NATIONAL CERTIFICATES (VOCATIONAL)

ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES

INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT

NQF LEVEL 2

Date of Implementation: January 2018

 Level 2 Introduction to Systems Development
National Certificates (Vocational) January 2018

CONTENTS
SECTION A: PURPOSE OF THE SUBJECT ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES

SECTION B: ASSESSMENT IN THE NATIONAL CERTIFICATES (VOCATIONAL)

1 Assessment in the National Certificates (Vocational)

2 Assessment framework for vocational qualifications
2.1 Internal continuous assessment (ICASS)
2.2 External summative assessment (ESASS)
3 Moderation of assessment
3.1 Internal moderation
3.2 External moderation
4 Period of validity of internal continuous assessment (ICASS)
5 Assessor requirements
6 Types of assessment
6.1 Baseline assessment
6.2 Diagnostic assessment
6.3 Formative assessment
6.4 Summative assessment
7 Planning assessment
7.1 Collecting evidence
7.2 Recording
7.3 Reporting
8 Methods of assessment
9 Instruments and tools for collecting evidence
10 Tools for assessing student performance
11 Selecting and/or designing recording and reporting systems
12 Competence descriptions
13 Strategies for collecting evidence
13.1 Record sheets
13.2 Checklists

SECTION C: ASSESSMENT IN INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT

1 Schedule of assessment
2 Recording and reporting
3 Internal assessment of Subject Outcomes in Introduction to Systems Development –
Level 2
4 Specifications for the external assessment in Introduction to Systems Development –
Level 2
4.1 Integrated summative assessment task (ISAT)
4.2 National examination

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SECTION A: PURPOSE OF THE SUBJECT ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES

This document provides the lecturer with guidelines to develop and implement a coherent, integrated
assessment system for Introduction to Systems Development in the National Certificates (Vocational). It
must be read with the National Policy Regarding Further Education and Training Programmes: Approval of
the Documents, Policy for the National Certificates (Vocational) Qualifications at Levels 2 to 4 on the
National Qualifications Framework (NQF). This assessment guideline will be used for National Qualifications
Framework Levels 2-4.
This document explains the requirements for the internal and external subject assessment. The lecturer must
use this document with the Subject Guidelines: Introduction to Systems Development to prepare for and
deliver Introduction to Systems Development. Lecturers should use a variety of resources and apply a range
of assessment skills in the setting, marking and recording of assessment tasks.

SECTION B: ASSESSMENT IN THE NATIONAL CERTIFICATES (VOCATIONAL)

1 ASSESSMENT IN THE NATIONAL CERTIFICATES (VOCATIONAL)

Assessment in the National Certificates (Vocational) is underpinned by the objectives of the National
Qualifications Framework (NQF). These objectives are to:
 Create an integrated national framework for learning achievements.
 Facilitate access to and progression within education, training and career paths.
 Enhance the quality of education and training.
 Redress unfair discrimination and past imbalances and thereby accelerate employment opportunities.
 Contribute to the holistic development of the student by addressing:
 social adjustment and responsibility;
 moral accountability and ethical work orientation;
 economic participation; and
 nation-building.
The principles that drive these objectives are:
 Integration
To adopt a unified approach to education and training that will strengthen the human resources development
capacity of the nation.
 Relevance
To be dynamic and responsive to national development needs.
 Credibility
To demonstrate national and international value and recognition of qualification and acquired competencies
and skills.
 Coherence
To work within a consistent framework of principles and certification.
 Flexibility
To allow for creativity and resourcefulness when achieving Learning Outcomes, to cater for different learning
styles and use a range of assessment methods, instruments and techniques.
 Participation
To enable stakeholders to participate in setting standards and co-ordinating the achievement of the
qualification.
 Access
To address barriers to learning at each level to facilitate students’ progress.

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 Progression
To ensure that the qualification framework permits individuals to move through the levels of the national
qualification via different, appropriate combinations of the components of the delivery system.
 Portability
To enable students to transfer credits of qualifications from one learning institution and/or employer to
another institution or employer.
 Articulation
To allow for vertical and horizontal mobility in the education system when accredited pre-requisites have
been successfully completed.
 Recognition of Prior Learning
To grant credits for a unit of learning following an assessment or if a student possesses the capabilities
specified in the outcomes statement.
 Validity of assessments
To ensure assessment covers a broad range of knowledge, skills, values and attitudes (SKVAs) needed to
demonstrate applied competency. This is achieved through:
 clearly stating the outcome to be assessed;
 selecting the appropriate or suitable evidence;
 matching the evidence with a compatible or appropriate method of assessment; and
 selecting and constructing an instrument(s) of assessment.
 Reliability
To assure assessment practices are consistent so that the same result or judgment is arrived at if the
assessment is replicated in the same context. This demands consistency in the interpretation of evidence;
therefore, careful monitoring of assessment is vital.
 Fairness and transparency
To verify that no assessment process or method(s) hinders or unfairly advantages any student. The following
could constitute unfairness in assessment:
 Inequality of opportunities, resources or teaching and learning approaches
 Bias based on ethnicity, race, gender, age, disability or social class
 Lack of clarity regarding Learning Outcome being assessed
 Comparison of students’ work with other students, based on learning styles and language
 Practicability and cost-effectiveness
To integrate assessment practices within an outcomes-based education and training system and strive for
cost and time-effective assessment.

2 ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK FOR VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS

The assessment structure for the National Certificates (Vocational) qualification is as follows:

2.1 Internal continuous assessment (ICASS)

Knowledge, skills values, and attitudes (SKVAs) are assessed throughout the year using assessment
instruments such as projects, tests, assignments, investigations, role-play and case studies. The internal
continuous assessment (ICASS) practical component is undertaken in a real workplace, a workshop or a
“Structured Environment”. This component is moderated internally and externally quality assured by Umalusi.
All internal continuous assessment (ICASS) evidence is kept in a Portfolio of Evidence (PoE) and must be
readily available for monitoring, moderation and verification purposes.

2.2 External summative assessment (ESASS)

The external summative assessment is either a single or a set of written papers set to the requirements of
the Subject Learning Outcomes. The Department of Education administers the theoretical component
according to relevant assessment policies.

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A compulsory component of external summative assessment (ESASS) is the integrated summative

assessment task (ISAT). This assessment task draws on the students’ cumulative learning throughout the
year. The task requires integrated application of competence and is executed under strict assessment
conditions. The task should take place in a simulated or “Structured Environment”. The integrated summative
assessment task (ISAT) is the most significant test of students’ ability to apply their acquired knowledge.
The integrated assessment approach allows students to be assessed in more than one subject with the
same integrated summative assessment task (ISAT).
External summative assessments will be conducted annually between October and December, with
provision made for supplementary sittings.

3 MODERATION OF ASSESSMENT

3.1 Internal moderation

Assessment must be moderated according to the internal moderation policy of the Further Education and
Training (TVET) college. Internal college moderation is a continuous process. The moderator’s involvement
starts with the planning of assessment methods and instruments and follows with continuous collaboration
with and support to the assessors. Internal moderation creates common understanding of Assessment
Standards and maintains these across vocational programmes.

3.2 External moderation

External moderation is conducted by the Department of Education, Umalusi and, where relevant, an
Education and Training Quality Assurance (ETQA) body according to South African Qualifications Authority
(SAQA) and Umalusi standards and requirements.
The external moderator:
 monitors and evaluates the standard of all summative assessments;
 maintains standards by exercising appropriate influence and control over assessors;
 ensures proper procedures are followed;
 ensures summative integrated assessments are correctly administered;
 observes a minimum sample of ten (10) to twenty-five (25) percent of summative assessments;
 gives written feedback to the relevant quality assuror; and
 moderates in case of a dispute between an assessor and a student.
Policy on inclusive education requires that assessment procedures for students who experience barriers to
learning be customised and supported to enable these students to achieve their maximum potential.

4 PERIOD OF VALIDITY OF INTERNAL CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT (ICASS)

The period of validity of the internal continuous assessment mark is determined by the National Policy on the
Conduct, Administration and Management of the Assessment of the National Certificates (Vocational).
The internal continuous assessment (ICASS) must be re-submitted with each examination enrolment for
which it constitutes a component.

5 ASSESSOR REQUIREMENTS
Assessors must be subject specialists and should ideally be declared competent against the standards set
by the ETDP SETA. If the lecturer conducting the assessments has not been declared a competent
assessor, an assessor who has been declared competent may be appointed to oversee the assessment
process to ensure the quality and integrity of assessments.

6 TYPES OF ASSESSMENT
Assessment benefits the student and the lecturer. It informs students about their progress and helps
lecturers make informed decisions at different stages of the learning process. Depending on the intended
purpose, different types of assessment can be used.

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6.1 Baseline assessment

At the beginning of a level or learning experience, baseline assessment establishes the knowledge, skills,
values and attitudes (SKVAs) that students bring to the classroom. This knowledge assists lecturers to plan
learning programmes and learning activities.

6.2 Diagnostic assessment

This assessment diagnoses the nature and causes of learning barriers experienced by specific students. It is
followed by guidance, appropriate support and intervention strategies. This type of assessment is useful to
make referrals for students requiring specialist help.

6.3 Formative assessment

This assessment monitors and supports teaching and learning. It determines student strengths and
weaknesses and provides feedback on progress. It determines if a student is ready for summative
assessment.

6.4 Summative assessment

This type of assessment gives an overall picture of student progress at a given time. It determines whether
the student is sufficiently competent to progress to the next level.

7 PLANNING ASSESSMENT
An assessment plan should cover three main processes:

7.1 Collecting evidence

The assessment plan indicates which Subject Outcomes and Assessment Standards will be assessed, what
assessment method or activity will be used and when this assessment will be conducted.

7.2 Recording
Recording refers to the assessment instruments or tools with which the assessment will be captured or
recorded. Therefore, appropriate assessment instruments must be developed or adapted.

7.3 Reporting
All the evidence is put together in a report to deliver a decision for the subject.

8 METHODS OF ASSESSMENT
Methods of assessment refer to who carries out the assessment and includes lecturer assessment, self-
assessment, peer assessment and group assessment.
The lecturer assesses students’ performance against given criteria in different
LECTURER ASSESSMENT
contexts, such as individual work, group work, etc.
Students assess their own performance against given criteria in different contexts,
SELF-ASSESSMENT
such as individual work, group work, etc.
Students assess another student or group of students’ performance against given
PEER ASSESSMENT
criteria in different contexts, such as individual work, group work, etc.
Students assess the individual performance of other students within a group or
GROUP ASSESSMENT
the overall performance of a group of students against given criteria.

9 INSTRUMENTS AND TOOLS FOR COLLECTING EVIDENCE

All evidence collected for assessment purposes is kept or recorded in the student’s Portfolio of Evidence
(PoE).
The following table summarises a variety of methods and instruments for collecting evidence. A method and
instrument is chosen to give students ample opportunity to demonstrate the Subject Outcome has been
attained. This will only be possible if the chosen methods and instruments are appropriate for the target
group and the Specific Outcome being assessed.

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METHODS FOR COLLECTING EVIDENCE

Observation-based Task-based Test-based
(Less structured) (Structured) (More structured)
 Observation  Assignments or tasks  Examinations
 Class questions  Projects  Class tests
 Lecturer, student,  Investigations or  Practical examinations
parent discussions research  Oral tests
Assessment instruments  Case studies  Open-book tests
 Practical exercises
 Demonstrations
 Role-play
 Interviews
 Observation sheets  Checklists  Marks (e.g. %)
Assessment tools  Lecturer’s notes  Rating scales  Rating scales (1-7)
 Comments  Rubrics
 Focus on individual Open middle: Students Students answer the same
students produce the same questions in the same way,
 Subjective evidence evidence but in different within the same time.
Evidence based on lecturer ways.
observations and Open end: Students use
impressions same process to achieve
different results.

10 TOOLS FOR ASSESSING STUDENT PERFORMANCE

Rating scales are marking systems where a symbol (such as 1 to 7) or a mark (such as 5/10 or 50%) is
defined in detail. The detail is as important as the coded score. Traditional marking, assessment and
evaluation mostly used rating scales without details such as what was right or wrong, weak or strong, etc.
Task lists and checklists show the student what needs to be done. They consist of short statements
describing the expected performance in a particular task. The statements on the checklist can be ticked off
when the student has adequately achieved the criterion. Checklists and task lists are useful in peer or group
assessment activities.
Rubrics are a hierarchy (graded levels) of criteria with benchmarks that describe the minimum level of
acceptable performance or achievement for each criterion. It is a different way of assessment and cannot be
compared to tests. Each criterion described in the rubric must be assessed separately. Mainly, two types of
rubrics, namely holistic and analytical, are used.

11 SELECTING AND/OR DESIGNING RECORDING AND REPORTING SYSTEMS

The selection or design of recording and reporting systems depends on the purpose of recording and
reporting student achievement. Why particular information is recorded and how it is recorded determine
which instrument will be used.
Computer-based systems, for example spreadsheets, are cost and time effective. The recording system
should be user-friendly and information should be easily accessed and retrieved.

12 COMPETENCE DESCRIPTIONS
All assessment should award marks to evaluate specific assessment tasks. However, marks should be
awarded against rubrics and not simply be a total of ticks for right answers. Rubrics should explain the
competence level descriptors for the skills, knowledge, values and attitudes (SKVAs) a student must
demonstrate to achieve each level of the rating scale.
When lecturers or assessors prepare an assessment task or question, they must ensure that the task or
question addresses an aspect of a Subject Outcome. The relevant Assessment Standard must be used to
create the rubric to assess the task or question. The descriptions must clearly indicate the minimum level of
attainment for each category on the rating scale.

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13 STRATEGIES FOR COLLECTING EVIDENCE

A number of different assessment instruments may be used to collect and record evidence. Examples of
instruments that can be (adapted and) used in the classroom include:

13.1 Record sheets

The lecturer observes students working in a group. These observations are recorded in a summary table at
the end of each project. The lecturer can design a record sheet to observe students’ interactive and problem-
solving skills, attitudes towards group work and involvement in a group activity.

13.2 Checklists
Checklists should have clear categories to ensure that the objectives are effectively met. The categories
should describe how the activities are evaluated and against what criteria they are evaluated. Space for
comments is essential.

SECTION C: ASSESSMENT IN INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT

1 SCHEDULE OF ASSESSMENT
At NQF levels 2, 3 and 4, lecturers will conduct assessments as well as develop a schedule of formal
assessments that will be undertaken in the year. All three levels also have an external examination that
accounts for 50 percent of the total mark. The marks allocated to assessment tasks completed during the
year, kept or recorded in a Portfolio of Evidence (PoE) account for the other 50 percent.
The Portfolio of Evidence (PoE) and the external assessment include practical and written components. The
practical assessment in Introduction to Systems Development must, where necessary, be subjected to
external moderation by Umalusi or an appropriate Education and Training Quality Assurance (ETQA) body,
appointed by the Umalusi Council in terms of Section 28(2) of the General and Further Education and
Training Quality Assurance Act, 2001 (Act No. 58 of 2001).

2 RECORDING AND REPORTING

Introduction to Systems Development, as is the case for all the other Vocational subjects, is assessed
according to five levels of competence. The level descriptions are explained in the following table.
Scale of Achievement for the Vocational component
RATING CODE RATING MARKS %
5 Outstanding 80-100
4 Highly competent 70-79
3 Competent 50-69
2 Not yet competent 40-49
1 Not achieved 0-39

The programme of assessment should be recorded in the Lecturer’s Portfolio of Assessment for each
subject. The following should at least be included in the Lecturer’s Assessment Portfolio:
 A contents page
 The formal schedule of assessment
 The requirements for each assessment task
 The tools used for each assessment task
 Recording instrument(s) for each assessment task
 A mark sheet and report for each assessment task
The college must standardise these documents.

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The student’s Portfolio of Evidence (PoE) must at least include:

 A contents page
 The assessment tasks according to the assessment schedule
 The assessment tools or instruments for the task
 A record of the marks (and comments) achieved for each task
Where tasks cannot be contained as evidence in the Portfolio of Evidence (PoE), its exact location must be
recorded and it must be readily available for moderation purposes.

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ASSESSMENT OF
INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
LEVEL 2

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3 INTERNAL ASSESSMENT OF SUBJECT OUTCOMES IN INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEMS

DEVELOPMENT – LEVEL 2
Topic 1: Basic Concepts of Systems and Application Software
SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 1.1 Explain what software is and categorise the types of software.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 An explanation of the term software is given.  Explain the term software.
 The explanation differentiates between the types of  Differentiate between the types of software and their
software and their purpose. purposes.
Range (Application and Systems Software)  Differentiate between proprietary and open source
 The explanation identifies the differences between software.
open source and proprietary software.  Outline the reasons for different versions within the
 The explanation outlines the reasons why there are same software.
different versions within the same software.

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 1.2 Describe some features common to all types of application software.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 The description identifies the different features  Identify and demonstrate the different features
common to all types of applications software. common to all types of application software
 Different types of application software and their use  List and describe different types of application
are listed and described. software and their use.
 The description explains the purpose and use of  Explain the purpose and use of the types of features
features common to all types of application software. common to all types of application software.
 The explanation outlines the installation processes for  Outline the processes for installing application
application software. software.
SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 1.3 Define system software.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 System software is defined.  Briefly describe the term system software.
 Operating system is defined in terms of tasks it  Define the operating system in terms of the tasks it
performs. performs in a computer.
 Utility programs are defined in terms of their use.  Define utility programs in terms of their use.
 Language translators are defined in terms of their  Define language translators in terms of their purpose,
purpose, with examples. with examples.

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 1.4 Name and describe microcomputer operating systems and operating environments.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 Different types of operating systems and the  Name and describe different types of operating
environment in which they operate are named and systems.
described.  Describe the environment in which the types of
 The environment in which the types of operating operating systems operate.
systems operate is described.  Outline the history of the different operating systems
 The description outlines the history of the different in terms of proprietary and open source.
operating systems in terms of proprietary and open
source.
ASSESSMENT TASKS OR ACTIVITIES FOR TOPIC 1
 Class test
 Assignment
 Group work

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Topic 2: Software Development and Programming Languages Concepts

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 2.1 Describe the generations of programming languages.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 The description lists the generations of programming  List the generations of programming languages in
languages in which they have evolved. which they have evolved.
 The description outlines the types and levels of  Outline the types and levels of programming
programming languages in terms of technicality, languages in terms of technicality, flexibility, user-
flexibility, user-friendliness and speed. friendliness and speed.
 The description includes strengths and limitations of  Compare the strengths and limitations of
programming languages. programming languages.

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 2.2 Describe the uses for some of the most popular high-level programming languages.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 The description lists some of the most popular high-  List and describe the most popular high-level
level programming languages. programming languages.
 The uses of high-level programming languages are  Explain the uses of high-level programming
described. languages.
 The advantages and disadvantages of high-level  Compare the advantages and disadvantages of high-
programming languages are described. level programming languages.

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 2.3 Describe concepts relating to object-oriented and visual programming.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 Object-oriented and visual programming  Describe object-oriented and visual programming
methodologies are described with reference to EDP methodologies with reference to EDP (Event Driven
(Event Driven Programming) and RAD (Rapid Programming) and RAD (Rapid Application
Application Development. Development.
 The term visual programming is explained in terms of  Explain the term visual programming language in
its concepts. terms of its concepts.
 Object-oriented programming languages are briefly  Explain object-oriented programming languages in
described in terms of the concepts involved. terms of the concepts involved.
Range: Classes, objects, encapsulation, abstraction,
inheritance, polymorphism

 The relation between Visual programming, Rapid  Explain the relation between Visual programming,
Application Development, Object Orientation and Rapid Application Development , Object Orientation
Object Oriented Programming is explained. and Object Oriented Programming
 Object-oriented programming is described in terms of  Explain object-oriented programming in terms of the
the re-use of classes and the implementation of re-use of classes and the implementation of objects.
objects.  List examples of object-oriented programming
 Examples of object-oriented programming languages languages.
are listed.

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 2.4 Name and discuss basic steps in developing a computer program.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 The basic steps to develop a computer program are  Name the basic steps for developing a computer
named. program.
 The basic steps involved in a computer program  Discuss briefly the basic steps involved in a computer
development cycle (PLDC) are briefly discussed. program development cycle (PLDC).
Range: Define the problem, analyse the given
Problem, design a solution, code a solution, debug and
test the solution, implement the solution

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SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 2.5 Describe software development tools.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 Examples of software development tools are named.  Name examples of software development tools.
 Software development tools are briefly described.  Briefly describe these software development tools.
ASSESSMENT TASKS OR ACTIVITIES FOR TOPIC 2
 Class tests  Group work
 Discussions  Assignments

Topic 3: Computer Data Storage

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 3.1 Demonstrate an understanding of computer data types.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 The demonstration distinguishes between data types  Distinguish between data types with examples and
 and includes examples and how it is stored in the way the data is stored in memory
memory  Distinguish categories of coding systems and their
 The description of the use of coding systems in a uses in a computerised environment
computerised environment distinguishes categories of  Explain and illustrate how data manipulation
coding systems and includes examples. operations are performed on data types.
Range (ASCII, EBCDIC, UniCode)
 The demonstration illustrates how data manipulation
operations are performed on data types.
ASSESSMENT TASKS OR ACTIVITIES FOR TOPIC 3
 Class tests  Assignments
 Discussions  Practical tests
 Group work

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Topic 4: Basic Computer Programming and Problem Solving

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 4.1 Explain problem solving in the computer programming environment
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 The description provides an appreciation of the steps  Describe problem solving in a computer programming
and techniques of the problem solving process. environment
Range: Understand the problem, devise a plan, carry  Name and describe the steps and techniques of
out the plan, review the solution, apply changes and problem solving.
test and implement the plan, theoretical problems
solving without referring to a specific programming
language

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 4.2 Analyse collected data and apply simple statistical formulas to motivate decisions.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 A frequency table (which includes the cumulative  Create a frequency table using a given range of
frequency) can be created using a given range of values
values.  Create a simple barchart (by hand) using data from a
 a bar chart can be created using data from a frequency table
frequency table.  Calculate statistical values such as mean, median,
 statistical values such as mean, median, mode, range mode, range and midrange
and midrange can be calculated.  Implement statistical formulas as part of the
 Statistical formulas are implemented as part of the construction and development of a solution to a
development of a solution to a problem problem

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 4.3 Solve problems applying critical and lateral thinking skills.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 problems are solved using calculations.  Solve a problem using simple calculations
 problems are solved using calculations involving  Solve a problem using calculations using relationships
relationships.  Solve a problem by means of elimination
 problems are solved using elimination  Express a problem as a calculation in pseudocode
 a problem is expressed as a calculation in
pseudocode

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 4.4 Analyse a problem, delete redundant information and recognize that data is missing
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 redundant information in a problem statement can be  Identify and delete redundant information in a problem
identified and deleted statement
 missing information in a problem statement can be  Identify missing information as part of a problem
identified, to extrapolate the core problem statement, to extract the core problem

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 4.5 Define the basic terminology used in data processing and give examples of the programming
concepts.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 Input and output can be identified for a given problem.  Identify input and output as part of a given problem.
 The steps needed in the processing part of an  Provide the steps needed in the processing and
algorithm can be provided. construction of an algorithm
 The difference between data and information can be  Explain the difference between data and information

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explained.  Identify the variables needed as part of an algorithm

 The variables needed as part of an algorithm can be  Provide valid variable names
identified.
 Identify constants
 Valid variable names can be provided.
 Suggest valid datatypes for a variable
 Constants can be identified.
 Valid data types for variables can be suggested.

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 4.6 Produce and document an algorithm
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 An algorithm is defined and its use is explained.  Define an algorithm and explain what it is used
 Inputs, processes and the desired outputs needed to for.
construct an algorithm are identified.  Identify inputs, processes and outputs needed to
 An IPO chart is drawn for a given problem. construct an algorithm.
 The description identifies the algorithmic structures  Draw an IPO chart for a given problem.
needed to produce a feasible algorithm to solve a  Identify the algorithmic structures needed to
given problem. produce a feasible algorithm to solve a given
problem.

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 4.7 Produce and document pseudocode for a given problem
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 Pseudo-code is defined and its use is explained  Define pseudo-code and explain what it is used for.
 The difference between an algorithm and pseudo-  Differentiate between an algorithm and pseudo-code
code is indicated with reference to the level of detail with reference to the level of detail involved.
involved.

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 4.8 Solve a problem by writing an algorithm using input, output and processing statements only in
sequential steps.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 a summary of variable descriptions, names and data  Provide a summary of variable descriptions names
types for an algorithm can be provided. and datatypes for an algorithm
 algorithms can be written for solutions requiring  Write algorithms for solutions requiring sequential
sequential steps. steps
 A trace table can be created to validate an algorithm  Create a trace table to validate an algorithm or to
or to predict the output of an algorithm using data predict the output of an algorithm using the data
provided. provided.

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 4.9 Solve a problem that contains calculations by writing an algorithm using sequential steps.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 mathematical calculations can be translated into  translate mathematical calculations into pseudocode
pseudocode format. format
 problems involving integer division and the remainder  Solve problems involving integer division and the
of integer division (mod) can be solved. remainder of integer division (mod)
 the rules of the order of processing can be applied in  Apply the rules of the order of processing in the
writing pseudocode for a mathematical calculation writing of pseudocode for a mathematical calculation

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 4.10 Solve a problem by writing an algorithm that contains input, output, calculations and decisions.
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES

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 pseudocode can be written, and output predicted for  Write pseudocode and predict the output for problems
problems requiring If statements. requiring if statements
 pseudocode can be written, and output predicted for  Write pseudocode and predict output for problems
problems requiring If-then-else statements. requiring if-then-else statements
 pseudocode can be written, and output predicted for  Write pseudocode and predict output for problems
problems requiring nested If-then-else statements for requiring nested if-then-else statements for a
a maximum of three options. maximum of three options
 Compound conditions can be designed using the  Design compound conditions using the AND and OR
AND and OR logical operators logical operators
 A given nested if then else statement is rewritten  Rewrite a given nested if-then-else statement using
using compound operators and vice versa compound operators and vice versa

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 4.11 Solve a problem by writing an algorithm that contains input, output, calculations, decisions and, or a
fixed counter loop, or pre or post-test loop or combination thereof
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 pseudocode can be written, and output predicted for  Write pseudocode and predict the output for problems
problems requiring a For loop. using a For loop
 pseudocode can be written, and output predicted for  Write pseudocode and predict the output for problems
problems requiring it to implement a pre or post test requiring it to use a pre or post test loop.
loop

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 4.12 Produce and document pseudocode for a given problem
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 A given problem is solved by implementing logically  Produce pseudocode to solve a given problem by
correct program and problem solving constructs implementing logically-correct program and problem
using pseudocode. solving constructs and techniques.

Range: (Combination of all previous subject

outcomes related to topic 4) which pertain to
sequential structures with reference to variables,
assignments and numerical expressions.
Decision structures with reference to simple if
statements and Boolean conditions and relational
operators (bigger as and smaller than, equal and not
equal to, NOT, AND and OR
Simple if then else statements nested to a maximum
of three levels.
Simple case statements
Iteration structures with reference to simple pre-
condition, post condition and fixed condition loops
excluding nested loops

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 4.13 Produce and implement alternate design methods to document a specification or solution for a given
problem
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 Alternate methods for documenting and specifying a  List and briefly explain alternate methods for
solution for a given problem are listed and briefly documenting and specifying a solution for a given
explained. problem.
Range, flow charts, Nassi-Shneiderman diagrams,

 Alternate methods are used to document a solution.  Use alternate methods to document a solution.

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SUBJECT OUTCOME

SO 4.14 Implement an Event Driven programming language to solve a given problem

ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 An appropriate event-driven visual programming Use an appropriate event driven visual programming
language is used to implement the designed solution. language for implementing the designed solution.
 A given algorithm or piece of pseudocode is  Translate and code solution based on an algorithm or
translated into a solution piece of pseudocode
 A program is developed and coded according to the  Use the IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
designed solution. of the programming language to write the source code
 Different GUI controls are incorporated as part of the according to the solution designed.
development of the solution  Incorporate different GUI controls in the development
 A program is compiled free of syntax and logical of the solution
errors.  Compile and debug the developed program for syntax
 The program is validated using sample data. and logical errors.
 Test the correctness of program using sample data.
NOTE on the Subject Outcome
Basic GUI controls are to be used in the development of applications and solutions which are applicable to all the
subject outcomes of Topic 4.

The controls should be limited to a single form and a combination of the following controls, as required to solve the
problem which include: Textboxes, Labels, Listboxes, Checkboxes, Buttons, and image. Simple dialogs and
inputboxes could also form part of the solution.

ASSESSMENT TASKS OR ACTIVITIES FOR TOPIC 4

 Class tests  Assignments
 Discussions  Practical tasks & tests
 Group work

Topic 5: Principles of Computer Program Quality Assurance and Project Viability

SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 5.1 Describe the basic principles of program quality assurance
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 The description identifies good program  Explain the principles of good program
documentation principles. documentation.
Range (at least three): General readability,  Explain the principles of programming quality
meaningful variable names, indentation and program assurance (QA).
comments  Distinguish between validation and verification.
 The description identifies programming quality
assurance (QA) principles.
Range: Syntax checking, test data and test plan
 The description distinguishes between validation and
verification.
SUBJECT OUTCOME
SO 5.2 Describe the principles used to determine project viability
ASSESSMENT STANDARDS LEARNING OUTCOMES
 The explanation provides an evaluation of the viability  Explain how to evaluate the viability of developing
of developing computer programs to solve problems computer programs to solve problems.
and identifies the critical issues in the assessment of  Identify the issues involved in assessing the viability
the viability in terms of the programs design. of developing computer programs in terms of its
Range: Processing (Batch , Online, Direct), design.
User interface type (Keyboard or Mouse Driven,
Console or Visual)
Possible expansions and enhancements to the
solution.

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ASSESSMENT TASKS OR ACTIVITIES FOR TOPIC 5

 Class tests  Group work & tasks
 Discussions  Assignments

4 WEIGHTING OF TOPICS

WEIGHTING OF TOPICS
Topic Weighting
Topic 1: Basic Concepts of Systems and Application Software 10%
Topic 2: Software Development and Programming Languages Concepts 10%
Topic 3: Computer Data Storage 5%
Topic 4: Basic Computer Programming and Problem Solving 70%
Topic 5: Principles of Computer Program Quality Assurance and Project Viability 5%
TOTAL
100%

5 SPECIFICATIONS FOR EXTERNAL ASSESSMENT IN INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEMS

DEVELOPMENT – LEVEL 2

5.1 Integrated summative assessment task (ISAT)

A compulsory component of the external assessment (ESASS) is the integrated summative assessment
task (ISAT). The integrated summative assessment task (ISAT) draws on the students’ cumulative learning
achieved throughout the year. The task requires integrated application of competence and is executed
and recorded in compliance with assessment conditions.
Two approaches to the integrated summative assessment task (ISAT) may be as follows:
The students are assigned a task at the beginning of the year which they will have to complete in phases
throughout the year to obtain an assessment mark. A final assessment is made at the end of the year when
the task is completed.
OR
Students achieve the competencies throughout the year but the competencies are assessed cumulatively in
a single assessment or examination session at the end of the year.
The integrated summative assessment task (ISAT) is set by an externally appointed examiner and is
conveyed to colleges in the first quarter of the year.
The integrated assessment approach enables students to be assessed in more than one subject with the
same integrated summative assessment task (ISAT).

5.2 National Examination

A National Examination is conducted annually in October or November by means of a paper(s) set and
moderated externally. The following distribution of cognitive application should be followed:
LEVEL 2

KNOWLEDGE AND ANALYSIS, SYNTHESIS AND

APPLICATION
COMPREHENSION EVALUATION

40% 40% 20%

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