1-Health Educatioon Concepts, Overview, Introduct

1st Lecture
2nd Semester 2023-2024

Rules Active participation
Ask questions
Expectations
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At the end of this lecture, each student will be able to:
 Define important terms.
 Identify Elements of teaching process.
 Compare between health Education Process & Nursing Process.
 Identify setting and target of health education.
 Identify approaches of health education
 Discuss barriers of health education

Outlines:-
 Introduction.
 Definitions of terms, Education, Teaching, Learning and
Teaching- Learning process
 Elements of teaching process
 Comparison of the Teaching & the Nursing Process.
 Setting of health education
 Target of health education
 Different approaches of health education
 Barriers of health education

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Health Education
Introduction
 Everyone needs health education (young and old), men and
women, educated and illiterate. Health education does not
stop at certain point, as it deals with any topic related to
health provided that this topic is compatible with the needs of
the individual or group.
Health Education
It is a process that informs,

motivates and helps
people to adopt and maintain
healthy practices and life-styles.
Health Education process
 The health education process is a systematic, sequential,
scientifically based, planned course of action consisting of two
major interdependent operations, teaching and learning.
 This process forms a continuous cycle that also involves two

interdependent players, the teacher and the learner. Together, they
jointly perform teaching
 and learning activities, the outcome of which leads to mutually

desired behavior changes.
 The health education process, like the nursing process,
consists of the basic elements of assessment,
planning, implementation, and evaluation.
 The two are different in that the nursing process

focuses on the planning and implementation of care
based on the assessment and diagnosis of the
physical and psychosocial needs of the patient.
 The health education process, on the other hand,
focuses on the planning and implementation of
teaching based on an assessment and
prioritization of the client’s learning needs,
readiness to learn, and learning styles.
 The outcomes of the nursing process are

achieved when the physical and psychosocial
needs of the client are met. The outcomes of the
health education process are achieved when
changes in knowledge, attitudes, and skills occur.
Comparison of Health Education Process& Nursing
Process
Health Education process Nursing process

 Collect data; analyze client’s  Collect data; analyze client’s
learning strengths & deficits. health status (strengths & deficits).
 Make educational diagnoses.  Make nursing diagnoses.
 Prepare teaching plan:  Plan nursing goals/desired
- Write learning outcomes. outcomes and select nursing
interventions.
- select content & time frame.
- select teaching strategies.
 Implement teaching plan. Implement nursing interventions.
 Evaluate client learning based on  Evaluate client outcomes based

achievement of learning outcomes. on achievement of goals criteria.
Health Teaching
• It is an integral part of health education.
•Teaching is an art and science of establishing
objectives, selecting and organizing content,
organizing teaching aids, designing learning
activities and evaluating performance.
Teaching styles
-Formal teaching takes place at a specific time, in
a specific place, on a specific topic.
-Informal teaching takes place any time, any place ,
whenever a learning need is identified.
Benefits of health Teaching
 Promotion of wellness.
 Prevention of illness.
 Restoration of health.
 Facilitation of coping abilities.
 Shorter length of hospital stays.
 Maximizes independence.
 Decreased chance of hospital readmission.
 Greater compliance with prescribed treatment
regimens.
Learning
 Defined as a change in an individual’s behaviour

(knowledge, skills, and attitudes) that can be
observed and measured, and can occur at any time or
in any place as a result of exposure to environmental
stimuli
 Learning needs: is a desire or a requirement to know

something that is presently unknown to the learner.
Learning Style
Refers to the way individuals process

information.
Each learner is unique, with distinct style
preferences that distinguish one learner from
another.
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Types of Learning Styles
1. Visual: learn best by seeing.
2. Auditory: learn best by hearing.
3. Reading/ writing: learn best by reading then

writing information.
4. Kinesthetic (Kinetics): learn best by touching,

or doing.
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Teaching- Learning process
 The output of teaching is learning.
 It is an interaction between teacher and learner

which is aimed to bring about behavior
modification in learners.
 It is aimed at the acquisition of knowledge,

skills and attitudes which enable the learner to
lead a well adjusted life.
Elements of teaching process
Teaching process will reveal the following elements:-
1- Learner, nervous system, senses, muscles.
2- Teacher , selecting and organizing teaching –learning methods , planning

and controlling a teaching-learning process.
3- A series of learning objectives related to desired objectives.
4- Sequence of Stimulus-Response affecting teacher and learner.
5- Reinforcement of learner behavior.
6-Monitorng, assessment and evaluation of the learner's changes in behavior.

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Targets for health education
Individuals such as clients of services, patients, healthy
individuals.
 Groups E.g. groups of students in a class, youth clubs.
 Community E.g. people living in a village.

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Health education settings

 Hospitals ( inpatient departments and outpatients clinics)
 Health centers
 Workplaces.
 In a college and university campus
 Schools
 Prisons
Refugee camps
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Health Education Approaches

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Barriers to health education

1. Physical barriers as difficulties in hearing and vision.
2. Intellectual barriers may occur because of the natural

ability, home background or School that affects the
perception and understanding of the clients.
3. Emotional barriers include the readiness (ability),

Motivation (willingness & desire to meet needs) of the
receiver OR the emotional status of the health educator.
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4. Cultural barriers include those customs, beliefs or
religious attitudes that may cause problems. social diversity
and language variation.
5- Barriers related to audience-:
 Lack of time to learn.
 Lack of support and ongoing positive
reinforcement.
 Denial of learning need
 lack of experience
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6-Barriers related to the teaching materials-:
 Not presented in attractive and interesting
manner.
 Not suite for mental level of the audience.
7-Barrier related to environment:-
 Weather, poor ventilation, light, room size, seats
 Lack of resources ( computer, data show,
microphone).
 Lack of control and lack of privacy.
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1st Lecture

2nd Semester 2023-2024

 Compare between health Education Process & Nursing Process.

 Identify setting and target of health education.

 Identify approaches of health education

 Discuss barriers of health education

 Comparison of the Teaching & the Nursing Process.

 Setting of health education

 Target of health education

 Different approaches of health education

 Barriers of health education

It is a process that informs,

 This process forms a continuous cycle that also involves two

 and learning activities, the outcome of which leads to mutually

 The two are different in that the nursing process

 The outcomes of the nursing process are

Health Education process Nursing process

 Evaluate client learning based on  Evaluate client outcomes based

 Defined as a change in an individual’s behaviour

 Learning needs: is a desire or a requirement to know

Refers to the way individuals process

1. Visual: learn best by seeing.

2. Auditory: learn best by hearing.

3. Reading/ writing: learn best by reading then

4. Kinesthetic (Kinetics): learn best by touching,

 It is an interaction between teacher and learner

 It is aimed at the acquisition of knowledge,

1- Learner, nervous system, senses, muscles.

2- Teacher , selecting and organizing teaching –learning methods , planning

3- A series of learning objectives related to desired objectives.

4- Sequence of Stimulus-Response affecting teacher and learner.

5- Reinforcement of learner behavior.

6-Monitorng, assessment and evaluation of the learner's changes in behavior.

Targets for health education

Individuals such as clients of services, patients, healthy

 Groups E.g. groups of students in a class, youth clubs.

 Community E.g. people living in a village.

Health education settings

Health Education Approaches

Barriers to health education

2. Intellectual barriers may occur because of the natural

3. Emotional barriers include the readiness (ability),

Barriers to health education

Barriers to health education

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