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Vector Algebra
Exam Duration: 45 Mins Total Questions : 30

1)

The position vectors of points A, B, C are i+j+k, i+2j+3k and 2i-j+k. The △ABC is

(a)

an isoceles triangle

(b)

an equilateral triangle

(c)

a scalene triangle

(d)

a right angled triangle.

Solution :

→
AB = P.V. of B - P.V. of A
= (i + 2j + 3k) - (i + j + k) = j + 2k
→
BC= P.V. of C - P.V.of B
= (2i - j + k) - (i + j + k) = i - 2j
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→
CA = P.V. or C - P.V. of A
= (2i-j+k)-(i+j+k) = i - 2j

||
→
AB = √1 2 + 2 2 = √ 5

||
→
BC = √1 2 + 3 2 + 2 2 = √14

||
→
CA = √1 2 + 2 2 = √ 5
Hence the given triangle is isosceles.
2)

Three vectors →
a,
→
b, c are inclined to each other at an angle of 60 ∘ , |→
→
a | = 1, |b | = 2
→
and | c | = 3,
→

→ →
then value of (2→
a + 3 b − 5→
c). (4→
a − 6 b + 10→
c) is

(a)

167

(b)

-167

(c)

334

(d)

-334

Solution :
→ →
(2→
a + 3 b - 5→ c).(4→a - 6 b + 10→ c)
→ 2 → → → → →
= 8 | a | − 12 a. b + 20 a. c + 12→
→ → →
a. b − 12 | b | 2 − 30 b. →
c − 20→
a. →
c + 30 b. → c|2
c − 50 | →
→ →
= 8|→ a | 2 + 60 b. →
c − 18 | b | 2 − 50 | →
c|2
→ → →
Now, b. c = | b | | → c | cos60 o
1
=2x3x 2 =3
→ →
ஃ (2→a + 3 b - 5→
c).(4→
a - 6 b + 10→
c)
2 3
= 8.1 + 60.3 - 18.2 - 50.9
= 8 + 180 - 72 - 450 = -334

3)
→
If →
a = 3i − k, b = i + 2j are adjacent sides of parallelogram, then its area is

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(a)
1
2 √17
(b)
1
2 √14
(c)

√41
(d)
1
2 √7
Solution :
→
Area of the parallelogram = |→
a × b|

| |
i j k
→
a×b= 3
Now, → 0 − 1 = 2i - j + 6k.
1 2 0

∵ Area = |2i - j + 6k| = √2 2 + 1 2 + 6 2 = √41

4)
→ → →
The value of →
a × (b × →
c) + b × (→
c×→
a) + →
c × (→
a × b) is equal to

(a)

→ →
a+b+→
c

(b)

→ →
a−b−→
c

(c)

→ →
a−b+→
c

(d)

Solution :

The given expression on expansion gives

→ → → → → →
(→
a. →
c) − (→
a. b)→
c + ( b. →
c)→
c − ( b. →
c)→
a + (→
c. b)→
a − (→
c. b)→
a − (→
c. →
a) b

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→ → → → → → → → → →
= ( a. c) b − ( a. b) c + (→
a. b)→
c − ( b. →
c)→
a + ( b. →
c)→
a − (→
a. →
c) b = 0
5)

The work done by the force given by 2i-3j+4k in displacing a particle from the point (2, 3, -4) to (7, 6, 5) is

(a)

-11

(b)

-12

(c)

-13

(d)

-14

Solution :
→ →
Let A = 2i − 3j + 4k, B = 7i + 6j + 5k
AB = (7i+6j+5k) - (2i-3j+4k)
→
→
Work done = F. AB
= (2i-3j+4k).(5i+9j+k)
= 10 - 27 + 4 = -13.

6)

A particle acted by on constant forces 4î + ĵ − 3k̂ and 3î + ĵ − k̂ is displaced from the point î + 2ĵ − 3k̂ to the
point 5î + 4ĵ + k̂. The total work done by the forces, is

(a)

20 units

(b)

30 units

(c)

40 units

(d)

50 units

Solution :

The force acting on the particle is

F = (4î + ĵ − 3k̂) + (3î + ĵ − k̂)
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→
F = 7î + 2ĵ − 4k̂
→ → → → → → →
Displacement d = (5 i + 4 j + k) − ( i + 2 j + 3 k)
→ → → → → → → →
Work done = F. d = (7 i + 2 j − 4 k) - ( i + 2 j + 3 k)
= 28 + 4 + 8 = 40 units
Hence, the correct alternative is (c).
7)

Forces 2i+7j, 2i-5j+6k, -i+2j-k act on a point P whose position vector is 4i-3j-2k. The magnitude of the moment
of three forces acting at P about the point Q whose position vector is 6i+j-3k is

(a)

√671
(b)

√761
(c)

√861
(d)

NONE OF THESE

Solution :
→
R = Resultant of the forces
= (2i + 7j) + (2i - 5j + 6k) + (-i + 2j - k)
= 3i + 4j + 5k
→
→
PQ = P.V of Q - P.V of → p
= (6i + j - 3k) - (4i - 3j - 2k)
= 2i + 4j - k.
→ →
Moment = PQxR

| |
i j k
= ​​ − 2 4 − 1 =24i = 13j - 4k
3 4 5
Magnitude of the moment
√
= 24 2 + (13) 2 + ( − 4) 2

= √24 2 + (13) 2 + ( − 4) 2
= √761

8)

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a is non-zero vector, and |k→

If → a | = 1, the value of k is

(a)
1
→
a

(b)
1

|a |
→

(c)
1
±
|a |→

(d)

NONE OF THESE

Solution :

→
Since, | ka | = 1
or ± k | →
a| = 1
1
or k = ± | a | ​→

9)

|
If →
→
a×b = → | | |→
a. b , then angle between →
a and b is
→

(a)

30 ∘

(b)

45 ∘

(c)

60 ∘

(d)

None of these

Solution :
→
Let θ be the angle between →
a and b
→ → → →
a × b = | a | | b | sinθη̂

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→ → →
a. b = | → a | | b | cosθ
→ →
ஃ Now | → a × b | = |→ a. b |
→ →
ஃ |→ a | | b | | sinθ | = | →
a | | b | | cosθ
ஃ tanθ = 1
θ = 45°
10 )
→
If →
a = î + aĵ + k̂, b = ĵ + ak̂, →
c = aî + k̂, then value of a for which volume of parallelopiped formed by
these three vectors as coterminous edges, is minimum

(a)

√3
(b)
1
3

(c)
1

√3

(d)

Solution :
→
Let angle between →
a and b be θ
→ → →
v =→ a × b = |→ a | b | | sin θn̂ = (1)(1)sinθη̂
→
ஃ | v̂ | = | sinθ | ( | →
a | | b | = 1)
→ →
Now, → u=→ a − (|→ a | | b | cosθ) b
→ →
=→a − bcosθ ( ∵ | → a | = | b | = 1)
→ →
u) 2 = →
(→ u. →
u = (→ a − bcosθ). (→ a − bcosθ)
→ →
= |→a | 2 − 2→a. bcosθ + | b | 2cos 2θ
→ →
u|2 = →
|→ u. →
u = (→
a − bcosθ). (→
a − bcosθ)
2 2 2
= 1 - 2cos θ + cos θ + cos θ = 1

11 )

→ → →
a, b, c are three unit vectors, â and b̂ are perpendicular to each other and vector ĉ is equally inclined to both
→
â and b̂ at an angle θ. If ĉ = α→a + β b + γ(â × b̂), where α, β, γ are constants, then

(a)

α = β = − cosθ, γ 2 = cos 2θ

(b)
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α = β = cosθ, γ 2 = cos2θ
(c)

α = β = cosθ, γ 2 = − cos2θ

(d)

α = β = − cosθ, γ 2 = − cosθ
Solution :

→ →
a, b = 0 ......(i)
→
(→
a and b are perpendicular)
â. ĉ = cosθ
or â. {αâ + βb̂ + λ(â × b̂)}
or α. (â + â) + β(â. b̂) + γ{â. (â × b̂} = cosθ
or α = cosθ
( ∵ â. â = 1, â. b̂ = 0 â. (â × b̂) = 0)
Again, b̂. ĉ = cosθ
Proceeding like above β = cosθ
∴ α = β = cosθ . . . . (ii)
Again | | â × b̂ | = | â | | b̂ | sin90° = 1 ( ∵ â⊥b̂)
| ĉ | 2 = α 2 + β 2 + γ 2
or α 2 + β 2 + γ 2 = 1
or γ 2 = 1 − 2cos 2θ = − cos2θ .......(iii)
From (ii) and (iii)
α = β = cosθ, γ 2 = − cos2θ
Hence, the correct alternative is (c).
12 )

The two vectors a = 2î + 3ĵ + k̂and b = î + 2ĵ − k̂, then the projection of b on a is

(a)
7

√14

(b)
6

√14

(c)
5

√14

(d)
3

√14
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Solution :
a.b 7
Projection of b on a = |a| =
√14
13 )

The vectors a = 2î + ĵ − 2k̂, b = î + ĵ. If c is a vector such that a.c =|c| and |c − a| = 2√2 , angle between aXb
and c is 45o , then |(aXb)Xc| is

(a)

(b)

√3
2

(c)

3√ 2

(d)

None of these

Solution :

|a|2 = 9 ⇒ |b|2 = 2
ஃ | c − a | 2 = | c | 2 + | a | 2 − 2c. a = 8
⇒ |c|2 + 9 - 2|c| = 8 ⇒ (|c|-1)2 = 0 ⇒ |c| = 1

| |
∧ ∧ ∧
i j k ∧ ∧ ∧
Now, a x b = 2 1 −2 = 2i − 2j + k
1 1 0
⇒ |a × b| = 3

() 1 3√ 2
∴ | (a × b) × c | = | a × b | | c | sin45° = 3(1) = 2
√2

14 )

If u,v and w are three non - coplanar vectors, then (u+v-w).[(u-v)X(v-w)] equals

(a)

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(b)

u.v X w

(c)

u.w X v

(d)

3u.v X w
Solution :

(u + v − w). [(u − v) × (v − w)]

= (u + v − w). [u × v − u × w − v × v + v × w]
= u. u × v − u. u × w + u. v × w + v. u × v − v. u × w + v. v × w − w. u × v + w. u × w − w. v × w
= u. v × w − v. u × w − w. u × v [other terms are zero]
= u. v × w + w. u × v − w. u × v = u. v × w
15 )
→ →
If →
a×b=→
c and b × →
c =→
a, then

(a)

| a | = 1, | b | = | c |
→ → →

(b)

| c | = 1, |a | = 1
→ →

(c)

|b | = 2, | b | = 2 |a |
→ → →

(d)

|b | = 1, | c | = |a |
→ → →

Solution :
→
We have, →a×b=→ c
→ → →
⇒ c is ⊥ to a and b
→
and b × →c =→ a
→
⇒ a is ⊥ to b and →
→
c
→
⇒ →a, b, →
care mutually perpendicular
→
Again a × b = →
→
c

|a × b | = | c |
→ → →

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= |→ ||
a | b . sin90 ∘ = |→
→
c|

|a | |b | = | c |
→ → →
⇒

Also, b × c = | a |
→ → →

|b | | c |sin 90 ∘ = |a |
→ → →

⇒ |b | | c | = |a |
→ → →
........(ii)
From Eqs.(i) and (ii), we get
∴ | b |2 = 1 ( ∵
→
|c | ≠ 0)
→

or |b | = 1
→

⇒ |a | = | c |
→ →

16 )
→ → → →
If →
a + b+ →
c are unit vectors such that →
a + b+ →
c = 0, then the value of →
a. b + b. →
c+→
c. →
a is

(a)

(b)

(c)

-3/2

(d)

none of these

Solution :
→ →
a + b + b) 2 = 0
(→
→ → →
a) 2 + ( b) 2 + (→
∴ (→ c) 2 + 2(→
a. b + b. →
c+→
c. →
a) = 0
→ → 1
⇒→
a. b + b. →
c+→
c. →
a = − 2 (1 + 1 + 1)
3
=− 2

17 )
→ → →
→
a and b are unit vectors and | b | = 4 with →
a × b = 2→
a×→
c The angle between → c is cos-1 (1/4). Then
a and →
→
b − 2→
c = λ→
a, if λ is

(a)

3
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(b)

1/4

(c)

-4

(d)

-1/4
Solution :

Given, | →
a | = 1, | →
c| = 1
→
and |b| = 4
→ →
and a × b = 2→ a×→
c
Since, angle between a and c is cos-1 (1/4)
→ →

1 1
→ →
∴ a. c = | →
a | |→
c | 4 = 1.1. 4
1
→ →
⇒ a. c = 4
→
and b − 2→ c = λ→a
→
or b = 2→ c + λ→
a
Squaring b = 4 c + λ 2 a2 +4 λ →
2 2 c. →
a
⇒ 2
16 = 4 + λ + λ
⇒ λ 2 + λ + 12 = 0
∴ (λ + 4)(λ − 3) = 0
⇒ λ = − 4, 3
18 )
→
Let the unit vector →
a and b be perpendicular to each other and the unit vectors →
c be inclined at an angle θ to
→ → → → → → →
both a and b. If c = x a + y b + z( a × b) then

(a)

x = cosθ, y = sinθ, z = cos2θ

(b)

x = sinθ, y = cosθ, z = − cos2θ

(c)

x = y = cosθ, z 2 = cos2θ

(d)

x = y = cosθ, z = − cos2θ

Solution :

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→ → →
Given a. b = 0 and | → a | = 1, | b | = 1
and also given
→ →
a. c = | →
a | |→
c | cosθ = cosθ
→ → →
and b. c = | b | | →
c | cosθ = cosθ
→ →
and c = x a + y b + z(→
→ →
a × b). . . (i)
→ →
⇒→ a. →
c = x(→a. →a) + y( b. →
a) + z→a. (→
a × b)
⇒ cosθ = x.1 + 0 + 0
∴ x = cosθ. . . (ii)
From Eq(i)
→ → → → → → →
b. c = z(→a. b) + y( b. b) + z b. (→
a × b)
⇒ y = cosθ. . . (iii)
and → c = x2 + y2 + z2
c. →
⇒ 1 = 2cos 2θ + z 2
∴ z 2 = − cos 22θ
19 )

→ → → →
Consider a tetrahedran with faces Fl, F2, F3, F4 Let V 1, V 2, V 3, V 4be the vectors whose magnitudes are
respectively equal to areas of Fl , F2 ,F3, F4 and whose directions are perpendicular to their faces in outward

| |
→ → → →
direction. Then V 1, V 2, V 3, V 4 , equals

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

None of these

Solution :

We have
→ 1 1 →
→
V 1 = 2 (→
a × b)V 2 = 2 ( b × →
c)
→ 1
V 3 = 3 (→
c×→ a)
→ 1 →
and V 4 = 2 {( c − a) × (b − →
→ →
a)}

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→ → → →
→
∴ V1 + V2 + V3 + V4 = 0

| |
→ → → →
→
∴ V1 + V2 + V3 + V4 = 0

20 )
→
If →
a = î + ĵ + k̂, b = 4î + 3ĵ + 4k̂ and →
c = 5î + αĵ − βk̂are linearly dependent vectors of

(a)

α = 1, β = − 1

(b)

α = 1, β = ± 1

(c)

α = − 1, β = ± 1

(d)

α = ± 1, β = 1

Solution :
→ →
If →
a, b, →
c are linearly dependent vectors, then →
c should be linearation combination of →
a and b.
→
Let →c = p→a + qb

( ) (
i.e.,î + αĵ + βk̂ = p î + ĵ + k̂ + q 4î + 3ĵ + 4k̂ )
Equating co efficients of î, ĵ, k̂ we get
1=p+4q,α=p+3q, β=p+4q
From first and third, β = 1
Now, |→
c| = √3 ⇒ 1 + α 2 + β 2 = 3
⇒ 1 + α2 + 1 = 3 ⇒ α = ± 1
Hence, α = ± 1, β = 1

21 )

The vector î + xĵ + 3k̂ is rotated through a n angle θ and doubled in magnitude, then it becomes
4î + (4x − 2)ĵ + 2k̂ . The value of x is

(a)

{ }
2
− 3, 2

(b)

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{ }
1
− 3, 2

(c)

{ }
2
3
,2

(d)

{2, 7}
Solution :

| | | →
We have, 2 î + xĵ + 3k̂ = 4 i + (4x − 2)ĵ + 2k̂ |
⇒ 2 1 + x2 + 9 =
√ √4 2 + (4x − 2) 2 + 2 2
( )
⇒ 4 x 2 + 10 = 16 + 16x 2 + 4 − 16x + 4
⇒ 12x − 16x − 16 = 0 ⇒ 3x 2 − 4x − 4 = 0
2

⇒ (3x + 2)(x − 2) = 0
2
⇒ x = 2, − 3
22 )

→
a and b are two vectors inclined to x-axis at angles 300 and 1200 respectively, then →
If → a + b equals | →
|
(a)

√ 3

(b)

√2
(c)

√3
(d)

Solution :

→
π
Clearly, the angle between →
a and b = 2
→
⇒→
a. b = 0
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∴ |→
a + b |2 = |→
a |2 + b | |2 + 2a. b = 1 + 1 + 0 = 2
→ → →

⇒ | a + b | = √2
→ →

23 )

The dot product of a vector with the vectors î + ĵ − 3k̂, î + 3ĵ − 2k̂ are 0,5 and 8 respectively, find the vector

(a)

^
î + 2j + k̂

(b)

^
− î + 3j − 2k̂

(c)

^
î + 2j + 3k̂

(d)

^
î − 3j − 3k̂

Solution :

Let the required vector be →

v = xî + yĵ + zk̂
→
( )
v î + ĵ − 3k̂ = 0 ⇒ x + y − 3z = 0 ...(i)

v (î + 3ĵ − 2k̂ ) = 5 ⇒ x + 3y − 2z = 5

→
...(ii)

and v (2î + ĵ + 4k̂ ) = 8 ⇒ 2x + y + 4z = 8

→
...(iii)
On solving (i), (ii) and (iii), we get is x=1, y=2,z=1.
Hence, the required vector is → v = xî + yĵ + 2k̂ = î + 2ĵ + k̂

24 )
→ → →
If →
a = (1, p, 1), b = (q, 2, 2), →
a. b = r and →
a × b = (0, − 3, 3)then find the value of p,q,r respectively

(a)

1,5,9

(b)

9,5,1

(c)

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5,1,9
(d)

None of these
Solution :

→
(
Given, . b = r ⇒ î + pĵ + k̂ . qî + 2ĵ + 2k̂)( )
⇒ q + 2p + 2 = r
→
and →
a × b = 0î − 3ĵ + 3k̂
⇒ (2p − 2)î + ĵ(q − 2) + k̂(2 − pq) = 0î − 3ĵ + 3k̂
⇒ 2p − 2 = 0; q − 2 = − 3 and 2 − pq = 3
⇒ p = 1, q = − 1

∴ From eq.(i), r=3

25 )
→ →
Let →
a = î − k̂, b = xî + ĵ + (1 − x)k̂ and →
c = yî + xĵ + (1 + x − y)k̂. Then, [→
a b→
c] depends on

(a)

neither x nor y

(b)

both x and y

(c)

only x

(d)

only y

Solution :

| |
1 0 −1
|a b c | =
→→→ x 1 1−x
y x 1+x−y
Applying C3 → C3 + C1, we get

| |
1 0 −1
x 1 1 = 1[(1 + x) − x] = 1
y x 1+x
→
Thus, [→
a b→
c] depends upon neither x nor y.

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