INDEX

Introduction
History
Object Oriented Programming in java
Applications of java
Task Management System in Java
Task Management system code
Task Management system Output VIII.
Conclusion
Introduction

JAVA is a programming language created by James Gosling from Sun Microsystems

(Sun) in 1991. The target of Java is to write a program once and then run this
program on multiple operating systems. The first publicly available version of Java
(Java 1.0) was released in 1995. Sun Microsystems was acquired by the Oracle
Corporation in 2010. Oracle has now the statesmanship for Java. In 2006 Sun started
to make Java available under the GNU General Public License (GPL). Oracle
continues this project called OpenJDK.
Over time new enhanced versions of Java have been released. The current version
of Java is Java 1.8 which is also known as Java 8.
Java is defined by a specification and consists of a programming language, a
compiler, core libraries and a runtime (Java virtual machine) The Java runtime
allows software developers to write program code in other languages than the Java
programming language which still runs on the Java virtual machine. The Java
platform is usually associated with the Java virtual machine and the Java core
libraries.

The Java language was designed with the following properties:

Platform independent: Java programs use the Java virtual machine as abstraction
and do not access the operating system directly. This makes Java programs highly
portable. A Java program (which is standard-compliant and follows certain rules)
can run unmodified on all supported platforms, e.g., Windows or Linux.
Object-orientated programming language: Except the primitive data types, all
elements in Java are objects.
Strongly-typed programming language: Java is strongly-typed, e.g., the types of the
used variables must be pre-defined and conversion to other objects is relatively
strict, e.g., must be done in most cases by the programmer.
Interpreted and compiled language: Java source code is transferred into the
bytecode format which does not depend on the target platform. These bytecode
instructions will be interpreted by the Java Virtual machine (JVM). The JVM contains
a so called Hotspot-Compiler which translates performance critical bytecode
instructions into native code instructions.
Automatic memory management: Java manages the memory allocation and de-
allocation for creating new objects. The program does not have direct access to the
memory. The so-called garbage collector automatically deletes objects to which no
active pointer exists.
The Java syntax is similar to C++. Java is case-sensitive, e.g., variables called MyValue
and myvalue are treated as different variables.
History
James Gosling pioneered Java in June 1991 as a project called ‘Oak.’ Gosling aimed
to develop a virtual machine and language with a well-known notation like C, but
with more precision and simplicity than C/C++. In 1995, Java 1.0 was the first public
execution. It pledged ‘Write Once, Run Anywhere’ on popular platforms with free
runtime. It was very safe and configurable with security that restricted network and
file access. In a stable ‘applet’ setup, the significant web browsers soon
implemented it in their standard settings.
In 1997, Sun reached out to the ISO/IEC JTC1 and then Ecma International to
formalize Java, but they quickly withdrew. Java continues to be a de facto
proprietary standard regulated by the Java Community Process. With the revenue
generated by new vision such as the Java Enterprise Framework, Sun made several
Java implementations free of charge. The critical difference is that the compiler is
not present in the JRE, which differentiates between its Software Development Kit
(SDK) and JRE . On 13 November 2006, Sun launched a considerable amount of Java
in the GNU General Public License as free and open-source software (GPL). On 8
May 2007, Sun completed the process by releasing a fully accessible, all free and
opensource Java’s core code, except for a small portion of the code that Sun did not
copyright.

The development of the Java language had five primary objectives:

The object-oriented approach should be employed.
It should allow multiple operating systems to run the same program.
It should have built-in computer network support.
It should be configured to execute code from distant sources safely.
By selecting which parts of the other object-oriented languages are considered
acceptable. It should be simple to use.
Object Oriented Programming in java
Object means a real-world entity such as a pen, chair, table, computer, watch, etc.
Object-Oriented Programming is a methodology or paradigm to design a program
using classes and objects Object-Oriented Programming is a paradigm that provides
many concepts, such as inheritance, data binding, polymorphism, etc. It simplifies
software development and maintenance by providing some concepts:

Class
Object
Inheritance
Polymorphism
Abstraction
Encapsulation

Class: Collection of objects is called class. It is a logical entity. A class can also be
defined as a blueprint from which you can create an individual object. Class doesn't
consume any space.

Object: Any entity that has state and behavior is known as an object. For example,
a chair, pen, table, keyboard, bike, etc. It can be physical or logical. An Object can be
defined as an instance of a class. An object contains an address and takes up some
space in memory. Objects can communicate without knowing the details of each
other's data or code. The only necessary thing is the type of message accepted and
the type of response returned by the objects.

Inheritance: When one object acquires all the properties and behaviors of a parent
object, it is known as inheritance. It provides code re-usability. It is used to achieve
runtime polymorphism.

Polymorphism: If one task is performed in different ways, it is known as

polymorphism. For example: to convince the customer differently, to draw
something, for example, shape, triangle, rectangle, etc.
In Java, we use method overloading and method overriding to achieve
polymorphism.
Another example can be to speak something; for example, a cat speaks meow, dog
barks woof, etc.

Abstraction: Hiding internal details and showing functionality is known as

abstraction. For example phone call, we don't know the internal processing. In
Java, we use abstract class and interface to achieve abstraction.

Encapsualtion: Binding (or wrapping) code and data together into a single unit
are known as encapsulation. For example, a capsule, it is wrapped with different
medicines.
A java class is the example of encapsulation. Java bean is the fully encapsulated
class because all the data members are private here.
Advantage of OOPs over Procedure-oriented programming language
OOPs makes development and maintenance easier, whereas, in a
procedureoriented programming language, it is not easy to manage if code grows
as project size increases.
OOPs provides data hiding, whereas, in a procedure-oriented programming
language, global data can be accessed from anywhere.
OOPs provides the ability to simulate real-world event much more effectively. We
can provide the solution of real word problem if we are using the Object-Oriented
Programming language.
Object oriented programming have access specifiers like private, public, protected
etc.
Object oriented programming provides data hiding so it is more secure.
In object oriented programming, data is more important than function.
Applications of java
Java is the Queen of programming languages. It beholds the pride of the most
preferred programming language by software developers. It is surprising to note
that at present around three billion devices use Java for development. Java has an
amazing design that incorporates the flexibility to run on any machine. It has been
a major component in the development of a plethora of applications and the
advancement of major technologies.
Java has become the most robust programming language because of its amazing
features. Some of its features are platform independence, high performance,
Object orientation, support automatic garbage management, and many more. In
this blog, we will discuss the Top 10 Applications of Java in the real world in a
detailed manner.

Mobile apps: Java is a cross-platform framework that is used to build applications

that run across smartphones and other small screen devices. As per a survey it is
observed that Java is the second most widely used language for mobile apps
development. Mobile applications that are created using Java include some
popular ones like Netflix, Twitter, Spotify, and many more.

Desktop Applications:Desktop applications can be flawlessly designed using

Java. APIs like Swing, AWT, JavaFX provide a modern way to develop GUI
applications. The use of java in desktop applications offers some fantastic benefits
like ease of learning, visual feedback, simultaneous display of multiple instances,
and many more.

Artificial intelligence:Java is one of the best languages for AI projects. Its

infrastructure is well embedded with intelligent software to enhance AI
programming. It has amazing features like better interaction with users, ease of
debugging, easy-to-code features, standard widget tools, and a lot more. The use
of Java just brings perfection to the Artificial Intelligence process.

Web applications:Java is just perfect for developing web applications because of

its ability to interact with a large number of systems. It allows us to create dynamic
web applications that interact with interfaces. The presence of JSP, web servers,
spring, Hibernate provides feasibility in the web development process.

Big Data technology: It is a software utility designed to analyze and extract

information from complex data structures. It is widely used in other technologies
like deep learning, Machine learning, and Artificial learning. Java is a viewpoint of
Big data. Java is commonly used in ETL applications like Apatar, Apache Camel, and
Apache Kafka which are used to extract complex information.
Gaming applications:Java has proved to be the most desirable option for game
development because of the presence of a wide variety of open-source
frameworks. Popular games like Mission Impossible III, Minecraft, and Asphalt 6
are developed in Java.

Business applications:Java helps us to develop robust applications for business

requirements. It can be used to develop from small-scale applications to big
enterprise solutions. The language is constantly growing and updating to fulfill the
latest business demands.

Embedded systems:It refers to the combination of small units that combine to

perform the collective function for larger systems. Java has proved to be the best
solution to address increasing Software complexity. Today a large number of
developers use Java in embedded systems.

Cloud applications:Cloud computing refers to the on-demand access to

computer resources without direct management by the user. Java has carved its
way into cloud applications. It provides a solution for IT infrastructure at an
affordable cost. Further, it serves as a platform for creating cloud servers and
applications.

Scientific applications:Java has enhanced security features which makes it the

best option for the development of scientific applications. It has served as a
powerful tool in coding complex mathematical operations. The programs are
designed in a highly secure and efficient manner. Some of the most widely used
applications like MATLAB use Java as a component of the core system.
Java is present in every field of software development
Task Management System in Java
It’s a list of task you need to complete or things that you want to do.
Most typically, they’re organised in order of priority. Traditionally, they’re written
on a piece of paper or post it notes and act as a memory aid.
As technology has evolved we have been able to create a todo lists with excel
spreadsheets, word documents, email lists, todo list apps, Microsoft to do and
google to do list to name a few. You can use a to do list in your home and personal
life, or in the workplace.
Having a list of everything you need to do written down in one place means you
shouldn’t forget anything important. By prioritising the tasks in the list you plan
the order in which you’re going to do them and can quickly see what needs your
immediate attention and what tasks you can leave until a little later.
The Benefits of Using a To Do List
One of the most important reasons you should use a to do list is that it will help
you stay organised. When you write all your tasks in a list, they seem more
manageable. When you’ve got a clear outline of the tasks you’ve got to do and
those you’ve completed, it helps you stay focused. While freeing up space in your
mind for other more creative tasks.
When you complete a task, you can cross it off your list. This gives you a sense of
progress and achievement, something you’ll lack if you’re always rushing from one
task to the next. If you feel a sense of achievement, it spurs you on and motivates
you to keep moving forward.
What is a ToDo List in business and why is it important?
It seems such a simple solution by putting pen to paper and taking time out of your
day to create a to do list, a plan for your day helps define your challenges and
goals. Preventing time from being wasted trying to identify what is the next most
important task to tackle next and even more important makes sure you don't
forget to do something important.
To-do lists offer a way to increase productivity, stopping you from forgetting
things, helps prioritise tasks, manage tasks effectively, use time wisely and improve
time management as well as workflow.
Task Management system code
Source Code
Task Management system Output
Conclusion
Java is an object-oriented programming language. It is a general-purpose
programming language, mainly designed to run developed java code on all
platforms that support Java without recompilation.
As we all know, Java is one of the most popular and in-demand programming
languages to learn and it was one of the first languages to standardise high-level
threading utilities.
Java project is a must for aspiring developers. This project helps developers
develop real-world projects to hone their skills and materialise their theoretical
knowledge into practical experience. Java has significant advantages both as a
commercial language and also as a teaching language. Java project provides
rigorous compiletime error checking typically associated with Pascal, allowing
instructors to introduce students to GUI programming, networking, threads, and
other important concepts used in modern-day software. Overall, the java project
gives a complete design for the extended language.
Reference

https://www.javatpoint.com/java-tutorial

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/java/