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Sub 3

This document provides a calculation of loads for the design of a bridge substructure. It calculates dead loads, live loads, earth pressures, seismic loads, and other loads. Dead loads include self-weight of various structural elements. Live loads include traffic and braking forces. Earth pressures are calculated for dry and saturated soil conditions. Seismic loads are calculated according to code provisions.

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HARISANKAR S
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
18 views13 pages

Sub 3

This document provides a calculation of loads for the design of a bridge substructure. It calculates dead loads, live loads, earth pressures, seismic loads, and other loads. Dead loads include self-weight of various structural elements. Live loads include traffic and braking forces. Earth pressures are calculated for dry and saturated soil conditions. Seismic loads are calculated according to code provisions.

Uploaded by

HARISANKAR S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ref Calculation Remark

Load Calculation

Dead Loads
150
Running Section
100
No b D Area
Top Flange 1 650 150 97500
Top Haunch 2 175 100 17500
Web 1 1050 300 315000 800 300 1400
Bottom Haunch 2 175 150 26250
Bot Flange 1 650 200 130000
586250
Self weight = 0.58625 x 25
150
= 14.7 kN/m
200
650

Slab

Thickness of slab = 200 mm


2
Self weight of slab = 5 kN/m
Total Load of slab on abutment = 1080 kN
Self weight of pedestal

Size of Pedestal = 0.7 x 0.7 m


Depth of pedestal = 0.35 m
Total Weight of 1 pedestal = 4.2875 kN
Total Weight of all pedestals = 17.15 kN

Self weight of abutment cap

Selfweight of corbel = 2.81 kN/m


Selfweight of dirt wall = 12.6 kN/m
Self weight of abutment cap = 14.55 kN/m
Total Load = 174.6 kN

Self weight of abutment

Maximum height of abutment = 4.571 m


Weight of abutment = 137.13 kN/m
Total weight of abutment = 1645.56 kN

Self weight of footing

Size of footing = 4.5 x 12.6 m


Depth of footing = 1.25 m
Self weight of footing = 140.625 kN/m
Total Weight of footing = 1771.875 kN

Self weight of Crash barrier


Weight per m of Crash barrier
2
Cross sec Area = 0.32 m
Wt / m = 8.0 kN/m per beam
Selfweight of Hand rail

Verticals 200 x 200 at a spacing 2000 mm C/C


Horizontals 200 x 200 3 nos
Weight per m = 4.5 kN/m

Selfweight of Footpath

Thickness of PCC = 0.3 m


2
Weight of PCC = 0.3 x 25 = 7.50 kN/m

Self weight of wearing coat

Thickness of WC = 0.065 m
2
Weight of WC = 0.065 x 20 = 1.30 kN/m

Live Load

Live Load as per IRC 6 - 2017 is considered for the design of the superstructure and sub structure. As per table
6A of IRC 6 - 2017, for bridges with carriageway width between 5.3m and 9.6m, 2 Lane Class A loading or 1
Lane 70R loading is to be considered. The same is modelled in the versatile finite element software STAAD Pro
V8i. Impact factor is calculated as per Cl 208.2 of IRC 6-2017 and is applied as a scale factor into the model

1 Impact factor
Class 70R
Tracked Vehicles = 10%
Wheeled Vehicles = 19%
Class A = 19%
Horizontal forces of Live load - Loads due to Braking

Class 70R

Total Load on span (single lane) = 1000 kN


Braking force = 200 kN acting at a height of 1.2 m
above road level
Longitudnal Force Fh = 200 kN
Total Longitudnal force on abutment = 100 kN

Moment at bearing level = 200 x (1.765 + 1.2)


= 593 kN-m
Vertical Force due to moment = 593 / 18
= 32.9 kN

Class A

Total Load on span (single lane) = 554 kN


Breaking force = 110.8 kN acting at a height of 1.2 m
above road level
Longitudnal Force Fh = 110.8 kN
Total Longitudnal force on abutment = 55.4 kN

Moment at bearing level = 110.8 x (1.84 + 1.2)


= 336.832 kN-m
Vertical Force due to moment = 336.832 / 18
= 18.7 kN
Earth Pressure

φ Angle of internal friction = 30 deg 0.52 rad


α Angle which earth face makes with vertical = 0 deg 0.00 rad
β Slope of earth fill = 0 deg 0.00 rad
δ Angle of friction between earth & earth fill = 20 deg 0.35 rad

2 2
Ka Cos (φ-α) 1
2 1/2
Cos (α) Cos(δ+α) 1+{sin(φ+δ) Sin(φ-β) / Cos(α-β) Cos(δ+α)}

Ka = 0.297

Earth Pressure at bot of dirt wall

Point of application 2.015


For dry condition = 0.42 X 2.02
= 0.85 m
For wet condition = 0.33 X 2.02 =
0.66 m

For Dry Condition 5.171

2
γ = 18 kN/m
P = 10.9 kN/m
2.015 M = 9.2 kN-m/m

10.8
For Saturated Condition

2
γ = 19 kN/m
P = 11.5 kN/m
2.015 M = 7.7 kN-m/m

11.4
For Surcharge Load

2
Load = 6.42 kN/m
2.015 P = 6.5 kN/m
M = 4.3 kN-m/m

6.4
Total Moment due to earthpressure on dirt wall = 13.5 kN-m
Earth Pressure at bot of abutment wall

Point of application
For dry condition = 0.42 X 7.19
= 3.02 m
For wet condition = 0.33 X 7.19
2.37 m
For Dry Condition

2
γ = 18 kN/m
P = 138.2 kN/m
7.186 M = 417.0 kN-m/m

38.5
For Saturated Condition

2
γ = 19 kN/m
P = 145.9 kN/m
7.186 M = 349.4 kN-m/m

40.6
For Surcharge Load

2
Load = 6.42 kN/m
P = 23.1 kN/m
7.186 M = 55.3 kN-m/m

6.4 Total Moment due to earthpressure on dirt wall = 472.3 kN-m

Seismic Loads
Seismic forces are calculated as per IRC 6 2017

Feq = Ah x ( Dead Load + Appropriate Live Load)


Ah = Horizontal Seismic Coefficient = Z/2 x I/R x Sa/g
Z = Zone factor = 0.16
I = Importance Factor = 1.2
R Response reduction factor
For Longitudnal = 3
For Transverse = 1
Damping Factor = 1 (For 5% damping for reinforced concrete bridge)
Sa/g = Average response acceleration coefficient
For Longitudnal = 2.5
For Transverse = 1
Ah For Longitudnal = 0.16 / 2 x 1.2 / 3 x 2.5 x 1 = 0.08
Ah For Transverse = 0.16 / 2 x 1.2 / 1 x 1 x 1 = 0.096
Horizontal forces and moments about footing bottom
No Description Vert Load Horz Load Lever Arm Moment
Longitudnal Transverse Longitudnal Transverse
1 Footing
12.6 x 4.5 x 1.25 x 25 1771.875 141.75 170.10 0.625 88.6 106.3
2 Abutment Wall
12 x 1.2 x 4.571 x 25 1645.56 131.64 157.97 3.54 465.4 558.5
3 Abutment head
359.475 28.76 34.51 6.12 176.0 211.2
4 Pedestal
17.15 1.37 1.65 6.60 9.0 10.9
5 Gider
529.2 42.34 50.80 7.47 316.3 379.6
6 Slab
540 43.20 51.84 8.28 357.7 429.3
7 WC
87.75 7.02 8.42 8.42 59.1 71.0
8 Footpath
195.75 15.66 18.79 8.54 133.8 160.5
9 Crash barrier
144 11.52 13.82 8.94 103.0 123.6
10 Handrail
81 6.48 7.78 8.94 57.9 69.5
11 Live load
696 0.00 13.36 9.66 0.0 129.0
Total 6067.76 429.7408 529.0522 1766.956 2249.382
Horizontal forces and moments about footing top
No Description Vert Load Horz Load Lever Arm Moment
Longitudnal Transverse Longitudnal Transverse
1 Footing
1771.875 141.75 170.10 0 0.0 0.0
2 Abutment Wall
1645.56 131.64 157.97 2.29 300.9 361.0
3 Abutment head
359.475 28.76 34.51 4.87 140.1 168.1
4 Pedestal
17.15 1.37 1.65 5.35 7.3 8.8
5 Gider
529.2 42.34 50.80 6.22 263.4 316.0
6 Slab
540 43.20 51.84 7.03 303.7 364.5
7 WC
87.75 7.02 8.42 7.17 50.4 60.4
8 Footpath
195.75 15.66 18.79 7.29 114.2 137.0
9 Crash barrier
144 11.52 13.82 7.69 88.6 106.3
10 Handrail
81 6.48 7.78 7.69 49.8 59.8
11 Live load
696 0.00 13.36 8.41 0.0 112.3
Total 6067.76 429.7408 529.0522 1318.374 1694.379
Wind loads

Wind loads are calculated as per IRC: 6-2017

Wind on live loads is not considered when the wind speed is greater than 36 m/sec

Case 1

Vz = Basic Wind Speed = 39 m/sec


2
Pz = Basic Horizontal wind pressure for 33 m/sec = 463.7 N/m
= Basic Horizontal pressure for 39 m/sec = 463.7 x 39^2 / 33^2
2
= 647.65 N/m
G = Gust factor = 2
Cd = Drag Coefficient = 1.3

Az = Area in plain
Ft = Transverse wind force = Pz x Az x G x CL
= 647.65 x 2 x 1.3 x Az
2
= 1.68 x Az kN/m
Horizontal forces about footing bottom
Area Horz Load Moment
Lever Arm
No Description Longitudnal Transverse Longitudnal Transverse
1 Live load
36 0.00 0.00 9.94 0.0 0.0
2 Girder
1.665 x 18 29.97 12.62 50.47 7.60 95.9 383.7
3 Crash Barrier
1 x 18 18 7.58 30.31 9.44 71.5 286.0
4 Abutment
4.571 x 1.2 5.5 2.31 9.24 3.54 8.2 32.7
5 Abutment head
1.57 x 0.6 0.942 0.40 1.59 6.12 2.4 9.7
Total 22.90 91.60 178.02 712.09
Horizontal forces about footing top
Area Horz Load Moment
Lever Arm
No Description Longitudnal Transverse Longitudnal Transverse
1 Live load
36 0.00 0.00 8.69 0.0 0.0
2 Girder
1.665 x 18 29.97 12.62 50.47 6.35 80.2 320.6
3 Crash Barrier
1 x 18 18 7.58 30.31 8.19 62.0 248.1
4 Abutment
4.571 x 1.2 5.5 2.31 9.24 2.29 5.3 21.1
5 Abutment head
1.57 x 0.6 0.942 0.40 1.59 4.87 1.9 7.7
Total 22.90 91.60 149.40 597.59

Case 2

Vz = Basic Wind Speed = 36 m/sec


2
Pz = Basic Horizontal wind pressure for 33 m/sec = 463.7 N/m
= Basic Horizontal pressure for 39 m/sec = 463.7 x 36^2 / 33^2
2
= 551.84 N/m
G = Gust factor = 2
Cd = Drag Coefficient = 1.3

Az = Area in plain
Ft = Transverse wind force = Pz x Az x G x CL
= 551.84 x 2 x 1.3 x Az
2
= 1.43 x Az kN/m
Horizontal forces above the footing bottom
Area Horz Load Moment
Lever Arm
No Description Longitudnal Transverse Longitudnal Transverse
1 Live load
36 12.91 51.65 9.94 128.3 513.2
2 Girder
29.97 10.75 43.00 7.60 81.7 327.0
3 Crash Barrier
18 6.46 25.83 9.44 60.9 243.7
4 Abutment
5.4852 1.97 7.87 3.54 7.0 27.8
5 Abutment head
0.942 0.34 1.35 6.12 2.1 8.3
Total 32.43 129.70 279.99 1119.96

Horizontal forces above the footing top


Area Horz Load Moment
Lever Arm
No Description Longitudnal Transverse Longitudnal Transverse
1 Live load
36 12.91 51.65 8.686 112.2 448.7
2 Girder
29.97 10.75 43.00 6.3535 68.3 273.2
3 Crash Barrier
18 6.46 25.83 8.186 52.9 211.4
4 Abutment
5.5 1.97 7.87 2.2855 4.5 18.0
5 Abutment head
0.942 0.34 1.35 4.871 1.6 6.6
Total 32.43 129.70 239.46 957.84
Horizontal Forces due to Water current

P Intensity of pressure due to water currents = 52KV2


V Velocity of current = 3.2 m/sec
K Constant (For Square ended piers) = 1.5
2
P 52 x 1.5 x 3.2^2 = 798.72 N/m
Aab Exposed area of abutment = 4.36 x 1.2
2
= 5.23 m
Afo Exposed area of Footing = 1.25 x 4.5
2
= 5.625 m
Water current force on abutment = 5.23 x 0.79872
= 4.18 kN
Water current force on Footing = 5.625 x 0.79872
4.49 kN
Moment due to currents about footing bottom = 4.18 x 3.43
= 14.34 kN-m
Moment due to currents about abutment bottom = 4.18 x 2.5855
= 10.81 kN-m

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