i) have a sum less than 7. Number of weeks = 366 = 52.28
7
Favourable outcome are (1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4),
(1,5) (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), So, there will be 52 weeks and 2 days
(4, 1), (4, 2) and (5, 1). So, every leap year has 52 Sundays
Number of favourable outcomes Now, the probability depends on remaining 2 days
The Possible pairing of days are
n (E1) = 15
Sunday - Monday
P (have sum less than 7),
Monday - Tuesday
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 15 = 5 Tuesday - Wednesday
n (S) 36 12
Wednesday - Thursday
(ii) have a product less than 16. Thursday - Friday
Favourable outcome are (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), Friday - Saturday
(1,6), (2,1), (2,2), (2,3), (2,4), (2,5), (2,6), (3,1), (3, Saturday - Sunday
2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (5, 1), (5,
There are total 7 pairs and out of 7 pairs, only 2 pairs
2), (5, 3), (6, 1) and (6, 2).
have Sunday. The remaining 5 pairs does not include
No. of favourable outcomes, Sunday.
n (E2) = 24 n (S) = 7
P (have a product less than 16),
n (A) = 5
n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 24 = 2
n ^S h 36 3 P (A) =
n (A)
=5
n (S) 7
(iii) is a doublet of odd numbers.
Favourable outcome are (1, 1), (1, 3), (1, 5), (3, 1), Therefore, the probability of only 52 Sunday in a Leap
(3, 3), (3, 5), (5, 1), (5, 3) and (5, 5). year is 5 .
7
No. of favourable outcomes,
144.Jayanti throws a pair of dice and records the product
n (E3) = 9 of the numbers appearing on the dice. Pihu throws 1
P (a doublet of odd number), dice and records the squares the number that appears
on it. Who has the better chance of getting the
n ^E3h
P ^E3h = = 9 =1 number 36? Justify?
n ^S h 36 4


Ans : [Board 2020 SQP Standard]

Jayanti throws two dice together. There are 62 = 36

total number of possible outcomes.
n (S) = 36
She get 36 only when she gets (6, 6),
No. of favourable outcomes,
n (E1) = 1
P (getting the numbers of product 25)
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 1
n (S) 36
Page 504 Probability Chap 15

Pihu throws one dice. There are 6 total number of all marbles in the jar.
possible outcomes.

Ans : [Board 2019 OD]
n (S) = 6 Let x and y be the number of blue and black marbles.
The number where square is 36 is 6. No of green marbles = 11
No. of favourable outcomes, Total number of marbles = x + y + 11
According to the problem,
n (E2) = 1
P(getting a number whose square is 36) P (black marbles) = 1
4
n (E2)
P (E2) = =1 y
=1
n (S) 6 x + y + 11 4
P (E2) > P (E1) x = 3y − 11 ...(1)
Hence, Pihu has better chances to the number square Again, P (blue marble) = 1
36. 5

145.Peter throws two different dice together and finds the x =1

x + y + 11 5
product of the two numbers obtained. Rina throws a
die and squares the number obtained. Who has the 5x = x + y + 11
better chance to get the numbers 25.


Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2017]
y + 11
x = ...(2)
4
Peter throws two dice together. There are 62 = 36
From equation (1) and (2), we have
total number of possible outcomes.
y + 11
n (S) = 36 3y - 11 =
4
He get 25 only when he gets (5, 5),
No. of favourable outcomes, 12y - 44 = y + 11

n (E1) = 1 12y - y = 11 + 44
P (getting the numbers of product 25), 11y = 55 & y = 5
n (E1) n (A)
P (E1) = = = 1 From equation (1) we have
n (S) n (S) 36
x = 3 # 5 − 11 = 4
Rina throws one dice. There are 6 total number of all
possible outcomes. Hence, total number of marbles in the jar,
n (S) = 6 x + y + 11 = 4 + 5 + 11 = 20
The number where square is 25 is 5.
147.Cards marked with numbers 3, 4, 5, .........50 are
No. of favourable outcomes, placed in a bag and mixed thoroughly. One card is
n (E2) = 1 drawn at random from the bag. Find the probability
that number on the card drawn is :
P (getting a number whose square is 25)
(i) Divisible by 7.
n ^E2h
P ^E2h = =1 (ii) A perfect square.
n ^S h 6
(iii) A multiple of 6.
P (E2) > P (E1)

Ans : [Board Term-2 SQP 2016]

Hence, Rina has better chances to the number square We have 48 cards and thus there are 48 possible
25. outcomes.
n (S) = 48
146.The probability of selecting a blue marble at random
from a jar that contains only blue, black and green (i) Divisible by 7.
marbles is 15 . The probability of selecting a black Number of cards divisible by 7 are 7, 14, 21,
marble at random from the same jar is 14 . If the jar 35, 42 and 49.
contains 11 green marbles, find the total number of No. of favourable outcomes,
Chap 15 Probability Page 505

n (E1) = 7 No. of queen, n (E2) = 4 − 2 = 2

P (cards divisible by 7), n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 2 = 1
n ^S h
P (a queen),
n (E1) 46 23
P (E1) = = 7
n (S) 48 (iii) an ace
(ii) A perfect square. No. of ace, n (E3) = 4
Number of cards having a perfect square are 4, 9, 16,
n ^E3h
25, 36 and 49. P ^E3h = = 4 = 2
n ^S h
P (an ace),
No. of favourable outcomes, 46 23

n (E2) = 6 (iv) a face card

P (cards having a perfect square), Number of face cards, n (E 4) = 12 − 6 = 6
n ^E2h n ^E 4h
P ^E2h = = 6 =1 P ^E 4h = = 6 = 3
n ^S h n ^S h
P (a face card)
48 8 46 23
(iii) A multiple of 6.
149.All the black face cards are removed from a pack of 52
Number of multiples of 6 from 3 to 50 are 6, 12, 24,
cards. Find the probability of getting a
30, 36, 42, and 48.
(i) face card
No. of favourable outcomes,
(ii) red card
n (E3) = 6 (iii) black card
P (multiple of 6 from 3 to 50), (iv) king
n ^E3h

Ans : [Board Term-2 2014]
P ^E3h = = 8 =1
n ^S h 48 6 There are 52 − 6 = 46 cards after removing black face
cards. We have 46 cards and thus there are 48 possible
outcomes.
n (S) = 46
(i) face card
Number of red cards, n (E1) = 12 − 6 = 6
n (E1)
P (face card), P (E1) = = 6 = 3
n (S) 46 23
148.All the red face cards are removed from a pack of
52 playing cards. A card is drawn at random from (ii) red card
the remaining cards, after reshuffling them. Find the
Number of red card, n (E2) = 26
probability that the drawn card is
n ^E2h 26 13
(i) of red colour P ^E2h =
n ^S h 46 23
P (red card), = =
(ii) a queen
(iii) an ace (iii) black card
(iv) a face card. Number of black card, n (E3) = 26 − 6 = 20


Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2015]
n ^E3h
P ^E3h = = 20 = 10
n ^S h
There are 52 − 6 = 46 cards after removing black face P (black card),
46 23
cards. We have 46 cards and thus there are 48 possible
outcomes. (iv) king

n (S) = 46 Number of king, n (E 4) = 4 − 2 = 2

n ^E 4h
P ^E 4h =
(i) red colour
= 2 = 1
n ^S h
P (king),
46 23
Number of red cards, n (E1) = 26 − 6 = 20
n (E1) 150.A box contains 20 cards from 1 to 20. A card is drawn
P (red colour), P (E1) = = 20 = 10
n (S) 46 23 at random from the box. Find the probability that the
number on the drawn card is
(ii) a queen
(i) divisible by 2 or 3
Page 506 Probability Chap 15

n ^E2h
P ^E2h =
(ii) a prime number
= 13 = 1


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2015] n ^S h 65 5

We have 20 cards and thus there are 20 possible (iii) an odd number less than 30.
outcomes. Odd number less than 30 are 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19
23, 25, 27 and 29.
n (S) = 20
Number of favourable outcomes,
(i) divisible by 2 or 3
Number divisible by 2 or 3 are 6, 12, 18. n (E3) = 12
Number of favourable outcomes, P (a odd number less than 30),
n ^E3h 12
n (E1) = 3 P ^E3h =
n ^S h 65
=
P (divisible by 2 or 3),
(iv) a composite number between 50 and 70
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 3 Composite number between 50 and 70 are 51, 52, 54,
n (S) 20
55, 56, 57, 58, 60, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 68 and 69.
(ii) a prime number Number of favourable outcomes,
Prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17 and 19 i.e 8
numbers. n (E 4) = 15
Number of favourable outcomes, P (a composite number between 50 and 70)
n ^E 4h
n (E2) = 8 P ^E 4h = = 15 = 3
n ^S h 65 13
P (a prime no.),
n ^E2h
P ^E2h =
152.A card is drawn at random from a well-shuffled deck
= 8 =2
n ^S h 20 5 of playing cards. Find the probability that the card
151.A box contains cards bearing numbers from 6 to 70. drawn is :
If one card is drawn at random from the box, find the (i) a card of spade or an ace.
probability that it bears, (ii) a black king.
(i) a one digit number. (iii) neither a jack nor a king.
(ii) a number divisible by 5. (iv) either a king or a queen.
(iii) an odd number less than 30.

Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2015]
(iv) a composite number between 50 and 70. We have 52 cards and thus there are 52 possible


Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2015] outcomes.
We have 70 − 5 = 65 cards and thus there are 65 n (S) = 52
possible outcomes.
(i) a card of spade or an ace
n (S) = 65 Cards of spade or an ace,
(i) a one digit number. n (E1) = 13 + 3 = 16
One digit numbers are 6, 7, 8 and 9.
P (spade or an ace),
Number of favourable outcomes
n (E1)
n (E1) = 4 P (E1) = = 16 = 4
n (S) 52 13
P (one digit number), (ii) a black king
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 4 Number of black kings,
n (S) 65
(ii) a number divisible by 5. n (E2) = 2
Number divisible by 5 are 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, P (a black king),
45, 50, 55, 60, 65 and 70 i.e. 13 numbers. n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 2 = 1
Number of favourable outcomes, n ^S h 52 26
n (E2) = 13 (iii) neither a jack nor a king
P (a number divisible by 5), There are 4 + 4 = 8 Jack or king.
Chap 15 Probability Page 507

Number of neither jack nor a king, n (R)

P (R) = = 15 − x ...(1)
n (S) 15
n (E3) = 52 − 8 = 44
P (neither jack nor a king), If the number of red balls are increased by 5, i.e. total
the probability of drawing the red balls doubles.
n ^E3h 44 11
P ^E3h = In this case, number of total ball,
n ^S h 52 13
= =
n (S l ) = 15 + 5 = 20
(iv) either a king or a queen
and number of red ball,
There are 4 + 4 = 8 king or queen.
n (Rl ) = 15 − x + 5 = 20 − x .
n (E 4) = 8 Now in this case probability of drawing red ball,
P (either a king or a queen), nl (R) −
P (Rl ) = = 20 x
n ^E 4h
nl (S) 20
P ^E 4h = = 8 = 2
n ^S h 52 13 According to the question, we have
P (Rl ) = 2P (R)
20 - x = 2 b 15 − x l
20 15

1 - x = 2 − 2x
20 15

2x - x = 2 − 1
15 20

8x - 3x = 1
60

5x = 60 & x = 12
(i) P (red ball)
n (R)
P (R) = = 15 − 12 = 3 = 1
n (S) 15 15 5
(ii) P (blue ball)
n (B)
P (R) = = 12 = 4
n (S) 15 5
(iii) P (blue ball if of 5 extra red balls are actually
added)
153.A bag contains 15 balls of which x are blue and the nl (R)
Pl (R) = = 3+5 = 8 = 2
remaining are red. If the number of red balls are nl (S) 15 + 5 20 5
increased by 5, the probability of drawing the red
balls doubles. Find : 154.Three digit number are made using the digits 4, 5,
(i) P (red ball) 9 (without repetition). If a number among them is
(ii) P (blue ball) selected at random, what is the probability that the
(iii) P (blue ball if of 5 extra red balls are actually number will :
added) (i) be a multiple of 5 ?


Ans : [Board Term-2, 2015] (ii) be a multiple of 9 ?
(iii) will end with 9 ?
Total ball, n (S) = 15

Ans : [Board Term-2, 2014]

Blue ball n (B) = x Total number of three digit numbers are 459, 495, 549,
594, 945 and 954. Thus we have 6 possible outcomes.
Red ball n (R) = 15 − x
Now probability of drawing red ball, n (S) = 6
(i) be a multiple of 5
Page 508 Probability Chap 15

Multiple of 5 are 495 and 945. product is a perfect square.

n (E1) = 2

Ans : [Board Term-2 OD Compt. 2017]

P (multiple of 5), There are 36 possible outcomes of rolling two dices.

n (E1) n (S) = 36
P (E1) = =2=1
n (S) 6 3 Favourable outcome are (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4) (5, 5),
(ii) be a multiple of 9 (6, 6), (1, 1), (4, 1) and (1, 4).
All are multiple of 9. Number of favourable outcomes
n (E2) = 6 n (E) = 8

P (multiple of 9), P (product is a prefect square),

n ^E2h 6
n (E)
= 8 =2
P ^E2h =
P (E) =
n (S) 36 9
n ^S h 6
= =1

(iii) will end with 9 157.A box contains 125 shirts of which 110 are good 12
Numbers 459 and 549 ends with 9. have minor defects and 3 have major defects. Ram Lal
will buy only those shirts which are good while Naveen
n (E3) = 2 will reject only those which have major defects. A
P (ending with 9), shirt is taken out at random from the box. Find the
n ^E2h probability that :
P ^E3h = =2=1
n ^S h 6 3 (i) Ram Lal will buy it
(ii) Naveen will buy it
155.A number x is selected at random from the numbers
1, 2, 3 and 4. Another number y is selected at random

Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2017]

from the numbers 1, 4, 9 and 16. Find the probability For both case total shirt,
that product of x and y is less than 16.
n (S) = 125


Ans : [Board Term-2 OD 2016]
(i) Ram Lal will buy it
We have, Ramlal will buy only a good shirt.
Total possible outcome are 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 8, 9, 12, No. of all possible outcomes,
16, 16, 18, 27, 32, 36 48 and 64 which are shown in
following table. n (E1) = 110

# 1 2 3 4 P (Ramlal will buy a shirt),

1 1 2 3 4 n (E1)
P (E1) = = 110 = 22
n (S) 125 25
4 4 8 12 16
9 9 18 27 36 (ii) Naveen will buy it
Naveen will reject the shirt which have major defects
16 16 32 48 64 and will buy all other shirts.
No. of favourable outcomes,
There are 16 possible outcomes,
n (E2) = 125 − 3 = 122
n (S) = 16
P (Naveen will buy the shirt)
Total favourable number having product less than 16
n ^E2h
P ^E2h =
are 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 8, 9 and 12.
= 122
Number of favourable outcomes n ^S h 125
n (E) = 8 158.The king, queen and jack of clubs are removed from
a deck of 52 cards. The remaining cards are mixed
P (product of x and y is less than 16), together and then a card is drawn at random from it.
n ^E h Find the probability of getting
P ^E h = = 8 =1
n ^S h 16 2 (i) a face card,
(ii) a card of heart,
156.Two different dice are rolled together once. Find the (iii) a card of clubs
probability of numbers coming on the tops whose (iv) a queen of diamond
Chap 15 Probability Page 509

Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi Compt. 2017] No. of favourable outcomes,

There are 52 − 3 = 49 cards in deck. Thus we have 44 n (E2) = 18
possible outcomes.
P (a disc with a number divisible by 5)
n ^E2h
n (S) = 49
P ^E2h = = 18 = 1
(i) a face card, n ^S h 90 5
Number of face cards, n (E1) = 12 − 3 = 9
160.Two different dice are thrown together. Find the
n (E1)
P (a face card), P (E1) = = 9 probability that the numbers obtained have
n (S) 49 (i) even sum, and
(ii) a card of heart, (ii) even product.
No. of card of heart in the deck

Ans :
n (E2) = 13 There are 36 possible outcomes of rolling two dices.
n ^E2h
P ^E2h =
n (S) = 36
= 13
n ^S h
P (a card of heart),
49 (i) even sum
(iii) a card of clubs Favourable outcome are (1, 3), (1, 5), (1, 1), (2, 2),
Number of cards of clubs (2, 4), (2, 6), (3, 1) (3, 3), (3, 5), (4, 2), (4, 4), (4, 6),
(5, 1), (5, 3) (5, 5) (6, 2), (6, 4) and (6, 6).
n (E3) = 13 − 3 = 10
Number of favourable outcomes,
n ^E3h
P ^E3h = = 10 n (E1) = 18
n ^S h
P (a card of clubs),
49
P (even sum),
(iv) a queen of diamond.
n (E1)
There is only one queen of diamond. P (E1) = = 18 = 1 or 0.5
n (S) 36 2
n (E 4) = 1
(ii) even product
n ^E 4h
P (queen of diamond), P ^E 4h =
Favourable outcome are (1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 6), (2, 1),
= 1
n ^S h 49 (2,2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6), (3, 2), (3, 4), (3, 6),
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6), (5, 2) (5, 4),
159.A box contains 90 discs which are numbered 1 to 90. (5, 6), (6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5) and (6, 6).
If one disc is drawn at random from the box, find the Number of favourable outcomes
probability that it bears
n (E2) = 27
(i) a two digit number,
(ii) number divisible by 5. P (have a product less than 16),
n ^E2h
P ^E2h =


Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2017]
= 27 = 3 = 0.75
n ^S h 36 4
Total number of discs in the box are 90.
Thus we have 90 possible outcomes. Probability of getting even product is 3 or 0.75.
4
n (S) = 90 161.From a deck of 52 playing cards, Jacks and kings of
(i) a two digit number, red colour and Queen and Aces of black colour are
Discs with two digit number are 10, 11, .....89 and 90 removed. The remaining cards are mixed and a card
which are 81 numbers. is drown at random. Find the probability that the
No. of favourable outcomes, drawn card is
(i) a black queen
n (E1) = 81
(ii) a card of red colour
P (a disc with two digit number) (iii) a Jack of black colour
n (E1) (iv) a face card
P (E1) = = 81 = 9
n (S) 90 10

Ans : [Board Term-2 OD Compt 2017]
(ii) number divisible by 5
There are 52 − ^2 + 2 + 2 + 2h = 44 cards in deck.
The numbers divisible by 5 between 1 to 90 are 5, 10,
15 ..... 85 and 90 which are 18 numbers. Thus we have 44 possible outcomes.
Page 510 Probability Chap 15

n (S) = 44 n (E1)
P (E1) = = 50 = 1
(i) a black queen n (S) 100 2
Number of black Queens in the deck, (ii) A number which is a multiple of 13
n (E1) = 0 Numbers multiples of 13, 26, 39, 52, 65, 78 and 91.
No. of favourable outcomes,
P (getting a black queen),
n (E2) = 7
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 0 =0 P (card taken out has multiple of 13),
n (S) 44
n ^E2h
P ^E2h =
Hence it is an impossible event
= 7
(ii) a card of red colour n ^S h 100
Number of red cards, (iii) a perfect square number
n (E2) = 26 − 4 = 22 Perfect square number in 1 to 100 are 1, 4, 9, 16, 25,
36, 49, 64, 81 and 100.
P (getting a red card),
No. of all favourable outcomes,
n ^E2h
P ^E2h = = 22 = 1 n (E3) = 10
n ^S h 44 2
(iii) a Jack of black colour P (perfect square number),
Number of Jacks (black), n ^E3h
P ^E3h = = 10 = 1
n (E3) = 2 n ^S h 100 10
P (getting a black coloured Jack), (iv) a prime number less than 20
n ^E3h Prime numbers less than 20 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17
P ^E3h = = 2 = 1
n ^S h 44 22 and 19.
No. of all favourable outcomes,
(iv) a face card
Number of face cards in the deck, n (E 4) = 8

n (E 4) = 12 − 6 = 6 P (prime number less than 20),

n ^E 4h
P ^E 4h =
P (getting a face card),
= 8 = 2
n ^E 4h n ^S h 100 25
P ^E 4h = = 6 = 3
n ^S h 44 22
163.A bag contains 20 balls out of which x balls are red.
162.Cards on which numbers 1, 2, 3 .......... 100 are written (i) If one ball is drawn at random from the bag, find
(one number on one card and no number is repeated), the probability that it is not red.
put in a bag and are mixed thoroughly. A card is (ii) If 4 more red balls are out into the bag, the
drawn at random from the bag. Find the probability probability of drawing a red ball will be 54 times
that card taken out has the probability of drawing a red ball in the first
(i) an even number case. Find the value of x .
(ii) a number which is a multiple of 13.

Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2015]

(iii) a perfect square number.

Total ball, n (S) = 20
(iv) a prime number less than 20.


Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi Compt 2017] Red ball n (R) = x

There are 100 cards in bags. Thus we have 100 possible (i) not red
outcomes. n (R)
P (red ball), P (R) = = x
n (S) 20
n (S) = 100
(i) an even number P (no red ball),
Even numbers 1 to 100 are 50. P (R ) = 1 − x = 20 − x ...(1)
20 20
Number of favourable outcomes,
(ii) Now two more red balls are added.
n (E1) = 50
Total ball nl (S) = 20 + 4 = 24
P (an even number),
Chap 15 Probability Page 511

There are total x + 4 red ball. (ii) a perfect square number.

nl (R) = x + 4

Ans : [Board Term-2, 2015)

nl (R) Total cards n (S) = 25

P (red balls), Pl (R) = = x+4
nl (S) 24 (i) divisible by 3 or 5
Now, according to the question, Number divisible by 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 16, 21, 24,
x+4 = 5 x and number divisible by 5 are 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25.
24 4 # 20 Thus number divisible by 3 or 5,
x+4 = x
16 n (E1) = 12
24
P (divisible by 3 or 5),
16x + 64 = 24x
n (E1)
P (E1) = = 12
64 = 8x & x = 8 n (S) 25
For first case, substituting x = 8 in equation (1) we (ii) a perfect square number.
have Perfect square number are 1, 4, 9, 16 and 25.
P (R ) = 20 − 8 = 12 = 3 n (E2) = 5
20 20 5
P (a perfect square no.),
164.In Figure a disc on which a player spins an arrow
n ^E2h
twice. The fraction ab is formed, where a is the number P ^E2h = = 5 =1
of sector on which arrow stops on the first spin and ‘b’ n ^S h 25 5
is the number of the sector in which the arrow stops 166.A dice is rolled twice. Find the probability that :
on second spin, On each spin, each sector has equal (i) 5 will not come up either time.
chance of selection by the arrow.
(ii) 5 will come up exactly one time.
Find the probability that the fraction ab > 1


Ans : [Board Term-2 Delhi 2014]

When a dice is rolled twice, total number of outcomes,

n (S) = 62 = 36
There are 25 outcomes when 5 not come up either
time.
Thus n (E1) = 25


Ans : [Board Term-2 Foreign 2016]
P (5 will not come up either time),
For ab > 1, when a = 1, b can not take any value.
n (E1)
For a = 2 , b can take 1 value i.e. 1. P (E1) = = 25
n (S) 36
For a = 3 , b can take 2 values, i.e. 1 and 2.
For a = 4, b can take 3 values i.e. 1, 2, and 3. (ii) 5 will come up exactly one time.
For a = 5, b can take 4 values i.e. 1, 2, 3 and 4. Possible outcomes are (1, 5), (2, 5), (3, 5), (4, 5),
For a = 6, b can take 5 values i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 (5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 6) and (6, 5).
Total possible outcomes, n (E2) = 10
n (S) = 36 P (5 will come up exactly one time)
n ^E2h 10
P ^E2h =
Favourable outcomes,
= 5
n ^S h 36 18
=
n (E) = 0 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15

p d a > 1n ,
n (E)
P (E) = = 15 = 5
b n (S) 36 12

165.A bag contains 25 cards numbered from 1 to 25.

A card is drawn at random from the bag. Find the
probability that the number on the drawn card is :
(i) divisible by 3 or 5