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    Objects and Classes

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    nandhinisegar09
    The document discusses C# classes, objects, constructors, destructors, access modifiers and the this keyword. It provides examples of creating classes, defining fields and methods, instantiating objects, and accessing members with different access levels.

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    Objects and Classes

    Uploaded by

    nandhinisegar09
    10 views33 pages
    The document discusses C# classes, objects, constructors, destructors, access modifiers and the this keyword. It provides examples of creating classes, defining fields and methods, instantiating objects, and accessing members with different access levels.

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    Objects and Class documents

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    The document discusses C# classes, objects, constructors, destructors, access modifiers and the this keyword. It provides examples of creating classes, defining fields and methods, instantiating objects, and accessing members with different access levels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    10 views33 pages

    Objects and Classes

    Uploaded by

    nandhinisegar09
    The document discusses C# classes, objects, constructors, destructors, access modifiers and the this keyword. It provides examples of creating classes, defining fields and methods, instantiating objects, and accessing members with different access levels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 33

    C# Object and Class

    Object
    • object is an entity that has state and behavior.
    – Here, state means data and behavior means
    functionality.
    – Object is an instance of a class. All the members of
    the class can be accessed through object.
    Eg:
    Student s1 = new Student()
    C# Class
    • In C#, class is a group of similar objects. It is a
    template from which objects are created. It can
    have fields, methods, constructors etc.
    Eg:
    public class Student
    {
    int id;//field or data member
    String name;//field or data member
    }
    C# Object and Class Example
    using System;
    public class Student
    {
    int id;//data member (also instance variable)
    String name;//data member(also instance variable)
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    Student s1 = new Student();//creating an object of Student
    s1.id = 101;
    s1.name = "Sonoo Jaiswal";
    Console.WriteLine(s1.id);
    Console.WriteLine(s1.name);
    }
    }
    C# Class Example 2: Having Main() in
    another class
    using System;
    public class Student
    {
    public int id;
    public String name;
    }
    class TestStudent{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    Student s1 = new Student();
    s1.id = 101;
    s1.name = "Sonoo Jaiswal";
    Console.WriteLine(s1.id);
    Console.WriteLine(s1.name);
    }
    }
    C# Class Example 3: Initialize and
    Display data through method
    using System;
    public class Student
    {
    public int id;
    public String name;
    public void insert(int i, String n)
    {
    id = i;
    name = n;
    }
    public void display()
    {
    Console.WriteLine(id + " " + name);
    }
    }
    C# Class Example 3: Initialize and
    Display data through method
    class TestStudent{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    Student s1 = new Student();
    Student s2 = new Student();
    s1.insert(101, "Ajeet");
    s2.insert(102, "Tom");
    s1.display();
    s2.display();

    }
    }
    C# Class Example 4: Store and Display
    Employee Information
    using System;
    public class Employee
    {
    public int id;
    public String name;
    public float salary;
    public void insert(int i, String n,float s)
    {
    id = i;
    name = n;
    salary = s;
    }
    C# Class Example 4: Store and Display
    Employee Information
    public void display()
    {
    Console.WriteLine(id + " " + name+" "+sal
    ary);
    }
    }
    C# Class Example 4: Store and Display
    Employee Information
    class TestEmployee{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    Employee e1 = new Employee();
    Employee e2 = new Employee();
    e1.insert(101, "Sonoo",890000f);
    e2.insert(102, "Mahesh", 490000f);
    e1.display();
    e2.display();
    }
    }
    C# Constructor
    In C#, constructor is a special method which is
    invoked automatically at the time of object
    creation. It is used to initialize the data members
    of new object generally. The constructor in C#
    has the same name as class or struct.
    There can be two types of constructors in C#.
    – Default constructor
    – Parameterized constructor
    C# Default Constructor
    using System;
    public class Employee
    {
    public Employee()
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Default Constructor Invoked");
    }
    }
    class TestEmployee{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    Employee e1 = new Employee();
    Employee e2 = new Employee();
    }
    }
    C# Parameterized Constructor
    using System;
    public class Employee
    {
    public int id;
    public String name;
    public float salary;
    public Employee(int i, String n,float s)
    {
    id = i;
    name = n;
    salary = s;
    }
    C# Parameterized Constructor
    public void display()
    {
    Console.WriteLine(id + " " + name+" "+salary);
    }
    }
    class TestEmployee{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    Employee e1 = new Employee(101, "Sonoo", 890000f);
    Employee e2 = new Employee(102, "Mahesh", 490000f);
    e1.display();
    e2.display();

    }
    }
    C# Destructor
    • A destructor works opposite to constructor, It
    destructs the objects of classes. It can be
    defined only once in a class. Like constructors,
    it is invoked automatically.
    C# Constructor and Destructor
    Example
    using System;
    public class Employee
    {
    public Employee()
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Constructor Invoked");
    }
    ~Employee()
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Destructor Invoked");
    }
    }
    C# Constructor and Destructor
    Example
    class TestEmployee{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    Employee e1 = new Employee();
    Employee e2 = new Employee();
    }
    }
    C# this
    In c# programming, this is a keyword that refers to
    the current instance of the class. There can be 3
    main usage of this keyword in C#.
    • It can be used to refer current class instance
    variable. It is used if field names (instance
    variables) and parameter names are same, that is
    why both can be distinguish easily.
    • It can be used to pass current object as a
    parameter to another method.
    • It can be used to declare indexers.
    C# this example
    using System;
    public class Employee
    {
    public int id;
    public String name;
    public float salary;
    public Employee(int id, String name,float salary)
    {
    this.id = id;
    this.name = name;
    this.salary = salary;
    }
    C# this example
    public void display()
    {
    Console.WriteLine(id + " " + name+" "+salary);
    }
    }
    class TestEmployee{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    Employee e1 = new Employee(101, "Sonoo", 890000f);
    Employee e2 = new Employee(102, "Mahesh", 490000f);
    e1.display();
    e2.display();

    }
    }
    C# Access Modifiers
    Access Specifier Description
    Public It specifies that access is not restricted.

    Protected It specifies that access is limited to the


    containing class or in derived class.
    Internal It specifies that access is limited to the
    current assembly.
    protected internal It specifies that access is limited to the
    current assembly or types derived from
    the containing class.
    Private It specifies that access is limited to the
    containing type.
    C# Public Access Specifier
    using System;
    namespace AccessSpecifiers
    {
    class PublicTest
    {
    public string name = "Shantosh Kumar";
    public void Msg(string msg)
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Hello " + msg);
    }
    }
    C# Public Access Specifier
    class Program
    {
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    PublicTest publicTest = new PublicTest();
    // Accessing public variable
    Console.WriteLine("Hello " + publicTest.name);
    // Accessing public function
    publicTest.Msg("Peter Decosta");
    }
    }
    }
    C# Protected Access Specifier
    using System;
    namespace AccessSpecifiers
    {
    class ProtectedTest
    {
    protected string name = "Shashikant";
    protected void Msg(string msg)
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Hello " + msg);
    }
    }
    C# Protected Access Specifier
    class Program
    {
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    ProtectedTest protectedTest = new ProtectedTest();
    // Accessing protected variable
    Console.WriteLine("Hello "+ protectedTest.name);
    // Accessing protected function
    protectedTest.Msg("Swami Ayyer");
    }
    }
    }
    C# Protected Access Specifier
    Corrected
    using System;
    namespace AccessSpecifiers
    {
    class ProtectedTest
    {
    protected string name = "Shashikant";
    protected void Msg(string msg)
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Hello " + msg);
    }
    }
    C# Protected Access Specifier
    Corrected
    • class Program : ProtectedTest
    • {
    • static void Main(string[] args)
    • {
    • Program program = new Program();
    • // Accessing protected variable
    • Console.WriteLine("Hello " + program.name);
    • // Accessing protected function
    • program.Msg("Swami Ayyer");
    • }
    • }
    • }
    C# Internal Access Specifier
    using System;
    namespace AccessSpecifiers
    {
    class InternalTest
    {
    internal string name = "Shantosh Kumar";
    internal void Msg(string msg)
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Hello " + msg);
    }
    }
    C# Internal Access Specifier
    class Program
    {
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    InternalTest internalTest = new InternalTest();
    // Accessing internal variable
    Console.WriteLine("Hello " + internalTest.name);
    // Accessing internal function
    internalTest.Msg("Peter Decosta");
    }
    }
    }
    C# Protected Internal Access Specifier
    using System;
    namespace AccessSpecifiers
    {
    class InternalTest
    {
    protected internal string name = "Shantosh Kumar";
    protected internal void Msg(string msg)
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Hello " + msg);
    }
    }
    C# Protected Internal Access Specifier
    class Program
    {
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    InternalTest internalTest = new InternalTest();
    // Accessing protected internal variable
    Console.WriteLine("Hello " + internalTest.name);
    // Accessing protected internal function
    internalTest.Msg("Peter Decosta");
    }
    }
    }
    C# Private Access Specifier
    using System;
    namespace AccessSpecifiers
    {
    class PrivateTest
    {
    private string name = "Shantosh Kumar";
    private void Msg(string msg)
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Hello " + msg);
    }
    }
    C# Private Access Specifier
    class Program
    {
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    PrivateTest privateTest = new PrivateTest();
    // Accessing private variable
    Console.WriteLine("Hello " + privateTest.name);
    // Accessing private function
    privateTest.Msg("Peter Decosta");
    }
    }
    }

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