Falsificar – to forge, falsificacion-forgery (cometer falsificacion es un delito)

Falsificar.

La mujer falsifico la firma.

Me acusaron de falsificar la firma

Manos a la obra-

Amanecer/llegar empapada de sudor

Me dieron un proyecto importante que hacer, pues manos a la obra.

A raiz de la lluvia, no creo que siga en pie lo de asitir a la boda

No quisiera que siguiera en pie lo de ir al gimnasio

Suprimir

Un delincuente suprimio todos los detalles del documento que me iban a salvar del juicio de juez.

La cabra – goat

La cabra mordisquea el cesped.

Hecho y derecho-proper.

Es un hombre hecho y derecho.

Es una mujer hecha y derecha.

Eticamente, nada mas cumplir 18 anos, uno se convierte en una persona hecha y derecha.

Por mi tamano, la gente cree que no soy hecha y derecha.

Soy de carne y hueso.

La gente me toman el pelo con mi tamano, me acusan de no parecer hecha y derecha, por lo tanto
olvidan que soy de carne y hueso.

De lo mas.

Se comporto en una manera de lo mas decortes.

A raiz de la separacion, Esta de lo mas angustiada

Estoy de lo mas herida, soy de lo mas envidiosa, estoy de lo mas hecha olvo. Soy de lo mas terca.

La comida de lo mas repugnante.

Incoherente-not clear.

La historia
The file-oriented approach and the database approach are two different methods of organizing and
managing data in information systems. Here are the key differences between them:

1. **Data Storage:**

- **File-Oriented Approach:** data is stored in separate files that are created and managed by
individual programs or applications. Each program has its own set of files, different programs don’t
share their data.

- **Database Approach:** Data is stored in a centralized database, which is a structured collection

of related data. The database is designed to be shared among different applications, and it provides a
n organized way to store and retrieve data.

2. **Data Redundancy:**

- **File-Oriented Approach:** Data redundancy is common because each program or application

has its own set of files. If the same data is needed by multiple programs, it may be duplicated in
different files, leading to redundancy and potential inconsistencies.

- **Database Approach:** Redundancy is minimized through normalization techniques. Data is

organized into tables, and relationships between tables are established, reducing the need for
duplicate data storage and helping maintain data integrity.

3. **Data Independence:**

- **File-Oriented Approach:** Programs are often dependent on the structure and format of the
files they use. If there are changes in the data structure, it may require modifications to multiple
programs.

- **Database Approach:** Data independence is achieved, separating the application programs

from the physical storage structure of the data. Changes to the database structure do not necessarily
require changes to application programs.

4. **Data Integrity:**

- **File-Oriented Approach:** Ensuring data integrity (accuracy and consistency) can be

challenging, as there are no inherent mechanisms in place to enforce relationships or constraints
between data in different files.

- **Database Approach:** Integrity constraints (such as primary keys, foreign keys, and unique
constraints) can be defined in the database schema to maintain data accuracy and consistency.

5. **Concurrency Control:**
 - **File-Oriented Approach:** Managing concurrent access to data by multiple users can be
difficult. File locking mechanisms may be implemented, but they are often less sophisticated than
those provided by database management systems.

- **Database Approach:** Database management systems typically provide advanced concurrency

control mechanisms to ensure that multiple users can access and modify data simultaneously
without conflicts.

6. **Scalability and Performance:**

- **File-Oriented Approach:** Scalability may be limited, and performance can be an issue as the
volume of data and the number of users increase.

- **Database Approach:** Designed for scalability, modern database systems can handle large
amounts of data and support efficient query processing, providing better performance in many
scenarios.

In summary, while the file-oriented approach relies on individual programs managing their own data,
the database approach centralizes data storage, minimizes redundancy, and provides features such
as data independence, integrity constraints, and concurrent control, offering a more organized and
scalable solution for handling data in complex information systems.

Apologies for that oversight. Here's a more detailed explanation:

The file-oriented approach and the database approach represent distinct methods for managing
data. In the file-oriented approach, data is stored in separate files, each associated with a specific
program or application. This decentralized structure often results in data redundancy, as the same
information may be duplicated across multiple files. Moreover, since each program operates
independently, there is limited sharing of data between programs, leading to potential
inconsistencies.

Conversely, the database approach centralizes data storage into a structured repository. Information
is organized into tables, and relationships between tables are established, reducing redundancy and
promoting data integrity. the file-oriented approach, databases support the sharing of data among
various applications. This centralized system enhances efficiency, as multiple programs can access
and modify data without duplication. Additionally, databases offer data independence, allowing
changes to the database structure without alterations to individual programs.

In summary, while the file-oriented approach relies on decentralized and program-specific data
storage, the database approach provides a more organized, integrated, and scalable solution,
facilitating efficient data management and reducing the likelihood of errors.

Or

In essence, the file-oriented approach leans on decentralized and program-specific data

storage, whereas the database approach offers a more structured, integrated, and scalable
solution. This promotes effective data management and lowers the risk of errors.

Lan-local area network, it is a type of network that is spread over a relatively smaller area.

-privately owned network.

-used to share private data

-computers are connected through cables or wires.

-easy installation and easy to use.

-they are usually owned by individual for personal uses like home, building, campus or for
office purpose

WAN-wan is network that is made up of multiple LAN’S

-they’re the type of network that are spread over a city.

-they’re connected point to point networks.

-they’re owned by, campus, hosptas, universities

-installation is difficult.

-they’re fast.

-they use coaxial wire or fiber optical.

-larger than lan but smaller than wan.

Wan- wide area network

-made up of multiple lan’s and wan’s.

-spread over cities, countries and continents.

-used by organization or multiple organizations like universities, government agencies,

-speedy, fast. Installation may nit be easy.

-transmits the data through satellite or telephone line.