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Student No 
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UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

JUNE FINAL EXAMINATION 2021

FINAL ANSWERS ONLY

CEM1008F – CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS

Time: TWO HOURS

Full Marks: 80
1. Check that your exam paper is complete. This paper comprises two sections. Section A
consists of 13 multiple choice questions; these must be answered on the separate MCQ
answer sheet provided. Section B consists of 9 long questions; these must be answered
on this question paper in the space provided. Opposite blank pages may be used if
required.
2. The questions are not of equal value.
3. Answer ALL the questions.
4. There are 17 pages, which include a periodic table, a sheet with aqueous solubility rules
and an equation sheet.
5. An extra 10 minutes reading time is provided before the start of the examination. No
writing is allowed during this period.
SECTION A: Multiple Choice Questions; use the MCQ answer sheet.
SECTION B: Long Questions; write in the spaces provided on the question
paper.

To be completed by examiner for Section B:

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Total

Internal

External
 SECTION A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

▪ Circle the correct response. Copy your responses onto the COMPUTER
ANSWER SHEET USING AN HB PENCIL. ONLY THE COMPUTER ANSWER
SHEET WILL BE GRADED! AS A GUIDELINE, SPEND APPROXIMATELY 30
MINUTES ON SECTION A.

▪ There is only ONE CORRECT RESPONSE to each question. You will be given a
ZERO score for a question if (there is NO NEGATIVE MARKING):
a) you give more than one response to a question,
b) you give an incorrect response,
c) you give no response
___________________________________________________________________

Question A1

E. copper(II) oxide Cu2O

[2]

Question A2

D. +7
[2]
Question A3

B. 4 3 −3
[2]
Question A4

A. S2− > S > Cl > K+ > Ca2+

[2]
Question A5

C. 1.19 mol dm-3

[3]
Question A6

B. 86.3 kJ
[4]
Question A7

A. ΔHsys is positive and ΔSsurr is negative

[2]

2
Question A8

E. –7.51 x 104 J g–1

[2]
Question A9

A. 133 g
[2]
Question A10

D. The solute particles lower the solvent's vapor pressure, thus requiring a higher
temperature to cause boiling.
[3]
Question A11

E. 1, 2, and 3
[2]
Question A12

D. 10
Question A13

A. Propionic acid
[2]

TOTAL [30]
END OF SECTION A

3
SECTION B

• There are 9 questions in this Section. TOTAL MARKS: 50

▪ Answers to Section B must be completed on this question paper in the space
provided. AS A GUIDELINE, SPEND APPROXIMATELY 90 MINUTES ON
SECTION B.
• For questions involving calculations, do not write only the final answer. Your
answer will only be marked if the method is clearly shown. Include units in
your final answer.
• PLEASE NOTE THAT ONLY FINAL ANSWERS ARE GIVEN IN THIS MEMO. IN
THE EXAMINATION YOU WOULD HAVE TO SHOW DETAILED WORKING
AND PROVIDE EXPLANATIONS, WHERE REQUIRED, IN ORDER TO SCORE
FULL MARKS. INCLUDE UNITS IN ANSWERS WHERE CALCULATIONS ARE
PERFORMED. ALSO, ONLY THE FINAL MARK IS PROVIDED HERE AND NOT
THE MARKS BREAKDOWN.

________________________________________________________________
Question B1

Mass of sample = 0.1489 g

Empirical formula = C5H12

[6]
Question B2

a)

(i) 2 Ag(NO3) (aq) + CuCl2 (aq) → 2 AgCl (s) + Cu(NO3)2 (aq)

(ii) 2 Ag+ (aq) + 2 Cl–(aq) → 2 AgCl (s)

b)

(i) C6H8O7 (aq) + NaOH (aq) → C6H7O7Na (aq) + H2O (l)

(ii) C6H8O7 (aq) + OH– (aq) → C6H7O7 – (aq) + H2O (l)

[4]
Question B3

(a)

(i) Thus, TiO2 is the limiting reagent.

(ii) Mass of C remaining = 3.78 g

4
(b) Actual mass = 125 g

[8]

Question B4

Rb < K < Ca. First ionization energy increases across a period from left to right, whilst
it decreases down a group. It is more difficult to remove an electron that is closer to
the nucleus therefore ionization energy increases with smaller size.

Question B5

(a) ΔH°rxn = -790.4 kJ (2)

ΔG°rxn = -740.8 kJ (2)

ΔS°rxn = -0.166 kJ K-1 or -166 J K-1

(b) Spontaneous. ΔG°rxn < 0.

(c) ΔG°rxn = ΔH°rxn - TΔS°rxn

ΔH°rxn < 0 and therefore contributes to making ΔG°rxn < 0. ΔS°rxn < 0, therefore
-TΔS°rxn > 0 and contributes to making ΔG°rxn > 0. Since ΔH°rxn is a large negative
number, it ‘outweighs’ the contribution from the TΔS°rxn term and therefore ΔH°rxn
is the driving force in making the reaction spontaneous.

[9]

5
Question B6

Molar mass = 148 g mol-1

[5]

Question B7

(a) There are less moles of gaseous reactants than products (1→2), so we should
increase the volume (decrease the pressure) to shift the reaction to the right
(increase the yield of NO2).

(b) Mixture not at equilibrium

Qc = 1.76 > Kc, therefore the reaction proceeds towards the reactants so that Qc can
decrease to the value of Kc.

(c) Kc = 2.18
[6]
Question B8

𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟎𝟐
[6]
Question B9

(a) Ag (s) + Cl– (aq) → AgCl (s) + e–

(b) 2 H+ (aq) + 2 e– → H2 (g)

(c) 2 Ag (s) + 2 Cl– (aq) + 2 H+ (aq) → 2 AgCl (s) + H2 (g)

[3]

END OF SECTION B TOTAL [50]

END OF EXAM TOTAL [80]

6
 Periodic Table of the Elements
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1 2
H He
1.008 4.0026
2.1 KEY -
3 4 Atomic Number 29 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be Cu Symbol B C N O F Ne
6.941 9.012 Atomic Mass (amu) 63.55 10.81 12.011 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18
1.0 1.5 1.9 Electronegativity 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 -
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Note: Atomic mass values are rounded off to Al Si P S Cl Ar
22.99 24.31 four or five significant figures 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.06 35.45 39.95
0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.5 3.0 -
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39.10 40.08 44.96 47.87 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.71 63.55 65.38 69.72 72.59 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.80
0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 -
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.94 (97) 101.07 102.91 106.4 107.86 112.40 114.82 118.7 121.75 127.60 126.90 131.30
0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.5 -
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba La* Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
132.91 137.34 138.91 178.49 180.95 183.85 186.21 190.2 192.22 195.09 196.97 200.59 204.37 207.2 208.98 (209) (210) (222)
0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.4 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 -
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
Fr Ra Ac** Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
(223) (226) (227) (267) (268) (269) (270) (269) (278) (281) (280) (285) (286) (289) (289) (293) (294) (294)
0.7 0.9 1.1 -

58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
LANTHANOIDS * Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
140.1 140.9 144.2 (147) 150.4 152.0 157.2 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.0 175.0
1.1 1.2
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
ACTINOIDS **
232.0 (231) 238.0 (237) (242) (243) (247) (247) (251) (254) (253) (256) (254) (257)
1.3 1.5 1.7
 Solubility Rules and Guidelines for Aqueous Solutions

Soluble Ionic Compounds Exceptions

NO3–, CH3COO–, ClO3–, ClO4– KClO4
Cl–, Br–, I– Ag+, Hg22+, Pb2+, Cu+
F– Pb2+, Group 2A
SO42– Ag+, Hg22+, Pb2+, Group 2A (Ca2+,
Ba2+)
Insoluble Ionic Compounds Exceptions
OH– Group 1A, Group 2A (Ca2+ and
larger members)
CO32–, PO43– NH4+, Group 1A
S2– NH4+, Group 1A, Group 2A

1. Salts of ammonium (NH4+) and Group 1A are soluble

2. Nitrates (NO3–) and acetates (CH3COO–) are soluble, as are the most common
chlorates (ClO3–) and perchlorates (ClO4–)
3. All chlorides are soluble, except AgCl, Hg2Cl2, PbCl2 and CuCl
4. All bromides are soluble, except AgBr, Hg2Br2 and PbBr2
5. All iodides are soluble, except AgI, Hg2I2 and PbI2
6. All fluoride are soluble, except PbF2 and those of Group 2A
7. All sulfates (SO42–) are soluble, except CaSO4, SrSO4, BaSO4 Ag2SO4, Hg2SO4 and PbSO4
8. Phosphates (PO43–) and carbonates (CO32–) are insoluble, except those of ammonium
(NH4+) and the Group 1A alkali metals
9. All hydroxides (OH-) are insoluble, except those of Group 1A and those of Group 2A
(from Ca2+)
10. All sulfides are insoluble, except those of ammonium (NH4+) and Group 1A and Group
2A

8
 Constants Conversion Factors

R = 0.0821 L atm K-1 mol-1

= 8.3145 kPa dm3 K-1 mol-1 1 A = 10-10 m
= 8.3145 J K-1 mol-1 1 nm = 1 x 10-9 m
= 1.9872 cal K-1 mol-1 1 L = 1 dm3 = 10-3 m3

1 Pa = 1 kg m-1 s-2
1 atm = 1.01325 x 105 Pa
NA = 6.0221367 x 1023 mol-1 = 760 mm Hg (torr)

1 J = 1 kg m2 s-2
e = 1.60217733 x 10-19 C 1 cal = 4.184 J

h = 6.626 x 10-34 J S

c = 2.998 x 108 m s-1

F = 96500 C mol-1

Kw = 1 x 10-14

Thermodynamics Applied Solution Chemistry

E = q + w Henry’s law: S gas = k H Pgas

H = E + PV 
Raoult’s Law: Psolvent = x solvent Psolvent
q = cm T ; q = CT  
Psolvent − Psolvent = xsolutePsolvent
q rev
S =
T Tb = K b m ; T f = K f m
G = H − TS H soln = −H latt + H hydr
H 
rxn =  mH 
f −  nH 
f nsolute
products reactants = RT = MRT
Vsolution

S rxn =  mS
products

−  nS
reactants


Electrochemistry

Grxn =  mG
products

f −  nG
reactants

f

ΔS°univ = ΔS°rxn + ΔS°surr ≥ 0


Ecell = Ecathode

− Eanode


Chemical Equilibrium G  = −nFEcell




Ecell =
RT
ln K =
0.0592
log K (at 25C)
K p = K c (RT )
n
nF n

G  = − RT ln K RT
E cell = Ecell

− ln Q
nF
K2 H rxn

1 1
ln =−  −  = Ecell

−
0.0592
log Q (at 25C)
K1 R  T2 T1  n