Conjugate Beam Method Notes

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Slope and Deflection of

Determinate Beams by
Conjugate Beam Method
Theorem 1: Slope
The slope of a certain point in the real
beam is equal to the shear of that point in
the conjugate beam.

Theorem 2: Deflection
The deflection of a certain point in the real
beam is equal to the moment of that point
in the conjugate beam.
Properties of Conjugate Beam
1. The length of a conjugate beam is always equal
to the length of the actual beam.

2. The load on the conjugate beam is the


M
diagram of the loads on the actual beam.
EI

3. A simple support for the real beam remains


simple support for the conjugate beam.
Properties of Conjugate Beam
4. A fixed end for the real beam becomes free end
for the conjugate beam.

5. The fixed point of zero shear for the conjugate


beam corresponds to a point of zero slope for the
real beam.

6. The point of maximum moment for the


conjugate beam corresponds to a point of
maximum deflection for the real beam.
Supports of Conjugate Beam
Real Beam Support Conjugate Beam Support
Steps of the Analysis:
1. Assign a letter to every change of loading and support.
2. Solve the magnitude of the reactions of the real beam.
3. Draw the moment by parts at the most convenient point and/or at the point
where deflection is asked.
90kN
35 kN
A 30kN/m D
1 m B1 m C 3m
55 𝐑
kN𝐀 210 𝐑
70𝐃 kN

110


35 2°
135
Steps of the Analysis:
4. Draw the conjugate beam and evaluate the supports.
5. Load the moment diagram by parts to the conjugate beam. Rules of sign:
upward direction for positive (+) moment and downward if otherwise.
6. Solve the magnitude of the reactions of the conjugate beam.
7. Solve the shear and moment of the conjugate beam by cutting through the
points at which slope and deflection are asked in the real beam.
𝟐𝟏𝟎 𝐤𝐍𝐦
𝟑𝟏𝟓 𝐤𝐍𝐦𝟐
𝟏𝟏𝟎 𝐤𝐍𝐦𝟐 𝐄𝐈
𝐄𝐈
𝐄𝐈
𝟏𝟏𝟎 𝐤𝐍𝐦 1°
𝐄𝐈

A B C D
𝐑′𝐀𝟐
𝟏𝟑𝟒. 𝟐𝟓 𝐤𝐍𝐦 1°
𝟑𝟓𝐤𝐍𝐦 𝐑′
𝟏𝟑𝟖.𝐃𝟐𝟓𝐤𝐍𝐦𝟐
𝐄𝐈

𝐄𝐈 𝐄𝐈
𝟏𝟕. 𝟓 𝐤𝐍𝐦𝟐
𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝐤𝐍𝐦
𝐄𝐈
𝐄𝐈 𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝐤𝐍𝐦𝟐
𝐄𝐈
A’ B’ C’ D’
1m 1m 3m
Example 1
Solve the deflection at the free end for a 12” x
28” rectangular beam.
15 kips 4 kips

9kpf
1ft 3ft 1ft
Example 2

Determine the slope at the right support


and deflection at the free end. Assume
constant EI.

50 kN
15kN/m
1m 1m 2m 2m

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