Science 5

Science – Grade 5
Quarter 1 – Self Learning Module 15: The pattern in the changes in the
appearance of the moon

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Irene F. Florentino
Editor: Mrs. Thelma C. Torio
Reviewer:
Illustrator: Filmark J. Florentino
Layout Artist: Margie A. Rosario
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel Laguerta EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of Pasig

City
 Science 5
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module15
Pattern In The Changes In The Appearance Of
The Moon
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 5 Self Learning Module 15 on Pattern In The Changes In

The Appearance Of The Moon.

This Self Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators from Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-In-Charge
Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership
with the Local Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis
N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the
Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal,
social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Science 5 Self Learning Module 15 on Pattern In The Changes In

The Appearance Of The Moon.

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectation - These are what you will be able to know after

completing the lessons in the module

Pretest - This will measure your prior knowledge and the

concepts to be mastered throughout the lesson.

Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills

that you understand from the previous lesson.

Lesson - This section will discuss the topic for this module.

Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.

Wrap Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

applications of the lessons.

Valuing - This part will check the integration of values in the

learning competency.

Posttest - This will measure how much you have learned from
the entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

At the end of the lesson the pupils are expected to:

A. infer the pattern in the changes in the appearance of the moon;
B. show through a model how the relative position of the observer of
Earth, Moon and Sun cause the apparent changes in the shape of the
moon; and
C. value the importance moon in our daily life.

PRETEST

Directions: Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false.

______1. Like the Earth, only one side of the moon is lighted by the sun at a
time.

______2. The moon is as big as the Earth.

______3. The moon does not change its shape.

______4. The phases of the moon depend on how much the light of the sun
can be seen at any one time.

______5. The moon revolves around the sun, too.

RECAP

Directions: Identify the phase of the moon that describes in the picture.

1.
 2.

3.

4.

5.

LESSON

How the Moon Moves

The moon moves around the Earth in a slightly elliptical orbit. According to
National Aeronautics and Space Administration or NASA, it revolves around the
Earth equal to 27, 7 hours and 43 minutes in units of mean solar time or 27 1/3
days. This is called sidereal month or the average period of revolution of the moon
around the Earth. During this same period, it turns only once on its axis. So, the
same side of the moon faces the Earth all the time.

The Moon’s distance from Earth is about 30 times the diameter of

Earth.

Although the Moon is the second brightest object in the sky, it does not
produce its own light. The “moonlight” that shines in the sky is due to the Sun’s
light reflecting off the surface of the Moon and bouncing back to Earth.

From our perspective on Earth, we see a different amount of the illuminated

half of the Moon most days throughout the month. Some days the Moon is not
visible at all. How the Moon appears in the sky is due to the motion of the Moon
and Earth and their relative locations with respect to the Sun. Although it appears
to change, the Moon’s shape is always a sphere.

The lunar cycle. About once a month, the Moon orbits Earth. The Moon rotates
once on its axis at the same rate it orbits Earth. This results in the same
hemisphere always facing Earth. As the Moon orbits Earth, the portion of its
illuminated hemisphere that we observe from Earth changes slightly every day.

The Moon gradually looks a little different each day, depending on where it
is in its orbit.

o The Moon’s lunar cycle begins when the Sun, the Moon, and Earth
are aligned (the Moon is between Earth and the Sun) and the
illuminated hemisphere of the Moon faces away from Earth. The
shadowed hemisphere faces Earth, and is difficult or impossible to
observe the new Moon in the sky. In fact, because it appears so close
to the Sun at this point in the cycle, it is dangerous to look for the
Moon.
o As the Moon moves along its orbit, the angle between the Moon and
the Sun increases, or waxes. As the Moon waxes, more of the
illuminated surface becomes visible and a sliver crescent Moon
appears. Gradually, the Sun–Earth–Moon angle increases each day,
resulting in an increase in the visible portion of the illuminated
surface.
o This continues to progress slightly each day until a round circle, or
full Moon, is visible. At this midpoint in the cycle, the Sun, the Moon,
and Earth are all aligned and Earth is positioned between the Sun
and the Moon. The full illuminated hemisphere is visible from Earth.
o The cycle continues as the Sun–Earth–Moon angle begins to decrease,
or wane, slightly each day. The visible portion of the illuminated
surface begins to decrease. It gradually appears smaller until the
Moon, again, is positioned between the Sun and Earth and the
illuminated side of the Moon faces away from Earth. As the cycle
begins again, the new Moon is difficult or impossible to observe.

 The Moon continues the repeated pattern of waxing and waning. The
orientation of the illuminated portion of the Moon changes depending on
whether the observer is in the northern or southern hemisphere. When
observers view the Moon from the southern hemisphere, the Moon appears
to have flipped upside down as it waxes and wanes.

The Moon takes 27.3 days to orbit Earth, but the lunar phase cycle is 29.5
days (the time it takes the Moon to get from a specific phase back to the point in its
orbit where the Sun is in the same position from our point of view; for example,
from a new Moon back to a new Moon). The extra 2.2 days is the time the Moon
spends "catching up," because Earth travels about 45 million miles in its path
around the Sun during the Moon’s orbit around Earth.
https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource
Take a look at the illustration of the patterns of the moon as it revolves around the
Earth.

Exploring the world of Science 5 (Kto12 ed.)

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1
You will need: - globe or a big ball - table

• Place a globe or a big ball on a table.

• Turn counter clockwise around the table with your face toward the globe.

• Observe the direction of your shoulder pointing the globe as you turn around
until you reach the place where you started. Then stop.
Answer these:

1. Did you turn away from the globe at anytime as you moved around the table?
Why?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

2. Did you also turn around yourself?

__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2

• You will need: - chair – family member

Do these.
• Place the chair on the center of the room. It will represent the sun.

• Draw a line around the chair. It will represent the orbit.

• Let your friend stand beside you. He will represent the moon.
• As you turn around and move on the orbit, your friend will move around you.
Your friend will face towards you as he or she moves.
Activity 3
Draw a model of the sun, earth and moon and how they revolve with each
other inside the box.

WRAP-UP

Explain how the moon travels around Earth to make one complete
revolution. You may use a diagram to explain your answer.

VALUING
Many believe that the new moon is the right time for planting, moving to a
new house or starting new business. What can you say about this? How this affect
you knowledge about the moon?

__________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 POSTTEST

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. If you see a new moon today, when will you probably see another new
moon again?
A. after 3 days
B. after 4 weeks
C. after 4 months
D. after 2 months

2. Which statement about the moon is correct?

A. The moon revolves around the earth at the same time rotates on the
axis.
B. The moon rotates around the earth at the same time revolves on its
axis.
C. The moon does not rotate nor revolve.
D. The moon revolves only around the sun.

3. What causes the phases of the moon to change each night?

A. The season of the year determines the phase of the Moon.
B. The closer the Moon is to Earth, the more light the Moon reflects.
C. The Moon changes its actual shape throughout the course of the
month.
D. The alignment between the Earth, Moon, and Sun determines the
amount of light reflected by the Moon.

4. What do you see in the sky when the moon is aligned with the sun with
its lighted side facing the Earth?
A. full moon
B. new moon
C. quarter moon
D. half moon

5. During the new moon phase, we cannot see the moon at all. Why?
A. The dark part is behind us.
B. The lighted part is away from us.
C. The moon revolves around the sun.
D. The moon revolves around the Earth.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

REFERENCES
Book
Sarmiento, L. , Pascual, A., Alcober, A. & Ranay, Z. (2014). Exploring the world of
Science 5 (Kto12 ed.). Quezon City, Philippines.: Adriana Publishing Co. Inc.

Online and Electronic Sources

https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/6773

https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/566723c9e0939c1e2657a3f4/moon-phases

https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/buac19-k2-sci-ess-
changeappeark2model/the-pattern-of-the-moons-changing-appearance/support-
materials/