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Digestive System2

The document discusses the histology of the small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder and pancreas. It describes the four main layers of the small intestine - mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and adventitia. It also notes modifications like folds and microvilli that increase the small intestine's absorptive surface area.

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9 views23 pages

Digestive System2

The document discusses the histology of the small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder and pancreas. It describes the four main layers of the small intestine - mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and adventitia. It also notes modifications like folds and microvilli that increase the small intestine's absorptive surface area.

Uploaded by

abdoatefelsadany
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Histology of Digestive System

Part two
Small Intestine, Large intestine, Liver, Gallbladder and Pancreas

By
Dr. MAKARIM AL-ZUBAIDI. PhD-UK
The small intestine is composed of three structural parts which are the duodenum, the
jejunum and the ileum.
Histology
The histological structure of the small intestine is similar to the other organs in the
digestive tract. There are four main layers:

Mucosa (Innermost layer) – Contains the epithelium, lamina propria and muscularis
mucosae.

Submucosa – Connective tissue layer, which contains blood vessels, lymphatics and the
submucosal plexus.

Muscularis externa – Consists of two smooth muscle layers; the outer longitudinal layer
and inner circular layer. The myenteric plexus lies between them.

Adventitia (Outermost layer) – Comprised of loosely arranged fibroblasts and collagen,


with the vessels and nerves passing through it. The majority of the small intestine
adventitia is covered by mesothelium and is commonly called the serosa.
The small intestine is the major absorptive site in the gastrointestinal tract, and therefore
has a number of modifications to aid its function.

The mucosa and submucosa form large numbers of folds (or plicae) arranged in a circular
fashion in the lumen (therefore called plicae circulares). Additionally, the plicae
contain microvilli to further increase the surface area, which increases absorption
Appendix
The anal canal
Definition: it is then lower part of the large intestine and its function to give passage for
the feces out side the body
A- Stroma
B- Parenchyma
The parenchymal tissue of the liver is formed of
1-Hepatocytes
2-Blood Vessels
3- Bile ducts
Good Luck and Thank you

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