Ⅱ .

Expressions of time

day morning night

ototoi ototoi no asa ototoi no ban (yoru)

the day before yesterday the morning before last the night before last
kinō kinō no asa kinō no ban (yoru)
yesterday yesterday morning last night
kyō kesa konban (kyō no yoru)
today this morning tonight
ashita ashita no asa ashita no ban (yoru)
tomorrow tomorrow morning tomorrow night
asatte asatte no asa asatte no ban (yoru)
the day after tomorrow the morning after next the night after next
mainichi maiasa maiban
every day every morning every night

165

week month year

sensenshū sensengetsu
ototoshi
(ni-shūkan mae) (ni-kagetsu mae)
the year before last
the week before last the month before last
senshū sengetsu kyonen
last week last month last year
konshū kongetsu kotoshi
this week this month this year
raishū raigetsu rainen
next week next month next year
saraishū saraigetsu sarainen
the week after next the month after next the year after next
maishū maitsuki maitoshi, mainen
every week every month every year
 Telling time

o clock -ji minute -fun/-pun

1 ichi-ji 1 ip-pun
2 ni-ji 2 ni-fun the days of the week
3 san-ji 3 san-pun -yōbi

4 yo-ji 4 yon-pun nichi-yōbi Sunday

5 go-ji 5 go-fun getsu-yōbi Monday
6 roku-ji 6 rop-pun ka-yōbi Tuesday
7 shichi-ji 7 nana-fun sui-yōbi Wednesday
8 hachi-ji 8 hap-pun moku-yōbi Thursday
9 ku-ji 9 kyū-fun kin-yōbi Friday
10 jū-ji 10 jup-pun, jip-pun do-yōbi Saturday
11 jū ichi-ji 15 jū go-fun nan-yōbi what day
12 jū ni-ji 30 san-jup-pun, san-jip-pun, han
? nan-ji ? nan-pun

166
date
month -gatsu day -nichi
1 ichi-gatsu 1 tsuitachi 17 jū shichi-nichi
2 ni-gatsu 2 futsuka 18 jū hachi-nichi
3 san-gatsu 3 mikka 19 jū ku-nichi
4 shi-gatsu 4 yokka 20 hatsuka
5 go-gatsu 5 itsuka 21 ni-jū ichi-nichi
6 roku-gatsu 6 muika 22 ni-jū ni-nichi
7 shichi-gatsu 7 nanoka 23 ni-jū san-nichi
8 hachi-gatsu 8 yōka 24 ni-jū yokka
9 ku-gatsu 9 kokonoka 25 ni-jū go-nichi
10 jū-gatsu 10 tōka 26 ni-jū roku-nichi
11 jū ichi-gatsu 11 jū ichi-nichi 27 ni-jū shichi-nichi
12 jū ni-gatsu 12 jū ni-nichi 28 ni-jū hachi-nichi
? nan-gatsu 13 jū san-nichi 29 ni-jū ku-nichi
14 jū yokka 30 san-jū-nichi
15 jū go-nichi 31 san-jū ichi-nichi
16 jū roku-nichi ? nan-nichi
Ⅲ . Expressions of period

time duration
hour -jikan minute -fun/-pun
1 ichi-jikan ip-pun
2 ni-jikan ni-fun
3 san-jikan san-pun
4 yo-jikan yon-pun
5 go-jikan go-fun
6 roku-jikan rop-pun
7 nana-jikan, shichi-jikan nana-fun
8 hachi-jikan hap-pun
9 ku-jikan kyū-fun
10 jū-jikan jup-pun, jip-pun
? nan-jikan nan-pun

period
day -nichi week -shūkan month -kagetsu year -nen 167
1 ichi-nichi is-shūkan ik-kagetsu ichi-nen
2 futsuka ni-shūkan ni-kagetsu ni-nen
3 mikka san-shūkan san-kagetsu san-nen
4 yokka yon-shūkan yon-kagetsu yo-nen
5 itsuka go-shūkan go-kagetsu go-nen
rok-kagetsu,
6 muika roku-shūkan roku-nen
hantoshi
nana-nen,
7 nanoka nana-shūkan nana-kagetsu
shichi-nen
hachi-kagetsu,
8 yōka has-shūkan hachi-nen
hak-kagetsu
9 kokonoka kyū-shūkan kyū-kagetsu kyū-nen
jus-shūkan, juk-kagetsu,
10 tōka jū-nen
jis-shūkan jik-kagetsu
? nan-nichi nan-shūkan nan-kagetsu nan-nen
 Ⅳ . Counter suffixes

thin and
things persons order flat things
-nin -ban -mai
1 hitotsu hitori ichi-ban ichi-mai
2 futatsu futari ni-ban ni-mai
3 mittsu san-nin san-ban san-mai
4 yottsu yo-nin yon-ban yon-mai
5 itsutsu go-nin go-ban go-mai
6 muttsu roku-nin roku-ban roku-mai
7 nanatsu nana-nin, shichi-nin nana-ban nana-mai
8 yattsu hachi-nin hachi-ban hachi-mai
9 kokonotsu kyū-nin kyū-ban kyū-mai
10 tō jū-nin jū-ban jū-mai

168 ? ikutsu nan-nin nan-ban nan-mai

machines and books and

vehicles age notebooks clothes
-dai -sai -satsu -chaku
1 ichi-dai is-sai is-satsu it-chaku
2 ni-dai ni-sai ni-satsu ni-chaku
3 san-dai san-sai san-satsu san-chaku
4 yon-dai yon-sai yon-satsu yon-chaku
5 go-dai go-sai go-satsu go-chaku
6 roku-dai roku-sai roku-satsu roku-chaku
7 nana-dai nana-sai nana-satsu nana-chaku
8 hachi-dai has-sai has-satsu hat-chaku
9 kyū-dai kyū-sai kyū-satsu kyū-chaku
10 jū-dai jus-sai, jis-sai jus-satsu, jis-satsu jut-chaku, jit-chaku
? nan-dai nan-sai nan-satsu nan-chaku
 frequency small things shoes and socks houses
-kai -ko -soku/-zoku -ken/-gen
1 ik-kai ik-ko is-soku ik-ken
2 ni-kai ni-ko ni-soku ni-ken
3 san-kai san-ko san-zoku san-gen
4 yon-kai yon-ko yon-soku yon-ken
5 go-kai go-ko go-soku go-ken
6 rok-kai rok-ko roku-soku rok-ken
7 nana-kai nana-ko nana-soku nana-ken
8 hak-kai hak-ko has-soku hak-ken
9 kyū-kai kyū-ko kyū-soku kyū-ken
10 juk-kai, jik-kai juk-ko, jik-ko jus-soku, jis-soku juk-ken, jik-ken
? nan-kai nan-ko nan-zoku nan-gen 169

floors of a thin and drinks, etc., in small animals,

building long things cups and glasses fish and insects
-kai/-gai -hon/-pon/-bon -hai/-pai/-bai -hiki/-piki/-biki
1 ik-kai ip-pon ip-pai ip-piki
2 ni-kai ni-hon ni-hai ni-hiki
3 san-gai san-bon san-bai san-biki
4 yon-kai yon-hon yon-hai yon-hiki
5 go-kai go-hon go-hai go-hiki
6 rok-kai rop-pon rop-pai rop-piki
7 nana-kai nana-hon nana-hai nana-hiki
8 hak-kai hap-pon hap-pai hap-piki
9 kyū-kai kyū-hon kyū-hai kyū-hiki
10 juk-kai, jik-kai jup-pon, jip-pon jup-pai, jip-pai jup-piki, jip-piki
? nan-gai nan-bon nan-bai nan-biki