INTRODUCTION TO STATICS OF RIGID BODIES

CET 0214-9 | BSME 2-1

Newton (1642-1727) to find a

MECHANICS satisfactory formulation of its
fundamental principles
● Can be defined as the science which ● The basic concepts used in
describes and predicts the conditions mechanics are space, time, mass and
of rest or motions of bodies upon the force. These concepts cannot be truly
action forces. defined; they should be accepted on
the basis of our intuition and
MECHANICS experience and used as a mental
frame of reference for our study of
mechanics.

SCALAR VS VECTOR QUANTITIES

Mechanics is the foundation of most

engineering sciences and is an
indispensable prerequisite to the
study.

FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS
AND PRINCIPLE

● Although the study of mechanics

goes back to the time of Aristotle
(384-322 BC) and Archimedes
(287-212 BC), one has to wait until
INTRODUCTION TO STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
CET 0214-9 | BSME 2-1

involved in the analysis of statics

problems.

MASS
➢ Is the measure of the inertia of a
body, which is its resistance to a
change of velocity. Mass can also be
thought of as the quantity of matter
in a body. The mass of a body affects
the gravitational attraction force
between it and other bodies. This
force appears in many applications in
statics.

FORCE
➢ Is the action of one body on another.
A force tends to move a body in the
direction of its action. The action of a
SPACE
force is characterized by its
➢ Is the geometric region occupied by magnitude, directions, and its point
bodies whose positions are of application.
described by the linear and angular
measurements relative to a
coordinate system. For
PARTICLE
three-dimensional problems, three
independent coordinates are needed. ➢ A particle is a body of negligible
For two-dimensional problems, only dimensions. In the mathematical
two coordinates are required. sense, a particle is a body whose
dimensions are considered to be
near zero so that we may analyze it
TIME
as a mass concentrated at a point.
➢ Is the measure of the succession of
events and is a basic quantity in
dynamics. Time is not directly
INTRODUCTION TO STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
CET 0214-9 | BSME 2-1

RIGID BODY FIRST LAW

➢ A body is considered rigid when the ➢ If the resultant force acting on a
change in distance between any two particle is zero, the particle will
of its points is negligible for the remain at rest (if originally at rest) or
purpose at hand. will move with constant speed in a
straight line (if originally in motion).

FORCE
➢ Defined as that which changes, or
tends to change, the state of motion
of a body. This definition applies to
the external effect of a force. The
internal effect of a force is to produce
stress and deformation in the body
on which the force acts.

SECOND LAW
CHARACTERISTICS
➢ If the resultant force acting on a
★ Its magnitude particle is not zero, the particle will
★ The position of its line of action; and have an acceleration proportional to
★ The direction (or sense) in which the the magnitude of the resultant and
force acts along its line of action. indirection this resultant force.

NEWTON’S THREE FUNDAMENTAL

LAW

Formylated by Sir Isaac Newton in

the latter part of the 17th century, these
laws can be stated as:
INTRODUCTION TO STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
CET 0214-9 | BSME 2-1

THIRD LAW PARALLELOGRAM LAW FOR ADDITION

➢ The forces of action and reaction AND THE TRIANGLE LAW
between bodies in contact have the ➢ This states that two forces acting on
same magnitude, same line of action a particle may be replaced by a
and opposite sense. single force, called their resultant,
obtained by drawing the diagonal of
the parallelogram which has sides
equal to the given forces.
➢ Triangular law of forces states that if
there are two forces which are
congregating or transient through a
point then the third or enclosing side
of a triangle such that.

NEWTON’S LAW OF GRAVITATION

➢ This states that two particles of
mass M and m mutually attracted
with equal and opposite forces F and
–F of magnitude given by the
formula:

WHERE:

PRINCIPLE OF TRANSMISSIBILITY
➢ This states that the conditions of
equilibrium or of motion of a rigid
body will remain unchanged if a
force acting at a given point of the
rigid body is replaced by a force of
INTRODUCTION TO STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
CET 0214-9 | BSME 2-1

the same magnitude and same determine whether or not it seems

direction, but acting at a different reasonable.
point, provided that the two forces UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS
have the same line of action.

The four basic quantities – length,

time, mass and force – are not all
independent from one another; infact, they
are related by Newton’s second law of
motion, F=ma. Because of this, the units
used to measure these quantities cannot
all be selected arbitrarily. The equality
F=ma is maintained only if three of the four
units, called base units, are defined and the
fourth unit is then derived from the
equation.

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR

ANALYSIS S.I UNITS

➢ Read the problem carefully and try ➢ The International System of units,
to correlate the actual physical abbreviated SI after French “Systeme
situation with the theory studied. International d’Unites”, is a modern
➢ Tabulate the problem data and draw version of the metric system which
to a large scale any necessary has received worldwide recognition.
diagrams.
➢ Apply the relevant principles, U.S. CUSTOMARY
generally in mathematical form. ➢ U.S. customary system (FPS)
When writing any equations, be sure
they are dimensionally
homogeneous.
➢ Solve the necessary equations, and
report the answer with no more than
three significant figures.
➢ Study the answer with technical
judgment and common sense to
INTRODUCTION TO STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
CET 0214-9 | BSME 2-1

PROBLEM #2
A rocket has a mass of 250x103 slugs on
earth. Specify:
A. its mass in SI units;
SAMPLE PROBLEMS B. its weight in SI units;

PROBLEM #1
If a car is traveling at 55mi/hr, determine
its speed in kilometers per hour and
meters per second.

NOTE:
INTRODUCTION TO STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
CET 0214-9 | BSME 2-1

PROBLEM #2 PROBLEM #4
If the rocket is on the moon, where the Water has a density of 1.94 slug/ft3.
acceleration due to gravity is 5.30ft/s2, What is the density expressed in SI
C. its weight in SI units; and units?
D. its mass in SI units

PROBLEM #5
Two particles have a mass of 8kg and
12kg, respectively. If they are 800mm
apart, determine the force of gravity
acting between them.
PROBLEM #3
Convert each of the following:
A. 165lb/ft3 to KN/m3
B. 6ft/hr to mm/s
C. 835lb.ft to KN.m