Group 2

THE
INFORMATION
AGE
Gutenberg to Social Media
 INFORMATION
AGE
also known as the COMPUTER AGE, DIGITAL AGE,
or NEW MEDIA AGE is a period in human history
characterized by the shift from traditional industry
that the Industrial revolution brought through
industrialization, to an economy based on
information computerization.
 The Pre
Gutenberg to
Post Gutenbern
The Pre-Gutenberg The Gutenberg
The Post-Gutenberg
World Revolution
World
In the world before the It is widely acknowledged that This era can be described as
introduction of the printing press the introduction of the printing the emergence of the internet
it was not possible to distribute press was revolutionary in its and the world wide web. This
precise replicable information to impact. It was credited as being paved theway to the possible
a large number o people. the catalyst for the Renaissance, uploading and downloading of
Information could be captured, in the development of science and all forms of media instruments
the laborious and time consuming creating the pressures which such as video, audio, and
process of hand-produced books, forced power to slip from the
images. It enabled people to
scrolls or tablets, but access to hands of monarchs and religious
publish or spread the
this information was restricted to orders and become shared
information.
a small elite group. across a much broader section of
society.
The Rise of
Digital Age
With the advent of modern
technologies, printing press are not the
only tools used in spreading
Information. Nowadays, information is
readily available to pass form on
individual to another from here to
even faraway places.
 CHARLES
BABBAGE
Invented by Charles Babbage, an English
mechanical engineer and considered the “father of
computers”. This technology was designed for
mathematical calculations and simple decision-
making
capabilities. The ‘main- frame computers’ were
large room-sized computer that provide people
data
calculation and manipulation faster than the
human brain.
 GRACE
HOPPER
- An influential force and a legendary figure in the
development of programming languages
- The first person to conceive of the use of
compilers in computers (operational in 1952)
- The first commercial high-level programming
language, called FLOW-MATIC
- major forerunner of COBOL
Instrumental role in the development of the COBOL
 THE GOOGLE
DOODLE
A Google doodle is the picture/animation on the homepage of
www.google.ca. These are created to commemorate important holidays,
birthdays and special days of artists, pioneers, scientists, etc.
DEBUGGING
Debugging is a methodical
process of finding and reducing
the number of bugs, or defects, in
a computer program or a piece of
electronic hardware.

➤ Origin: The term "Debug" is

directly related to Admiral Grace
Hopper. In 1940's while she was
working on Mark II computer at
Harvard University her associates
discovered that a "Moth "was
stuck into the relay circuit.
 War of Secrets:
Cryptology in WWII
ENIGMA
MACHINE
The Enigma machine is invented by a
German during World War Two.
• British tried to break the German Enigma
Machine.
• The American, Russians, French and
Germans too, think that Enigma is
unbreakable.
Alan Mathison Turing - The
Turing Machine

The Turing machine is a computer

device that consists of read and
write header. It is a simple
abstract computational device
intended to help investigate the
limitations of what can be
computed. Nowadays we know it
as a scanner and a paper ribbon
that passes through the machine
 ALAN
TURING
"The Imitation Game" tells the story of
famed World War II code-breaker Alan
Turing.

During World War II, Turing worked at

the secret Bletchley Park code-breaking
center, where he helped crack Enigma by
creating the “Turing bombe,” a
forerunner of modern computers.
Z1 COMPUTER
• The first programmable
computer.
• Created by Konrad Zuse in
Germany from 1936 to 1938.
• To program the Z1 required that
the user insert punch tape into a
punch tape reader and all output
was also generated through punch
tape. KONRAD'S BEGINNING
The ENIAC Computer
The Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer
or also known as ENIAC was an early electronic
general-purpose computer.
It was developed at the University of Pennsylvania
in the United States by John Mauchly and J.
Presper Eckert.
It was a Turing-complete digital computer, capable
of solving various computational problems.
The ENIAC used vacuum tubes as its primary
electronic components.
ENIAC:
It was designed and built during World War II for the United States Army.
Originally used to calculate artillery firing tables.
Its power and general-purpose programmability captivated the public.
Media referred to it as a "giant brain" upon its introduction in 1946.
Designers:
Physicist John Mauchly and electrical engineer J. Presper Eckert.
Led a team of engineers, mathematicians, programmers, and experts.
Development:
Built and refined in the basement of the Moore School of Electrical Engineering.
Project initiated in 1943 and unveiled formally in 1946.
Cost and Size:
Cost nearly $500,000; weighed 30 tons and covered 1,800 square feet.
Configuration:
Consisted of 40 panels in a U-shaped setup.
Accumulators:
20 panels performed mathematical calculations, each holding a 10-digit decimal
number.
Components:
Included 18,000 vacuum tubes, 7,200 crystal diodes, 1,500 relays, 70,000 resistors,
10,000 capacitors, 6,000 switches, and almost 5 million hand-soldered joints.
Practical Use:
Used for calculations in the hydrogen bomb project in Los Alamos.
Feasibility Assessment:
Assisted in evaluating the viability of the latest H-bomb design.
Programming and Data:
Involved thousands of programming steps and 1 million punch cards.
Impact:
Helped identify multiple flaws in the proposed design.
Location and Usage:
ENIAC was moved to Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland after its
unveiling. It was used for artillery firing tables and calculations in various fields.
Retirement:
ENIAC was retired on Oct. 2, 1955, after running continuously for over 70,000
hours.
Programming Complexity:
Programming ENIAC was complex and time-consuming.
Manual Configuration:
Women programmers manually configured ENIAC for each job by
plugging cables and setting switches.
Developing New Programs:
Women programmers had to create new programs for each
problem by studying schematics and interviewing engineers to understand how ENIAC
worked.
Understanding and Expertise:
The women programmers developed an intimate understanding
of ENIAC's operations and program execution.
Algorithm Design and Switch Adjustment:
They designed algorithms and adjusted switches to perform calculations
effectively.
Problem-Solving Skills:
The women learned to identify and address system issues, reducing
troubleshooting time.
Recognition:
The six women programmers were inducted into the Women in Technology
International Hall of Fame in 1997.
 ARPANET
ARPANET stands for Advanced Research
Projects Agency Network.
ARPANET started development in 1966 by the
United States.
ARPANET was a Wide Area Network linking
many Universities and research canters.
➤ It was first to use packet switching, and was
the beginning of what we consider the Internet
today.
ARPANET was created to make it easier for
people to access computers, improve computer
equipment.
 The Internet
Created by Vinton Cerf and Robert
Kahn in California, United State in
the late 1960s.

The internet is the global system of

interconnected computer networks
and devices.

Used by scientist to communicate

with other scientists.
SOCIAL MEDIA
Social media platforms such as
Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn,
TikTok and Snapchat. These platforms
are designed for social contact, sharing
information, photos and videos, and
building networks.
Statistics on internet usage
OVERVIEW OF INTERNET USE
 The development of the
information age and its impact
on society
From Gutenberg to Information Age,
evolution of technology has made us
realize that modernization
of information and communication
process have become the power behind
social evolution.
THANK YOU FOR
YOUR
ATTENTION
Group - 2