UGScheme 2023
UGScheme 2023
To create a centre for imparting technical education of international standards and conduct research at
the cutting edge of technology to meet the current and future challenges of technological development.
To create technical manpower for meeting the current and future demands of industry: To recognize
education and research in close interaction with industry with emphasis on the development of
leadership qualities in the young men and women entering the portals of the Institute with sensitivity to
social development and eye for opportunities for growth in the international perspective.
To create a centre for imparting technical education of international standards and conduct
research at the cutting edge of Electronics & Communication technology to meet the current
and future challenges of technological development.
To create technical manpower for meeting the current and future demands of industry and
academia: to recognize education and research in close interaction with electronics &
communication & related industry with emphasis on the development of leadership qualities
in the young men and women entering the portals of the institute with sensitivity to social
development and eye for opportunities for growth in the international perspective.
1) Capability to analyse and design emerging electronic devices, circuits, and subsystems.
2) Ability to apply knowledge of modern and advanced tools to design hardware/software
solutions.
3) Capability to analyse and design advanced wired and wireless communication systems.
Important Instructions
1) (*) Indicated subject can be taken in either VII/ VIII Semester.
2) The department elective list is attached as a separate sheet.
3) One Semester Industrial Internship is permitted for students either in VII/VIII Semester.
4) Waiver in internship will be given only for departmental program electives and open
C. After successful completion of the requirements of the Honors program, the student
will be awarded a degree in “name of the discipline” with “Honors” (e.g. Bachelor of
Technology in Civil Engineering with Honors or Bachelor of Technology in
Mechanical Engineering with Honors etc.).
D. After successful completion of the requirements of the Minor program, the student will
be awarded a degree in “name of the discipline” with minor specialization in “name of
the minor specialization” (e.g. Bachelor of Technology in Electrical Engineering with
Minor Specialization in Environmental Engineering or Bachelor of Technology in
Computer Science and Engineering with Minor Specialization in Quantum Mechanics
etc.).
The student has to do 6 courses. The (*) indicated two subjects can be taken in either
VII/VIII semester considering the provision for one semester industrial internship.
1) In all these honors courses the student has to do 6 courses. The (*) indicated two subjects
can be taken in either VII/VIII semester considering the provision for one semester
industrial internship.
Exit Options
A. Students will have following exit options:
FIRST SEMESTER
SUBJECTS
Syllabus:
Diode Circuits: Introduction to diodes, Current components in diode, Zener diode and
applications. Half -wave and full -wave rectifiers & their analysis, comparison of bridge
and center -tap rectifier, clipping & clamping circuits. (7)
Transistors: Bipolar Junction Transistor, Current components in transistor, transistor
construction, various configurations (CE, CB. CC) and characteristics (Input and Output)
of BJT configurations. The transistor as an amplifier and switch, Introduction to
MOSFETs, Construction, characteristics and working principles of MOSFETs (depletion
type MOSFET and Enhancement type MOSFET). (7)
Operational Amplifiers: Introduction, ideal and practical operational amplifiers, open
and closed loop configurations, Applications of operational amplifiers. (4)
Digital Gates and Functions: Introduction to number systems and binary arithmetic,
Logic Gates and universal gates, Boolean algebra, SOP & POS forms of a Boolean
function, simplification of logical functions using Karnaugh map. (4)
Digital Circuits: Half and full adder, subtractor, multiplier, encoders, decoders,
multiplexers, demultiplexers. (4)
PREREQUISITE
None
COURSE OUTCOMES :
CO1 To be able to know about various electronic instruments
CO2 To be able to generate and analyze the various waveforms on DSO
CO3 To be able to verify and analyze the diode characteristic
CO4 To be able to analyze the applications of diode
COURSE ASSESSMENT
The Course Assessment (culminating to the final grade), will be made up of the following
three components;
S. No. Component Weightage
a) Continuous lab-based evaluation 50%
b) Mid-semester evaluation 20%
c) End-semester evaluation 30%
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Study of various electronic instruments such as Multimeter, DSO, Function Generator
and Power Supply.
2. To observe sine, square and triangular waveforms on the DSO and to measure
amplitude and frequency of the waveforms.
3. Familiarization of Electronics Components such as: - Resistor, Capacitor, Diode,
Transistor, LED, Photodiode, Phototransistor, IC and also test them with the help of
Multimeter.
4. To obtain V-I characteristics of PN junction diode.
5. To obtain V-I characteristics of Zener diode.
6. To observe waveform at the output of half wave rectifier with and without capacitor
filter and also measure its DC voltage, DC current and ripple factor.
7. To observe waveform at the output of center tapped full wave rectifier with and without
capacitor filter and also measure its DC voltage, DC current and ripple factor.
8. To observe waveform at the output of full wave bridge rectifier with and without
capacitor filter and also measure its DC voltage, DC current and ripple factor.
9. To observe waveforms at the output of various clipper circuits.
10. To observe waveforms at the output of various positive and negative clamper circuits.
Syllabus:
Methods of Network Analysis: Mesh and node variable analysis; Star Delta transformation;
Steady state analysis of AC circuits, Characteristics of the sinusoid: Average, peak and effective
values, Impedance concept, Active, reactive and complex power, Power factor, Q of coils and
capacitors, Series and parallel resonances, Series Parallel reduction of AC/DC circuits, Network
Theorems (Superposition, Thevenin’s, Norton’s, Maximum Power Transfer, Reciprocity,
Compensation, Tellegen’s) in AC/DC circuits.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Is able to understand different networking theorem.
CO2- Is able to understand methods of network matrixes, Incidence and reduced incidence matrix,
loop matrix etc.
CO3- Is able to perform two port networks as Z parameter, ABCD parameter, T parameter, Y
parameter etc.
CO4- Is able to know about state equation and solution of state equations.
References:
1) M. E. Valkenburg, Network Analysis, PHI, 1995
2) S. Ghosh, Network Theory: Analysis and Synthesis, PHI, 2005
3) T. S. K. Iyear, Circuit Theory, TMG Hill, 1985
4) Del Toro, Principles of Electrical Engg, PHI, 1994
5) A. Sudhakar & Shyammohan S. Palli, Circuits & Networks: Analysis & Synthesis, McGraw Hill,
2015
Syllabus:
Course Outcomes:
CO1: To understand the working principle of different measuring instruments.
CO2: Analyse the MC, MI and Dynamometer types of measuring instruments, Watt-meters
and Energy-meters
CO3: Determine the values of components of circuits using AC and DC bridges
CO4: To know about transformers and transducers for the measurement of temperature, strain
and speed
References:
1) J. B. Gupta: A course in Electrical and Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation, 13/E,
Kataria and Sons, 2009.
2) U. A. Bakshi, A. V. Bakshi: Electrical Measurements and Instrumentation, Technical
Publications, 2009.
3) A. K. Sawhney: A course in Electrical Measurements Electronic Measurements
Instrumentation, Edition 11, Dhanpat Rai and Sons, 1996.
4) W.D. Coopers and Helfrick, Modern Electronic instrumentation and Measurements
Techniques, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, 2002.
5) E.W. Gowlding and F.C.Widdis, Electrical Measurements and Measuring Instruments 5/e,
Wheeler Publications 1998.
SECOND SEMESTER
SUBJECTS
Syllabus:
● Representation of Signals and Systems: Continuous & discrete time signals, LTI systems and their
classification, System modelling using differential and difference equations
● Convolution, Transmission of signals through linear systems
● Analysis of signals: Fourier series, Fourier transforms and their properties
● Fourier Analysis for DTS: Discrete time Fourier series, Discrete time Fourier transform and their
properties, DFT and its properties, Fast Fourier Transform
● Laplace transforms, Z-transforms & its properties, ROC, Inversion of Z-transform, application to
System Analysis.
Course Outcomes :
References:
1. Oppenheim A.V., Willsky A.S. and Nawab S.H..: Signals and Systems, 2/e, Prentice Hall of
India, 1997
2.B.P. Lathi, Modern Digital and Analog. Communication Systems, 3rd ed., Oxford. University
Press, 1998
Syllabus:
Transistor at low frequencies: Graphical Analysis of the CE configuration, Two-Port devices and the
hybrid Model, Transistor hybrid model, The h-parameter, Conversion formulas for the parameters of
the three transistor Configuration, Analysis of a transistor Amplifier Circuit using h parameters, The
Emitter follower, Comparison of transistor amplifier configurations, Linear Analysis of a Transistor
Circuit, Cascading Transistor Amplifiers, Simplified Common-Emitter Hybrid Model, Simplified
calculations for the Common Collector Configuration, The Common-Emitter Amplifier with an emitter
resistance, High input resistance transistor circuits, Multistage amplifier analysis.
Field Effect Transistors: The FET and MOSFET Small-Signal model, The Low-Frequency Common-
Source and Common-Drain Amplifiers, The FET as a Voltage-variable Resistor (VVR). High frequency
model of BJT: High frequency hybrid-π model of BJT, Common emitter and common collector
configurations, Cascade configuration.
Feedback Amplifiers: General Feedback structure, Properties of negative Feedback, Four basic
Feedback Topologies, Voltage series, Voltage shunt, Current series, Current Shunt, Effect of Feedback
connection on various parameters. Analysis of above topology for BJT and FET. Oscillators: Basic
principle of sinusoidal oscillator (phase shift, wein bridge), Hartley & Colpitts, Crystal Oscillator,
nonlinear/pulse oscillator.
Course Outcomes:
CO1-Understand the modelling of bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), analyse the different amplifier
configurations using these transistors models, learn to simplify these models and analyse the different
transistor configurations.
CO2-Acquire the basic understanding of the Field effect transistor (FET) and its small signal model,
analyse the low frequency configurations of the amplifier using FET. (I/3)
CO3-Understand the high frequency model of the bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) for the different
configurations.
CO4-Learn the concept of feedback to stabilize the amplifiers, analyse the different topologies and
References:
1) Electronic principles, Bolysted.
2) Millman, Halkias, Integrated Electronics- Analog & digital circuits, TMH.
3) Millman, Halkias & S. Jit. Electronics Devices & Circuits, TMH, 2009.
4) Microelectronic Circuits, Sedra Smith, Oxford press, India.
5) Electronic Devices and Circuits, David-A-Bell, Oxford Univ. Press 2008.
SECOND SEMESTER
LABORATORIES
Course Name :Signals & Systems Lab
Course Code :
Credits : 1 (L-T-P : 0-0-2)
List of Experiments
List of Experiments
Syllabus:
● Amplitude Modulation: AM, Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier modulation, Single Side Band
modulation, Vestigial Side Band modulation, AM receivers, Noise in AM receivers using
envelope detection, SNR for coherent reception with SSB and DSBSC modulations, Frequency
Division Multiplexing.
● Angle modulation: Frequency modulated & Phase modulated signals, NBFM/WBFM, Multitone
FM, De-emphasis in FM, Noise in FM reception.
● Pulse Analog Modulation: Pulse Amplitude Modulation, Pulse time Modulation, Time Division
multiplexing, Elements of Pulse Code modulation , Differential PCM, Delta Modulation,
Adaptive Delta Modulation.
● Probability Theory & Random Variables : Self, joint & conditional probabilities, Statistically
dependent & independent events, Discrete and continuous Random Variables (RV’s) , their
CDF’s and PDF’s, Functions of random variables, Joint RVs, Mean values and moments of some
pdf’s (Binomial, Poisson, Gaussian, Rayleigh, Maxwell), Correlation function and their
properties, Random processes.
● Noise Analysis of Communication Systems.
Course Outcomes:
CO1-To familiarize the students about different analog modulation and demodulation schemes
CO2- To understand analog-digital conversion techniques.
CO3- To analyze the performance of different modulation techniques under noise.
CO4- To apply the concept of probability and random processes in analysis of communication systems.
CO5- To perform noise analysis of communication systems
References:
1. Haykin S.: Communication Systems, 2/e, Student Edition, Wiley India, 2007.
2. Oppenheim A.V., Willsky A.S. and Nawab S.H..: Signals and Systems, 2/e, Prentice Hall of
India, 1997
3. Tan: Digital Signal Processing; Fundamentals and application, Elsevier
Syllabus:
Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates: SOP and POS for Truth Table, K'Maps, Tabular method,
NAND/NOR Universal Gates, Introduction to logic families
PLD Concept and Implementation: Basics of HDL (VHDL/Verilog) , Syntax and Semantics
of HDL, Design Style using HDL, Basics of PAL,PLA, PROM, CPLD, FPGA
Course Outcomes:
CO1: Understand the concept and design of combinational and sequential (synchronous and
asynchronous) digital logic circuits (knowledge)
CO2: Understand the concept of Testing and Testability of digital circuits (Knowledge)
References:
Syllabus:
Operational Amplifiers and its applications: Op-amp and its parameters, Applications of
Op-amps as integrator, differentiator, comparator, oscillators, digital-to-analog, analog-to-
digital converter, log and antilog, rectifiers etc.
Active Filters: High pass filter, low pass filter, band pass filter, band stop filter, notch filter.
Waveform Generators: Astable Multivibrator, Monostable Multivibrator, Bistable
Multivibrator, Schmitt trigger.
Power Amplifiers: Power Amplifier Circuits: Class A, Class B and Class AB output stages,
Class A, Class B Push pull amplifiers with and without Transformers.
PLL and 555 Timer: Phase locked loop (PLL): Block diagram, working and its various
applications; 555 Timer: Block diagram, working principle and its applications as Bistable,
Monostable, and Astable mode.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO1: Understanding different modes of Schmitt trigger
CO2: Implementing circuits with Operational amplifier
CO3: Understanding different types of power amplifiers
CO4: Applying the voltage regulator in different configuration
CO5: Understanding PLL and its usage
References:
1. Sedra/Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, Oxford University Press.
2. L. Schilling and C. Belove, Electronic Circuits, McGraw-Hill.
3. S. Soclof, Applications & Design with analog IC’s PH1
4. Jacob-Applications & Design with analog IC’s, PH1
5. Coughlin Driscol-Operational Amplifiers & Linear IC’s Pearson Education.
6. Millman, Halkias & Parikh. Integrated Electronics- Analog & digital circuits, TMH, 2009.
Syllabus:
Introduction to data structures: Static and dynamic aspects of memory allocation. Recursion and its
applications. Introduction to complexity
analysis, measure and representation.
Algorithms for searching and Sorting: Non-recursive and recursive implementation of searching.
Non-recursive and recursive sorting algorithms.
Creation and manipulation of data structures: arrays, stacks, queues and linked lists with static and
dynamic memory allocation. Applications.
Creation, manipulation and analysis of trees. Binary search tree algorithms.
Graph problems: Shortest path implementation. Introduction to Max Flow-Min Cut and travelling
salesman problem.
Introduction to height balanced trees: AVL and B Trees.
Course Outcomes:
CO1- Is able to grasp core concepts of space & time complexity analysis (knowledge)
CO2- Is able to analyze & design basic algorithms for sorting, searching etc. (knowledge)
CO3- Is able to analyze & solve for computing the order of time complexity of algorithms
(Knowledge, skill)
CO4- Is able to learn and code for various search algorithms like divide & conquer, branch &
bound, greedy (skills)
References:
1) Kruse R.L., Data Structure and Program Design, PHI.
2) Rivest, Cormen, Introduction to Algorithms, MIT Press
3) Horowitz and Sahni: Data Structure in C++ , Glagotia
4) Ellis Horowitz, Sartaj Sahni, Fundamentals of Data Structures
Syllabus:
Introduction: H/W, S/W and Firmware, Process concepts, operations on processes, suspend and
resume, System calls, Interrupts and Signals.
Deadlock and Indefinite Postponement:- Conditions of deadlock, deadlock prevention and
avoidance, deadlock detection and deadlock recovery.
Process Scheduling and Synchronization:- Job and Process scheduling, Preemptive and
Non-preemptive scheduling, FIFO, RR, SJF, SRT, HRN, etc scheduling techniques.
Synchronization: Concepts, locks, and semaphores
Storage management:- Storage management & hierarchy, various strategies, storage allocation,
Fixed and variable partitioning, Virtual storage concepts, Block mapping, Paging, Segmentation,
Virtual storage management, Page replacement strategies, locality, Demand Paging, Program
behaviour.
Case Studies:- UNIX systems, MS-DOS systems and Windows Architecture.
Course Outcomes:
CO1-To understand the objectives , structures and functions of modern operating systems
CO2- To understand the working of processes and threads and their scheduling algorithms
CO3-:To understand the problems of synchronization and deadlock in OS and its various solutions
CO4- To understand the memory and storage handling/allocation methods
CO5-To understand files, its structures, implementation and protection issues
References:
1. Operating system concept--Silberschatz and Galvin- John wiley
2. Operating system - Stalling by phi /pearson
3. Operating system -Tannenbaum by phi /pearsoned
4. An introduction to Operating Systems - H.M. Deitel ,Addison-Wesley Operating system -
Godbole (TMH)
Course Outcomes:
CO1- Apply vector calculus to static electro-magnetic fields in different engineering situation.
CO2- Describe static and dynamic electric and magnetic fields.
CO3- Use boundary conditions for electric and magnetic fields.
CO4- Understand Maxwell equations in different form and apply them to diverse engineering problems.
CO5- Analyze the behaviour of plane waves in different media. Examine the phenomenon of wave
propagation and reflection in different media.
References:
1) Elements of Electromagnetics- Matthew N.O. Sadiku, Oxford University Press.
2) Electromagnetics- J.D. Kraus,Tata McGraw Hill
3) Electromagnetic Waves & Radiating Systems- E.C. Jordan & K.G. Balmain, Prentice Hall.
4) Fields and Wave Electromagnetics- David K. Cheng, Pearson.
5) Engineering Electromagnetics-W. H. Haytt, Tata McGraw Hill
THIRD SEMESTER
LABORATORIES
List of Experiments
List of Experiments
List of Experiments
1. To design op-amp in (a) Inverting mode (b)Non-inverting mode
2. To design op-amp as (a) Scalar (b) Summer (c) Voltage follower.
3. To design op-amp as integrator and differentiator.
4. To design opamp as voltage limiter and clipper.
5. To Design low pass filter using op-amp 741 IC
6. To Design high pass filter using op-amp 741 IC
7. To Design oscillator using op-amp- Wein Bridge Oscillator
8. To Design oscillator using op-amp- RC phase shift oscillator
9. To design opamp as log and antilog amplifier.
10. To Design astable multivibrators using 555 timer
11. To Design monostable multivibrators using 555 timer
12. To Design square wave generator using op-amp-741
13. To Design triangular wave generator using op-amp-741
14. Mini projects
All the experiments are performed using Breadboard and LT Spice simulator.
List of Experiments:
Using C language, implement the following programs/ data structures:
1. To find the roots of a quadratic equation for all cases.
2. To find the largest of N integers.
3. To find the factorial of an integer using a) non-recursive b) recursive functions.
4. To calculate the value of nCr.
5. To find the sum and difference of two integers in a single function.
6. To generate first N terms of a Fibonacci series using
( a) non-recursive ( b ) recursive functions.
7. To multiply two matrices using a function.
List of Experiments:
1. To learn the basic commands of Linux- part 1 - file creation, paths, sub-directory, move copy,
delete, access rights etc.
2. Learn of editor nano.
3. Learning of editor vi.
4. To learn Windows/ MS-DOS basic commands- file creation, paths, sub-directory, move copy,
delete, file attributes etc.
5. To learn Linux commands- part II
6. To learn process creation part-I using system cell fork()
7. To learn process creation part-II - execution of a (new) programme (process) using system cell
exec()
8. To learn interprocess communication using pipe, shared memory and implementation of process
synchronization algorithms
9. To learn process synchronization- using open MP/ IPC
10. To learn signal handling system calls in Linux
FOURTH SEMESTER
SUBJECTS
Syllabus:
Line Codes: On-Off (RZ), Polar (RZ), Bipolar (RZ), on-off (NRZ),-Polar (NRZ) & their Power
spectrum density (PSD), HDB coding, B8ZS signaling.
Baseband Pulse transmission: Inter-symbol Interference (ISI) & its Reduction. Techniques, Nyquist
criterion for distortionless baseband binary transmission, correlative coding, eye pattern.
Digital Passband transmission: BPSK, BFSK, QPSK, QAM, MSK and M-ary, PSK, M-ary FSK
transmitter and receiving systems and their detection , Probability of error, Power spectra, Matched
filter. Introduction to Link Budget Analysis.
Spread spectrum Techniques: Spread Spectrum Overview, PN Sequences, DS-spread spectrum &
Frequency- hop spread spectrum systems and their analysis, Introduction to W-CDMA and multiuser
detection.
Course Outcomes:
Co1- Understanding of different types of modulation and demodulation techniques for digital
communication
Co2- To learn the ISI and equalization techniques.
Co3-To analyse different types of channel coding schemes.
Co4-Understanding the performance of different digital communication systems
References:
1) Modern Digital & Analog Comm. systems 3/e B.P. Lathi; Oxford
2) Principles of Comm. Systems., Taub & Schilling, McGraw Hill publications.
3) Digital Comm.- By Proakis (TATA McGraw Hill) publications.
4) Digital Comm.-By Sklar (Pearson Education)
5) Comm. System 3/e Simon Haykin, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
Syllabus:
Single processor- basics of microprocessors,CPU control unit, Register Transfer and Micro-
operations, assembler and Instruction set pipeline architecture.
16-bit, 32-bit /64-bit RISC and CISC processors ISA and assembly programming.
Memory organization- memory hierarchy, main memory, associative memory, cache memory,
virtual memory, memory management .
Input-output organization- peripheral devices . Bus interface. Data transfer techniques.
Direct memory access. I/O interrupts.
Multiprocessors- characteristics of microprocessors. Interconnection structures.
Interprocessor arbitration. Digital computer arithmetic- fixed point addition,subtraction,
multiplication and division. Decimal arithmetic. Floating point arithmetic.
Course Outcomes:
References:
1) Computer System Architecture-M. Morris Mano (PHI)
2) Computer Architecture- A quantitative approach (ARM ed) -Hennessy , Patterson (PHI) Computer
Organization -V. Carl. Hamacher (TMH)
3) Computer Organization and Architecture -John P Hayes (McGraw -Hill) Computer Organization and
Architecture – William Stallings (Pearson)
4) Computer System Organization-A. S. Tanenbaum (PHI).
Syllabus:
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Evaluate various parameters of transmission lines
CO2- Analyze modes and dominant mode in rectangular waveguide and cylindrical waveguide.
CO3- Explain and evaluate performance of multiport microwave networks
CO4- Design isolator, basic microwave amplifiers, particularly klystrons, magnetron, basic RF
oscillator and mixer models.
CO5- Compute the measurement parameters such as VSWR, impedance, frequency, dielectric constant
power, attenuation and phase shift etc related to microwave circuits
References:
1) Introduction to Microwaves -Wheeler G.J., Prentice-Hall
2) Microwave circuits & passive devices- Sisodia and Raghuvanshi, New Age International.
3) Microwave engineering-David M. Pozar, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
4) Microwave Devices and Circuits- Samuel Y. Liao, Prentice Hall
5) Microwave and Radar Engineering- Kulkarni, McGraw Hill Education
Syllabus:
Fundamentals of Control System: Concept of open loop and closed loop control systems.
Applications of open loop and closed loop systems, Representation of physical system.
Time domain Analysis: Time response analysis of first order and second order system:
Transient response analysis, steady state error and error constants. Absolute and relative
stability, Routh's stability criterion, Root locus method of analysis.
Syllabus:
Physics of MOS Transistors: Review of current equation, regions of operation, small signal
model.
Amplifiers: Common Source, Source follower, Common Gate and Cascode amplifiers,
Biasing Techniques.
Current Mirror: Basic Current Mirrors, Cascode Current mirror.
Differential Amplifier: Basic differential Pair, common mode response, CMRR, Differential
Pair with MOS load, Active load, Cascode differential amplifier.
Frequency Response of Amplifiers: Miller Effect, Association of Poles with nodes,
Frequency Response of all single stage amplifiers.
Feedback: Topologies, Stability and Compensation.
Course Outcomes :
CO1-Understand the operation of MOSFET and its small signal model. (Cognitive- Understanding)
CO2-Analyze and design amplifiers, current mirrors and differential amplifiers. (Skills- Analyze)
CO3-Understand the significance of different biasing techniques and apply them aptly to different
circuits. (Cognitive- Understanding)
CO4- Comparatively evaluate the frequency response of different single stage amplifiers (Cognitive-
Analyze)
CO5- Analyze & design the compensation method of amplifiers for stability.(Skills- Evaluate)
References:
1. Behzad Razavi, Fundamentals of Microelectronics, Second edition, Wiley, 2013,
2. Sedra and Smith, Microelectronics Circuits, Oxford Univ. Press, 2004, Johns and Martin,
Analog Integrated Circuit Design, John Wiley & Sons, 2002 AND Allen Holberg, CMOS
Analog Integrated Circuit Design: Oxford University Press, 2002.
Syllabus:
Z-Transform, Inverse Z-Transform, Properties of the Z-Transform, Inversion of the Z-Transforms (by
Power Series Expansion, by Partial-Fraction Expansion), Analysis of Linear Time-Invariant Systems
in the z-Domain, Response of Systems with rational System Functions, Transient and Steady-State
Responses, Causality and Stability.
Frequency-Domain Sampling and Reconstruction of Discrete-Time Signals, The Discrete Fourier
Transform, The DFT as a Linear Transformation, Relationship of the DFT to other Transforms,
Properties of the DFT: Periodicity, Linearity, and Symmetry Properties, Multiplication of Two DFTs
and Circular Convolution, Additional DFT Properties, Linear Filtering Based on DFT.
FFT Algorithms, Direct Computation of the DFT, Radix-2 FFT Algorithms: Decimation-In-Time
(DIT), Decimation-In-Time (DIF); Applications of FFT Algorithms: Use of the FFT Algorithm in
Linear Filtering and Correlation.
Structure for the Realization of Discrete-Time Systems, Structure for FIR Systems: Direct-Form
Structure, Cascade-Form Structures, Structure for IIR Systems: Direct-Form Structures, Signal Flow
Graphs and Transposed Structures, Cascade-Form Structures, Parallel-Form Structures.
Design of FIR Filters, Symmetric and Antisymmetric FIR Filters, Design of Linear-Phase FIR Filters
by using Windows, Design of Linear-Phase FIR Filters by the Frequency-Sampling Method; Design of
IIR Filters from Analog Filters: IIR Filter Design by Impulse Invariance, IIR Filter Design by the
Bilinear Transformation
Course Outcomes:
CO1- The basic objective of the course is to introduce and familiarize some important & useful signal
References:
1) Digital Signal Processing – Principles, Algorithms and Applications by J. G. Proakis and D. G.
Manolakis, 4th Edition, Pearson.
2) Digital Signal Processing by A. V. Oppenheim and R. W. Schafer, PHI.
3) Principles of Signal Processing and Linear Systems by B.P. Lathi, Oxford.
4) Digital Signal Processing: A MATLAB-Based Approach by Vinay K. Ingle and John G. Proakis,
Cengage Learning.
5) Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing using MATLAB by Robert J. Schilling and Sandra L.
Harris, Cengage Learning.
List of Experiments
1. Study of BPSK Modulation and Demodulation
2. Study of DPSK Modulation and Demodulation
3. Study of QPSK Modulation and Demodulation
4. Study of QAM Modulation and Demodulation
5. Study of ADPCM Modulation and Demodulation
6. Study of Square waveform synthesis
7. Study of Triangular waveform synthesis
8. Study of Saw-tooth waveform synthesis
9. Study of Amplitude-Modulated signal synthesis
10. Simulation of ASK Generation and Detection Scheme
11. Simulation of BPSK Generation and Detection Schemes
12. Simulation of FSK generation and detection scheme
13. Simulation of DPSK, QPSK Generation Schemes
14. Observation (simulation) of signal constellations of BPSK, QPSK and QAM
15. Simulation of linear block coding scheme
16. Simulation of error control using cyclic code
17. Simulation of Convolutional coding scheme
18. Communication link simulations
List of Experiments
1. To study and plot the radiation pattern of λ/2 Dipole antenna in azimuth plan on
log/linear scale on polar plot.
2. To study and plot the radiation pattern of folded Dipole antenna in azimuth plan on
log/linear scale on polar plot.
List of Experiments
1. To find 3dB frequency & gain for different values of load & W/L ratio in case of common source
stage with resistive load using N-MOSFET.
2. To find 3 dB frequency & gain for different values of load & W/L ratio for common source stage
with resistive load using P-MOSFET.
3. Simulation & analysis of diode connected load common source amplifier. Find edge of triode
region & gm1, gm2, gain & 3 dB frequencies.
4. DC analysis of source follower using resistive & current source load.
5. AC analysis of common gate amplifiers and calculate input and output impedance.
6. AC analysis of cascade stage amplifier.
7. AC analysis differential amplifier & calculate CMRR.
8. Simulation of basic current mirrors using resistive load using N-MOSFET and P MOSFET.
9. Simulation of cascade current mirrors using resistive load using N-MOSFET and N-MOSFET and
P-MOSFET.
10. Simulation of Wilson Current mirror circuit.
11. Mini project
List of Experiments
1. Write a program to find convolution of two vectors.
2. Write a program to find correlation of two vectors.
3. Write a program to find out circular convolution of two vectors.
4. Write a program to design FIR low pass filter.
5. Write a program to design FIR high pass filter.
6. Write a program to design FIR band pass filter.
7. Write a program to design FIR band stop filter.
8. Write a program to design IIR low pass filter.
9. Write a program to design IIR high pass filter.
10. Write a program to design IIR band pass filter.
11. Write a program to evaluate Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of a Signal.
12. Write a program to evaluate Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) of a Signal.
13. Writing a program to apply histogram equalization on an image to improve its brightness.
14. Write a program to compress an image using Discrete Wavelet transform and reconstruct the
original image from the compressed image.
Syllabus
Introduction: Literature survey – Understanding journal metrics (impact factor, number of citations, h-
index, i10 index), Identifying high impact articles, Problem identification, Ethics of publishing.
2 hours
Figures, Tables, and Equations: Figures, Subfigures, Tables, Types of tables, Spacing in tables,
Captions, Equations, Equation arrays, Equation numbering, Labels. 8 hours
Referring articles: Using labels, Citing articles, Bibliography, Bibtex, Styles, Mendeley, JabRef.
4 hours
Artwork: Drawing with LaTeX, Flowcharts in LaTeX, Creating plots with Gnuplot/ Octave/ Matlab,
Creating scalable vector graphics with Inkscape, Tikz. 4 hours
References:
World wide web
https://www.anadolu.edu.tr/en/academics/faculties/course/99276/documentation-with-latex/content (3
credit) Anadolu University, Turkey
https://www.bath.ac.uk/guides/getting-started-with-latex-an-introductory-course-for-doctoral-students/
(6 Hours) University of Bath, UK
FIFTH SEMESTER
SUBJECTS
Syllabus:
Introduction to 8085 Microprocessor: Block diagram, pins & their description, demultiplexing of
buses, control signals & flags. Introduction to 8085 based microcomputer system.
Instruction & Timings: Instruction classification, instruction formats, addressing modes, Instruction
timings and status.
Programming & Programming Techniques of the 8085: 8085 instruction set, data transfer
instructions, arithmetic, logic & branch operations. Rotate & compare. Instructions related to stack
operations. Looping, counting and indexing, counters & time delays.
Stack and Subroutines: Concept of stack in 8085 and its uses. Subroutines implementation in 8085
assembly language.
Interfacing Concepts: Basic interfacing concepts. Memory Interfacing. Memory mapped and
peripheral mapped I/O. Interrupts in 8085 and their features. A/D and D/A converters. Interfacing A/D
and D/A converters.
Programming & interfacing of Support ICs: Interfacing of 8155, 8255, 8279 with 8085.
Introduction to other support chips: Introduction of 8253 and 8259A with 8085 microprocessor.
Direct memory Access: Basic concepts of DMA techniques and introduction DMA controller 8257.
Course Outcomes:
CO1- Is able to grasp the functioning of 8085 microprocessor.
CO2- Is able to appreciate the significance of demultiplexing for different application.
CO3- Is able to understand the development of codes with different data transfer methods.
CO4- Is able to understand the concept of memory mapping and I/O mapping.
CO5- Is able to understand the different interfacing ICs as 8255/8257/8259.
CO6- Design algorithm and writing the codes for different arithmetic, logical and control units.
References:
1) J.L. Antonakos, An Introduction to the Intel Family of Microprocessors, Pearson, 1999.
2) Barry B. Brey,The Intel Microprocessors, (7/e),Eastern Economy Edition , 2006.
3) M.A. Mazidi & J.C. Mazidi Microcontroller and Embedded systems using Assembly & C. (2/e), Pearson
Education,
Syllabus:
Course Outcomes :
References:
1. Antennas Theory and Analysis - By Balanis ( Wiley Publisher)
2. Antennas and Wave Propagation by K. D. Prasad
3. Antennas by Krauss ( TMH Publisher)
Syllabus:
Introduction to Digital Testing: Introduction, Test process and Test economics,- Functional vs.
Structural Testing Defects, Errors, Faults and Fault Modeling (Stuck at Faults, Bridging Faults, transitor
fault, delay fault), Fault Equivalence, Fault Dominance, Fault Collapsing and Checkpoint Theorem
Fault Simulation and Testability Measures: Circuit Modelling and Algorithms for Fault Simulation,
Serial Fault Simulation, Parallel Fault Simulation, Deductive Fault Simulation, Concurrent Fault
Simulation, Combinational SCOAP Measures and Sequential SCOAP Measures, Critical Path Tracing
Combinational Circuit Test Pattern Generation: Introduction to Automatic Test Pattern Generation
(ATPG) and ATPG Algebras, Standard ATPG Algorithms, D-Calculus and D-Algorithm, Basics of
PODEM Random, Deterministic and Weighted Random Test Pattern Generation; Aliasing and its
effect on Fault Coverage.
PLA Testing, Cross Point Fault Model and Test Generation. Memory Testing- Permanent, Intermittent
and Pattern Sensitive Faults
Sequential Circuit Testing and Scan Chains: ATPG for Single-Clock Synchronous Circuits, Use of
Nine-Valued Logic and Time-Frame Expansion Methods, Complexity of Sequential ATPG, Scan Chain
based Sequential Circuit Testing, Scan Cell Design, Design variations of Scan Chains, Sequential
Testing based on Scan Chains, Overheads of Scan Design, Partial-Scan Design Controllability and
References:
1) Abramovici, M., Breuer, M. A. and Friedman, A. D. Digital systems testing and testable
design. IEEE press (Indian edition available through Jayco Publishing house), 2001.
2) Bushnell and Agarwal, V. D. VLSI Testing. Kluwer.
3) Agarwal, V. D. and Seth, S. C. Test generation for VLSI chips. IEEE computer society
press.
4) Hurst, S. L. VLSI testing: Digital and mixed analog/digital techniques. INSPEC/IEE, 1999
5) https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106103116/handout/mod7.pdf
6) http://ece-research.unm.edu/jimp/vlsi_test/slides/html/overview1.htm,
7) http://www.cs.uoi.gr/~tsiatouhas/CCD/Section_8_1-2p.pdf, Latest
Embedded platform- CPU bus, memory devices, I/O devices, interfacing, debugging techniques.
Realtime OS, timer & pulse width modulation, Serial and parallel communication, digital I/O,
Analog I/O, interrupts, low power techniques
Hardware accelerators- CPUs and accelerators, accelerator system design. Networks- distributed
embedded architectures, networks for embedded systems, network-based design, Internet-enabled
systems.
Course Outcomes:
Syllabus:
CMOS Inverter: Design and analysis of NMOS inverter (resistive, enhancement and depletion load) ,
CMOS inverters; Noise margins, rationing of transistor size, logic voltage levels, rise and fall of delays,
Propagation Delay, Power Consumption.
Combinational Circuits: Design of basic gates in NMOS technology; CMOS logic design styles: static
CMOS logic (NAND, NOR gates), complex gates, Pass Transistor logic, Transmission gate, Dynamic
MOS design: pseudo NMOS logic, clocked CMOS (C2 MOS) logic, domino logic, NORA, Half and
Full adder), Multiplexer, XOR, XNOR.
Logical Effort: Logical effort of different digital circuit design, parasitic delay, Single stage and
Multistage with and without branch network.
Layout and stick diagram: Layout design rules: Lambda and micron based design rules- stick diagram,
Layout design of different CMOS circuit, area estimation.
Sequential Circuits and Memory Design: Sequential MOS Logic and Memory Design: Static latches;
Flip flops & Register.
Course Outcomes :
FIFTH SEMESTER
LABORATORIES
List of Experiments
1. A byte is stored in location 0x0100. Complement this byte and store the result in location
0x0101.
2. Two bytes are available in locations 0x0100 and 0x0101. Add them and store the result in
0x0102. Neglecting the carry generated.
List of Experiments
1. To study and plot the radiation pattern of λ/2 Dipole antenna in azimuth plan on log/linear scale on
polar plot.
2. To study and plot the radiation pattern of folded Dipole antennas in azimuth plan on log/linear scale
on polar plot.
3. To study and plot the radiation pattern of Yagi (4el) antenna in azimuth plan on log/linear scale on
polar plot.
4. To study and plot the radiation pattern of the Square Loop antenna in azimuth plan on log/linear
scale on polar plot.
5. To study and plot the radiation pattern of Helix antenna in azimuth plan on log/linear scale on polar
plot.
6. To study and plot the radiation pattern of Micro Strip antenna in azimuth plan on log/linear scale on
polar plot.
7. To study and plot the radiation pattern of Log Periodic antenna in azimuth plan on log/linear scale
on polar plot.
8. To study and plot the radiation pattern of the End Fire antenna in azimuth plans on Log/linear scale
on polar plot.
9. To study and plot the radiation pattern of Broadside antenna in azimuth plans on Log/linear scale on
polar plot.
10. To study resonant and non-resonant antenna and calculate the resonant frequency and estimate the
VSWR of the antenna.
11. Familiarization with basic operation of Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) and Use the VNA to
measure the complete S parameters of the components under test
List of Experiments
1. V characterization of Long channel N-MOSFET & P-MOSFET for using SPICE simulation.
2. V characterization of Short Channel N-MOSFET & P-MOSFET using a SPICE simulation.
3. VTC analysis of CMOS Inverter for different W/L Ratio of NMOS and PMOS.
4. Transient analysis of CMOS Inverter for input signal of equal rise and fall time.
5. Noise Margin Analysis of different NMOS based Inverter circuits such as Diode Connected Load,
Depletion Load, PMOS Load, etc.
6. Connect a 2 I/P NAND Gate to an identical NAND Gate such that the fan out is 1,2,5,10,50,100.
Plot the propagation Delay.
7. Connect a set of 7 inverters in a closed loop in the form of a clock. Estimate the clock frequency.
Determined experimentally change in clock frequency without load (i.e Cout/Cin), varying from
1, 20, 100.
8. Connect 3 I/P NAND gate a, b, c and connect to a capacitor such that fan out is 1. Find the rise
time of NAND gate for the I/P=000; 001; 011.
9. To design layout of CMOS inverter and followed by simulation.
10. To design a layout of 2 input NOR gate and followed by simulation.
11. To design a layout of 3 input NAND gate and followed by simulation.
12. Mini projects
List of Experiments
1. Write a C or Assembly program to interface 7 segments with 8051/ARM to display 0-9 and 0-99 on
Universal embedded system Board.
2. Write a C or Assembly program to interface 16*2 Char LCD module with 8051/ARM on Universal
embedded system Board.
3. Write a C or Assembly program to interface ADC 0809 IC with 8051/ARM and Read Value on
LCD on Universal embedded system Board.
4. Write a C or Assembly program to interface DAC 0808 IC with 8051/ARM and Sine and triangular
Wave on Universal embedded system Board.
5. Write a C or Assembly program to interface a DC motor with 8051/ARM and Control the RPM
using PWM on Universal embedded system Board.
6. Write a C or Assembly program to interface Stepper Motor with 8051/ARM and study the angle of
rotation on Universal embedded system Board.
7. Write a C or Assembly program to interface Serial Communication with 8051/ARM and Read the
Value of ADC on PC.
8. Write a C or Assembly program to interface RTC with 8051/ARM and Read the Time on LCD and
serial monitor on PC.
Text:
1. Human Values and Professional Ethics by R R Gaur, R Sangal, G P Bagaria, Excel
Books, New Delhi, 2010
2. Weston, Anthony. A 21st Century Ethical Toolbox. New York: Oxford University Press,
2008.
3. Hospers, John. An introduction to philosophical analysis. New Delhi: Allied Publishers
Private Limited, 1967.
Syllabus:
Fundamentals of fiber optics: Ray propagation, waveguiding in optical fibers, step index and
graded index fibers, Modes in optical fiber, mono mode & multimode fibers, fiber fabrication,
dispersion relations. Signal degradation: Dispersion, attenuation & scattering in fibers, link
analysis.
Fiber Measurement: Measurement of fiber attenuation, bandwidth, power, & cut-off
wavelength, OTDR.
Opto electronic devices:- Light source materials, LEDs, Lasers, Photo-diodes, PIN diodes etc.
Modulation capability. Photodetectors, PIN photodiode and Avalanche photodiodes,
Power launching and coupling: Fiber joints, cables and connectors, fiber splices, optical
coupler and optical measurements.
Analog and Digital optical transmission systems: Link Analysis, system design
considerations for point-topoint links, noise sources in optical communication, system
architecture. WDM, Coherent optical systems. Methods of modulation, Heterodyne and
Homodyne systems, Noise in coherent systems, Multichannel coherent systems, Optical
amplifiers, Introduction to lightwave networks
References:
1. Fiber Optics and Optoelectronics – R.P. Khare
2. Optical Communication-VK Jain, Franz
3. Optical Communication - Keiser
4. Optical fiber communication - J.M. Senior
Syllabus:
Introduction to 5G: Fundamentals of Wireless Communication, Evolution from 1G to 5G, 5G
spectrum, Wireless Standards: Overview of 2G 3G, 4G and 5G, Key capabilities of 5G, System
Architecture, Performance measures- Outage, average snr, average symbol/bit error rate. System
examples- GSM, EDGE, GPRS, IS-95, CDMA 2000 and WCDMA, 3G, 4G and 5G mobile
communications.
Cellular System Design Fundamentals: Components of Mobile Cellular Systems: Cell structure,
frequency reuse, cell splitting, Call origination & Termination. Cellular concepts- Signal propagation-
Propagation mechanism, reflection, refraction, diffraction and scattering, large scale signal propagation
and lognormal shadowing. Interference & System Capacity: Improving Capacity in Cellular Systems,
Co-Channel Interference, Channel Assignment Strategies, Handoff Strategies.
Channel Fading and Diversity: Multipath Measurements, Parameters of Mobile Multipath Channels,
Types of Fading: Multipath and small-scale fading- Doppler shift, power delay profile, average and rms
delay spread, coherence bandwidth and coherence time, flat and frequency selective fading, slow and
fast fading, average fade duration and level crossing rate. Impulse Response Model of a Multipath
Channel, Channel State Information. Receiver structure- Diversity receivers- selection and MRC
receivers, RAKE receiver, equalization: linear-ZFE and adaptive, DFE. Transmit diversity Altamonte
scheme
5G Radio Standard: Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), Modulation schemes-
BPSK, QPSK and variants, QAM, MSK and GMSK, multicarrier modulation, OFDM, MIMO and
space time signal processing, spatial multiplexing, diversity/multiplexing tradeoff.
5G Enabling Technologies: Concept of 5G Communication, Multi-carrier with filtering, Filter-bank
based multi-carrier, Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). Principle and Spectrum Allocation,
Power Control Mechanism in NOMA Techniques, 5G Applications.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Appreciate and familiarize the world of mobile communications.
CO2- Develop requisite mathematical background for mobile systems using teletraffic theory,
probability theory and stochastic processes as well as linear algebra.
CO3- Design parts of mobile communication system using mathematical models.
CO4- Develop proficiency in the subject by working on individual term papers and presenting their
study to the entire class (Presentation Sessions).
References:
1) Wireless Communications: Principles & Practices by Theodore S. Rapport.
2) Mobile Cellular Telecomm. B y William C. Y. Lee.
3) Mobile Communication by Schiller, (Pearson Education India.
4) Osseiran, Afif, Jose F. Monserrat, and Patrick Marsch, eds. 5G mobile and wireless
communications technology. Cambridge University Press, 2016.
5) Rodriguez, Jonathan. Fundamentals of 5G mobile networks. John Wiley & Sons, 2015.
Syllabus: Biological basis for Neural Networks, Activation functions, Single neuron/
Perceptron networks, training methodology, typical application to linearly separable problems.
Various Neural Networks :
1. Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) :- Back propagation algorithm, virtues and limitation of
BP algorithm, LMS algorithms.
2. ADALINE networks
3. Functional Link Artificial Neural Network (FLANN) : introduction to single layer
structure, Trigonometric expansion, Polynomial expansion, Chebyshev expansion,
Legendre expansion, FLANN learning algorithms.
4. Radial-basis function Networks : interpolation problem, Covers theorem, learning
algorithm.
5. Recurrent Neural Networks : Fully Recurrent Network, Hopfield Network.
6. Clustering, Unsupervised learning methods, Support Vector Machines, Self Organizing
Maps
7. Deep Learning Networks : Convolutional Neural Networks, LSTM, Auto Encoders and
variants
Fuzzy Logics :
Fuzzification, Membership Functions, Fuzzy Rules, Fuzzy operations, De-fuzzification,
Mamdani, Sugeno and Tsukamoto fuzzy models, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems
(ANFIS).
Course Outcomes :
CO1- To learn biological bases and to understand basic mathematical modelling of single layer
neuron.
CO2- To understand the development of neural structures (including Multilayer Perceptron,
ADALINE, RBF, FLANN) and training algorithms (including Back Propagation, LMS etc).
CO3- To understand the Fuzzy Logic and De-fuzzyfication processes.
CO4- To explore the applications of neural networks and Fuzzy logic to Pattern Classification,
Clustering, System Identification, Channel Equalization etc.
CO5- To develop MATLAB and Python programming skills for Neural Network and
FuzzyModeling.
References:
Syllabus:
Introduction: Introduction to satellite communication, LEO, GEO, MEO and higher orbits, Orbital
Mechanics and Parameters.
Navigation systems and Techniques: Multiplexing and Access Techniques for Satellite
Communication, Introduction to Spread Spectrum; GPS, Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS).
Networking: Internet and Satellite Links; Very Small Aperture Antenna; Special Purpose Satellites
RADAR: Fundamentals of Radar Systems, Types of RADAR And Modalities, Radar System
Components, Basic Operating Principles (Detection, Ranging, Doppler, Importance Of Phase) and Its
Application.
Course Outcomes :
CO1-Understand the basic principles of satellite communication.
CO2-Design the satellite link to fulfil various power requirements Techniques
CO3-Discuss the multiplexing and multiple access techniques used in satellite and navigation systems.
CO4-Discuss special satellites and their subsystems.
CO5-Explain the basics of RADAR
References:
1) Introduction to Radar Systems: Merrill I. Skolnik, McGraw-Hill
2) Satellite communication systems, B. G. Evans, Published by IET
3) Satellite Communication, P. Banerjee, PHI
List of Experiments
3. To study the length dependence of attenuation in the given optical fiber at different wavelengths.
4. To study indirect modulation technique with Mach-Zehnder modulator(MZM) using OptiSystem.
5. To observe variation in BER with respect to different sets of parameters in the OFC system.
6. To Optimize the length and power of an optical fiber for given system parameters.
7. To Calculation of minimum sensitivity of the optical receiver.
8. To study and Draw EDFA characteristic curves.
9. To Design optical NOT gate using MATLAB components.
10. To Design optical AND and NAND using MATLAB components.
11. To Design optical OR and NOR gate using MATLAB components.
12. To Design optical XOR and XNOR using MATLAB components.
List of Experiments :
1) To study the Multi-layer perceptrn network and use it for design of OR, AND, NOR
NAND gates.
2) To design a ADALINE network for identification of FIR system.
3) To design a Functional Link Artificial Neural Network (FLANN) for a tie series
prediction.
4) To design a RBF network for function approximation.
5) To design a K-means algorithm for clustering.
6) To use Self Organizing Map for Clustering.
7) To do a Fuzzification and Defuzzification process using MAMDANI inference
system.
8) To use CNN for Image classification.
9) Implementation of LSTM.
Syllabus:
Graph- basics, Planarization, triangulation, graph algorithms for shortest/longest paths, spanning tree,
search etc.
Algorithms & complexity- shortest path, max-flow, Dijkshtra’s algorithm, min-cost flow, algorithm for
graph search and matching; spanning trees and matroids;
Course Outcomes :
CO1-Is able to grasp core concepts, basic tenets of combinatorial graphs (knowledge)
CO3-Is able to learn & apply graph algorithms and its applications into Circuits, computer problem
solving etc. (Thinking, skills)
CO4-Is able in long perspective, to appreciate the significance of GRAPH as a versatile modeling
entitiy; and the significance that it can be used for analysis, problem solving as well as synthesis-
especially for chip design, wireless communication protocols & system design, computer problem
solving, data structures etc. (skills)
CO5-Is able to write small C/C++ programmes related to implementation of graph algorithms (skills).
References:
1) Narsingh Deo, Graph theory, Prentice Hall India, 2008.
2) T. H. Cormen, C. E. Leiserson and R. L. Rivest, “Introduction to Algorithms,” McGraw-
Hill, 2007
3) S. Baase, Computer algorithms, Pearson India 2008.
Syllabus:
Course Outcomes :
CO1 - To learn the basics of Artificial Intelligence techniques including Evolutionary
Algorithms, Swarm Intelligence, Bio-inspired techniques.
CO2 -To understand the various single objective Nature-inspired computing techniques.
CO3- To learn the multi-objective optimization techniques.
CO4- To explore the applications of artificial intelligence techniques to Function
Optimization, Pattern Classification etc.
References :
1) Genetic algorithms in search, optimization, and machine learning, Author : David E.
Goldberg, Pearson Education India, 2008.
2) Multi-Objective Optimization using Evolutionary Algorithms : Author : Kalyanmoy
Deb, Publisher Wiley.
3) Ant Colony Optimization : Author : Marco Dorigo and Thomas Stützle, Publisher:
Bradford
4) Swarm Intelligence : Principles, Advances, and Applications, Aboul Ella Hassanien,
Eid Emary, CRC Press
Syllabus:
Error Control coding for wireless fading channels, Channel Estimation and Adaptive channel coding,
Joint Source and Channel coding
Binary & Non binary Linear Block Codes, Hard and soft decision decoding, Coding and Decoding of
BCH, Reed Solomon Codes
Convolution codes: Coding and Decoding , Distance bounds, Performance bounds Turbo codes:
Coding, Decoding Algorithms, Performance comparison , Interleaver design
Trellis coded Modulation, TCM Decoders, TCM for AWGN and Fading Wireless Channels,
Performance comparison. LDPC Codes, Polar Codes
Error control codes for : Audio/video transmission, mobile communications, space and satellite
communication, data transmission, data storage and file transfer.
Course Outcomes :
CO1. Appreciate the need of Error Correction in communication systems after going through the course
CO2. Develop requisite mathematical background for Error Correction using linear algebra
CO4. Design encoders and decoders for a given error correcting capability
References:
Syllabus:
Image Processing: Acquiring of Images using Video Camera. Digital Representation of Binary & Gray
Scale Images, Linear operations on pictures. Two dimensional Discrete Fourier transform and
Hadamard transforms & their applications to image processing. Sampling of pictures using an Array of
points, Aliasing problem & its solution. Image Enhancement Techniques:- Gray scale modification
Gray level correction, Gray scale transformation, Histogram modification, sharpening of Images using
differentiation, the Laplaciam, High Emphasis filtering, sobel & kirsch operators. Smoothening:- Noise
Removal, Averagins, Median, Min/Max. Filtering
Course Outcomes :
References:
1) Signals and Systems- Oppenheim A.V., Willsky A.S. and Young I.J. PHE.
2) Digital Signal Processing- Oppenheim A.V. & Schafer R.W. PHI.
3) Digital Signal Processing- by LYONS, (Pearson Education)
4) Digital Signal Processing-by Mitra- (TATA McGraw Hill) Publications.
5) Digital Image Processing- by Gonzalez / Woods, (Pearson Education)
6) Digital Image Processing- by A.K. Jain
7) Digital Picture Processing- by Rosenfield & Kak
Syllabus:
Unit 1: Introduction to CAD Algorithms Role of CAD in digital system design, levels of design,
modelling & description and support of languages, RTL, gate and system level synthesis; Technological
alternatives and technology mapping
Unit 2: CAD Tools for synthesis CAD tools for synthesis, optimization, simulation and verification of
design at various levels as well as for special realizations and structures such as micro-programmes,
PLAs, gate arrays etc. Technology mapping for FPGAs. Low power issues in high level synthesis and
logic synthesis.
Unit 3: Architectural-Level Synthesis and Optimization Architectural Synthesis, Scheduling, Data path
synthesis and control unit synthesis, scheduling algorithm, Resource Sharing and Binding
Unit 5: CAD Algorithms for VLSI Physical Design Introduction to VLSI Physical Design flow. Circuit
partitioning, placement and routing algorithms. Design Ruleverification, Circuit Compaction; Circuit
Extraction and post layout simulation. FPGA design flow- partitioning, placement and routing
algorithms. Deep sub-micron issues; interconnects modeling and synthesis.
Course Outcomes :
CO1-Is able to grasp various operations on graphs, clique, coloring, partitioning etc
CO2-& apply graph algorithms and its applications into Boolean function representation (Knowledge)
CO4-Is able to analyse & implement two level/Multilevel/ sequential logic synthesis algorithms
CO6-Is able to analyze & implement library binding algorithms- FSM equivalence & optimization
(skills)
References:
1) G. D. Micheli. Synthesis and optimization of digital systems.
2) Dutt, N. D. and Gajski, D. D. High level synthesis, Kluwer, 2000.
3) T. H. Cormen, C. E. Leiserson and R. L. Rivest, “Introduction to Algorithms,” McGraw-
Hill, 1990.
4) N. Deo, Graph Theory, PH India.
5) Sait, S. M. and Youssef, H. VLSI Physical design automation. IEEE press, 1995.
6) Sherwani, N. VLSI physical design automation. Kluwer, 1999.
Syllabus:
Unit 1: Introduction to CAD Algorithms
Role of CAD in digital system design, levels of design, modeling & description and support of
languages, RTL, gate and system level synthesis; Technological alternatives and technology
mapping
Course Outcomes :
CO1: Is able to grasp various operations on graphs, clique, coloring, partitioning etc & apply
graph algorithms and its applications into Boolean function representation (Skills- Apply)
CO2: Is able to grasp graph models for architecture representation (Cognitive- understanding)
CO3: Is able to analyze & implement two level/Multilevel/ sequential logic synthesis algorithms
(approximate & exact algorithms) (skills- Analyze)
CO4: Is able to analyze & implement library binding algorithms- FSM equivalence &
optimization (skills- Evaluate)
CO5: To able to grasp core concept of VLSI Physical Design algorithms. (Cognitive- Apply)
References:
1. G. D. Micheli. Synthesis and optimization of digital systems.
2. Dutt, N. D. and Gajski, D. D. High level synthesis, Kluwer, 2000.
3. T. H. Cormen, C. E. Leiserson and R. L. Rivest, “Introduction to Algorithms,” McGraw-Hill,
1990.
4. N. Deo, Graph Theory, PH India.
5. Sait, S. M. and Youssef, H. VLSI Physical design automation. IEEE press, 1995.
6. Sherwani, N. VLSI physical design automation. Kluwer, 1999.
Syllabus:
UNIT 1. Introduction: Embedded systems, electronic system-level (ESL) design, Models of
Computation (MoCs): finite state machines (FSMs), dataflow, process networks, discrete event
UNIT 2. System-level design languages (SLDLs): SpecC, SystemC. System specification, profiling,
analysis and estimation. System-level design: partitioning, scheduling, communication synthesis
UNIT 3. System-level modeling: processor and RTOS modeling, transaction-level modeling (TLM)
for communication. System-level synthesis: design space exploration (DSE)
UNIT 4. Embedded hardware and software implementation: synthesis and co-simulation, case study.
Application specific processors, Retargetable compilers, instruction set-simulation and co-simulation.
UNIT 5. System design examples and case studies. . Recent trends in system level design and modelling
Course Outcomes :
CO1- To model a problem at system level (Cognitive- Analyze)
CO2- Realize architecture for a design problem (Skills- Create)
CO3 -To model a system in System C language (Cognitive- Analyze)
CO4 -To generate system interface specifications and perform refinement (Skills- Create)
CO5- To appreciate HW-SW Co-design with latest trends (Cognitive- understanding)
References:
1) Gajski, S. Abdi, A. Gerstlauer, G. Schirner, Embedded System Design: Modeling, Synthesis,
Verification,
2) Springer, September 2009. ISBN 978-1-4419-0503-1, ("Orange book", authors' site).
3) Gerstlauer, R. Doemer, J. Peng, D. Gajski, "System Design: A Practical Guide with SpecC",
4) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, June 2001. ISBN 0-7923-7387-1 ("Yellow book")
5) T. Groetker, S. Liao, G. Martin, S. Swan, "System Design with SystemC", Kluwer
Academic Publishers, Boston, May 2002. ISBN 1-4020-7072-1 ("Black book")
6) F. Vahid, T. Givargis, "Embedded System Design: A Unified Hardware/Software
Introduction" (authors' site),
7) 7. John Wiley & Sons, 2001. ISBN 978-0-471-38678-0
Module 2
Probability Density Functions (PDFs)
Binomial distribution, Poisson distribution, Gaussian PDF, Rayleigh PDF,
Bivariate Gaussian distribution
Functions and statistics of Random Variables
Sum of Random Variables, Functions of one random variable, joint and conditional RVs
their means, moments
Module 3
Random Processes (Stochastic processes)- Representation of Signals and Systems
stationary and non stationary Random Process, Ergodic process,
Power spectral density (PSD) of a Random process,
Power of a Random process. Some practical applications of the theory.
Module 4
Statistics I:
Pure applied probability (data in an uncertain world, perfect knowledge of the uncertainty)
Bayesian inference with known priors, probability intervals
Conjugate priors
Module 5
Statistics II:
Applied probability (data in an uncertain world, imperfect knowledge of the uncertainty)
Bayesian inference with unknown priors
Frequentist significance tests and confidence intervals
Resampling methods: bootstrapping
Linear regression
Books:
1. Cooper, McGillem: Probabilistic methods of signal and system analysis, Oxford
Univ.Press.
2. Peebles, P. Probability, random variables and random signal principles. Mc Graw Hill,
2001.
3. Papoulis, A. Probability, random variables and stochastic processes. Mc Graw Hill
(international Students’ edition), Singapore.
4. Childers, D. G. Probability and random processes using MATLAB. Mc Graw Hill, 1997.
Course Outcomes :
References:
1. HALL, PHI 2. LIU & GIBSON, PHI 3. BREY, PHI
Syllabus:
Introduction: Network structure, network architectures. The OSI reference model, services,
standardization, example networks.
The Physical Layer: physical characteristics ,Data Link Layer protocols-MAC,DLL, Ethernet, LAN,
VLAN, ARP , Bridges and routers. Network layer protocols, IPv4, IPv6, sub/supper netting, VLSM,
ICMP, IGMP, Routing Algorithms. Transport layer protocolsTCP, UDP, Congestion control
Algorithms. Application layer services: DNS, DHCP, FTP, TFTP, SMTP, SNMP, HTTP. Security and
encryption.
Course Outcomes :
References:
1) Kurose and Ross :computer networks, pearson-india
2) Peterson and Devie : Computer Network, elsiever india
3) Tanenbaum : Computer Networks , PHI/pearson-india
4) Stallings: Data communication & Networking , PHI/pearson-india
5) Leon-Garcia,Widjaja: Communication Networks, TMH
Unit 2: Introduction to Baritt, Trapatt, Gunn diode, Pin diode and other microwave solid state devices.
Unit 3: Introduction to Microstrip lines, Parallel Striplines and other striplines. Slot lines, Integrated
Fin line, Nonradiative guide, Transitions, Bends and Discontinuities.
Unit 4: Microwave amplifiers and oscillators. Measurement of VSWR, impedance, frequency, dielectric
constant power, attenuation, power and other microwave circuit performance parameters.
Course Outcomes :
CO1-Evaluate various parameters of transmission lines and waveguides
CO6-Compute the measurement parameters such as VSWR, impedance, frequency, dielectric constant
power, attenuation and phase shift etc related to microwave circuits
References:
1) Microwave Devices and Circuits- Samuel Y. Liao, Prentice Hall
2) Microwave engineering-David M. Pozar, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
3) Microwave Solid State Circuit Design- Inder Bahl, John Wiley & Sons.
4) Microwave circuits & passive devices- Sisodia and Raghuvanshi, New Age International.
5) Foundations of Microwave Engg.- Collin, John Wiley and Sons.
6) Microwave and Radar Engineering- Kulkarni, McGraw Hill Education
7) Introduction to Microwaves –Wheeler G.J., Prentice-Hall
Syllabus:
Fundamental Properties of Single layer Micro strip Patch Antenna. Micro strip Radiators Analytical
Models for Micro strip Patch Antennas. Full wave Analysis of Micro strip Patch Antennas. Rectangular
Micro strip Patch Antennas. Circular Dish and Ring Patch Antennas. Circularly Polarized Micro strip
Patch Antennas. Enhancing the Bandwidth of Micro strip Patch Antennas. Improving the Efficiency of
Micro strip Patch Antennas.
Course Outcomes :
CO1. Explain the working principle of microstrip antenna structures
CO2. Analyze different planar antenna geometries
CO3. Design planar antenna structures CO4. Improve antenna performance parameters
References:
1) Micro strip Antenna Design Handbook by Ramesh Garg, Prakash Bhartia, Inder Bahl, Apisak
Ittipiboon. Artech House.
2) Handbook of Antennas in Wireless Communication by Lal Chand Godara,CRC Press.
3) CAD of Micro strip Antenna for Wireless Applications by Robert A. Sainati, Artech House.
4) Compact and Broadband Micro strip Antenna by Kin-Lu Wong, John Wiley & Sons.
5) Micro strip Patch Antennas by Robert B. Waterhouse, Kluwer academic Publishers.
6) Handbook of Micro strip Antennas by J.R. James and P.S. Hall, Peter Peregrinus Ltd.
Syllabus:
Introduction: CAD of antennas, techniques for antenna analysis such as MOM, FDTD, Antenna
Matching Techniques, smith chart Antennas for Mobile Systems: introduction, mobile terminal
antennas, Performance Requirements Dipoles, Helical Antennas, Inverted-F Antennas, Mean Effective
Gain (MEG), Human Body Interactions and Specific Absorption Rate(SAR), Mobile Satellite
Antennas, Base Station Antennas Adaptive Antennas: basic concepts, applications, MIMO systems,
Adaptive antenna in practical system Smart antennas: Introduction, Need for Smart Antennas,
Configuration and architecture UWB Antennas: requirement, radiation mechanism, analysis, antenna
mismatch
Course Outcomes :
References:
1) Antennas Theory & Practice- By Balani
2) Antennas & wave Propagation - By K.D. Prasad
3) Wireless Communications: Principles & Practice - By Theodore S. Rappaport.
4) RE Collin
Syllabus:
Introduction: Substrate Materials, Conductor materials, Dielectric materials, Mask Layouts & mask
fabrication., Hybrid Microwave Integrated circuits, overview of Passive elements., R,L,C &
Microstriplines, Active Components-Ga As MESFETS, HEMT, Equivalent circuits, PIN & Schottky
Diodes.
Monolithic Microwave Integral Circuits: GaAs for MMICs, Design Considerations, procedure MMIC
fabrication, Examples of MMICs. Hybrid Versus Monolithic MICs. Power MMICs.
Microwave Optic, Acoustic and Magnetostaic Circuits, Microwave Modulation of optical sources, fiber
optic RF links, RF/optical interaction, optical control of Microwave Devices. Switching Application,
oscllicator tuning, Injection Locking, optical techniques for Millimeter wave circuits.
Course Outcomes :
References:
1) Microwave Solid state circuits Design by Inder Bahl & Prakash Bhartia WileyInterscience &
Publication.
2) MMICs by S.K. Kaul & B. Bhat.
3) MMIC Design GaAs FETs and HEMTs by Peter H. Lad brooke Artech house Boston &London.
Syllabus:
Introduction to Solid State Power Devices & Operation : SCR, G.T.O., Power transistor, Classification
of SCR triggering methods, design and operation of triggering circuits, commutation methods, pulse
transfer and isolation scheme, protection of power devices. Series & parallel operation of SCRs.
Phase Controlled Converters : Single phase uncontrolled, half-controlled and fully controlled
converters. Three-phase half-controlled and full controlled bridge converters.
Choppers : Different schemes and circuit configurations. Regulators : Single phase A.C. Regulators-
different circuit configurations and their operation.
Inverters : Single-phase and Three-phase bridge converter operating as line-commutated inverters, force
commutated inverters, pulse width modulated inverters. Cycloconverters : Three-phase to single-phase
and three-phase to three-phase configurations
Course Outcomes :
References:
1) M. Ramamoorty: An Introduction to Thyristors and their Applications, East West Press Pvt Ltd.
2) Mohammad H. Rashid : Power Electronics Circuits, Devices and Applications, Prentice Hall of India
Pvt Ltd.
3) B.R. Pelly : Thyristor Phase Controlled Converters and Cycloconverters, John Wiley & Sons.
4) P.C. Sen : Thyristor DC Drives, John Willey & Sons .
5) G.K. Dubey and etal : Thyristorized Power Controllers, Cenrro Wille Eastern.
6) Murphy & Turnbull : Power Electric Control of A.C. Motors, Pergawen Press
Syllabus:
Radiation sources, Lasers—structures and properties, Edge emitting and vertical cavity lasers, LED
designs, Nitride light emitters, light detectors
Course Outcomes :
References:
1) Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices – P. Bhattacharya, Pearson,
2) Fiber Optics and Optoelectronics- R.P. Khare, Oxford University Press,
3) Optoelectronics—Endel Uiga, Prentice Hall
4) Photodetectors and Fiber Optics—HS Nalwa, Elsevier.
Syllabus:
Processing technology for Memories: Multipoly Floating Gate and Control Gate, Trench Capacitors and
thin Oxide. Memory Modeling and testing faults in SRAMs, Marching Tests; Delay Faults.
Semiconductor memory architecture, Space of memory faults- fault primitives. Preparation of Circuit
Simulation: Definition & location of open, short, and bridge fault, Simulation methodology. Test for
single cell and two port SRAMs, Functional fault modeling and testing of RAMS, Fault Diagnosis &
Repair Algorithms. Built –in self Test and design for testabiltity of RAMs. Built in self repair
architecture. Trend in Embedded Memory testing.
Course Outcomes :
CO1: To know the basics of evaluation of elementary functions (Cognitive- Understand)
CO2: to understand fundamentals of Memory Modeling and testing faults (Cognitive- Understand)
CO3: To learn the techniques and algorithm for testing and fault diagnosis (Skills- Evaluate)
CO4: To understand basics of built-in self test and related issues (Skills- Design)
References:
1) Pinaki Mazumder, Kanad Chakraborty, Testing and Testable Design of High-Density Random-
Access Memories (Frontiers in Electronic Testing), Kluwer academic pub.
2) Said Hamdioui, Testing Static Random Access Memories: Defects, Fault Models and Test Patterns
(Frontiers in Electronic Testing), Kluwer academic pub 2004.
3) Pinaki Mazumder and Kanad Chakraborty, Fault –Tolerence and reliability techniques for High –
Density Random- Acess Memories, Pearson India, 2002..
Syllabus:
References:
1) Manufacturing Technology in the Electronics Industry: An introduction, Edwards P., Springer
Netherlands, 1991
2) Handbook of Electronics Manufacturing Engineering, Bernard S. Matisoff, Springer Netherlands,
1991
Syllabus:
UNIT 1. Introduction to Design Verification, OVM and UVM methodology, case studies using Verilog
and System Verilog
UNIT 2. Static verification, Formal Verification of digital hardware systems- BDD based approaches,
functional equivalence, finite state automata, FSM verification, Model checking
UNIT 3. Various industry & academia CAD tools for formal verification.
UNIT 4. Verification, validation & testing - Debugging techniques for embedded software,
instructionset simulators, clear box technique, black box testing, evaluating function test
UNIT 5. Recent trends in Design verification, case study.
Course Outcomes :
CO1-To understand features of System Verilog (Cognitive- Understanding)
CO2-To study Assertion Based Verification and also be aware of functional coverage. (Cognitive-
Analyze/Evaluate)
CO3-To apply language constructs of Bluespec for high level design/synthesis. (Skills- Apply) CO4-
To understand the necessity of the verification methodology. (Affective- understanding) CO5-Ability
to develop the test bench for DUT with verification methodology for scheduling, resource sharing and
binding.(Skills- Creativity)
References:
1) Embedded systems Design- Artist Roadmap for Research & Development, LNCS-3436,
Springer.
2) J. W. Valvano, Eembedded microcomputer systems- Real Time Interfacing, , Thomson press
(Cengage India)
3) Computers as components- Principles of embedded computing system design. Wolf, W., Academic
Press (Indian edition available from Harcourt India Pvt. Ltd., 27M Block market, Greater Kailash II,
New Delhi110 048.)
Syllabus:
Introduction: Synchronous and asynchronous paradigms of parallel computing. Hardware taxonomy:
Flynn’s classification, Handler’s classification; Software taxonomy: Kung’s taxonomy, SPMD. Abstract
parallel computational models: combinational circuits, sorting networks, PRAM models,
interconnection RAMs. Parallel programming languages. Performance metrics: laws governing
performance measurements; metrics- speed up, efficiency, utilization, communication overheads,
single/multiple program performances, benchmarks. Processor arrays. Scheduling. Basic algorithms:
Fast Fourier transform, Linear system solution, sorting etc.
Course Outcomes :
References:
1) Quinn, M. Parallel computing theory and practice. Mc Graw Hill (International Student Edition),
1994.
2) Hwang, K., Briggs, F. A. Computer architecture & parallel processing. McGraw hill.
3) Kumar, V., Grama, A., Gupta, A. and Karypis, G. An introduction to parallel computing. Addison
Wesley, 2001. (Low price edition from Pearson Education, India), 2001.
4) Hwang, K. Advanced computer architecture- parallelism, scalability and programmability. McGraw
hill, 2000
Syllabus:
Course Outcomes :
References:
1) Leslie Cromwell, Fred J. Weibell& Enrich A. Pfeiffer, Biomedical Instrumentation and
Measurements, 2nd edition, PHI.
2) John G. Webster, Medical Instrumentation, Applications & Design, 3rd edition, Wiley & Sons.
Syllabus:
Introduction and Motivation of Quantum Mechanics, Waves mechanics
Schrodinger’s equation, Measurement and Expected Values, Functions and
operators
Concepts of Angular Momentum, Spin, Pauli Exclusion Principle
Energy Band Diagrams, Semiconductors, Crystalline Materials, Harmonic
Oscillators, Photons
Introduction to Quantum Computing and Quantum Information Theory
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1. To understand the motivation behind the development of quantum mechanics
CO2. To develop an understanding of mathematical foundations.
CO3. To develop an understanding of the concepts of angular momentum and spin.
CO4. To apply key quantum mechanical concepts to electronics engineering problems.
CO5. To apply key quantum mechanics concepts in the area of computing and information
theory.
Recommended Readings
Text Books:-
1. Miller, David AB. Quantum mechanics for scientists and engineers. Cambridge
University Press, 2008.
2. Griffiths, David J., and Darrell F. Schroeter. Introduction to quantum mechanics.
Cambridge university press, 2018.
3. Cohen-Tannoudji, Claude, Bernard Diu, and Frank Laloe. "Quantum Mechanics,
Volume 1." Quantum Mechanics 1 (1986): 898.
Syllabus:
Ray Optics, Wave Optics, Beam Optics, Fourier Optics, Electromagnetic Optics.
Polarization and Crystal Optics, Guided Wave Optics, Fiber Optics, Resonator
Optics
Statistical Optics, Photon Optics, Photon and Atoms, Lasers.
Photons in Semiconductors, Photon Sources, Photon Detectors.
Photonic Switching and Computing.
COURSE OUTCOMES
Syllabus:
Current-mode (CM) Processing: Advantages over voltage-mode processing; Supply-current
Sensing, Trans linear circuits, Current- feedback op-amps.
Current-mode Active block based Filters: Circuit structure and analysis of operational trans
–impedance Amplifier (OTIA) and various generations of current Conveyers, MOSFET-C
Filters and techniques of non-linearity cancellation in MOS circuit, Log domain filters.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Gain a knowledge of different current mode sensing. (Cognitive- understanding)
CO2- Understand challenges in current-mode signal processing technologies. (Cognitive -
understanding)
CO3 –Analyze different method for improving current-mode analog circuits. (Skills- analyze)
CO4- Design and optimization of Current-Differencing Transconductance Amplifier. (Skills-
Create)
References:
1) Esteban Tlelo-Cuautle, "Integrated Circuits for Analog Signal Processing," Springer,2012, ISBN:
1461413834, 9781461413837.
Syllabus:
Introduction: Historical Perspective of Optical Communications, Optical Transmission and Optical
Networking, Optical Communications Trends, Migration to 100 Gb/s Ethernet and Beyond.
Optical Coding Schemes: Unipolar and Bipolar codes, 1D time spread codes, phase encoding, spectral
amplitude coding, 2D phase‐wavelength, wavelength‐time and space‐time codes, spectral amplitude
coding and 3D space‐ wavelength‐time, polarization‐wavelength‐time and space‐wavelength‐phase
codes. Performance Metrics for comparison of codes: Cardinality, Code dimension, Correlation
functions, BER due to multiple access interference, received power & noise.
Enabling Hardware Technologies: Optical encoders/decoders using fiber optic components & integrated
optics, Optical AND gate as a decoder, Realization of Optical logic gates, Potential Applications. Latest
topics in optical codes and applications
Course Outcomes :
CO1. Is able to grasp historical perspective and recent trends of Optical Communications including
Networking.
CO2. Is able to construct and analyze 1D, 2D and 3D codes.
CO3. Is able to design Optical encoders/decoders using fiber optic components & integrated optic
technologies.
CO4. Is able to search and review latest topics.
References:
1) Optical code division multiple access: Fundamentals and Applications ‐ Paul R. Prucnal (CRC Press)
2) Optical coding theory with prime ‐ Wing C. Kwong; Guu‐Chang Yang (CRC Press)
3) Spreading codes for all‐optical code division multiple access communication systems – M. Ravi
Kumar (Ph.D. Thesis, IIT Kharagpur)
4) Design and Performance Analysis of a New Family of Wavelength/Time Codes for Fiber‐Optic
CDMA Networks ‐ E. S. Shivaleela (Ph.D. Thesis, IISc Bangalore)
Syllabus:
Adaptive Filter Structures and Algorithms: Introduction to Adaptive systems, Adaptive Linear
combiner, Minimum Mean-Square Error, Wiener-Hopf Equation, Error Performance Surface, LMS
algorithm, Convergence of weight vector, Learning Curve, FX-LMS algorithm (Filtered X-LMS) and
its application to ANC, Types of LMS, RLS algorithm, Matrix Inverse Lemma for RLS, Computational
Course Outcomes :
CO1- To learn the characteristics of adaptive system architecture and analyze Wiener-Hopf Equation.
CO2- To understand the machine learning algorithms including LMS, RLS, Fx-LMS etc. CO3- To learn
the adaptive structures like : Adaptive Lattice Filter, Kalman Filter, Transformed domain adaptive
filtering, Filter Banks.
CO4- To explore the applications of adaptive signal techniques to System Identification, Channel
Equalization, time series prediction etc.
CO5- To develop MATLAB programming skills for adaptive systems
References:
1) B. Widrow and S. D. Stearns: Adaptive Signal Processing, Prentice Hall.
2) D. G. Manolakis, V. K. Ingle, S. M. Kogon : Statistical and Adaptive Signal Processing,
McGraw Hill.
3) S. S. Haykin: Adaptive Filter Theory, 4th Edition, Prentice Hall.
4) H. Sayed: Fundamentals of Adaptive Filtering, John Wiley & Sons.
Syllabus:
Unit 1: Introduction to VLSI DSP Systems : Need of VLSI DSP algorithms. main DSP Blocks and
typical DSP Algorithms. Fixed point /Floating point Representation; Floating point Arithmetic
Implementation, Architectures of Adders/Multipliers; CORDIC, representation of DSP algorithms:
Block Diagram, signal flow graph, data flow graph, dependence graph.
Unit 2: Iteration Bound Data flow graph representations, loop bound and iteration bound, longest path
matrix algorithm, iteration bound of Multirate data flow graphs.
Unit 3: Pipelining and Parallel Processing: Pipelining and parallel processing of FIR digital filters,
pipeline interleaving in digital filters: signal and multichannel interleaving.
Unit 4: Retiming, Unfolding and Folding: retiming techniques; algorithm for unfolding, Folding
transformation, Techniques of retiming, Unfolding & Folding.
Unit 5: Systolic Array Architecture Systolic Array Architecture: Methodology of systolic array
architecture, FIR based Systolic Array, Selection of Scheduling Vector, Matrix multiplication of
systolic array
Unit 6: Low power Design Theoretical background , Scaling v/s power consumption, power analysis,
Power reduction techniques, Power estimation approach
Course Outcomes :
CO1-To understand Graphical representation of DSP algorithms and Mapping algorithms into
Architectures (Cognitive/Skills- Apply)
CO2-To study architecture for real time systems and parallel and pipelining for Low power design
Syllabus:
Module 1: Introduction to FPGA Architectures, CLB, LUT, programming technology, routing, State of
art architectures
Module 2: FPGA design flow, Physical design automation, Fabrication of devices, Design rules,
Fabrication process and its impact on physical design, Basic data structure methods
Module 3 Partitioning : Classification, Group Migration Algorithms, Simulated Annealing and
Evolution, Other Partitioning algorithms, Performance driven partitioning
Module 4: Floor Planning, Placement and routing algorithms: Types of Floor planning, Chip planning,
pin assignment, Classification of Placement algorithms, Simulation based placement, Partitioning based
placement, other placement, Global routing, Detailed routing, Clock and power routing etc.
Module 5: Technology mapping for FPGAs, case studies.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Gain a knowledge of different FPGA Architectures (Cognitive- understanding)
CO2- Understand challenges in placement and routing algorithms. (Cognitive - understanding)
CO3 –Analyze different method for improving physical design. (Skills- analyze)
CO4- Evaluate Technology mapping for FPGAs (Skills- Evaluate)
References:
1) Naveed A. Sherwani, Algorithms for VLSI Physical Design Automation, Kluwer, 1999
2) Brown, S. D., Francis, R. J., Rose, J. and Vranesic, Z G. Field programmable Gate arrays. Kluwer,
1992.
3) Betz, V., Rose, J. and Marquardt, A. Architecture and CAD for Deep-submicron FPGAs. Kluwer,
1999.
4) Trimberger, S. M. FPGA Technology. Kluwer, 1992.
5) Oldfield, J. V. and Dorf, R. C. FPGAs: Reconfigurable logic for rapid prototyping and
implementation of digital systems. John Wiley, 1995
Syllabus:
Mathematical concepts for Machine Learning:
Linear Algebra (I): Scalars, Vectors, Matrices and Tensors, Multiplying Matrices and Vectors,
Identity and Inverse Matrices, Linear Dependence and Span, Norms, Special Kinds of
Matrices and Vectors, Eigen decomposition, Singular Value Decomposition.
Probability and Information Theory: Random Variables, Probability Distributions, Marginal
Probability, Conditional Probability, The Chain Rule of Conditional Probabilities.
Machine Learning Basics:
Overview of AI, Problems, Problem space and searching techniques, Definition production
system, Control strategies, and Heuristic Search Techniques.
Overview of machine learning, related areas, applications, challenges, and software tools.
Linear Regression (with one variable and multiple variables), Gradient Descent, Linear
Classification- Perceptron Algorithm.
Supervised Machine Learning:
Logistic Regression- Overfitting, Regularization, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Decision
Trees, KNN, Naive Bayes models, and probabilistic modeling. Ensemble methods: Bagging,
random forests, boosting
Un-Supervised Machine Learning:
Clustering – K-Means, Gaussian Mixture Models and Expectation Maximization (EM),
Dimensionality reduction, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant
Analysis (LDA).
Course Outcomes:
1. Demonstrate a fundamental understanding of artificial intelligence and Machine
Learning.
2. Understand fundamental concepts of linear algebra and probability for machine
learning.
3. Understand a wide variety of machine learning algorithms.
4. Understand how to evaluate models generated from data.
5. Design and implement machine learning solutions to classification, regression, and
clustering problems
References
1. Artificial Intelligence, A modern Approach, Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig PHI
2. Linear Algebra, Gilbert Strang, MIT Cambridge Press
3. Probability and Statistics for Machine Learning, Anirban Das Gupta, Springer
Syllabus:
Data Science Foundations: Applications of Data Science, Role and responsibilities of Data
Scientists, Comparing Data Science with other domains, Challenges in the field of Data
Science, Data Science Process, Data Scientists Toolbox
Data Prep and Exploratory Data Analysis: Type of Data and data sets, Data Quality ,Data
Pre-processing, Feature Creation, Dimension Reduction, Feature Selection, Measures of
Similarity and Dissimilarity, Descriptive Analysis, Data Visualizations.
Descriptive Modeling: Clustering, Association Rules, Principal Component Analysis,
Interpreting Descriptive models
Predictive Modeling: Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, K-nearest neighbour, Decision
Tree, Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machines, Neural Networks, Model Ensembles, Assessing
Predictive models.
Post-processing: General deployment considerations. The Narrative - report / presentation
structure, Building narrative with Data, Effective storytelling.
Course Outcomes:
CO1 Applications of Data Science and the process of Data Science project life cycle
CO2 Techniques and tools effective in addressing the data preprocessing and exploratory data
analysis stages
CO3 Applications of Descriptive and Predictive Data Analytics techniques
CO4 Hands-on experience of model building, evaluations and interpretations of results
CO5 Knowledge of post-processing involved in Data Science project including deployment
considerations, importance of effective storytelling
Text Book(s)
T1 Data Science for Business, By Foster Provost & Tom Fawcett, O’REILLY
T2 Applied Predictive Analytics, By Dean Abbott, WILEY
Syllabus:
Syllabus:
Crystal growth & wafer preparation: Processing considerations: Chemical cleaning, getting the
thermal Stress factors etc.
Epitaxy: Vapors phase Epitaxy Basic Transport processes & reaction kinetics, doping & auto doping,
equipments, & safety considerations, buried layers, epitaxial defects, molecular beam epitaxy,
equipment used, film characteristics, SOI structure.
Oxidation: Growth mechanism & kinetics, Silicon oxidation model, interface considerations,
orientation dependence of oxidation rates thin oxides. Oxides. Oxidation technique & systems dry &
wet oxidation. Masking properties of SiO2.
Diffusion: Diffusion –kinetics, Fick’s law, sheet resistivity, methods of diffusion. Diffusion from a
chemical source in vapor form at high temperature, diffusion from doped oxide source, diffusion from
an ion implanted layer.
Lithography: Optical Lithography optical resists, contact & proximity printing, projection printing,
electron lithography: resists, mask generation. Electron optics: roster scans & vector scans, variable
beam shape. X-Ray, e-beam lithography.
Etching: Reactive plasma etching, AC & DC plasma excitation, plasma properties, chemistry & surface
interactions, feature size control & apostrophic etching, ion enhanced & induced etching, properties of
etch processing. Reactive Ion Beam etching, Specific etches processes: poly/polycide. Trench etching.
Thin Film Materials & their Deposition: Interlayer dielectrics in microelectronic devices,
interconnections within and between different electronic devices. Packaging of Microelectronic
Devices: Packaging materials, different types of packaging, Microelectronic devices reliability.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- An understanding of silicon and GaAs electronic device fabrication processes
CO2- Learn different types of operations involved in converting silicon wafer into a complex integrated
circuit. Learn in detail basics of all operations used to manufacture a silicon-based monolithic integrate
circuit.
CO3-Gain experience in the modelling and simulation of semiconductor manufacturing processes.
CO4-Develop an understanding of the working principle and operational details of semiconductor
measurement device. DPGC Convener Head, ECE SPGB Chairman
CO5-Develop an understanding of industrially relevant and research intensive methods of electronic
device fabrications. Students should develop understanding of silicon growth methods, thin film growth
technologies, lithography and etching processes.
CO6-Become proficient in the measurements of key electrical parameters and characteristics of
integrated circuits
References:
1) S. M. Sze, “VLSI Technology”, McGraw Hill.
2) May, Sze, “Fundamentals of Semiconductor Fabrication”, Wiley
3) Stephen A. Campbell, “The Science and Engineering of Microelectronic Fabrication”, Oxford
University Press, 1996.
4) Hong Xiao, “Introduction to Semiconductor Manufacturing”, Prentice Hall, 2001.
5) SK Gandhi, “VLSI Fabrication Principles”, John Wiley 1983.
6) AB Glaser, GE Subak-Sharpe, “Integrated Circuit Engineering”, Reading MA, Addison Wesley
1977.
7) D. Nagchoudhuri, “Principles of Microelectronic Technology”, Wheeler Publishing, 1998.
8) Plummer, Deal , Griffin, “Slilcon VLSI Technology: Fundamentals, Practice and
Modeling” , Pearson
9) Research papers published in Applied Physics Letters and IEEE journals
Syllabus:
Introduction to coding theory, channel capacity and channel Coding theorems, concepts of finite fields,
Linear Block Codes, standard array, Syndrome decoding, Cyclic codes. Polynomial representation of
codes. Error detection and correction capability of block codes . Reed Muller Codes, BCH codes,
concatenated codes. Convolution codes; representation, coding and decoding. Introductin to Turbo
Codes.
Course Outcomes :
References:
1) Information theory Coding and cryptography by Ranjan Bose, TMH
2) Modulation & Coding by Stephen G. Wilson. Prentice Hall Inc.
3) Digital Communication by – Bernard Sklar, Pearson Education Asia
4) Digital communication by- J.G. Proakis TMH
Syllabus:
Introduction: Evolution: PROM, PLA, PAL, Architecture of PAL's, Applications, Programming PLD's.,
Design Flow, Programmable Interconnections, Complex PLD's: CPLD, Why FPGA ?, Applications,
CAD Tools. Digital system Design: Top down Approach to Design, Bootom up approach,Case study,
Data Path, Control Path, Controller behavior and Design, Case study Mealy & Moore Machines, Timing
of sequential circuits., Pipelining, Resource sharing, FSM issues (Starring state, Power on Reset, State
diagram optimization, State Assignment, Asynchronous Inputs, Output Races, fault Tolerance). FPGA
Architecture: FPGA family, FPGA architectures, Logic Block Architecture., Routing Architecture,
Placement of blocks. FPGA implementation: Synthesis of design, Hardware debugging using Chipscope
PRO, Power control/ process control systems using FPGA’s, Design optimizations using Xilinx Plan
ahead, DSP design flow using Xilinx FPGA’s. FPGA based Testing and Verification: Testing and
Verification concept, Different level of verification, System level verification with system Verilog,
Attributes of system Verilog, Fault coverage and ATPG based Testing, Boundary Scan and BIST based
Testability.
Course Outcomes :
CO1. To be able to apply the basic design principles of sequential logic systems. (Cognitive- Applying)
CO2. To understand the design concepts of synchronous state machines in Moore and Mealy
architectures. (Cognitive- understanding) CO3. To analyze & design data path, control path design and
various programmable devices (Skills- Create) CO4. To be able to implement a digital system using
HDLs (Skills- Evaluate)
References:
1) Digital Design using Field Programmable Gate array by P.K.Chan,Samiha mourad, Printice Hall
Series
2) Digital System Designs And Practices: Using Verilog Hdl And FPGAs by Ming Bo lin, Wiley India
Edition
Syllabus:
Electronic Instrumentation: Definitions of Accuracy, Precision, Resolution, Sensitivity and Linearity,
Standards of Resistance and EMF, Classification of Measuring Instruments. Theory and Constructional
Details of PMMC Instruments, Moving Iron Instruments, Electrodynamometer Type Instruments,
Electronic Voltmeter and its special features, Measurement of DC, RMS and Peak values of AC voltages
by Electronic Voltmeter. Different Methods for the Measurement of Resistance, Inductance and
Capacitance, Theory of Q-Meters and their Applications. Different Types of Transducers. Measurement
of Linear Displacement, Strain, Temperature, Pressure and fluid flow.
Control Systems: Classification of control systems,Control system components, BIBO stability,
methods of determining stability: Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Bode’s Plot, gain and phase margins, Root-
locus, Nyquist stability criterion. Concepts of compensation, Steady state errors, Design of phase lead
and phase lag compensators, Effects of compensation on the systems performance. Industrial
Controllers: P, PI, PD and PID controllers. Representation of state equations, Relationship between state
equations and differential equations and transfer functions, solution of state equations, state transition
matrix, state transition equation. Controllability and observability of control systems.
Course Outcomes :
References:
1) W.D. Cooper and A.D. Helfrick, Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques, Prentice
Hall of India, 2005.
2) I. J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, Control System Engineering, New Age Int., 2007.
3) B.C. Kuo, Automatic Control Systems, Prentice Hall of India, 2004.
4) K. Ogatta, Modern Control Engineering, Prentice Hall of India, 2002.
Syllabus:
Wireless Communication Standards, Characterization of the Wireless Channel, Receiver Techniques for
Fading Dispersive Channels, Mobility Management in Wireless Networks, Mobile IP, Mobile Ad hoc
Networks, Ad hoc Routing Protocols, Performance Analysis of DSR and CBRP, Cluster Techniques,
Incremental Cluster Maintenance Scheme, Space time Coding for Wireless Communication.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- To understand the wireless communication standards and characterization of the Wireless
Channels.
CO2- To analyze the Mobility Management in Wireless Networks, Mobile IP, Ad hoc routing protocols.
CO3- To understand the Performance Analysis of DSR and CBRP.
CO4- To analyze the Clustering Techniques and Incremental Cluster Maintenance Scheme
References:
1) Wireless Communication and Networking by John W. Mark, WeihuaZhuang.
2) Wireless Adhoc Networks by M. Ilyas, CRC Press
Syllabus:
Cryptography: Basic Terms and Concepts, Brief History of Cryptography and Cryptanalysis.
Uses and misuses. Basic Number Theory - Divisibility, Primarily, Bases, Congruence’s, Modular
Arithmetic, GCD'S, Euclidian algorithm, Fermat and Euler Theorems, Finding large primes, Pohlig-
Hellman, RSA.
Elementary and Historical Ciphers - Caesar cipher, Transposition and Substitution, Poly- alphabetic
ciphers, Product ciphers, DES, IDEA and Exponentiation ciphers. Cipher Modes - Block ciphers, Stream
ciphers, Public vs. Private keys, Meet-in-the-middle, LFSRS.
Authentication methods - One-way ciphers, Authentication functions, Message digests, MDS, SHA,
Tripwire, Kerberos. Privacy-enhanced communication - Privacy, non-repudiation, Digital signatures,
Certificate hierarchies, X.509, PGP, PKI. Introduction to secure transaction standards.
Key Management - Threshold schemes, Random number generation, Key escrow, Key recovery.
Applications - Mental Poker, Quadratic residues, Oblivious transfer and Zerknowledge proofs. Digital
cash, Digital voting and Contract signing
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Understand the basics of Cryptography
CO2- Apply number theory concepts to study basic cryptographic algorithms
CO3- Differentiate various algorithms in terms of confidentiality, integrity and authenticity.
CO4- Understand the strengths and weaknesses of various ciphers.
CO5- Apply the concepts learnt to real world scenarios.
Syllabus:
● Introduction: Substrate Materials, Passive elements., R,L,C & Microstriplines, Active Components-
Ga As MESFETS, HEMT.
● Monolithic Microwave Integral Circuits: GaAs for MMICs, Hybrid MICs, Power MMICs.
● Microwave Optic, Acoustic and Magnetostaic Circuits, Optical techniques for Millimeter wave
circuits.
● MMIC systems, Microwave Acoustic technology, Magnetostatic Wave Technology.
● MMIC Measurements and Characterization.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- To understand the basics of the Passive and Active Components relevant for an MMIC.
CO2- To choose appropriate substrate materials for implementing an MMIC.
CO3- To analyse and design of an MMIC to increase the yield and reliability.
CO4-To test and detect odd and even mode instabilities.
CO5- To compute the lifetime of an MMIC in packaged assemblies.
References:
1) Microwave Solid state circuits Design by Inder Bahl & Prakash Bhartia Wiley Interscience &
Publication.
2) MMICs by S.K. Kaul & B. Bhat.
3) MMIC Design GaAs FETs and HEMTs by Peter H. Lad brooke Artech house Boston &London
Syllabus:
Operation of Cellular Systems, Frequency reuse concept, Co-channel Interference, Techniques for
reducing cochannel interference, Adjacent channel interference, Near end and Far end interference,
Crosstalk, interference between systems.
Channel Assignment Techniques, Hand-off Techniques, Concept of smaller Cells, Trunking and
Teletraffic Theory.
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access,
MIMO-OFDM, Effect of frequency offset in OFDM, Peak to average power ratio (PAPR) in OFDM.
Cognitive Radio and Software Defined Radio Concepts. Evolution of Mobile Communication Systems,
Details of 3GUMTS, 4G-LTE and 5G Mobile Communication systems.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Appreciate Components of Mobile Communication systems and Operation of cellular system.
CO2- Analyse Interference and Techniques for reducing Co-Channel Interference.
CO3- Evaluate Analog cellular Mobile Systems for Channel structures.
CO4- Design Digital Cellular Mobile Systems, compare the performance of Digital and Analog cellular
systems.
CO5- Learn OFDM, OFDMA, MIMO, Cognitive radio systems CO6: Introduction to 3G-UMTS, 4G-
LTE and 5G Mobile Communication systems.
References:
1) Mobile and Cellular Telecommunication by W C Lee
2) Wireless Communications by T S Rappaport, IEEE Press
3) Wireless and Mobile Communication Systems by D. P. Agarwal & Qing Anzen, Thomson Press
Syllabus:
Review of Antenna Theory, Analysis and Design, Introduction, Smart Antenna analogy, Signal
Propagation, Strengths and Shortcomings, Beamforming, Mobile Adhoc Networks, Design, Simulation
and Results.
Phased Arrays in Radar and Communication Systems: System requirements for radar and
communication antennas, Array characterization for radar and communication systems, Fundamental
results from array theory, Array size determination, Time-delay compression.
Pattern characteristics of Linear and Planar Arrays: Array analysis, characteristics of linear and planer
arrays, Scanning to endfire, Thinned arrays. Pattern Synthesis for Linear and Planar Arrays: Linear
arrays and planar arrays with separable distributions, circular planar arrays and adaptive arrays.
Electronic Scanning Radar Systems: Frequency and phase scanning, Phase design techniques.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Understand and review the basics of the antenna design.
CO2- Understand the working principles of Smart antennas.
CO3- Analyse the phased array antenna systems.
CO4- Synthesize the radiation pattern of phased array antennas.
CO5- Understand the fundamentals of electronic scanning radar systems.
Syllabus:
Advanced topics in: Multiuser Detection Techniques, Wireless Networking, Optical Networking, Signal
Processing, Mobile Communication, Computer Networking, and their applications.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Review the fundamentals of communication technologies.
CO2- Apply the advanced communication topics to real world examples.
CO3- Master the state of the art techniques in the area of communication technologies.
CO4- Apply the mathematics to analyse and design the advanced communication system.
CO5- Develop an ability to read a scientific literature in the advanced communication technologies.
References:
1) William Stallings, “Wireless Communications & Networks”, ISBN: 0131918354, Prentice Hall; 2nd
edition, November 12, 2004.
2) Mobile & Cellular Telecommunication by W.C.Y Lee. McGraw-Hill
3) Digital Signal Processing- Oppenheim A.V. & Schafer R.W. PHI.
Syllabus:
Planar waveguides: Step-index and graded-index waveguides, guided and radiation modes. Strip and
channel waveguides, anisotropic waveguides, segmented waveguide; electro-optic and acousto-optic
waveguide devices. Directional couplers, optical switch; phase and amplitude modulators, filters, etc.
Y-junction, power splitters, Arrayed waveguide devices, fiber pig tailing, Fabrication of integrated
optical waveguides and devices. Waveguide characterization, end-fire and prism coupling; grating and
tapered couplers, nonlinear effects in integrated optical waveguides.
New materials and process technologies for optical device fabrication, advanced optical sources &
detectors, amplifiers, their reliability issues, Polymer waveguides, Surface Plasmon Devices, Optical
integrated circuits, hybrid & monolithic systems, optical interconnects, materials and processing for
OEIC.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Develop understanding of design concepts related to optical planar waveguides, directional
couplers and switches.
CO2- Analyze and Design components such as WDM couplers, filters, isolators, circulators, photonic
crystal based waveguides.
CO3- Explore new materials and process technologies for optical device fabrication, reliability issues.
References:
1) Integrated Optics, by Robert G. Hunsperger, Springer
2) Integrated Photonics: Fundamentals, By Ginés Lifante, John Wiley and Sons
Syllabus:
Introduction to EMC-EMI standards, EMC Requirements for Electronic Systems, Digital Signal
Spectra: Time and Frequency Domain. PCB Track as Transmission Lines, Signal Integrity, Non ideal
behavior of Circuit Components, Antennas. Conducted Emissions and Susceptibility, Radiated
Emissions and Susceptibility, Crosstalk, Shielding. System Design, Pre-compliance Measurements.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Master the EMI/EMC concepts, terminologies, and compliances.
CO2- Analyze the crosstalk and electromagnetic coupling between various components of electronic
system.
CO3- Apply standard EMI Reduction techniques and improve the noise immunity of a system.
CO4- Control and predict the EMI/EMC of a given system.
CO5- Design the appropriate electromagnetic material for a given EMI problem.
References:
1) Clayton Paul, Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility, Wiley
2) Henry W. Ott, Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering, Wiley.
3) Bogdan Adamczyk, Foundations of Electromagnetic Compatibility: with Practical Applications,
Wiley.
Course Outcomes :
CO1-Master the fundamentals of wireless sensor network.
CO2- Understand the protocols and their design considerations.
CO3- Model and simulate different WSN parameters.
CO4- Understand the parameters to estimate the QoS.
CO5- Master key routing protocols and the associated design challenges.
References:
1) Murthy &Manoj, "Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Architectures and Protocols," ISBN 0-13147023-X,
Pearson 2004
Syllabus:
Components for Fiber optic Networks- Couplers/Splitters- -semiconductor optical amplifier- bandwidth
of SOPAPolarization dependant gain noise-erbium doped fiber amplifiers- WD multiplexers /
demultiplexers- Filters- isolatorcirculators- Optical switches-wavelength converters- Fiber gratings-
tunable sources, tunable filters.
Photonic crystal structures and devices.
Homo-and hetero-junctions, quantum wells, advanced semi-conductor materials Semiconductor optical
amplifiers, LEDs and LDs: Device structure and Characteristics, DFB, DBR, and quantum well lasers,
VCSELS & Laser diode arrays.
Computer aided design of integrated optical waveguide devices. Application of photonics to microwave
devices. Nonlinear optical waveguides.
Engineering of DWDM systems. ITU standards and nomenclature, channel capacity, bit rate and
modulation, network topologies, current performance and future research issues.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Develop understanding of design concepts related to photonic devices and components used in
all-optical communication systems.
CO2- Analyze and Design components such as WDM couplers, filters, isolators, circulators, photonic
crystal based waveguides.
CO3- Analyze advanced concepts in design of homo and hetero junction devices, quantum well
CO4- structures, DFB/DBR lasers.
CO5- Appreciate the comparative selection of devices for particular applications such as dispersion
compensation, switching, multiplexing/demultiplexing, including AWG, diffraction gratings, Bragg
gratings.
References:
1) Fiber Optic Communication systems, G.P.Aggarwal,Wiley Eastern
2) Introduction to Fiber Optics , A.Ghatak and K.Thyagrajan, Cambridge Univ. Press
3) Introduction to Optical Electronics, K.A. Jones, Harper & Row
Syllabus:
Introduction to existing telecommunication technologies GSM, WLL, CDMA, Circuit, packet, frame
relay and ATM switching, Broadband ISDN, Evolution of IS-95 and third generation systems,
Microcell networks planning in CDMA, Indoor planning, Sectorization and smart antenna, Tariff rules
and guidelines, Comparison of different wireless technologies.
Course Outcomes :
CO1-Apply different multiplexing techniques to share network bandwidth
Syllabus:
Advanced network analysis: Application analysis using the Application form (AAF), Binary-Hex-
Decimal conversion, building test packets, Calculating the cost of network problems (Analysis ROI),
Key network calculations: Throughput, Latency and Bandwidth, Unattended captures: Triggered
starts/stops, Analysis ROI worksheet/calculation.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Develop and revise the fundamentals of computer networks.
CO2-Build the test packets for advanced analysis techniques.
CO3-Assess the strengths and weakness of various protocols.
CO4-Identify the challenges in managing and configuring switches and routers.
CO5-Analyse the cost of network problems using ROI worksheets.
References:
1) CCNA Portable Command Guide, Second Edition by Scott Empson
2) Network Analysis by Laura Chappell
Syllabus:
Introduction to Multirate systems and filter banks, 2D systems and mathematical preliminaries, Digital
Representation of Binary & Gray Scale and colour Images, Linear operations on images. Image
sampling and quantization: 2D Sampling on rectangular and nonrectangular sampling lattice, Aliasing,
LloydMax quantizer etc.
Image Transforms: 2D Discrete Fourier transform, DCT, DST and Hadamard ,Harr K-L Transforms &
their applications to image processing.
Image restoration:Wiener filtering , smoothing splines and interpolation.
Image Enhancement Techniques: Gray scale transformation, Histogram matching and equalization,
Smoothening:- Noise Removal, Averagins, Median, Min/Max. Filtering sharpening of Images using
differentiation, the laplaciam, High Emphasis filtering,
Image analysis: Edge detection, Boundary Lines & Contours.
Image representation by Stochastic models: ARMA models, 2D linear prediction.
Image Segmentation &Thresholding: Multiband Thresholding, Thresholding from Textures, Selective
histogram Technique.
References:
1) Digital Signal Processing- Oppenheim A.V. & Schafer R.W. PHI.
2) Digital Signal Processing-by Mitra- (TATA McGraw Hill) Publications.
3) Digital Image Processing- by Gonzalez / Woods, (Pearson Education)
4) Digital Image Processing- by A.K. Jain
5) Digital Picture Processing- by Rosenfield & Kak
Syllabus:
Brief recapitulation- band theory, FD statistics, recombination effects and bipolar junction
devices. MOS devices-MOS capacitance, interface effects and characterization. MOSFET
principles and characteristics, subthreshold region.
Various MOS structures-VMOS, DMOS etc. Parasitic effects in MOSFET and bipolar
circuits. CCDs. High frequency devices-metal semiconductor contacts. MESFETS.
Hetero-junction devices-HEMTs, HBTs.
Device modeling: Bipolar devices-Gummel –Poon model and RC Distributed model.
MOS device modeling-long channel effects short channel structures scaled down device
models, subthreshold conduction.
Course Outcomes:
CO.1. To appreciate band theory of semiconductors, Fermi Direac statistics
CO.2. To appreciate MOS device structure, and electrical characteristics
CO.3. To design and analyze various MOS structures including exotic strcutures
CO.4. To analyze various devices’ detailed models and perform device modeling/simulation on
TCAD
References:
1. S.M.Sze, Physics of semiconductor devices, Wiley Eastern, 1981.
2. D. Nagchoudhuri, Microelectronic Devices, Pearson Education India.
3. Y.P.Tsividis, Operation and modeling of MOS transistor, McGraw-Hill, 1987.
4. M.S. Tyagi, Introduction to Semiconductor material and devices, John.
5. Antognetti and Massobrio, Device modeling with SPICE, McGraw-Hill.
Syllabus:
Advance micro-architecture & Instruction level parallelism- pipelining & superscalar
techniques; Instruction formats, instruction sets and their design, Pipelining; dynamic scheduling,
VLIW, EPIC;
Memory hierarchy; Bus cache & shared memory; multilevel cache design & performance; memory
systems and error detection and error correction coding;
Data level parallelism- parallel and superscalar architectures- multivector, SIMD, GPU,
CUDA/OpenCL programming etc.; heterogeneous SoC processors;
Thread level parallelism- scalable multithreaded architectures, Simultaneous muthithread architectures
(SMT); multicore; hyper threading; dataflow, cluster architectures. VLIW, RISC,
parallel program development and environments;
Course Outcomes :
CO1-Analyze various performance characteristics of a computer system & trade-offs involved
(cognitive- Analyze)
CO2-Apply digital design techniques to the microarchitecture construction of a processor (Skills-
Apply)
CO3-understand I/O modules organization and operating system support (Skills- analyze)
CO4-perform the designing of instruction sets architecture (ISA with HW/SW) and evaluate using tools
for statistical analysis of instruction set trade-offs (Skills- design)
CO5-Gain the ability to develop parallel GPGPU solutions of CUDA and OpenCL (Skills- analyze)
CO6-Apply knowledge of processor design to improve performance in algorithms and software systems.
(AffectiveEvaluate)
References:
1) D. Patterson and J. Hennessy, Computer Organization and Design: The Hardware/Software Interface,
Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc., Second edition, 1998.
2) Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach, John L. Hennessy & David A Patterson, Morgan
Kaufmann, 1996.
3) Structure Computer Organization, 4th Edition, Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Prentice Hall, 1999.
4) Computer Architecture and Organization, J. Hayes, McGraw Hill, 1988.
5) Computer Organization and Architecture, 5th Edition, William Stallings, Prentice Hall, 1996.
Syllabus:
Introduction to MEMS: Introduction: micro- and nano-scale size domains; scaling of physical laws;
MEMS materials and processes; Miniaturization Issues. MEMS devices and applications, MEMS
Market.
MEMS Fabrication Technology: Introduction to Submicron Technology: semiconductor materials;
photolithography; doping; thin film growth and deposition; CVD, lithography and Ion Implantation,
metallization; wet and dry etching; silicon micromachining; Bulk micromachining; Surface
micromachining and LIGA.
MEMS Sensors and Actuators (Electrostatic, Thermal, piezoresistive): mechanics including elasticity,
beam bending theory, membranes/plates; microactuators based on various principles, electrostatic,
thermal, piezoresistive and applications e.g. acceleration, strain, tactile, temperature, IR detector flow;
inkjet.
MEMS Sensors and Actuators (RF and Bio): MEMS Sensors and Actuators: mechanics including
piezoelectric, magnetic, optical and its application. e.g. Microphone, micro speaker, nanogenerator,
micro-motor, RF resonator, SAW filter. Materials and processes for BioMEMS, Applications.
MEMS Devices Packaging and Calibration: MEMS device Calibration and packaging techniques,
Reliability. MEMS software training: COMSOL & Intellisuite.
Project The class project is to design reasonably complex MEMS devices. The project will be performed
as a team of two or three students
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Gain a knowledge of basic approaches for various MEMS sensors and actuators design.
(Cognitiveunderstaning)
CO2-Capability to critically analyze microsystems technology for technical feasibility as well as
practicality. (Affective- Evaluate)
CO3 -Develop efficient design for improving device performance in terms of speed, sensitivity
Selectivity and accuracy. (Skills- Create)
CO4- Design and optimization of RF MEMS sensors and actuators (Skills- Create)
CO5- Design and analysis of efficient MEMS presser sensor. (Skills- Analyze)
References:
1) Course notes – will be posted weekly on the course website
2) Foundations of MEMS, Chang Liu, Prentice Hall (2006)
3) Fundamentals of Micro fabrication, Marc Madou, CRC (2002)
4) Introduction to BioMEMS – Albert Folch, CRC (2012)
Syllabus:
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Gain a knowledge of asynchronous techniques. (Cognitive- understanding)
CO2-Evalvate delays and hazards in asynchronous design. (Affective- Evaluate)
CO3 –Analyze different method for improving digital design. (Skills- analyze)
CO4- Design and optimization of NCL logic. (Skills- Create)
References:
1) Asynchronous sequential circuits by Stephen H. Unger, John Wiley & Sons
2) Digital Integrated Circuits- A Design perspective, Jan M. Rabaey, PHI
3) Switching and Finite Automota Theory. Kohavi, Tata McGraw Hill
Syllabus:
Classical Detection Theory:
Decision Theory; Binary Decisions, Gaussian Noise; Detection in Gaussian Noise; Discrete
Representation for Signals; Solution of the Integral Equations; Decisions among a Number of Known
Signals, Performance Bounds and Approximations, Detection in Non-white Gaussian Noise Estimation
of Parameters and Random Processes:
The theory of estimation; Bayes estimation; Estimation of (Non-random) signal parameter; Multiple
parameter estimation, Estimation Bounds, ML estimation via Expectation-Maximization algorithm,
Regularization Joint Estimation and Detection:
Composite Hypotheses, Linear Estimation, Elements of Modern estimation and detection theory (as the
time permits).
Course Outcomes :
CO1-Master the fundamentals of estimation and detection theory.
CO2-Analyse the performance bounds of various detection schemes.
CO3-Master the estimation schemes using advanced techniques.
CO4-Analyse the strengths and shortcomings of existing estimation and detection techniques.
CO5- Study the state of the art in the estimation and detection.
References:
1) H. L. Van Trees, Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory, vol. 1, Wiley Interscience, 2001.
Syllabus:
Fundamental concepts in RF Design – harmonics, gain compression, desensitization, blocking, cross
modulation, intermodulation, inter symbol interference, noise figure, Friis formula, sensitivity and
dynamic range; Receiver architectures – heterodyne receivers, homodyne receivers, image-reject
receivers, digital-IF receivers and subsampling receivers; Transmitter architectures – direct-conversion
transmitters, two-step transmitters;
Low noise amplifier (LNA) – general considerations, input matching, CMOS LNAs; Down conversion
mixers – general considerations, spur-chart, CMOS mixers; Oscillators – Basic topologies, VCO, phase
noise, CMOS LC oscillators;
PLLs – Basic concepts, phase noise in PLLs, different architectures.
Course Outcomes :
CO1- Knowledge of basic concepts in RF integrated circuit design (Cognitive- understanding)
CO2- Acquaintance with various architectures of receivers and transmitters (Cognitive- Analyze)
CO3- Awareness of several concepts of low noise amplifiers (Cognitive- understanding)
CO4- Knowledge of applications of mixers, oscillators and PLLs. (Skills- Applying)
References:
1) Behzad Razavi, RF Microelectronics, Prentice Hall PTR, 1997
2) Thomas H. Lee, The design of CMOS radio-frequency integrated circuit, Cambridge University
Press, 2006
3) Chris Bowick, RF Circuit Design, Newnes, 2007.
Syllabus:
UNIT I
Introduction to Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, ML design cycle, types of learning:
supervised, unsupervised and reinforced, introduction to feature extraction and classification, density
and discriminant functions, decision surfaces. Review of probability theory: conditional probability,
Bayes theorem, random variables, density and mass functions, expectation and variance, joint
distribution function of multiple random variables, multivariate normal distribution.
UNIT II
Bayesian decision theory, Bayes Classifier, Naïve Bayes classifier, Euclidian distance and Mahalanobis
distance-based classifiers, minimum-error-rate classification. Parameter estimation methods,
Maximum-Likelihood estimation, Gaussian mixture models, Expectation maximization method,
Course Outcomes :
CO1-The students would have exposure to different algorithms for learning pattern classification
methods and would also have explore to different datasets to get a feel for ML algorithms.
CO2- The statistical and mathematical formulation underlying different algorithms would be
understood.
CO3- A background needed to study more advanced topics in ML will be developed (e.g. Deep
Learning, Generative Adversarial Networks, etc.).
CO4-The course would help students to build a career in industry using ML, or to be a data scientist, or
to pursue research in ML.
References:
Reference Text-Books
1) R. O. Duda, P. E. Hart and D. G. Stork, Pattern Classification, John Wiley, 2001
2) S. Theodoridis and K. Koutroumbas, Pattern Recognition, 4th Ed., Academic Press, 2009
3) C. M. Bishop, Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Springer, 2006
4) T. Pang-Ningm, V. Kumar, M. Steinbach. Introduction to data mining. Pearson Education India,
2018.
Programming Books
5) S. Theodoridis et. al., ‘Introduction to Pattern Recognition, A MATLAB Approach’. Academic Press,
2010
Syllabus:
Course outcomes:
CO1: Understand basic concepts of quantum computing
CO2: Understand and analyze quantum switching, storage and computing devices
CO3: Apply and analyze quantum algorithms
CO4: Understand various quantum circuit implementation techniques
CO5: Design various applications of quantum computing
Reference Books:
1. Quantum Computation and Quantum Information” by Michael Nielsen and Isaac Chuang
2. Quantum computing : a gentle introduction / Eleanor Rieffel andWolfgang Polak.
3. Quantum Computing for Everyone” by Chris Bernhardt
4. Quantum Computing: An Applied Approach” by John Preskill
5. Quantum Computing: From Linear Algebra to Physical Realizations” by Masahiro Hotta and
Keiji Matsumoto
Syllabus:
● Review of Electromagnetic Theory
● Analytical Solution of Partial Differential Equations (PDE)
● Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) Techniques
● Finite Element Methods (FEM)
Course Outcomes :
CO1- To apply numerical methods in understanding electrostatics and high frequency electromagnetics.
CO2- To evaluate the numerical solution in terms of validity and accuracy.
CO3- To assess the limitations and applicability of the discussed numerical methods.
CO4- To understand the default parameters for efficient usage of commercial solvers.
CO5- To explore independently the scientific literature for state of the art techniques.
References:
Reference Text-Books
1) Numerical Techniques in Electromagnetics, by Matthew N.O. Sadiku, CRC Press.
2) Theory and Computation of Electromagnetic Fields by Jianming Jin, Wiley.
Syllabus:
● Introduction and Motivation of Quantum Mechanics, Waves mechanics
● Schrodinger’s equation, Measurement and Expected Values, Functions and operators
● Concepts of Angular Momentum, Spin, Pauli Exclusion Principle
● Energy Band Diagrams, Semiconductors, Crystalline Materials, Harmonic Oscillators, Photons
● Introduction to Quantum Computing and Quantum Information Theory
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO5. To apply key quantum mechanics concepts in the area of computing and information
theory.
Recommended Readings
Text Books:-
1. Miller, David AB. Quantum mechanics for scientists and engineers. Cambridge University
Press, 2008.
2. Griffiths, David J., and Darrell F. Schroeter. Introduction to quantum mechanics. Cambridge
university press, 2018.
3. Cohen-Tannoudji, Claude, Bernard Diu, and Frank Laloe. "Quantum Mechanics, Volume 1."
Quantum Mechanics 1 (1986): 898.
Syllabus:
Introduction to Nano Electronics: Introduction to nanotechnology, mesostructures, Basics of
Quantum Mechanics: Schrodinger equation, Density of States. Particle in a box Concepts,
Degeneracy. Band Theory of Solids. Energy band diagram of Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor
contacts, Mode of Operations: Accumulation, Depletion, and Inversion. CV characteristics of
MOS, Non-idealities in MOSFET.
MOSFET Scaling: Basic physics of MOS transistors scaling, charge sharing effect (CSE),
narrow and reverse narrow width effect, SCE, DIBL, GIDL, mobility degradation due to gate
field, hot electron effect and velocity saturation, channel in-homogeneity, velocity overshoot,
tunneling through oxide, system integration limits: interconnect issues, High field effects and
MOSFET reliability issues.
MOSFET Modeling: MOS device modeling-long channel effects and short channel structures
scaled down device models, SRH and Auger models of recombination, Threshold voltage and
body effect, Long channel models for drain current, effect of non-uniform doping in the
channel, channel length modulation and dynamic operation, modeling of SOI MOSFET.
Text Books:
1. Solid State Electronic Devices, 6th Edition, Ben Streetman, University of Texas, Austin
Sanjay Banerjee, University of Texas at Austin, 2006.
2. S.M. Sze & Kwok K. Ng, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, Wiley, 2007.
3. Semiconductor Physics and Devices, Basic Principles, Third Edition, Donald A. Neamen,
2004.
Reference Books:
1. Yuan Taur & Tak H. Ning, Fundamentals of Modern VLSI Devices, Cambridge
2013
2. Mark Lundstrom & Jing Guo, Nanoscale Transistors: Device Physics, Modeling &
Simulation, Springer 2006
3. Yannis Tsividis, Operation and Modeling of the MOS Transistor, Oxford University Press,
2010
Syllabus:
Module 1: Physiological Signal Processing
Physiology: Basics of ECG Signal and its Acquisition, Electrical activity of heart, ECG Waveform, Interpretation of
ECG, Introduction of EEG Signal, EEG Acquisition, Neural activity in the brain, Signal Propagation in the brain,
EMG signal, EMG recording, Signal processing and Filtering of EEG, ECG, EMG etc. [8 Hours]
Module 2: Wearable Device and Healthcare Technologies
Health monitoring with wearable sensors, Wearable electrodes of ECG, EEG & EMG, Accelerometer, Glucose
sensing device, Smart healthcare components- cHealth, eHealth and mHealth. Role of IoT in Healthcare,
Electronics Health Records, Concept of Bioinformatics, Security and Privacy of Health records [8 Hours]
Syllabus:
Sample & Hold Circuits
Basic S/H circuits, effect of charge injection, compensating for charge injection, bias dependency, bias
independent S/H
D/A Converter
General considerations, Static non-idealities & Dynamic non-idealities, Current steering DAC, Binary weighted
DAC, Thermometer DAC, Design issues, Effect of mismatches
A/D Converter
General considerations, Static & Dynamic non-idealities, Flash ADC - Basic architecture, Design issues,
Comparator & Latch, Effect of non-idealities, Interpolative and folding architectures, Successive approximation
ADC, Pipeline ADC, Oversampling ADC - Noise shaping, Sigma-Delta modulator
PLLs
Basic Phase-Locked Loop Architecture, Voltage controlled oscillator, Divider Phase Detector,
Loop Filer, The PLL in Lock, Liberalized Small - Signal Analysis, Second - order PLL Model, Limitations of the
second - order Small - Signal Model, PLL Design Example
References:
1. Behzad Razavi, "Principles of data conversion system design,” S. Chand & Co. Ltd., 2000
2. Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits: Behzad Razavi, Mc Graw Hill Education (India), 2018
3. VLSI Design techniques for Analog and digital Circuits: R. L. Geiger, P. E. Allen, D. R. Holberg, OUP, (2/E)
McGrqw Hill (2002)
4. Jacob Baker, "CMOS Mixed-Signal Circuit design", A John Willy & Sons' inc' publications, 2003.
5. Analysis and Design of Analog ICs: Paul, Grey, et. al., J Willy and Sons, 4/E, 2001
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course the student will be able to:
CO1: Understanding working of sample and hold circuits, compensation methods and bias independent design
techniques.
CO2: Understanding basic of ADC, various design issues and their mitigation methods.
CO3: Understanding basic of DAC, various design issues and their mitigation methods.
CO4: Understanding the PLL principle of operation, working of its component, and the effects of the loop
components on the system performance.
CO5: Design a phase-locked loop for application as a frequency synthesizer, frequency tracking filter, and
demodulator for AM, FM.
Syllabus:
Unit –I: Introduction to Photonic Switching: All Optical Switches,
Comparison of OEO and OOO switches, Parameters used for switch
Unit –II: Switch Types & Structures: Optical Switch Fabrics, Opto-
mechanical Switches, Optical Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems
(Optical MEMS), Electro-Optic Switches, Thermo-Optic Switches,
Liquid-Crystal Switches, Bubble Switches. Acousto-Optic Switches,
Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Switches, grated switches and photonic
crystal fibre based switches, etc.
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Appreciate and evaluate all optical switches
CO2: Design various types of optical switches
CO3: Understand different switch architectures
CO4: Implementation of optical switches in optical networks
Recommended Readings
Text Books: -
1. Optical Switching by G.I Papadimitriou, C. Papazoglon and A.S Pomportsis, Wiley series in
microwave & optical Engg.
2. Optical components for communications by Ching-Fuh Lin, Kluwer academic publishers.
3. Photonics by Ralf Menzel, Springer International Edition.
Syllabus:
Embedded SoC
Design methodology- high performance embedded computing, and real-time operating system; HW-SW
codesign, FPGA for embedded Systems design, programmable SoC (Zynq SoC); Advanced Computing Models
& Architectures [ 8 hrs]
ARM, interfacing, Microkernels and exokernels, monolithic kernels, Domain specific architectures,
Zynq SoC based design methodology- boot image, flash; advanced Cortex™-A9 processor
services; DMA
controller in the Zynq SoC; Ethernet and USB controllers; [ 8 hrs]
Software organization, scheduling, and execution; Energy management and low-power design; Safety and
reliability in embedded systems; Emerging Memory Technologies; Fault Resilient Chip Design; Energy Efficient
Exascale Systems; [ 8 hrs]
References:
1. Jonathan W. Valvano, Embedded Systems: Real-Time Operating Systems for ARM®
Cortex™-M
Microcontrollers, Volume 3, Fourth edition, January 2017, ISBN: 978-1466468863. Outline:
http://www.ece.utexas.edu/~valvano/arm/outline3.htm
2. Edward Lee and Sanjit Seshia, Introduction to embedded systems: A cyber-physical systems approach, MIT
Press, 2016. (Free PDF: http://leeseshia.org/download.html)
3. Philip Koopman, Better embedded system software, Drumnadrochit Education, 2010.
4. Embedded System Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction, Frank Vahid and Tony Givargis, John
Wiley and Sons, 2001, ISBN No. 04711386782.
5. High-Performance Embedded Computing: Architectures, Applications, and Methodologies, Wayne Wolf,
Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2006, ISBN No. 012369485.
6. J .Fitzgerald, P.G. Larsen, M. Verhoef (Eds.): Collaborative Design for Embedded Systems: Co-modelling and
Co-simulation. Springer Verlag, 2014, ISBN 978-3-642-54118-6.
7. Suh, S.C., Carbone, J.N., Eroglu, A.E.: Applied Cyber-Physical Systems. Springer, 2014.
8. Hennessy and Patterson, Computer Architecture- A Quantitative Approach, 4th or later Edition (ISBN-13: 978-
0123704900 ISBN-10: 0123704901 Edition: 4th)
Further reading
1. Edward A. Lee, Cyber-Physical Systems - Are Computing Foundations Adequate?
2. Paulo Tabuada, Cyber-Physical Systems: Position Paper
3. Rajesh Gupta, Programming Models and Methods for Spatio-Temporal Actions and Reasoning in Cyber-
Physical Systems
4. E. A. Lee and S. A. Seshia, Introduction to Embedded Systems - A Cyber-Physical Systems Approach,
http://LeeSeshia.org, 2011.
5. Altawy R., Youssef A., Security Trade-offs in Cyber Physical Systems: A Case Study Survey on
Implantable Medical Devices
6. Ahmad I., Security Aspects of Cyber Physical Systems
7. "US National Science Foundation, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS)"
8. ^ Jump up to: a b Khaitan et al., "Design Techniques and Applications of Cyber Physical Systems: A
Survey", IEEE Systems Journal, 2014.
Course outcomes:
Is able to:
CO1: Understand significance of embedded HW/SW, computing models & architectures (Cognitive-
Understand)
CO2: Understanding of CPU operation, I/O devices and their interfacing (Cognitive- Understand)
CO3: Develop C/C++ programs in real-time operating systems for memory management, interrupt handling,
thread
management, task scheduling and software/hardware interfacing. (Skills- Apply, Create)
CO4: Learn program and system design and analysis methodologies (Skills- analyze and design)
CO5. Relate to the real-world applications of embedded systems and associate it with emerging areas such as
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Internet-of-Things (IoT), and robotics.
Unit - I Introduction: Introduction (a) Security(b) Malware(c) OWASP top ten and other major security issues in
the world(d) CVE and other information
(e) Introduce various types of security areas 5
Unit - II Software and OS Security : OS Security: Common Bugs, Buffer Overflow, Runtime Defences against
memory safety vulnerabilities, program verification and other vulnerabilities, Principles in OS Security;
Mechanisms for confining bad code, Mechanisms for confining bad code
: isolation, sandboxing, SFI and Virtualization, Trusted Computing 8
Unit - III Web Security: Secure web site design (SQL injection, XSS, etc.), Browser Security, 7
Unit - IV Network Security: TCP/IP, DDoS Attacks, Network worms and bot-nets: attacks and defences, DNS
and BGP security, Network defence tools – Firewall and Intrusion Detection. 11
Unit - V Future/Advanced Security: Introduction - The Security in Existing wireless Networks, Upcoming
wireless networks and challenges, Thwarting and malicious behaviour – Naming and addressing, security
association and secure neighbour discovery, secure routing in multichip wireless networks and privacy
protection. Mobile OS Security and Privacy: Android, IOS security challenges, processor security, privacy,
anonymity and censorship and other security issues according to the current situations and future requirements
9
References
1. Security in Computing (3rd edition)
2. Cryptography and Networks 7 edition
3. The course materials are mainly from the lecturing slides I?ve made and research papers from top
conferences like NDSS, USENIX, SIGCOMM, MOBICOM, NSDI, MobiSys etc.
SYLLABUS :
Introduction of Communication System and Amplitude Modulation: Overview of
communication systems, Orthogonal representation of the signal, Double sideband
suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) modulation, Double sideband carrier (DSB-C), Single
sideband (SSB) modulation, Other AM techniques and frequency division multiplexing,
Radio transmitter, and receiver.
Frequency Modulation: Spectrum of tone-modulated signal, arbitrary modulated FM
signal FM modulated and demodulated signal, stereophonic FM broadcasting.
Pulse Modulation and Phase-Locked Loops (PLL): Pulse amplitude modulation, Pulse
width and Position modulation, Differential pulse code modulation, Delta modulation,
voice coders, Analog PLL, digital PLL, and Application of PLL.
AM and FM Reception Performance under Noise: Single Sideband Suppressed
Carrier (DSB-SC) Modulation, Comparisons of AM System: A figure of Merit, Threshold
Effect in AM and FM Reception. Signal-to-Noise Ratio, Pre-emphasis and De-emphasis
and SNR Improvement, The Threshold in an FM Discriminator, FM Demodulation using
Feedback (FMFB)
STUDY MATERIAL:
A. TEXT / REFERENCES:
1. Lathi B.P, Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, 3rd Ed, Oxford
University Press, 2005.
2. H. Taub, D. L. Schilling and Gautam Saha, Principles of Communication Systems,
3rd ed, TMH, 2008.
3. Haykin, Communication Systems, 4th Ed, John Wiley & Sons, 2004.
Course Outcomes:
CO1-To familiarize the students about different analog modulation and demodulation schemes
CO2- To understand analog-digital conversion techniques.
CO3- To analyze the performance of different modulation techniques under noise.
CO4- To apply the concept of probability and random processes in analysis of communication systems.
CO5- To perform noise analysis of communication systems
SYLLABUS :
Unit I- Advancements in Transforms: Discrete Fourier Transform, FFT, Short time
Fourier Transform (STFT), Multi Resolution Analysis, Wavelet Transform, Continuous
Wavelet Transform (CWT), Inverse CWT, Discrete Wavelet Transform, Sub-band
coding and implementation of DWT, Applications (signal and image compression, de-
noising, detection of discontinuous and breakdown points in signals), Discrete Cosine
Transform, Stockwell-transform, Frequency selective filtering with wavelet and S-
transform.
Unit IV- Data Mining Techniques: Higher Order Statistics, Principal Component
Analysis, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Independent Component Analysis
Recommended Readings
Text Books:-
1. Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms, and Applications 4 Edition,
Author: John G. Proakis, Dimitris G Manolakis Publisher: Pearson.
2. Wavelets and Signal Processing, Author: Hans-Georg Stark, Publisher: Springer
3. Stockwell, Robert Glenn, Lalu Mansinha, and R. P. Lowe. "Localization of the
complex spectrum: the S transform." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 44.4
(1996): 998-1001.
Reference books:-
1. Engineering Optimization: Theory and Practice, Third Edition SINGIRESU S.
RAO, New Age Publishers
2. Data Mining - Concepts and Techniques, Authors : Jain Pei, Jiawei Han, Micheline
Kamber, Publisher : Elsevier
Online/E resources:-
1. The Wavelet Tutorial : The Engineer's Ultimate Guide to Wavelet Analysis, Author
: Robi Polikar, University of Rowan : Online :
http://users.rowan.edu/~polikar/WTtutorial.html
SYLLABUS :
Unit I- Introduction to Multirate Signal Processing; Overview of Sampling and
Reconstruction, Review Discrete-Time Systems, Digital filters, FIR and IIR
Filter, Oversampling techniques, DT processing of continuous time signals.
COURSE OUTCOMES
• Analysis of Recent Signal Processing Techniques and Algorithms in Filterbank Systems
• Design FIR filters for multi rate signal processing, Appreciate Components of Multirate
System
• Design PR and NPR Filterbank and Transmultiplexers Systems
• Characteristics of Multirate systems
• Evaluate sampling rate conversions and learn different Applications
Recommended Readings
Text Books: -
1. Vaidyanathan, Parishwad P., “Multirate systems and filter banks”, Pearson
Education India, 2006
2. Rabiner, Lawrence R., “Multirate digital signal processing”, Prentice Hall
PTR, 1996
Reference books:-
1. 1. N.J. Fliege, “Multirate digital signal processing”, John Wiley 1994
2. S. K. Mitra and Y. Kuo, “ Digital signal processing: a computer-based
approach”, McGraw-Hill, 2006.
Online/E resources:-
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117/102/117102060/
2. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc19_ee50/
SYLLABUS :
Module 1: Physiological Signal Processing
Physiology: Basics of ECG Signal and its Acquisition, Electrical activity of heart, ECG Waveform, Interpretation of
ECG, Introduction of EEG Signal, EEG Acquisition, Neural activity in the brain, Signal Propagation in the brain,
EMG signal, EMG recording, Signal processing and Filtering of EEG, ECG, EMG etc.
Module 2: Wearable Device and Healthcare Technologies
Health monitoring with wearable sensors, Wearable electrodes of ECG, EEG & EMG, Accelerometer, Glucose
sensing device, Smart healthcare components- cHealth, eHealth and mHealth. Role of IoT in Healthcare,
Electronics Health Records, Concept of Bioinformatics, Security and Privacy of Health records
Module 3: Machine Learning for Health information
Data & Modelling of Health information, Basics concepts of ML, Role of ML for Healthcare, Feature Extraction of
real-world signals as speech, audio, text, image, video., Pre-processing Requirements of signals, Noise and
artifacts, information retrieval, Optimization, Regression, Classification, Unsupervised Learning for Health data,
Pattern Recognition, Gaussian models, Time series modelling.
Module 4: Deep learning for healthcare
Basics of DL, MLP, Back Prorogation, Convolutional Neural Networks & Recurrent Neural network for digital
health, Forward and Backward propagations, Architectures for sequence to sequence and sequence to vector
mapping, Models for Healthcare using deep, recurrent and deep networks, LSTM, Medical Image analysis, Need
for Deep Learning & Neuroimaging, Object Detection, Segmentation, Deep learning models.
SYLLABUS :
SYLLABUS :
(i) (a) Large Matrix analysis and large Eigen value problem– Groups, fields and rings; vector spaces;
basis & dimensions; canonical forms; inner product spaces- orthogonalization, Gram-Schmidt
orthogonalization, unitary operators, change of orthonormal basis, diagonalization; (b) Eigenvalues &
eigen vectors- Gerschghorin theorem, iterative method, Sturm sequence, QR method, introduction to
large eigen value problems.
(ii) Reduced order modelling of systems- Taylor’s polynomial, least square approximation,
Chebyshev series/polynomial, curve fitting & splines, Pade & rational approximation
(ii) Preface to AI- first order logic & inferencing, uncertainty, probabilistic reasoning systems,
making decisions under uncertainty.
3. Advanced Model Order Reduction Techniques in VLSI Design, Sheldon Tan, Lei He,
Cambridge Univ. Press, 2007.
Further references
1. Luigi FORTUNA, Guiseppe NUNNARI, Antonio GALLO, MODEL ORDER
REDUCTION TECHNIQUES WITH APPLICATIONS IN ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING, Springer, 1992.
2. Y. Saad, Numerical methods for large Eigenvalue problems, www.umn.edu
3. Matrix Analysis & linear algebra, Meyer, SIAM
4. H. A. van der Vorst, Iterative methods for large linear systems, citeseerx.ist.psu.edu
5. Cheng et al, Symbolic analysis and reductions of VLSI circuits, Springer, 2005
Course outcomes
CO1. Is able to grasp core concepts, basic tenets of linear algebraic structures- groups,
fields and rings;vector spaces (knowledge)
CO2. Is able to grasp features, properties and operations on vector spaces-
orthogonalization, change of basis, diagonalization (knowledge)
CO3. Is able to learn & apply problem solving for computing eigen values and eigen
vectors etc. (Thinking, skills)
CO4. Is able to demonstrate application of algorithms (Gerschgorin, Sturm sequence
method, QR method) for eigen value computation/estimation and
MATLAB/SCILAB validation(skills)
CO5. Is able to describe algorithms for function approximation, fitting (rational,
Chebychev, Pade etc.) using MATLAB (skills)
CO6. Develops appreciation for combinatorial optimization algorithms, AI
probabilistic approaches & implements through MATLAB/C++/SCILAB (skills)
SYLLABUS :
Unit 1: Introduction to VLSI DSP Systems : Need of VLSI DSP algorithms. main DSP Blocks and
typical DSP Algorithms. Fixed point /Floating point Representation; Floating point Arithmetic
Implementation, Architectures of Adders/Multipliers; CORDIC, representation of DSP algorithms:
Block Diagram, signal flow graph, data flow graph, dependence graph.
Unit 2: Iteration Bound Data flow graph representations, loop bound and iteration bound, longest path
matrix algorithm, iteration bound of Multirate data flow graphs.
Unit 3: Pipelining and Parallel Processing: Pipelining and parallel processing of FIR digital filters,
pipeline interleaving in digital filters: signal and multichannel interleaving.
Unit 4: Retiming, Unfolding and Folding: retiming techniques; algorithm for unfolding, Folding
transformation, Techniques of retiming, Unfolding & Folding.
Unit 5: Systolic Array Architecture Systolic Array Architecture: Methodology of systolic array
architecture, FIR based Systolic Array, Selection of Scheduling Vector, Matrix multiplication of
systolic array
Unit 6: Low power Design Theoretical background , Scaling v/s power consumption, power analysis,
Power reduction techniques, Power estimation approach
Course Outcomes :
CO1-To understand Graphical representation of DSP algorithms and Mapping algorithms into
Architectures (Cognitive/Skills- Apply)
CO2-To study architecture for real time systems and parallel and pipelining for Low power design
(Cognitive- Remembering)
CO3-To be aware of systolic Array architecture and methodology for developing Architectures
(Cognitive- Understanding)
CO4-To know different signal processing modules as convolution technique, retiming concept, folding
/unfolding Transformation and CORDIC architecture. (Cognitive- Analyse)
CO5-To implement different low power Design techniques. (Skills- evaluate)
References:
1) VLSI Digital Signal Processing System : : Design and implementation by K.K. Parhi
2) Digital Signal Processing with Field Programmable Gate Arrays Uwe Meyer-Baese , Springer.
3) FPGA-based Implementation of Signal Processing Systems. by Roger Woods, John Mcallister,
WILEY
SYLLABUS :
Adaptive Filter Structures and Algorithms: Introduction to Adaptive systems, Adaptive Linear
combiner, Minimum Mean-Square Error, Wiener-Hopf Equation, Error Performance Surface, LMS
algorithm, Convergence of weight vector, Learning Curve, FX-LMS algorithm (Filtered X-LMS) and
its application to ANC, Types of LMS, RLS algorithm, Matrix Inverse Lemma for RLS, Computational
complexity of LMS and RLS, Convergence Analysis. IIR-LMS, Lattice Filter, FIR to Lattice conversion
and vice-versa, Adaptive Lattice Filter Kalman Filter, Adaptive Kalman Filter Transformed domain
adaptive filtering: Block Linear, Block Circular Filter Banks and multi-rate signal processing
Distributed signal Processing: Incremental LMS, Diffusion LMS
Course Outcomes :
CO1- To learn the characteristics of adaptive system architecture and analyze Wiener-Hopf Equation.
CO2- To understand the machine learning algorithms including LMS, RLS, Fx-LMS etc. CO3- To learn
the adaptive structures like : Adaptive Lattice Filter, Kalman Filter, Transformed domain adaptive
filtering, Filter Banks.
CO4- To explore the applications of adaptive signal techniques to System Identification, Channel
Equalization, time series prediction etc.
CO5- To develop MATLAB programming skills for adaptive systems
References:
5) B. Widrow and S. D. Stearns: Adaptive Signal Processing, Prentice Hall.
6) D. G. Manolakis, V. K. Ingle, S. M. Kogon : Statistical and Adaptive Signal Processing,
McGraw Hill.
7) S. S. Haykin: Adaptive Filter Theory, 4th Edition, Prentice Hall.
8) H. Sayed: Fundamentals of Adaptive Filtering, John Wiley & Sons.
SYLLABUS :
Introduction to Multirate systems and filter banks, 2D systems and mathematical
preliminaries, Digital Representation of Binary & Gray Scale and colour Images, Linear
operations on images.
Image sampling and quantization: 2D Sampling on rectangular and nonrectangular sampling
lattice, Aliasing, Lloyd-Max quantizer etc.
Image Transforms: 2D Discrete Fourier transform, DCT, DST and Hadamard ,Harr K-L
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Ability to understand Multirate systems, Image sampling and quantization
CO2: Ability to understand Image Transforms, Image restoration and Image
Enhancement Techniques
CO3: Ability to understand Image analysis, Image Segmentation & Thresholding,
Image Compression
Recommended Readings
Text Books: -
1. Digital Signal Processing- Oppenheim A.V. & Schafer R.W. PHI.
2. Digital Signal Processing-by Mitra- (TATA McGraw Hill) Publications.
3. Digital Image Processing- by Gonzalez / Woods, (Pearson Education)
Reference books: -
1. Digital Image Processing- by A.K. Jain
2. Digital Picture Processing- by Rosenfield & Kak
Online/E resources: -
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117/105/117105135/
SYLLABUS :
UNIT I
Introduction to Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, ML design cycle, types of learning:
supervised, unsupervised and reinforced, introduction to feature extraction and classification, density
and discriminant functions, decision surfaces. Review of probability theory: conditional probability,
Bayes theorem, random variables, density and mass functions, expectation and variance, joint
distribution function of multiple random variables, multivariate normal distribution.
UNIT II
Bayesian decision theory, Bayes Classifier, Naïve Bayes classifier, Euclidian distance and Mahalanobis
distance-based classifiers, minimum-error-rate classification. Parameter estimation methods,
Maximum-Likelihood estimation, Gaussian mixture models, Expectation maximization method,
Course Outcomes :
CO1-The students would have exposure to different algorithms for learning pattern classification
methods and would also have explore to different datasets to get a feel for ML algorithms.
CO2- The statistical and mathematical formulation underlying different algorithms would be
understood.
CO3- A background needed to study more advanced topics in ML will be developed (e.g. Deep
Learning, Generative Adversarial Networks, etc.).
CO4-The course would help students to build a career in industry using ML, or to be a data scientist, or
to pursue research in ML.
References:
Reference Text-Books
5) R. O. Duda, P. E. Hart and D. G. Stork, Pattern Classification, John Wiley, 2001
6) S. Theodoridis and K. Koutroumbas, Pattern Recognition, 4th Ed., Academic Press, 2009
7) C. M. Bishop, Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Springer, 2006
8) T. Pang-Ningm, V. Kumar, M. Steinbach. Introduction to data mining. Pearson Education India,
2018.
Programming Books
5) S. Theodoridis et. al., ‘Introduction to Pattern Recognition, A MATLAB Approach’. Academic Press,
2010
SYLLABUS :
Sequential Logic Design- Introduction, Basic Bistable Memory Devices, additional bistable devices,
reduced characteristics and excitation table for bistable devices.
Synchronous Sequential Logic Circuit Design- Introduction, Moore, Mealy and Mixed type Synchronous
State Machines. Synchronous sequential design of Moore, Melay Machines,
Algorithmic State Machine- An Algorithm with inputs, digital solution, Implementation of traffic light
controller, ASM charts, Design Procedure for ASMs.
Books:
SYLLABUS :
MEMS Sensors and Actuators (Electrostatic, Thermal, piezoresistive): mechanics including elasticity,
beam bending theory, membranes/plates; microactuators based on various principles, electrostatic,
thermal, piezoresistive and applications e.g. acceleration, strain, tactile, temperature, IR detector flow;
inkjet.
MEMS Sensors and Actuators (RF and Bio): MEMS Sensors and Actuators: mechanics including
piezoelectric, magnetic, optical and its application. e.g. Microphone, micro speaker, nanogenerator,
micro-motor, RF resonator, SAW filter. Materials and processes for BioMEMS, Applications .
MEMS Devices Packaging and Calibration: MEMS device Calibration and packaging techniques,
Reliability. MEMS software training: COMSOL & Intellisuite .
References:
Course Outcomes:
CO5- Design and analysis of efficient MEMS presser sensor. (Skills- Analyze)
Course Code :
Credits : 3 (L-T-P : 3-0-0)
SYLLABUS : Introduction: concept of nanotechnology, Origin of nanotechnology: change in
optical, mechanical, electronic and magnetic behavior at nanoscale, Advantages of nanostructures in
comparison to macrostructures, Scope of nanotechnology.
Applications: Application of nanotechnology in various domains: nano and molecular electronics, nano-
devices like FinFETs, Tunnel-FETs, nanochemistry, nanobiotechnology, nanomedicine,
nanomagnetism, nanorobotics, nanophotonics, smart nanosensors, MEMS/NEMS, nanotechnololgy for
energy systems
References:
1. Nabok A., “Organic and Inorganic Nanostructures”, Artech House, 2005.
2. Dupas C., Houdy P., Lahmani M., “Nanoscience: Nanotechnologies and Nanophysics”,
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2007.
3. Edelstein A S and Cammarata R C, “Nanomaterials: synthesis, Properties and
Applictions”,Taylor and Francis, 2012.
4. Michael Wilson, Kamali Kannangara and Geoff Smith, “NANOTECHNOLOGY - Basic
Science and Emerging Technologies”, A CRC Press Company, D.C, 2002.;
Course Outcomes:
CO2: Acquaintance with various kinds of nanostructures and nanomaterials (Cognitive- Analyze)
CO3: Awareness of several kinds of synthesis and characterization techniques for nanostructures and
nanomaterials (Cognitive- understanding)
CO4: Knowledge of applications of nanotechnology in various diverse domains.(Skills- Applying)
Course Code :
Credits : 3 (L-T-P : 0-0-6)
SYLLABUS :
UNIT I
Introduction to Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, ML design cycle, types of learning:
supervised, unsupervised and reinforced, introduction to feature extraction and classification, density
and discriminant functions, decision surfaces.
Review of probability theory: conditional probability, Bayes theorem, random variables, density and
mass functions, expectation and variance, joint distribution function of multiple random variables,
multivariate normal distribution.
UNIT II
Bayesian decision theory, Bayes Classifier, Naïve Bayes classifier, Euclidian distance and Mahalanobis
distance-based classifiers, minimum-error-rate classification. Parameter estimation methods,
Maximum-Likelihood estimation, Gaussian mixture models, Expectation maximization method,
Bayesian estimation,
Hidden Markov models for sequential pattern classification: discrete hidden Markov models,
continuous density hidden Markov models.
UNIT III
K-nearest neighbour classification: Simple and distance weighed voting approach. Support vector
machines: linear SVM, soft-margin approach for non-separable data, kernel trick to learn non-linear
SVM, radial basis function, polynomial, and sigmoidal kernel. Decision tree classifier: set of questions,
splitting criterion, stop-splitting rule, and class assignment rule in decision tree. Introduction to neural
networks: perceptron as linear classifier and multi-layer perceptron. Regression Analysis.
UNIT IV
Feature extraction methods: statistical features, Fourier and wavelet transforms for feature extraction,
Data transformation and dimension reduction: Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis, Bayesian LDA,
step-wise LDA, principal component analysis, kernel-PCA. Optimization in feature selection. Feature
visualization.
Ensemble of classifiers. Evaluation the performance of a classifier: holdout, random sampling, and cross
validation methods, sensitivity, specificity, confusion matrix and ROC curve. Multi-class classification.
Statistical analysis for comparison of significance of multiple classifiers over multiple dataset: Template
matching and context dependent classification. The curse of dimensionality.
UNIT V
Unsupervised learning and clustering. Criterion functions for clustering, Prototype-based, Graph-based,
Density-based clusters. Algorithms for clustering: K means, DBSCAN, Hierarchical clustering, Cluster
validation.
2: S. Theodoridis and K. Koutroumbas, Pattern Recognition, 4th Ed., Academic Press, 2009
Programming Books
1: S. Theodoridis et. al., ‘Introduction to Pattern Recognition, A MATLAB Approach’. Academic Press,
2010
SYLLABUS :
i) Introduction to IoT;
IoT sensors, devices, networks & protocols; Cyber physical Systems
ii) IoT programming & big data
Machine-to-Machine Communications; Interoperability in IoT, Introduction to
Arduino Programming; Integration of Sensors and Actuators with Arduino; Introduction to
Python programming, Introduction to Raspberry Pi, Implementation of IoT with Raspberry
Pi; Data Handling and Analytics, Cloud Computing;
iii) Cybersecurity & privacy in IoT (optional)
iv) Low energy, secure hardware for IoT/sensors
v) Global applications (selected only)
Smart Cities and Smart Homes; Connected Vehicles, Smart transportation; Smart
Grid, Industrial IoT; Case Study: Agriculture, healthcare including Smart monitoring of
critical diseases & point of care; Activity Monitoring, supply chain & semiconductor
manufacturing;
vi) Industrial IoT (IIoT): (selected only)
Enabling Factors; CPS, Energy Market; Example Deployment: Building Automation;
Automotive and Transportation; Industrial (Manufacturing); building automation, agriculture,
Oil & Gas; RTOS; Network Functions Virtualization; Long-range Wireless Protocols; LoRa
WAN; Satellite Communications; ANT+, WiFi, ZigBee, WHART, EnOcean, Z-Wave, NFC;
SECURITY: Encryption algorithms- Diffie-Hellman, Encryption Algorithms; Threat Vectors,
Attacks: Man-in-the-middle, Replay, Protection Methods, Side-Channel Attacks, Chain of
Trust; Hash and MAC Functions; Secure Firmware Updates, Random Number Generation;
Predictive and Preventive Maintenance, IIOT deployment and Industrial Internet
Course Outcomes:
1. Able to grasp the concept of IoT and embedded systems, cyber physical systems
2. Exposing for the end-to-end design of Internet-of-Things applications from sensors to
cloud, as well as hardware design/security aspects
3. Building in confidence and capability regarding electronics, sensors, and software
through hands-on labs.
4. Providing exposure to practical problems and their solutions, through case studies
Books:
1. "The Internet of Things: Enabling Technologies, Platforms, and Use Cases", by
Pethuru Raj and Anupama C. Raman (CRC Press)
2. "Internet of Things: A Hands-on Approach", by Arshdeep Bahga and Vijay Madisetti
(Universities Press)
SYLLABUS :
UNIT 1. Introduction to Design Verification, OVM and UVM methodology, case studies using
Verilog and System Verilog, Static verification,
UNIT 2. Formal Verification of digital hardware systems- BDD based approaches, functional
equivalence, finite state automata, FSM verification, Model checking, Various industry & academia
CAD tools for formal verification.
UNIT 3. Verification, validation & testing - Debugging techniques for embedded software, instruction
set simulators, clear box technique, black box testing, evaluating function test
Course Outcomes:
CO2: To study Assertion Based Verification and also be aware of functional coverage. (Cognitive-
Analyze/Evaluate)
CO3: To apply language constructs of Bluespec for high level design/synthesis. (Skills- Apply)
CO5: Ability to develop the test bench for DUT with verification methodology for scheduling,
resource sharing and binding.(Skills- Creativity)
Additonal/optional Outcomes:
7) To perform equivalence check for combinational as well as sequential digital circuits (Thinking)
8) To develop Kripe structure based Model for sequential circuits and write PROPERTIES for Model
Checking (Thinking)
9) To be able to use Model checking CAD tool- SMV or Cadence/Synopsys tool (SMV or Formality)
Textbooks:
1. Discrete Structures, Logic and Computability- James L. Hein, Jones & Barlett India.
2. Logic- Schaum Series
3. [Chapter 2, Micheli, Synthesis of Digital Systems, McGrawHill]
4. Articles by Bryant, Eap, Akers on BDDs.
5. Advanced Formal Verification, R. Drechsler, Kluwer.
6. Algorithms & Data structures in VLSI Design, C. Meinel and T. Theobald, Springer.
References:
1. SystemVerilog IEEE standard;
2. BlueSpec user guide/standard;
3. Embedded systems Design- Artist Roadmap for Research & Development, LNCS-3436,
Springer.
4. J. W. Valvano, Embedded microcomputer systems- Real Time Interfacing, , Thomson press
(Cengage India)
5. Computers as components- Principles of embedded computing system design. Wolf, W.,
Academic Press (Indian edition available from Harcourt India Pvt. Ltd., 27M Block market,
Greater Kailash II, New Delhi-110 048.)
6. Verification, validation & testing in software engineering, A. Dasso and A. Funes, Idea Group
Inc.
7. Hardware-Software codesign for data flow dominated embedded systems, R. Niemann,
Springer.
8. Readings in Hardware/Software codesign, Micheli, Ernst, Wolf, Morgan Kaufmann.
9. Advanced Formal Verification, R. Drechsler, Kluwer.
10. Readings in Hardware/Software codesign, Micheli, Ernst, Wolf, Morgan Kaufmann.
SYLLABUS :
Unit 1: Introduction and Overview: Overview of image processing systems, image formation and
perception, continuous and digital image representation, image contrast enhancement, histogram
equalization, affine transformations, model of image degradation/restoration process, Image Filtering
Unit 2: Feature Detection and Matching: Interest point detection, Edge, Blob, Corner detection; SIFT,
SURF, HoG descriptors, Local Image Features and Feature Matching, RANSAC, Bag-of-words
Unit 3: Machine Learning and Deep Learning Quick course: Supervised & Unsupervised Machine
Learning, Clustering , Classification, Review of Neural Networks, Convolutional Neural Network,
CNN Architectures: AlexNet, VGG, InceptionNets, ResNets, DenseNets, Transfer Learning,
Recurrent Neural Network, Long Short Term Memory(LSTM) , Visualization with CAM, Grad-CAM
Unit 4: CNNs for Computer Vision Tasks: Image Classification: CIFAR, MNIST, ImageNet Datasets,
Object Detection: R-CNN, Fast R-CNN, Faster R-CNN, YOLO, SSD; Segmentation: FCN, U-Net,
Mask-RCNN
Course Outcomes:
CO1: Describe different image representation, their mathematical representation and different their
data structures used. (Cognitive- Remembering, Understanding)
CO2: Implement feature extraction techniques for developing computer vision applications (Skills -
Apply, create)
CO3: Recognize the object using the concepts of machine vision (Cognitive + Skill- Analyze)
CO4: Grasp the principles of state-of-the-art deep neural networks (Skills- Apply, Evaluate)
CO5: Develop the practical skills necessary to build computer vision applications (Skills- Apply,
Evaluate)
References:
SYLLABUS :
Unit-4: Design automation of such systems including methodologies, techniques and tools for their
design as well as novel designs of software components
Course Outcomes:
CO1. Is able to grasp core concepts, basic tenets of micro-architecture vis a vis embedded operating
CO3. Is able to learn & apply scheduling, deadlock avoidance algorithms and its applications into
process scheduling, deadlock avoidance related problem solving etc. (Skills- evaluate) PO2, PO4,
PO5, PO11
CO4. Is able in long perspective, to appreciate the significance of virtual memory, file management,
security & privacy in OS (Skills- Analyze) PO1, PO4, PO12
CO5. Is able to write programmes for RTOS- scheduling, concurrency, deadlock prevention, etc.; and
the significance that it can be used for analysis, problem solving as well as design of OS kernels
(Skills- Evaluate) PO5
CO6. Is able to use Embedded OS CAD tools & development environment- VxWorks Windriver,
RTLinux, Micrivision (ARM) (Skills- Create) PO2, PO13
Textbooks:
1. Unix Shell Programming, Kernighan & Pike, PHI
2. Lex & Yacc
3. Linux for Embedded and Real-time Applications, Doug Abbott, Newnes, Elsevier, 2003.
4. An Embedded Software Primer, David E. Simon, Addison Wesley, 1999.
5. Embedded Linux, Pearson.
6. Operating systems principles, Silberchatz, Galvin, Wiley
7. Short, K, Embedded Microprocessor System Design, Prentice Hall, 1998.
8. Embedded Linux, Pearson
9. Edward A. Lee, "Embedded Software", Advances in Computers (M. Zelkowitz, editor)
56, Academic Press, London, 2002.
10. Testing Embedded Software, by Bart Broekman and Edwin Notenboom,
Pearson/Addison-Wesley (UK), ISBN: 0-321-15986-1
References:
11. Design Patterns for Embedded Systems in C: An Embedded Software Engineering, Bruce
Powel Douglass, Newnes, Elsevier.
12. Software Engineering for Embedded Systems: Methods, Practical Techniques, Robert
Oshana, Mark Kraeling, Newnes, Elsevier.
13. Embedded Software, Newnes know it all series, Jean J. Labrosse, ISSN 1879-8683,
Elsevier.
14. Programming Embedded Systems in C and C++, O'Reilly Series, Michael Barr.
15. Real-Time Concepts for Embedded Systems, CMP books, R and D Developer Series,
Qing Li, Caroline Yao, CRC press.
16. Testing Embedded Software, Broekman Bart, Pearson Education India, ISBN
813172509X, 9788131725092.
17. Performance Analysis of Real-Time Embedded Software, Yau-Tsun Steven Li, Sharad
Malik, Kluwer.
18. Embedded Software for SoC, Ahmed Amine Jerraya, Springer.
Course contents:
Unit-2: Interfacing methods-protocols, synchronization, parallel I/O, serial I/O, Memory interfacing,
Digital/Analog interfacing, high speed I/O interfacing, data acquisition systems, CAN, I2C, USB,
ESSI (Enhanced Synchronous Serial Interface) protocols; General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO)
Unit-3: Interrupt Synchronization & Timing generation- Features of interrupts, interrupt vectors &
priority, polling, priority algorithms; frequency measurement, frequency and period conversion.
Unit-4: Miscellaneous- Serial and parallel port interfaces; State machine & concurrent process
models.
Unit-5: System examples- camera etc; Debugging: JTAG, ISP, BDM Port, BITP, and DB9 ports.
Course outcomes:
CO1. To Understand the 16,32,64-bit processors ISA (CISC and RISC)
CO2. To understand the language and use of micro controller (ARM/Atmega 328 )
CO3. To understand different I/O interface protocols and write programs for ARM
interfaces
CO4. To understand memory and different transducers and interfacing
CO5. To write assembly programmes interfacing and design issues of embedded
system(analytically and design issues)
Textbooks:
1. Jonathan W. Valvano, Embedded Microcomputer Systems: Real-Time Interfacing,
Brookes/Cole, Pacific Grove, 2000.
2. Douglas V. Hall , Microprocessors and interfacing, McGraw Hills,
3. K.Ayala, The 8051 Microcontroller, Thompsons, Mazidi,Naimi, Naimi , avr
microcontroller and embedded system, pearsons.
4. David A. Patterson and John L. Hennessy, Computer Organization and design ARM
ed.,Morgan Kaufmann,
5. F. Vahid & T. Givargis, Embedded System Design, Wiley.
6. Wolf, W., Computers as Components: Principles of Embedded Computing System
Design, Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, 2001.
7. Furber, S., ARM: system-on-chip architecture, 2nd Edition, Addison-Wesley,
London, 2000.
8. Hayes, J. P., Computer Architecture and Organization, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill
9. Manuals- Intel 32/64 Architectures , ARM manual - 32/64-bit architecture, Intel 8051
and ATmega328P datasheet
Course contents:
Unit-2: Embedded computing platform- CPU bus, memory devices, I/O devices, interfacing,
designing with microprocessors, debugging techniques.
Unit-3: Program design and analysis- models of program, assembly and linking, compilation
techniques, analysis and optimization of execution time, energy, power and size.
Unit-4: Processes and operating systems- multiple tasks and multiple processes, context
switching, scheduling policies, inter-process communication mechanisms.
Unit-6: Networks- distributed embedded architectures, networks for embedded systems, network-
based design, Internet-enabled systems.
Unit-7: System design techniques- design methodologies, requirements analysis, system analysis and
architecture design, quality assurance.
Course Outcomes:
CO4: To learn program and system design and analysis methodologies (Skills- analyze and design)
Textbooks:
Course Code :
Credits : 3 (L-T-P : 0-0-6)
List of Experiments/ activities
Design, verification, prototyping and implementation of hardware.
Circuits and systems based on software, hardware, algorithms, concepts in emerging areas such as
design of digital logic (combinational and sequencial circuit) on FPGA Boards, design of test bench
using System C, System verilog for functional verification, modeling of sensors, microcontroller .
SYLLABUS :
Mathematical Foundational concepts for Communication Engineering: Basics of Linear Algebra,
Probability and Random Variables, Stochastic Processes, Spectral Representation, Mean Square
Estimation, Entropy, Markov Chains, Processes and Queuing Theory, Mathematical modelling of digital
modulations, channels and detection, Channel estimation and equalization, MIMO-OFDM design
concepts,Research initiatives in 4G, 5G Mobile Systems
Mathematical Foundations for Photonics/Electromagnetics: Vector Analysis, Vector Calculus, Theory
of complex variables, Series Solution of Differential Equations, Sturm Liouville Theory, Bessel
Functions, Legendre Functions, Fourier Series and Fourier Transforms, Solving surface integral
equations by method of moments, Introduction to finite element methods, Finite element method in 2D,
Finite difference time domain method – introduction, Finite difference time domain method - materials
and boundary conditions, Finite difference time domain method Design concepts in Microstrip Antennas
and Arrays, Beam forming Techniques, SIW
Partial Differential Equations: Laplace and Poisson’s Equations, Wave Equations. Analytical and
Numerical Solutions of the PDEs. Green’s Function, Optimization techniques.
Simulation Tools: Various open source/commercial software for solving problems in the area of
Antennas, Communication, Photonics and Microwave Engineering
Recommended Readings
1. Text books-
a. Probability, random variables and stochastic processes. - Papoulis, Athanasios, and H.
Saunders.
b. The theory of information and coding - Robert J. McEliece, Cambridge University Press.
c. Advanced engineering electromagnetics - Constantine A. Balanis, John Wiley & Sons.
d. Computational Methods for Electromagnetics - Peterson, Ray, Mitra, IEEE Press
e. Microstrip Antennas: The Analysis and Design of Microstrip Antennas and Arrays - David M.
Pozar, Daniel H. Schauber, Wiley-IEEE Press.
2. Reference books-
a. Microstrip Antennas - I. J. Bahl and P. Bhartiya, Artech House.
b. Mathematical methods for physics and engineering: A Comprehensive Guide - K. F. Riley, M.
P. Hobson and S. J. Bence, Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Course Code :
SYLLABUS :
Review: Signals and Systems with focus on Random Signals, Sampling Theorem, Signal Space and
Constellation Diagrams and Orthogonal Signal Sets. Baseband modulation and Demodulation:
Detection of binary signals in Gaussian Noise, ISI, Equalization, Carrier and symbol synchronization,
and Signal Design for bandlimited channels.
Bandpass modulation and Demodulation: Modulation Techniques, Coherent and Non Coherent
Detection, Error performance for binary system, and Symbol error performance for M-ary systems.
Communication link analysis: Link budget analysis, Simple link analysis, system trade-offs, and
Modulation coding trade-offs.
References :
1. Text books-
2. Online resources-
a. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/102/108102120/
Course Code :
SYLLABUS :
Recommended Readings
c. Antenna Theory and Design - W. L.Stutzman, and G. A. Thiele, John Wiley &
Sons., 1998.
g. Micro strip Antenna Design Handbook - Ramesh Garg, Prakash Bhartia, Inder
Bahl, Artech House.
2. Reference book-
b. Compact and Broadband Micro strip Antenna - Kin-Lu Wong, John Wiley &
Sons.
d. Handbook of Microstrip Antennas - J.R. James and P.S. Hall, Peter Peregrinus
Ltd.
3. Online resources-
a. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/101/108101092/
b. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/105/108105114/
c. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117/107/117107035/
Course Code :
SYLLABUS :
Operation of Cellular Systems, Frequency reuse concept, Co-channel Interference, Techniques for
reducing co-channel interference, Adjacent channel interference, Near end and Far end interference,
Crosstalk, interference between systems.
Channel Assignment Techniques, Hand-off Techniques, Concept of smaller Cells, Trunking and
Teletraffic Theory
Cognitive Radio and Software Defined Radio Concepts. Evolution of Mobile Communication
Systems, Details of 3G-UMTS, 4G-LTE and 5G Mobile Communication systems.
Mobility Management in Wireless Networks, Mobile IP, Mobile Ad hoc Networks, Ad hoc Routing
Protocols, Performance Analysis of DSR and CBRP, Cluster Techniques, Incremental Cluster
Maintenance Scheme,
Recommended Readings
1. Text book-
2. Reference book-
Course Code :
SYLLABUS :
Review of Electromagnetic Theory, Transmission Lines and Waveguides, Impedance Matching and
Tuning; Analysis of microwave networks and components based on different parameters of two
port network; Microwave linear beam and crossed field tubes; Introduction to different microwave
solid state devices; Introduction to striplines; Microwave filters, amplifiers and oscillators
Recommended Readings
1. Text books-
c. Microwave Solid State Circuit Design- Inder Bahl, John Wiley & Sons.
d. Microwave circuits & passive devices- Sisodia and Raghuvanshi, New Age
International.
2. Reference books-
3. Online resources
a. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/103/108103141/
b. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/105/108105181/
c. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/101/108101112/
d. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117/105/117105138/
e. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117/105/117105130/
f. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117/101/117101119/
g. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117/105/117105122/
Course Code :
SYLLABUS :
Review of optical fiber waveguiding concepts, Advanced fiber design: Dispersion issues, Dispersion
shifted, Dispersion flattened, Dispersion compensating fiber, Design optimization of single mode
fibres. Nonlinear effects in fiber optic links. Concept of self-phase modulation, group velocity
dispersion and soliton based communication.
Transmitter design, Receiver - PIN and APD based designs, noise sensitivity and degradation.
Receiver amplifier design. Transceivers for fiber optic communication pre amplifier type- optical
receiver performance calculation – noise effect on system performance receiver modules.
Coherent, homodyne and heterodyne keying formats, BER in synchronous- and asynchronous-
receivers, sensitivity degradation, system performance, Multichannel, WDM, multiple access
networks, WDM Components, TDM, Subcarrier and Code division multiplexing. Semiconductor laser
amplifiers, Raman - and Brillouin - fiber amplifiers, Erbium doped fiber amplifiers, pumping
phenomenon, LAN and cascaded in-line amplifiers. Limitations, Post- and Pre-compensation
techniques, Equalizing filters, fiber based gratings, Broad band compression.
Next Generation Optical Communications: Multi-core MMF based SDM transmission, Optical
wireless communications.
Optical networks- Basic networks-SONET/ SDH-wavelength routed networks - Nonlinear effects on
network performance, performance of various systems (WDM, DWDM + SOA).
Recommended Readings
1. Text book-
a. Fiber-Optic Communication Systems - Govind P. Agrawal,Wiley.
b. Optical communication systems - Franz and Jain, Narosa Publications, New Delhi
2. Online resources-
a. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117101002/
Course Code :
SYLLABUS :
Error Control coding for wireless fading channels, Channel Estimation and Adaptive channel coding,
Joint Source and Channel coding. Non binary Linear Block Codes, Hard and soft decision decoding,
Coding and Decoding of BCH, Reed Solomon Codes, Convolution codes: Coding and Decoding,
Distance bounds, Performance bounds Turbo codes: Coding, Decoding Algorithms, Performance
comparison,Interleaver design Trellis coded Modulation, TCM Decoders, TCM for AWGN and
Fading Wireless Channels, Performance comparison.
LDPC Codes, Polar Codes, Error control codes for: Audio/video transmission, mobile
communications, space and satellite communication, data transmission, data storage and file
transfer.
Text book-
Online resources-
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117/108/117108044/
Course Code :
SYLLABUS :
Review of Electromagnetic Theory, Classification of EM Problems.Analytical Methods-Separation of
Variables. Finite Difference Methods. Variation Methods. Method of Moments. Finite element
Method.
Text Books :
Online : https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/106/108106152/