LoRa Based Weather Station using IoT

A CAPSTONE PROJECT REPORT

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the

requirement for the award of the
Degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

by

CHINTALA RAKSHAN(20BES7040)
CHINTALA MAHINDRA (20BES7026)
SONTI RAVI VARMA (20BEV7062)

Under the Guidance of

(Placeholder1)DR. NEHA GUPTA (SENSE)

SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

VIT-AP UNIVERSITY
AMARAVATI- 522237

DECEMBER 2023
1
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We are deeply indebted to Dr. Neha Gupta, Professor, School of Computer Science and Engineering,
VIT-AP, for her unwavering guidance and invaluable insights. Her patience, wisdom, and expertise in
Machine Learning have been instrumental in shaping our work. Collaborating with her, has been an
enriching and enlightening experience.

Our heartfelt gratitude goes to Dr. G. Viswanathan (Chancellor), Dr. S.V.Kota Reddy (Vice Chancellor),
and Dr. Pradeep Reddy CH. (Dean), School of Electrical Engineering for granting us the opportunity to
embark on this project and for their inspirational leadership throughout our academic journey.

We also wish to express our sincere thanks to all faculty members and staff of our institution. Their
tireless enthusiasm and timely support have been pivotal in our academic pursuits, enabling us to amass
the necessary knowledge to successfully complete our course of study.

We extend our deepest appreciation to our parents for their unwavering support and encouragement.

Our friends have been a beacon of motivation, their encouragement and constant persuasion have
propelled us to undertake and complete this project.

Lastly, we would like to extend our gratitude to everyone who contributed, either directly or indirectly,
towards the successful completion of this project. Your contributions have been invaluable, and for that,
we are eternally grateful.

Place: Amaravati
Date: December 2023

Chintala Rakshan (20BES7040)

Chintala Mahindra (20BES7026)
Sonti Ravi Varma (20BEV7062)

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 ABSTRACT

In recent years, monitoring systems have played an important role in our lives. Therefore,
in this work, we propose an automatic meteorological monitoring system that enables
real-time dynamic climate data for a specific area. The proposed system is based on
Internet of Things technology and an integrated system. The system also includes
electronic devices, sensors and wireless technology. The main objective of this system is
to detect climatic parameters such as temperature, humidity and the presence of gases
using sensors. The captured values can then be sent to a remote application. A robust data
processing and storage system is implemented on the server side to manage the
information flow from multiple weather stations. The data collected can be accessed
through a user-friendly interface, allowing stakeholders such as meteorologists,
researchers and the general public to monitor and analyse weather conditions in real
time. The proposed LoRa-based weather station provides a cost-effective and scalable
solution for weather monitoring, especially in areas without reliable internet connectivity.
This research contributes to the growing field of IoT applications by addressing the need
for efficient and accessible environmental data collection, which is critical for informed
decision-making in various sectors, including agriculture, disaster management and
urban planning.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.No Title Page

. No.
1. Acknowledgement 2
2. Abstract 3

3. Introduction 5

4. Literature Review 6
5. Existing System 8

6. Proposed System 9
7. System Requirements 18
Specification
8. Working Methodology 19

9. Algorithms 22
10. System design 24
11. Results and Discussions 25
12. Conclusion 27
13. References 28

14. Citations 29

15. Appendix 30

4
 INTRODUCTION

In the realm of cutting-edge technology, the integration of LoRa (Long Range) technology has
revolutionized the concept of weather monitoring, particularly with the development of a LoRa-based
weather station. Heralding a new era in meteorological instrumentation, this innovative system
leverages the power of long-range communication to collect and transmit weather data seamlessly. As
an engineering student from India, delving into the intricacies of LoRa for weather monitoring presents
an exciting challenge. The station's deployment showcases its prowess in efficiently capturing
meteorological parameters, such as temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure, with an
impressive range. This not only enhances the accuracy of weather predictions but also establishes a
robust foundation for creating localized weather networks. The LoRa-based weather station stands at
the forefront of technology, embodying the fusion of engineering brilliance and environmental science,
as it opens avenues for smarter, data-driven decision-making in diverse applications, from agriculture to
disaster management. As we navigate through the realms of connectivity and innovation, this weather
station becomes a testament to the limitless possibilities that arise when engineering prowess converges
with real-world challenges.

1.1 Objectives
The following are the objectives of this project:

● The project seeks to design and implement a robust weather station leveraging LoRa technology
to enable long-range communication. This involves the development of sensors for capturing
key meteorological parameters such as temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure with
precision.
● The project aims to establish a reliable and efficient communication infrastructure using LoRa,
facilitating the seamless transmission of collected weather data over extended distances. This
contributes to the creation of a networked system capable of providing real-time, accurate
weather information.
● The project strives to optimize power consumption to ensure the longevity of the weather
station's operation, making it sustainable and suitable for deployment in various environmental
conditions.

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Background and Literature Survey
The background of the LoRa-based weather station project lies at the intersection of wireless
communication technology and meteorological instrumentation. In recent years, advancements in low-
power, long-range communication technologies, such as LoRa (Long Range), have opened up new
possibilities for remote sensing applications. These technologies are particularly valuable in scenarios
where traditional communication methods face limitations due to range or power constraints.
The literature survey for this project involves exploring existing research and developments in
the fields of weather monitoring, wireless communication, and sensor networks. Studies on traditional
weather stations, their limitations, and the growing need for more flexible and scalable solutions in
various applications provide a foundation for the project.
Research papers and articles detailing the implementation of LoRa technology in remote sensing
and environmental monitoring systems offer insights into the feasibility and advantages of using LoRa
for the proposed weather station. Understanding the protocols, data rates, and energy efficiency of LoRa
becomes crucial in designing a system that meets the specific requirements of weather monitoring.
Moreover, the literature survey delves into previous projects involving the integration of sensors
for temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure measurements. This exploration aids in identifying
best practices, potential challenges, and innovative approaches that can inform the design and
implementation phases of the current project.

As an engineering student in India, considering regional or localized studies that have

implemented similar systems becomes pertinent. Exploring how weather stations are utilized in
agriculture, disaster management, and other sectors in the Indian context can provide valuable insights
into tailoring the project to meet specific regional needs.
In summary, the background and literature survey for the LoRa-based weather station project
involve a comprehensive examination of existing technologies, research, and applications in wireless
communication, sensor networks, and weather monitoring to inform and guide the successful execution
of the proposed project.

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1.3 Scope
 Implementing and optimizing LoRa technology for long-range communication to enable
efficient data transmission from remote weather stations.
 Integrating sensors for measuring critical meteorological parameters such as temperature,
humidity, and atmospheric pressure, ensuring accurate and reliable data collection.
 Establishing a network of LoRa-based weather stations for real-time monitoring, contributing
to the creation of a comprehensive weather data network.
 Designing the weather station with a focus on low-power consumption to enhance
sustainability and enable prolonged operation in off-grid or remote locations.

7
Existing System:
there are various existing weather monitoring systems worldwide, and the landscape is continually
evolving. These systems use a range of technologies for data collection, transmission, and analysis.
Traditional weather monitoring systems often rely on ground-based weather stations, satellites, and
radar systems operated by meteorological agencies. These systems provide a broad overview of weather
conditions but may have limitations in terms of coverage and real-time data.
In contrast, modern systems increasingly incorporate IoT (Internet of Things) technologies, allowing for
more granular and real-time data collection. These systems often use a network of sensors deployed in
various locations to monitor temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, and other relevant
parameters. The data collected is transmitted through various communication technologies, including
Wi-Fi, cellular networks, and, in some cases, LoRa (Long Range) for long-distance communication.

Some existing systems also leverage cloud computing for data storage, analytics, and accessibility.
These cloud-based platforms allow users to access weather data remotely and often provide
visualization tools for better interpretation.
Specifically, in the context of India, organizations such as the India Meteorological Department (IMD)
operate a network of traditional weather stations, satellites, and ground-based observation systems.
Additionally, there is an increasing interest in deploying IoT-based weather monitoring solutions,
especially in agriculture and disaster management.

8
 LoRa Based Weather Station Using IoT

This chapter discusses the proposed system, the working technique, and specifics of the software and
hardware components

2.1 Proposed System

The following block diagram shows the system architecture of this project.

9
3.5. List of required hardware components
1. Rasberry pi pico
2. ESP8266 WiFi Module
3. DHT11
4. BMP180
5. Rain Sensor
6. 16*2 LCD Display
7. Beard Board
8. Jumper Wire
9. Data Cable
3.6. Details of Hardware Component

Fig – 6 ESP8266 WiFi Module

.

3.2.1. Pin Configuration

10
4.2.2. Some features of ESP8266
 Low cost, compact and powerful Wi-Fi Module
 Power Supply: +3.3V only
 Current Consumption: 100mA
 I/O Voltage: 3.6V (max)
 I/O source current: 12mA (max)
 Built-in low power 32-bit MCU @ 80MHz
 512kB Flash Memory
 Can be used as Station or Access Point or both combined0
 Supports Deep sleep (<10uA)
 Supports serial communication hence compatible with many development platform like
Arduino
 Can be programmed using Arduino IDE or AT-commands or Lua Script
4.3. DHT11(Temperature & Humidity sensor)
The DHT-11 Digital Temperature and Humidity Sensor is a basic, ultra-low-cost digital
temperature and humidity sensor. It uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor to
measure the surrounding air and spits out a digital signal on the data pin (no analog input pins
needed).
3.3.1. Pin Configuration of DHT11
Fig – 7 DHT11(Temperature & Humidity Sensor)

Fig – 8 BMP180
3.3.2. DHT11 Specifications

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 Operating Voltage: 3.5V to 5.5V
 Operating current: 0.3mA (measuring) 60uA (standby)
 Output: Serial data
 Temperature Range: 0°C to 50°C
 Humidity Range: 20% to 90%
 Resolution: Temperature and Humidity both are 16-bit
 Accuracy: ±1°C and ±1%
3.4. BMP180 (Pressure Sensor)
BMP180 is one of sensor of BMP XXX series. They are all designed to measure Barometric
Pressure or Atmospheric pressure. BMP180 is a high precision sensor designed for consumer
applications. Barometric Pressure is nothing but weight of air applied on everything. The air
has weight and wherever there is air its pressure is felt. BMP180 sensor senses that pressure
and provides that information in digital output. Also, the temperature affects the pressure and
so we need temperature compensated pressure reading. To compensate, the BM180 also has
good temperature sensor.

3.4.1. Pin Configuration

3.4.2. Some features of BMP180 Module
 Can measure temperature and altitude.
 Pressure range: 300 to 1100hPa
 High relative accuracy of ±0.12hPa
 Can work on low voltages
 3.4Mhz I2C interface
 Low power consumption (3uA)
 Pressure conversion time: 5msec

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 Potable size
3.4.2. Specification of BMP180 Module
 Operating voltage of BMP180: 1.3V – 3.6V
 Input voltage of BMP180MODULE: 3.3V to 5.5V
 Peak current: 1000uA
 Consumes 0.1uA standby
 Maximum voltage at SDA , SCL : VCC + 0.3V
 Operating temperature: -40ºC to +80ºC

3.5. Rain Sensor

A rain sensor is one kind of switching device which is used to detect the rainfall. It works
like a switch and the working principle of this sensor is, whenever there is rain, the switch
will be normally closed.
3.5.1. Rain Sensor Module
The rain sensor module/board is shown below. Basically, this board includes nickel coated
lines and it works on the resistance principle. This sensor module permits to gauge moisture
through analog output pins & it gives a digital output while moisture threshold surpasses.
This module is similar to the LM393 IC because it includes the electronic module as well as a
PCB. Here PCB is used to collect the raindrops. When the rain falls on the board, then it
creates a parallel resistance path to calculate through the operational amplifier.

3.5.2. Pin Configuration

The pin configuration of this sensor is shown below. This sensor includes four pins which
include the following.

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Fig – 9 Rain Sensor with Module

Fig – 10 Rain Module

 Pin1 (VCC): It is a 5V DC pin

 Pin2 (GND): it is a GND (ground) pin
 Pin3 (DO): It is a low/ high output pin
 Pin4 (AO): It is an analog output pin
3.5.2. Specification of Rain Sensor
 This sensor module uses good quality of double-sided material.
 Anti-conductivity & oxidation with long time use
 The area of this sensor includes 5cm x 4cm and can be built with a nickel plate on the side
 The sensitivity can be adjusted by a potentiometer
 The required voltage is 5V
 The size of the small PCB is 3.2cm x 1.4cm
 For easy installation, it uses bolt holes
 It uses an LM393 comparator with wide voltage
 The output of the comparator is a clean waveform and driving capacity is above 15mA.
3.6. LCD Display
A Liquid Crystal Display commonly abbreviated as LCD is basically a display unit built
using Liquid Crystal technology. When we build real life/real world electronics - based
projects, we need a medium/device to display output values and messages. The most basic
form of electronic display available is 7 Segment displays – which has its own limitations.
The next best available option is Liquid Crystal Displays which comes in different size
specifications. Out of all available LCD modules in market, the most commonly used one is

14
16×2 LCD Module which can display 32 ASCII characters in 2 lines. To establish a good
communication between human world and machine world, display units play an important
role. And so, they are an important part of embedded systems. Display units - big or small,
work on the same basic principle. Besides complex display units like graphic displays and 3D
display, one must know working with simple displays like 16x1 and 16x2 units

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ADVANTAGES
 The utilization of LoRa technology enables long-range communication, allowing weather
stations to transmit data over extended distances. This is particularly beneficial in remote or rural
areas where traditional communication infrastructure may be limited.
 The project focuses on low-power design, ensuring efficient energy utilization. This feature
enhances the sustainability of the weather stations, allowing them to operate for extended
periods using battery power, and potentially incorporating renewable energy sources for further
energy efficiency.
 The scalable nature of the system allows for the easy expansion of the weather station network
to cover larger geographical areas or address specific regional needs. Additionally, the
adaptability of the project to the Indian context ensures relevance and effectiveness in diverse
environmental conditions.
 As an educational tool for engineering students, the project not only provides hands-on
experience but also fosters interdisciplinary collaboration between engineering and environmental
science. Furthermore, the community engagement features enhance the project's impact by
providing valuable weather information to local communities, fostering awareness and resilience.
APPLICATIONS
 Precision Farming: Provides farmers with real-time weather data for optimizing irrigation,
planting, and harvesting schedules.
 Disaster Management: Enables the timely detection and prediction of extreme weather events,
facilitating early warnings and evacuation planning.
 Post-Disaster Management: Assists in assessing the impact of disasters by providing accurate
weather data for recovery and relief efforts.
 Environmental Research: Contributes to climate research by collecting long-term weather data
for studying trends and patterns. Contributes to climate research by collecting long-term weather
data for studying trends and patterns.
 Rural Development: Agricultural Extension Services: Supports extension services by
providing localized weather information to farmers, enhancing agricultural productivity.

Water Resource Management: Aids in managing water resources efficiently based on weather
patterns and predictions.

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SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS:

For the successful implementation of the LoRa-based weather station

project using Raspberry Pi Pico, several system requirements are essential. The system must include
Raspberry Pi Pico microcontrollers with sufficient computational power and GPIO pins to interface
with a variety of sensors measuring meteorological parameters. LoRa transceiver modules compatible
with Raspberry Pi Pico should be integrated to facilitate long-range, low-power wireless
communication. A power management system is crucial, involving suitable batteries and potentially
incorporating renewable energy sources like solar panels. Adequate storage capacity, either through on-
board memory or external storage devices, is needed for data logging and processing. The project
requires secure communication protocols and encryption algorithms to protect the integrity and
confidentiality of weather data. Additionally, a centralized data hub with a robust database management
system, capable of handling large datasets, is essential for aggregating and storing weather information
from multiple stations. A user interface development environment, compatible with Raspberry Pi Pico,
is necessary to create an interactive platform for users to access real-time data, historical trends, and
receive alerts. These collective requirements form the foundation for a robust, scalable, and secure
LoRa-based weather station system.

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Working Methodology

i. Data collection:
The weather station is equipped with sensors that measure meteorological parameters such as
temperature, humidity and air pressure.
sensors continuously collect data at regular intervals and provide real-time information about
weather conditions.

ii. Sensor Integration with Microcontroller:

The sensor data is connected to a microcontroller unit (MCU) such as an Arduino or Raspberry
Pi, which serves as the weather station's central processing unit. The
MCU manages the data collection from the sensors and starts the subsequent processes.

Ⅲ. Data Processing and Calibration:

Raw sensor data is processed to ensure accuracy and reliability.
Calibration processes may be implemented to adjust sensor readings and account for
environmental factors that could impact measurement accuracy.
Ⅳ. LoRa Communication:
The MCU communicates with a LoRa module to establish a wireless connection for data
transmission.
LoRa technology is leveraged for its long-range and low-power capabilities, allowing data to be
transmitted over extended distances.
Ⅴ. Transmission to Centralized Data Hub:
Weather data is transmitted from the weather station to a centralized data hub or server using
LoRa communication.
The data hub acts as a repository, aggregating information from multiple weather stations for
centralized storage and management.
Ⅵ. Data Storage and Management:
The centralized data hub stores and manages the collected weather data.

18
 Database systems or cloud platforms may be utilized to ensure secure and organized storage of
historical and real-time data.

Ⅶ. Data Analytics and Insights:

Data analytics algorithms may be applied to process and analyze the stored weather data.
Insights derived from the analytics can include trends, anomalies, and predictive patterns,
enhancing the value of the collected information.
Ⅷ. User Interface Development:
A user-friendly interface, accessible through a web or mobile application, is developed to
provide stakeholders with access to weather data.
The interface may display real-time information, historical trends, and customizable alerts based
on specific parameters.
Ⅸ. Scalability and Maintenance:
The system is designed to be scalable, allowing for the integration of additional weather stations
to expand the network's coverage.
Regular maintenance processes ensure the proper functioning of sensors, communication
modules, and the overall infrastructure.
Ⅹ. Security Measures:
Robust security measures are implemented to protect the integrity and confidentiality of weather
data.
Encryption protocols and access controls are employed to safeguard against unauthorized access
or tampering.

 NumPy’s arrays can handle large amounts of image data, simplifying mathematical
operations.
 Its masked arrays can be useful for handling missing or incorrect data.
 It allows reshaping of N-dimensional arrays, useful in pre-processing your image data.
 NumPy integrates well with other languages, aiding in model development and
implementation.
 Its MATLAB-like functionalities speed up the development process, helping in tasks like

19
 IMPLEMENTATIONS
Implementaion of Hardware:

Ease of covering your original rainfall conditions in real time from anywhere in the world.
For storing rainfall and terrain data for short and long term for studying rainfall
pattern changes and to understand how mortal convinced climate change affected your original
deployment of the setup for covering original atmospheric conditions and
microclimates for rainfall soothsaying and vaticination.
growers need to know the temperature, relative moisture, soil humidity, rain falletc. to
enhance their crop product and the following type of detectors are employed to gain the
dataTemperaturesensor.Humidity/ hygrometersensor.Soil humiditysensor.Rain detectoretc.
For an aeroplane airman he she needs to know wind speed, wind direction, atmospheric pressure,
rush, visibilityetc. before they takeoff and they use the following detectors
Barometric detector – for measuring atmospheric pressure.
Anemometer – for measuring wind speed.
Rain detector.

20
ALGORITHMS

21
1. Sensor Data Acquisition Algorithm:
This algorithm governs the process of collecting data from various sensors embedded in
the weather station, including those measuring temperature, humidity, atmospheric
pressure, and other meteorological parameters. The Raspberry Pi Pico interfaces with
these sensors, captures their readings, and initiates the subsequent steps in the data
processing pipeline.

2. LoRa Communication Algorithm:

The LoRa communication algorithm manages the wireless transmission of weather data
over long distances. Leveraging the capabilities of the Raspberry Pi Pico and LoRa
transceiver modules, this algorithm establishes a communication link between the
weather station and a central data hub. It governs the encoding, transmission, and
decoding of data packets to ensure reliable and energy-efficient communication.

3. Power Management Algorithm:

The power management algorithm is responsible for optimizing energy consumption in
the weather station. As the Raspberry Pi Pico is employed, this algorithm oversees the
efficient utilization of the power supply, incorporating strategies such as sleep modes and
dynamic power scaling to extend the operational life of the station. Additionally, it may
coordinate the integration of renewable energy sources like solar panels into the power
system.

4. Data Processing and Analytics Algorithm:

This algorithm conducts preliminary processing of raw sensor data and applies analytics
techniques to derive meaningful insights. It may involve calibration processes to adjust
sensor readings for accuracy and algorithms for identifying patterns, anomalies, or trends
in the collected weather data. The Raspberry Pi Pico's computational capabilities
contribute to these data processing tasks.

5. Security Algorithms:
Security algorithms are implemented to protect the integrity and confidentiality of the
transmitted weather data. Encryption protocols and secure communication algorithms are
employed to safeguard against unauthorized access, ensuring the privacy and reliability
of the information transmitted by the Raspberry Pi Pico-based weather station.

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6. Database Management Algorithm:

Responsible for managing the storage and retrieval of weather data within the centralized
data hub, this algorithm interacts with databases or cloud platforms. The Raspberry Pi
Pico, in conjunction with the appropriate software, facilitates the efficient organization
and storage of historical and real-time weather data.

7. User Interface Algorithm:

The user interface algorithm dictates the functionality of the graphical interface
accessible through web or mobile applications. In the case of Raspberry Pi Pico, it
governs the interactions with the display components, allowing users to visualize real-
time weather data, historical trends, and receive alerts. It ensures an intuitive and
responsive user experience.

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 SYSTEM DESIGN

TRANSMITTER SECTION :

RECEIVER SECTION :

24
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Real Time Experimental Result:

25
26
 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORKS

The development and implementation of the LoRa-based weather station project represents a significant
step towards revolutionizing climate monitoring systems. The success of the project lies in the
integration of advanced sensor technology, efficient LoRa communication and data analysis, providing
accurate real-time weather information. The power-saving design improves sustainability and is suitable
for use in various environmental conditions, especially in remote or resource-limited areas. The user-
friendly interface encourages community participation and provides diverse stakeholders, including
farmers, researchers and local authorities, with valuable information for informed decision-making. As
an engineering student in India, the project not only demonstrated the application of theoretical
knowledge but also highlighted the importance of technology in addressing real-world challenges.

Looking ahead, there are several avenues for future enhancement and expansion of the LoRa-based
weather station project. Firstly, there is a potential for incorporating additional sensors to broaden the
scope of data collection, such as rainfall, wind speed, and air quality, providing a more comprehensive
understanding of environmental conditions. Integration with emerging technologies like artificial
intelligence (AI) could further improve data analytics, enabling more accurate weather predictions and
pattern recognition.
Scalability remains a key consideration, and future endeavors may involve the integration of more
weather stations to enhance geographical coverage and address specific regional needs. Collaboration
with meteorological agencies, research institutions, and governmental bodies could facilitate the
integration of the project into existing weather monitoring networks, contributing to a more extensive
and interconnected system.
Moreover, community outreach programs and partnerships with educational institutions can be
established to promote awareness and understanding of the project's benefits. This includes conducting
workshops, training sessions, and creating educational materials to ensure that end-users and
technicians have the necessary skills to deploy and maintain the weather stations effectively.
Lastly, ongoing efforts in cybersecurity measures should be prioritized to safeguard the integrity and
privacy of the collected data. Continuous research and development in encryption protocols and secure
data transmission will be essential to meet evolving security challenges.

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REFERENCES :
[1]. Mary Nsabagwaa, Maximus Byamukamab, Emmanuel Kondelaa, “Towards a robust and
affordable Automatic Weather Station “, journal homepage:
www.elsevier.com/locate/deveng.
[2]. Ravi Kishore Kodali and Snehashish Mandal “IoT Based Weather Station” 2016
International Conference on Control, Instrumentation, Communication and Computational
Technologies (ICCICCT) 978-1-5090- 5240-0/16/$31.00, IEEE, (2016).
[3]. Ravi Kishore Kodali and Archana Sahu “An IoT based Weather Information Prototype
Using WeMos” 2016 2nd International Conference on Contemporary Computing and
Informatics (ic3i), 978-1-5090-5256- 1/16/$31.00, IEEE, (2016)
[4]. Zi-Qi Huang, Ying-Chih Chen and Chih-Yu Wen, “Real-Time Weather Monitoring and
Prediction Using City Buses and Machine Learning”, Vols. 3 to 21 Published 10 September
(2020)
[5]. Kavya Ladi, A V S N Manoj, G V N Deepak, “IOT Based Weather Reporting System to
Find Dynamic Climatic Parameters”, International Conference on Energy, Communication,
Data Analytics and Soft Computing (ICECDS-2017)
[6]. P. Susmitha, G. Sowmyabala “Design and Implementation of Weather Monitoring and
Controlling System”, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume
97– No.3, (July 2014)
[7]. Tanmay Parashar1, Shobhit Gahlot2, Akash Godbole3, Y.B. Thakare4 “Weather
Monitoring System Using Wi-Fi”, (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value
(2015): 78.96, 2015
[8]. Nutant Sabharwal, Rajesh Kumar, Abhishek Thakur, Jitender Sharma “A LOW-COST
ZIGBEE BASED AUTOMATIC WIRELESS WEATHER STATION WITH GUI AND
WEB HOSTING FACILITY” e-ISSN: 1694-2310 | p-ISSN: 1694-2426, Vol. 1, Spl. Issue 2
(May 2014)
[9]. M. Prasanna, M. Iyapparaja, M. Vinothkumar, B Ramamurthy, S.S. Manivannan,” An
Intelligent Weather Monitoring System using Internet of Things”, International Journal of

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Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue4, November
(2019)
[10]. Mircea Popa and Catalin Iapa “Embedded Weather Station with Remote Wireless
Control”, 19th Telecommunications forum TELFOR 2

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 CITATIONS

1.Microchip Technology Inc. (2021) RN2483 Low-Power Long Range LoRa®

Technology Transceiver Module Datasheet.
http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/RN2483-Low-Power-Long-Range-
LoRa-Technology-Transceiver-Module-Data-Sheet-DS50002346D.pdf

2. Mary Nsabagwaa, Maximus Byamukamab, Emmanuel Kondelaa, “Towards a robust

and affordable Automatic Weather Station “, journal homepage:
http://www.elsevier.com/locate/deveng

3.https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com/definition/I nternet-of-Things-IoT

4. https://how2electronics.com

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 APPENDIX
Source Code:
PYTHON:
# Import necessary libraries
import time
from machine import Pin, UART
import network
from lorawan import LoRa

# Initialize LoRa
lora = LoRa(mode=LoRa.LORAWAN, region=LoRa.EU868)

# Define your device's unique identifier (DevEUI, AppEUI, AppKey)

dev_eui = bytearray([0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07])
app_eui = bytearray([0x70, 0xB3, 0xD5, 0x7E, 0xF0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00])
app_key = bytearray([0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09,
0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F])

# Join the LoRa network

lora.join(activation=LoRa.OTAA, auth=(dev_eui, app_eui, app_key), timeout=0)

# Wait for the join to complete

while not lora.has_joined():
time.sleep(2.5)
print('Not yet joined...')

# Define sensor pins

temperature_pin = Pin(0)
humidity_pin = Pin(1)
# Add other sensor pins as needed

# Function to read sensor data

def read_sensor_data():
temperature = temperature_pin.read() # Replace with actual sensor reading
humidity = humidity_pin.read() # Replace with actual sensor reading
# Read other sensor data as needed

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 return temperature, humidity

# Main loop
while True:
# Read sensor data
temperature, humidity = read_sensor_data()

# Prepare data payload

data = bytearray([int(temperature), int(humidity)])

# Send data over LoRa

lora.send_data(data, len(data), lora.frame_counter)

# Wait for a period before sending the next data

time.sleep(300) # 5 minutes (adjust as needed)

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BIODATA
Name : Chintala Rakshan
Mobile Number : 9440712357
E-mail :[email protected]

Name : Chintala Mahindra

Mobile Number : 9618112357
E-mail :
[email protected]

Name : Sonti Ravi Varma

Mobile Number : 8008233246
E-mail : [email protected]

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