Scribd
Upload
16 views9 pages

Chapter-1, Pages 1-9

The document discusses database management systems (DBMS) and introduces key concepts including data, metadata, information, files, records, schemas, and common database applications. A DBMS consists of interrelated data and programs to access the data in an organized way, providing an environment that is convenient and efficient for storing and retrieving information.

Uploaded by

Kajal Kushwaha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views9 pages

Chapter-1, Pages 1-9

The document discusses database management systems (DBMS) and introduces key concepts including data, metadata, information, files, records, schemas, and common database applications. A DBMS consists of interrelated data and programs to access the data in an organized way, providing an environment that is convenient and efficient for storing and retrieving information.

Uploaded by

Kajal Kushwaha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Database Management System

(DBMS)

Chapter 1: Introduction

Srinivas Jangili
Outline
• Basic Terminology
• What is DBMS?
• Purpose of DBMS
• Disadvantage of File Oriented Approach
• File System Vs DBMS
• View of Data
• Instances and Schemas
• Data Independence
• Data Models
• Database Languages
• Transaction Management
• Storage Management
• Database Users
• DBMS Structures
Data: Data is a raw collection of facts about people,
places, objects, and events, which include text, numbers,
graphics, images, sound, etc. that have meaning in the
user’s environment. Data can be represented in
alphabets (A-Z, a-z), in digits (0-9), and using special
characters (+, -, #, $, etc.).
Information: Information is the processed data on which
decisions and actions are based. Information can be
defined as the organized and classified data to provide
meaningful values.
Metadata: Metadata describes the properties or
characteristics of other data. In simple terms it is data
about data. It includes entity name, field names, their
data type, size, etc.
Data Metadata Information
Data is a raw collection of Metadata is data about data Information is meaningful
facts about people, places, data in an organized form
objects and events
Data is given by the user to Metadata is required for Information is given by the
the computer logical design of a database computer to the user
It requires processing It requires languages such This is processed data
as SQL
It is not meaningful This gives meaning to data This is meaningful

John 51 8 7 25 30 70
Data (here, it is not clear whether ‘51’ is a Roll No or Mark)
Metadata (It includes: field names, field data types and their size,
table name, etc.)
Name Roll No M1 M2 Mid End Total
(Var Char) (Number) (Number) (Number) (Number) (Number) (Number)
John 51 8 7 25 30 70

Information: Explains the terms: Data, Field, Record, File, Schema,


etc.
Field: A character or group of characters (alphabetic or numeric)
that has a specific meaning. A field is used to define and store
data. For ex, in a student table “name”, “roll no.” are the fields.
Record: It is a collection of several fields. A logically connected set
of one or more fields that describes a person, place, or thing. For
ex, the fields that constitute a record for a customer consists of
name, address, phone number, etc.
File: It is a collection of several related records or information.
What is DBMS?
A DBMS consists of a collection of interrelated data and a set
of programs to access those data. The collection of data,
usually referred to as the database, contains information
about one particular enterprise. The primary goal of a DBMS
is to provide an environment that is both convenient and
efficient to use in retrieving and storing database
information.
Database applications:
Airlines: For reservations and schedule information. Airlines
were among the first to use databases in a geographically
distributed manner.
Telecommunication: For keeping records of calls made,
generating monthly bills, maintaining balances on prepaid
calling cards, and storing information about the
communication networks.
Banking: For customer information, accounts, loans, deposits,
and other banking transactions.
Credit Card Transactions: For purchases on credit cards and
generation of monthly statements.
Finance: For storing information about holdings (assets,
belongings, property, etc.), sales, and purchases of financial
instruments such as stocks and bonds. Also, for storing real-time
market data to enable online trading by customers and automated
trading by the firm.
Sales: For customer, product, and purchase information.
Manufacturing: For management of supply chain and for
tracking production of items in factories, inventories
(catalogue) of items in warehouses/stores, and orders for items.
Human resources: For information about employees,
salaries, payroll taxes and benefits, for generation of
paychecks, tax deductions, etc.
Railway Reservation Systems: For reservations and schedule
information.
Web: For access the bank accounts and to get the balance amount.
E-Commerce/ online shopping: For buying a book or music CD and
browse for things like watches, mobiles, etc. from internet.
Universities: Courses offered, student’s registration records,
generate class rosters, examination process and records, assign
grades to students, generate transcripts, etc.
Remark: Before the days of databases, typically such applications
are used to be managed by FILE SYSTEMS. Different text and data
files can be used and information is stored in these files. File
systems have a large number of sequential files, which can be
written and read in certain order.

You might also like