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WT Lab Manual

The program designs a time table for a class using HTML table tags. The timetable is divided into days of the week as rows and time slots as columns. Subjects are assigned to the slots with color coding.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

21 views93 pages

WT Lab Manual

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BALA BALA

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1902CS651 - WEB TECHNOLOGY LAB

B.E. Computer Science and Engineering

Third Year – Sixth Semester
Regulations – 2019

LAB MANUAL

Prepared by,
Mrs.B.Ranjani., M.E
Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
EGSPEC, Nagapattinam
1902CS651 WEB TECHNOLOGY LAB L T P C
0 0 2 1

Course Objectives:
1. Learn to develop web pages using HTML and CSS
2. Be familiar with advanced programming such as PHP/Perl
3. Know to use AJAX in implementing Rails
List of Experiments:
1. Basic Programs using HTML
2. Programs using cascading style sheets
3. Programs to create dynamic web pages
4. Programs using HTML & XML as data store
5. Programs using Perl
6. Programs to demonstrate PHP & MySQL database connectivity
7. Programs using Perl
8. Programs using AJAX
9. Programs using Rails
10. Case Study : Create a web application for the given problem statement
Total: 45 Hours
Additional Experiments:
1. Programs for Rails with AJAX
2. Programs to implement JSON
Course Outcomes:
After completion of the course, Student will be able to
1. Develop web pages using basic HTML
2. Apply XML techniques in web design
3. Implement CGI using Perl
4. Implement PHP & MySQL database connectivity for real world applications
5. Use AJAX with Rails.
References:
1. Deitel & Deitel, Nieto, Lin, Sadhu, XML How to Program, Pearson Education ,New Delhi,
2011
2. Kogent Learning Solutions Inc, Web Technologies Black Book, Dreamtech Press, New Delhi,
2009
3. Chris Bates, Web Programming Building Internet Applications 3rd ed., Wiley India Edition,
New Delhi, 2009
4. Phil Ballard, Michael Moncur, Sams Teach Yourself Ajax, JavaScript and PHP, Pearson
Education ,New Delhi, 2009.
5. Achyut S Godbole , Atul Kahate, Web Technologies TCP/IP Architecture and Java
Programming, 2nd ed., Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited, New Delhi, 2010
6. Pankaj Sharma, Introduction to Web Technology, Katson Books, New Delhi, 2008
7. Bankim Patel, Lal Bihari Barik, Introduction to Web Technology & Internet, Acme Learning
Private Limited, New Delhi, 2009
Ex.No : 1a HTML Program To Create a Static Web Page which defines all Text
Formatting Tags of HTML in Tabular Format
Date :

Aim: To write a html program to create a static web page which defines all text formatting tags of
html in tabular format.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer or Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox.

Algorithm:
1. Tables are defined within the <table> tag.
2. HTML uses a number of elements to format the text. Different text formatting tags of html
are tabled in each rows. Ex: tag <b> for Bold text.
3. A table is divided into rows using <tr> tag.
4. Each row is divided into cells using <td> tag.
5. Table caption is given using <caption> tag.

Program:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<center>
<marquee><h1><font color="darkViolet">Web Technology</font></h1></marquee>
<table border=1>
<caption align="top"><font size="+2" color="red">Text Formatting Tags</font> </caption><br>
<br>
<tr>
<th>HTML Tag</th>
<th>Output</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>normal text</td>
<td>hello world</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Font & its attributes</td>
<td><FONT SIZE="+2" COLOR="#RRGGBB"> hello world </FONT></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><B></td>
<td><B> Bold </B></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><I></td>
<td><I> Italic </I></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><U></td>
<td><U> Underline </U></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><EM></td>
<td><EM> Emphasis </EM></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><STRONG></td>
<td><STRONG> STRONG </STRONG></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><TELETYPE></td>
<td><TT> TELETYPE </TT></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><CITE></td>
<td><CITE> Citation </CITE></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><STRIKE></td>
<td><STRIKE> strike-through text </STRIKE></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><BIG></td>
<td><BIG> text in a big font </BIG></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><SMALL></td>
<td><SMALL> text in a small font <SMALL></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><SUB></td>
<td>a<SUB> b </SUB></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><SUP></td>
<td>a<SUP> b</SUP></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

Output:

Result:
Thus the program to create a static web page which defines all text formatting tags of html
in tabular format is designed successfully using html tables.
Ex.No: 1b HTML Program to create a web page using List Tags
Date :

Aim: To write a html program to create a web page using list tags.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox.

Algorithm:
1. List is defined with the <li> tag.
2. List are of 3 types: Ordered, Unordered and definition lists.
3. Unordered list are defined with <ul> tag which is used to represent set of items that are
related to one another but the order of item is unimportant.
4. Ordered List are defined with <ol> tag.
5. Definition list are primarily used for glossaries i.e. terms with their definitions. The
definition list are always enclosed in <dl> and </dl> tag.
6. The definition term and definition description are represented by <dt> and<dd> tags
respectively.

Program:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><body>
<h1><b> <font color="Maroon">HTML List: Ordered, Unordered & Definition
List</font></b></h1>
<hr> <marquee><h3><b>Students Mark List</b><h3></marquee>
<b><u>Marks of Particular Student in each Subject</u></b>
<OL type="1">
<li>Aarthi</li>
<UL style="list-style-type:circle;">
<li>I Semester</li>
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li>Engineering Mathematics I : 80</li>
<li>C Programming : 90</li>
<li>Engineering Graphics : 89</li> </OL>
<li>II Semester</li>
<ol type="a">
<li>Engineering Mathematics:82</li>
<li>Data Structures:70</li>
<li>Computer Architecture:85</li>
</OL></ul>
<li>Bala</li>
<UL style="list-style-type:circle;">
<li>I Semester</li>
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li>Engineering Mathematics I : 70</li>
<li>C Programming : 95</li>
<li>Engineering Graphics : 92</li>
</OL>
<li>II Semester</li>
<ol type="a">
<li>Engineering Mathematics:80</li>
<li>Data Structures:79</li>
<li>Computer Architecture:85</li>
</OL></ul></ol><hr>
<DL> <ol type='I'>
<li><DT>Aarthi</DT></li>
<DD>Aarthi is a good and obedient student in the class.</DD>
<li><DT>Bala</DT></li>
<DD>Bala is a good student and representative of the class.</DD>
</DL></ol>
</body>
</html>

Output:

Result:
Thus the program to create a web page using list tags is created successfully.
Ex.No: 1c HTML Program to design a Time Table Using Table Tags
Date :

Aim: To write a html program to design a class timetable using tables.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox.

Algorithm:
1. Tables are defined with the <table> tag.
2. A table is divided into rows (with the <tr> tag).
3. Each row is divided into data cells (with the <td> tag).
4. td stands for "table data," and holds the content of a data cell.
5. A <td> tag can contain text, links, images, lists, forms, other tables, etc.

Program:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Time Table</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="lightgrey">
<H1><FONT COLOR="brown"><CENTER>CLASS TIME TABLE</FONT></H1>
<table border="2" cellspacing="1" align="center">
<tr>
<td align="center"><b>Days|Time
<td><b>8:30-9:30
<td><b>9:30-10:30
<td><b>10:30-11:30
<td><b>11:30-12:30
<td><b>12:30-2:00
<td><b>2:00-3:00
<td><b>3:00-4:00
<td><b>4:00-5:00
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>MONDAY
<td align="center">---<td align="center"><font color="blue">English<br>
<td align="center"><font color="green">Tamil<br>
<td align="center"><font color="red">Maths<br>
<td rowspan="6"align="center"><b>L<br>U<br>N<br>C<br>H
<td align="center"><font color="darkpink">Social<br>
<td align="center"><font color="violet">Science<br>
<td align="center">counselling class
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>TUESDAY
<td align="center"><font color="blue">English<br>
<td align="center"><font color="green">Tamil<br>
<td align="center"><font color="red">Maths<br>
<td align="center"><font color="blue">English<br>
<td align="center"><font color="violet">Science<BR>
<td align="center"><font color="darkpink">Social<br>
<td align="center">library
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>WEDNESDAY
<td align="center"><font color="violet">Science<br>
<td align="center"><font color="red">Maths<br>
<td align="center"><font color="green">Tamil<BR>
<td align="center"><font color="darkpink">Social<BR>
<td colspan="3" align="center"><font color="darkblue"> ----- lab -----
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>THURSDAY
<td align="center"><font color="green">Tamil<br>
<td colspan="3" align="center"><font color="darkblue"> ----- lab -----
<td align="center"><font color="red">Maths<BR>
<td align="center"><font color="darkpink">Social<br>
<td align="center">library
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>FRIDAY
<td align="center">---
<td align="center"><font color="green">Tamil<br>
<td align="center"><font color="red">Maths<br>
<td align="center"><font color="blue">English<BR>
<td align="center"><font color="violet">Science<br>
<td align="center"><font color="darkpink">Social<br>
<td align="center">library
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>SATURDAY
<td align="center"><font color="violet">Science<br>
<td colspan="3" align="center"><font color="Maroon">---- seminar ----
<td align="center"><font color="darkpink">Social<br>
<td align="center"><font color="blue">English<br>
<td align="center">library
</tr>
</body>
</html>

Output:

Result:
Thus the class timetable is designed successfully using html tables.
Ex.No: 1d HTML Program to create a Resume
Date :

Aim: To write a html program to create a resume.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox.

Algorithm:
1. Alignment for the text are given using <align=”right”>.
2. Image is inserted for resume using <img> tag providing source, width and height as
attribute values.
3. Table is created for mark details using <table> tag.
4. List are used for resume by <li> tags.

Program:

<html>
<head>
<title>Resume</title>
</head>
<body>
<font face="Times New Roman" size="5">
<h1 align="center"><b>RESUME</b></h1><br>
<img src="pic.jpg" width="130" height="160" align="right">
J.PRIYADHARSHINI, <br>
25A1 SIVAN EAST STREET,<br>
NAGAPATTINAM-611001.<br>
<b>Email ID</b> : [email protected]<br>
<b>Phone No</b> : 9786450258<br><br>
<hr>
<dl>
<dt>
<b><u>CAREER OBJECTIVE</u></b>
</dt>
<dd>
To succeed by growing & Excelling in a competative work environment which provide
satisfaction to achieve career and organizational goals.
</dd>
</dl>
<b><u>EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION</u></b><br>
<br>
<table border="2px"cellpadding="15px">
<tr>
<th><b>Course</b></th>
<th><b>University/ Board</b></th>
<th><b>Institution</b></th>
<th><b>CGPA/Percentage</b></th>
<th><b>year of passing</b></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>BE-CSE</td>
<td>Anna University</td>
<td>E.G.S.Pillay Engineering College(Autonomous)</td>
<td>8.91*</td>
<td>2021</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> HSC</td>
<td>State board</td>
<td>N.D.H.S.School Nagapattinam</td>
<td>83.24</td>
<td>2017</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SSLC</td>
<td>State board</td>
<td>N.D.H.S.School Nagapattinam</td>
<td>92.4</td>
<td>2015</td>
</tr>
</table>
<dl>
<dt>
<b><u>TECHNICAL SKILL</u></b>
</dt>
<dd>
Languages : C, C++, Java, HTML<br>
Tools         : MS Office, Tally
</dd>
</dl>
<b><u>AREA OF INTEREST</u></b><br>
<ul>
<li>Developer</li>
<li>Computer network</li>
<li>Design</li>
</ul>
<b><u>CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES</u></b><br>
<ul>
<li>Have attended at one day Workshop
on topic of block chain at E.G.S.pillay engineering collage (Autonomous)</li>
<li> have participated in the
Paper presentation at E.G.S.pillay engineering collage (Autonomous)</li>
</ul>
<b><u>EXTRA-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES</u></b><br>
<ul>
<li>Have got first prize in essay competition
at E.G.S.pillay engineering collage (Autonomous)</li>
<li>Have got second prize in drawing competition
at school level</li>
</ul>
<b><u>PERSONAL TRAITS</u></b>
<ul>
<li>Honest person</li>
<li>punctual in work</li>
<li>Adaptability</li>
<li>Self motivated person</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dt>
<b><u>PERSONAL DETAILS</u></b>
</dt>
<dd>
Data of Birth         : 27.9.1999<br>
Gender           
      : Female<br>
Language Known : Tamil, English
</dd>
<dt> <br>
<b><u>DECLARATION</u></b>
</dt>
<dd>
I here by declare that the information given above is
true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.<br>
</dd>
</dl><br>
<b> Date: </b><br>
<b> Place: </b>
<h3 align="right"><b>J.PRIYADHARSHINI</b></h4><br>
</font>
</body>
</html>

Output:

Result:
Thus a resume is created successfully using html.

Ex.No: 2 HTML Program to design a Simple Calculator using internal CSS

Date :

Aim: To write a html program to design a simple calculator with the help of internal CSS.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox.

Algorithm:
1. Elements for the calculator have been styled by CSS within html coding using <style> tag so
that calculator looks more attractive.
2. The calculator is designed here to perform 4 basic mathematical operations: Addition,
Subraction, Multiplication and Division.
3. Buttons are created for inputting values and a screen for displaying these values.
4. The first thing that goes into our HTML body is the form element <form></form>.
5. A calculator is a table enclosed in a container. Hence table is created using <table> tag.
6. Inside <table> tag we define the table rows <tr> which is basically going to be the horizontal
section of the calculator and the table data <td> (table column cell) which is to contain the
calculator display and buttons.
7. Button is created using <input> element. To make the input element a button,
the type attribute should be set to button.

Program:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html> <title>SIMPLE CALCULATOR</title>
<style>
input
{
background-color:green; width:100%; border:0; color:white;
}
</style>
<div align="center">
<h2>Calculator</h2>
<body>
<form name="calculate">
<table> <tr> <td colspan="4"> <input type="text" name="get"></td></tr>
<tr>
<td> <input type="button" value="1" onclick="calculate.get.value +='1'"></td>
<td> <input type="button" value="2" onclick="calculate.get.value +='2'"></td>
<td> <input type="button" value="3" onclick="calculate.get.value +='3'"></td>
<td> <input type="button" value="+" onclick="calculate.get.value +='+'"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <input type="button" value="4" onclick="calculate.get.value +='4'"></td>
<td> <input type="button" value="5" onclick="calculate.get.value +='5'"></td>
<td> <input type="button" value="6" onclick="calculate.get.value +='6'"></td>
<td> <input type="button" value="-" onclick="calculate.get.value +='-'"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <input type="button" value="7" onclick="calculate.get.value +='7'"></td>
<td> <input type="button" value="8" onclick="calculate.get.value +='8'"></td>
<td> <input type="button" value="9" onclick="calculate.get.value +='9'"></td>
<td> <input type="button" value="*" onclick="calculate.get.value +='*'"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <input type="reset" value="c" ></td>
<td> <input type="button" value="0" onclick="calculate.get.value +='0'"></td>
<td> <input type="button" value="=" onclick="calculate.get.value =eval(calculate.get.value)"></td>
<td> <input type="button" value="/" onclick="calculate.get.value +='/'"></td>
</tr>
</table> </form> </div> </body> </html>

Output:

Result:
Thus the simple calculator program is designed successfully using html with internal CSS.

Ex.No: 3 Program to design a Student Registration Form using external CSS

Date :

Aim: To write a html program to design a Student Registration Form with the help of external CSS.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox.

Algorithm:
1. Elements for the form have been styled by CSS in a separate file saving file name with .css
extension.
2. The CSS file is attached to the html file using <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
href="style2.css">
3. Form text area, text, radiobutton, checkbox etc.. are created for inputting values and
a screen for displaying these values using <input> element
4. Here the student registration form is created using table. Hence table is created using
<table> tag.
5. Inside <table> tag we define the table rows <tr> which is basically going to be the horizontal
section of the form and the table data <td> (table column cell) which is to contain the form
display and buttons.

Program:

<html>
<head>
<title>Student Registration Form Using Table in HTML</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style2.css">
</head>
<body>
<h2>Student Registration Form Using Table in HTML</h3>
<table align="center" cellpadding = "10">

<tr>
<td>First Name</td>
<td><input type="text" name="FirstName" maxlength="50" placeholder="Ghanendra" />
(Max 50 Characters Allowed)
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Last Name</td>
<td><input type="text" name="LastName" maxlength="50" placeholder="Yadav"/>
(Max 50 Characters Allowed)
</td></tr>

<tr>
<td>Email ID</td>
<td><input type="email" name="EmailID" maxlength="100"
placeholder="[email protected]"/></td>
</tr>

<tr><td>Mobile Number</td>
<td>
<input type="text" name="MobileNumber" maxlength="10" placeholder="7842xxxxxx"/>
(10 Digits Allowed)
</td></tr>

<tr>
<td>Gender</td>
<td>
<input type="radio" name="Gender" value="Male" />
Male
<input type="radio" name="Gender" value="Female" />
Female
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Date of Birth(DOB)</td>
<td>
<select name="BirthDay" id="Birthday_Day">
<option value="-1">Day:</option>
<option value="1">1</option>
<option value="2">2</option>
<option value="3">3</option>
<option value="4">4</option>
<option value="5">5</option>
<option value="6">6</option>
<option value="7">7</option>
<option value="8">8</option>
<option value="9">9</option>
<option value="10">10</option>
<option value="11">11</option>
<option value="12">12</option>
<option value="13">13</option>
<option value="14">14</option>
<option value="15">15</option>
<option value="16">16</option>
<option value="17">17</option>
<option value="18">18</option>
<option value="19">19</option>
<option value="20">20</option>
<option value="21">21</option>
<option value="22">22</option>
<option value="23">23</option>
<option value="24">24</option>
<option value="25">25</option>
<option value="26">26</option>
<option value="27">27</option>
<option value="28">28</option>
<option value="29">29</option>
<option value="30">30</option>
<option value="31">31</option>
</select>
<select name="BirthdayMonth" id="Birthday_Month">
<option value="-1">Month:</option>
<option value="January">Jan(1)</option>
<option value="February">Feb(2)</option>
<option value="March">Mar(3)</option>
<option value="April">Apr(4)</option>
<option value="May">May(5)</option>
<option value="June">Jun(6)</option>
<option value="July">Jul(7)</option>
<option value="August">Aug(8)</option>
<option value="September">Sep(9)</option>
<option value="October">Oct(10)</option>
<option value="November">Nov(11)</option>
<option value="December">Dec(12)</option>
</select>
<select name="BirthdayYear" id="Birthday_Year">
<option value="-1">Year:</option>
<option value="2019">2019</option>
<option value="2018">2018</option>
<option value="2017">2017</option>
<option value="2016">2016</option>
<option value="2015">2015</option>
<option value="2014">2014</option>
<option value="2013">2013</option>
<option value="2012">2012</option>
<option value="2011">2011</option>
<option value="2010">2010</option>
<option value="2009">2009</option>
<option value="2008">2008</option>
<option value="2007">2007</option>
<option value="2006">2006</option>
<option value="2005">2005</option>
<option value="2004">2004</option>
<option value="2003">2003</option>
<option value="2002">2002</option>
<option value="2001">2001</option>
<option value="2000">2000</option>
</select>
</td></tr>

<tr>
<td>Address<br /><br /><br /></td>
<td><textarea name="Address" rows="10" cols="50"></textarea></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>City</td>
<td><input type="text" name="City" maxlength="50" placeholder="Bangalore"/>
(Max 50 Characters Allowed)
</td></tr>

<tr>
<td>Pin Code</td>
<td><input type="Number" name="PinCode" maxlength="6" placeholder="560068"/>
(Max 6 Numbers Allowed)
</td></tr>

<tr>
<td>State</td>
<td><input type="text" name="State" maxlength="50" placeholder="Karnataka"/>
(Max 50 Characters Allowed)
</td></tr>

<tr>
<td>Country</td>
<td><input type="text" name="Country" placeholder="India" /></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Hobbies <br /><br /><br /></td>
<td>
<input type="checkbox" name="HobbyDrawing" value="Drawing" />
Drawing
<input type="checkbox" name="HobbySinging" value="Singing" />
Singing
<input type="checkbox" name="HobbyDancing" value="Dancing" />
Dancing
<input type="checkbox" name="HobbyCooking" value="Cooking" />
Sketching
<br />
<input type="checkbox" name="HobbyOther" value="Other">
Others
<input type="text" name="Other_Hobby" maxlength="50" placeholder="Ex- Teaching" />
(Max 50 Characters Allowed)
</td></tr>

<tr>
<td>Qualification <br /><br /><br /></td>
<td>
<br/>
<input type="checkbox" name="HighSchool" value="High School" />
High School(10th)<br>
<input type="checkbox" name="HigherSchool" value="Higher School" />
Higher School(12th)<br/>
<input type="checkbox" name="Graduation" value="Graduation" />
Graduation(Bachelors)<br/>
<input type="checkbox" name="PostGraduation" value="Post Graduation" />
Post Graduation(Masters)<br/>
<input type="checkbox" name="Phd" value="Phd">
Phd
</td></tr>

<tr>
<td>Courses<br />Applied For</td>
<td>
<input type="radio" name="CourseBCA" value="BCA">
BCA(Bachelor of Computer Applications)<br>
<input type="radio" name="CourseBCom" value="B.Com">
B.Com(Bachelor of Commerce)<br>
<input type="radio" name="CourseBSc" value="B.Sc">
B.Sc(Bachelor of Science)<br>
<input type="radio" name="CourseBA" value="B.A">
BA(Bachelor of Arts)<br>
<input type="radio" name="CourseMCA" value="BCA">
MCA(Master of Computer Applications)<br>
<input type="radio" name="CourseMCom" value="B.Com">
M.Com(Master of Commerce)<br>
<input type="radio" name="CourseMSc" value="B.Sc">
M.Sc(Master of Science)<br>
<input type="radio" name="CourseMA" value="B.A">
MA(Master of Arts)<br>
</td></tr>

<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
<input type="reset" value="Reset">
</td></tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

h2{
font-family: Sans-serif;
font-size: 24px;
font-style: normal;
font-weight: bold;
color: blue;
text-align: center;
text-decoration: underline
}

table{
font-family: verdana;
color:white;
font-size: 16px;
font-style: normal;
font-weight: bold;
background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #33ccff 0%, #ff99cc 100%);
border-collapse: collapse;
border: 4px solid #000000;
border-style: dashed;
}
table.inner{
border: 10px
}

input[type=text], input[type=email], input[type=number]{

width: 50%;
padding: 6px 12px;
margin: 5px 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}

input[type=submit], input[type=reset]{
width: 15%;
padding: 8px 12px;
margin: 5px 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}

Output:

Result:
Thus the registration form is designed successfully using html with external CSS.

Ex.No: 4a XML Program to display the information about various sections in

Date : Tutorial and the topics styling with CSS.

Aim: To write an XML program to display the information about various sections in tutorial and
the topics styling with CSS.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox.

Algorithm:
1. xml file(.xml) and css(.css) file is created separately to store data and design.
2. In xml file the details of the tutorial and section with various topics is created using our own
tag.
3. In css file the design and styles for each section and topic are declared.
4. The css file is linked with the xml file by using href=”filename.css” and finally the xml data is
designed with cascading styles.

Program:
topic.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="topic.css"?>
<Tutorials>
<title>Hello Everyone! Welcome to CSETutorial</title>
<tutorial_section>
<name>Algo</name>
<topic1>Greedy Algo</topic1>
<topic2>Randomised Algo</topic2>
<topic3>Searching Algo</topic3>
<topic4>Sorting Algo</topic4>
</tutorial_section>
<tutorial_section>
<name>Data Structures</name>
<topic1>Array</topic1>
<topic2>Stack</topic2>
<topic3>Queue</topic3>
<topic4>Linked List</topic4>
</tutorial_section>
<tutorial_section>
<name>Web Technology</name>
<topic1>HTML</topic1>
<topic2>CSS</topic2>
<topic3>Java Script</topic3>
<topic4>Php</topic4>
</tutorial_section>
<tutorial_section>
<name>Languages</name>
<topic1>C/C++</topic1>
<topic2>Java</topic2>
<topic3>Python</topic3>
<topic4>Ruby</topic4>
</tutorial_section>
<tutorial_section>
<name>DBMS</name>
<topic1>Basics</topic1>
<topic2>ER Diagram</topic2>
<topic3>Normalization</topic3>
<topic4>Transaction Concepts</topic4>
</tutorial_section>
</Tutorials>

topic.css
Tutorials:
{
font-size:80%;
margin:0.5em;
font-family: Verdana;
display:block;
}
tutorial_section {
display:block;
border: 1px solid silver;
margin:0.5em;
padding:0.5em;
background-color:whitesmoke;
}
title {
display:block;
font-weight:bolder;
text-align:center;
font-size:30px;
background-color: green;
color: white;
}
name, topic1, topic2, topic3, topic4 {
display:block;
text-align:center;
}
name {
color:green;
text-decoration: underline ;
font-weight:bolder;
font-size:20px;
}
topic1 {
color:green
}
topic2 {
color:brown
}
topic3 {
color:blue
}
topic4 {
color:orange
}

Output:

Result:
Thus the xml program to display the information about various sections in Tutorial and the
topics styling with CSS is designed successfully.

Ex.No: 4b Program to display the Book information in XML and validating it in DTD
Date :

Aim: To write an xml program to display book information validating with Document Type
Definition(DTD).

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox.

Algorithm:
1. Three files xml file(.xml), css(.css) and dtd (.dtd) file is created separately to store data and
design.
2. In xml file the details of the book is created using our own tag.
3. In css file the design and styles for each book information is given.
4. The dtd file is used to parse and validate data of xml file.
5. The css file is linked with the xml file by using href=”filename.css”.
6. The dtd file is attached with xml file using <!DOCTYPE Catalog SYSTEM "catalog.dtd"> where
SYSTEM is a keyword.
7. Finally the xml data is designed with cascading styles and data’s are validated using DTD.

Program:

catalog.dtd
<!ELEMENT Catalog (Book)*>
<!ELEMENT Book (Title, Author, Publication ,Edition, ISBN, Price)>
<!ELEMENT Title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT Publication (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT Edition (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT ISBN (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT Price (#PCDATA)>

library.css
Catalog
{
font-family:arial;
color:blue;
font-size:16pt
}
Book
{
font-family:times new roman;
color:blue;
table-layout:auto;
font-size:14pt
}
Title
{
font-family:arial;
color:green;
margin-left:20pt;
font-size:12pt
}
Author
{
font-family:arial;
color:magenta
}
Publication,Edition,ISBN,Price
{
display:block;
font-family:arial;
color:black;
font-size:10pt;
margin-left:40pt
}

Cataloguedemo.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone=”no”?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="library.css" ?>
<!DOCTYPE Catalog SYSTEM "catalog.dtd">
<Catalog>
<Book>
<Title>XML Bible</Title>
<Author>Winston</Author>
<Publication>Wiely</Publication>
<Edition>Fifth Edition</Edition>
<ISBN>0-7645-4760-7</ISBN>
<Price>$40.5</Price >
</Book>

<Book>
<Title>Artificial Intelligence</Title>
<Author>S. Russel</Author>
<Publication> Princeton Hall </Publication>
<Edition> Sixth Edition</Edition>
<ISBN> 0-13-1038-5-2 </ISBN>
<Price>$63</Price>
</Book>

<Book>
<Title>Java 2</Title>
<Author>Watson</Author>
<Publication>BPB Publications</Publication>
<Edition>Third Edition</Edition>
<ISBN>0-41-1058-7-2</ISBN>
<Price>$63</Price>
</Book>

<Book>
<Title>HTML in 24 hours </Title>
<Author> Sam Peter</Author>
<Publication> SAM Publications </Publication>
<Edition>Fifth Edition</Edition>
<ISBN> 0-672-32841-0 </ISBN>
<Price> $50 </Price >
</Book>
</Catalog>

Output:

Result:
Thus the program to display Book information in XML is designed and validated it in DTD.

Ex.No: 4c Program to display student information in XML using XSLT

Date :

Aim: To write an xml program to display student information using XSLT

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox.

Algorithm:
1. Two files xml file(.xml) and xsl(.xsl) file is created separately to store data and design.
2. In xml file the details of the student is created using our own tag.
3. In xsl file the design and styles for each student information is given.
4. The XSL Transform is ude to display the program in html using xml as its datastore.
5. The xsl file is linked with the xml file by using href=”filename.xsl”.
6. Finally the xml data is designed with xml stylesheets and output is displayed in web browser.

Program:
student.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="student.xsl" ?>
<student>
<s>
<name> Divyank Singh Sikarwar </name>
<branch> CSE</branch> <age>18</age> <city> Agra </city>
</s>
<s>
<name> Aniket Chauhan </name>
<branch> CSE</branch> <age> 20</age> <city> Shahjahanpur </city>
</s>
<s>
<name> Simran Agarwal</name>
<branch> CSE</branch> <age> 23</age> <city> Buland Shar</city>
</s>
<s>
<name> Abhay Chauhan</name>
<branch> CSE</branch> <age> 17</age> <city> Shahjahanpur</city>
</s>
<s>
<name> Himanshu Bhatia</name>
<branch> IT</branch> <age> 25</age> <city> Indore</city>
</s>
</student>
student.xsl
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/">
<html>
<body>
<h1 align="center">Students' Basic Details</h1>
<table border="3" align="center" >
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Branch</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>City</th>
</tr>
<xsl:for-each select="student/s">
<tr>
<td><xsl:value-of select="name"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="branch"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="age"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="city"/></td>
</tr>
</xsl:for-each>
</table>
</body> </html>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

Output:

Result:
Thus the program to display student information in XML is designed using XSLT.
Ex.No: 5 Perl Program to get user information
Date :

Aim: To write a perl program to display user information Using Perl CGI.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox.

Algorithm:
1. Two files html file(.html) and perl(.pl) file is created separately to store data and design.
2. In html file the form is designed to get the input from the user.
3. In perl file the request method is used to get the data from each user.
4. The perl file is linked with the html file using GET and ACTION method.
5. Finally the html file is opened with the web browser and thus the desired web page is
designed.

Program:
user.html
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>CGI Form</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<FORM METHOD="GET" ACTION="index.pl">
<P>Name: <INPUT TYPE = "text" NAME = "name" VALUE = "" ></P>
<P>Address: <INPUT TYPE = "text" NAME = "street" VALUE = "" ></P>
City: <INPUT TYPE = "text" NAME = "city" VALUE = "" >
State: <INPUT TYPE = "text" NAME = "state" VALUE = "" >
Zip: <INPUT TYPE = "text" NAME = "zip" VALUE = "" >
<P>Overall rating:</P>
Needs Improvement: <INPUT TYPE = "radio" NAME = "rating" VALUE = "NI">
Average: <INPUT TYPE = "radio" NAME = "rating" VALUE = "AV">
Above Average: <INPUT TYPE = "radio" NAME = "rating" VALUE = "AA">
Excellent: <INPUT TYPE = "radio" NAME = "rating" VALUE = "EX">
<BR>
<P>Comments:</P>
<P><TEXTAREA NAME = "comments"></TEXTAREA></P>
<INPUT TYPE = "reset" name="reset" value = "Reset the Form">
<INPUT type = "submit" name="submit" value = "Submit Comment">
</FORM></H4>
</BODY>
</HTML>

index.pl
$requestType = $ENV{"REQUEST_METHOD"};

print "Content-type: text/plain\n\n";

if($requestType eq "GET")
{
&readGetData(*data);
# Print the data that we read
print "The GET data is:\n\n";
print $data;
print "\n";
}
sub readGetData
{
local(*queryString) = @_ if @_;
$queryString = $ENV{"QUERY_STRING"};
return 1;
}

Output:

Result:
Thus the program to display user information in perl is designed successfully.
Ex.No: 6a Program to calculate Electricity Bill using PHP
Date :

Aim: To write a PHP program to calculate electricity bill using if-else conditions.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox, Xampp Server

Algorithm:
1. Download and Install Xampp Server for windows.
2. After installing the folder named xampp get saved in the C drive automatically.
3. Now create a file and write the php coding for the Electricity Bill Calculation and save the
file with extension (.php) in Cxampp folderhtdocs.
4. Conditions for calculating Electricity Bill is as follows:
 For first 50 units – Rs. 3.50/unit
 For next 100 units – Rs. 4.00/unit
 For next 100 units – Rs. 5.20/unit
 For units above 250 – Rs. 6.50/unit
5. Now open the xampp server and start the Apache and mySQL.
6. Now open any web bowser and run the file as localhost/filename.php in browser.
7. Thus the electricity bill calculation website is successfully designed.

Program:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
<title>PHP - Calculate Electricity Bill</title>
</head>

<?php
$result_str = $result = '';
if (isset($_POST['unit-submit'])) {
$units = $_POST['units'];
if (!empty($units)) {
$result = calculate_bill($units);
$result_str = 'Total amount of ' . $units . ' - ' . $result;
}}
/* To calculate electricity bill as per unit cost */
function calculate_bill($units) {
$unit_cost_first = 3.50;
$unit_cost_second = 4.00;
$unit_cost_third = 5.20;
$unit_cost_fourth = 6.50;
if($units <= 50) {
$bill = $units * $unit_cost_first; }
else if($units > 50 && $units <= 100) {
$temp = 50 * $unit_cost_first;
$remaining_units = $units - 50;
$bill = $temp + ($remaining_units * $unit_cost_second); }
else if($units > 100 && $units <= 200) {
$temp = (50 * 3.5) + (100 * $unit_cost_second);
$remaining_units = $units - 150;
$bill = $temp + ($remaining_units * $unit_cost_third); }
else {
$temp = (50 * 3.5) + (100 * $unit_cost_second) + (100 * $unit_cost_third);
$remaining_units = $units - 250;
$bill = $temp + ($remaining_units * $unit_cost_fourth); }
return number_format((float)$bill, 2, '.', '');}
?>
<body>
<div id="page-wrap">
<h1>Php - Calculate Electricity Bill</h1>
<form action="" method="post" id="quiz-form">
<input type="number" name="units" id="units" placeholder="Please enter no. of
Units" />
<input type="submit" name="unit-submit" id="unit-submit" value="Submit" />
</form>

<div> <?php echo '<br />' . $result_str; ?> </div>

</div> </body></html>

Output:

Result:
Thus the program to calculate Electricity Bill in PHP is designed successfully.
Ex.No: 6b Program to display Employee Information using PHP Cookies
Date :

Aim: To write a PHP program to create a form to accept employee details and then LIC
information and displaying those details using cookies.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox, Xampp Server

Algorithm:
1. Download and Install Xampp Server for windows.
2. After installing the folder named xampp get saved in the C drive automatically.
3. Now create a file and write the php codings emp.php, LIC.php and display.php & save all the
files with extension (.php) in Cxampp folderhtdocs.
4. Now open the xampp server and start the Apache and mySQL.
5. Now open any web bowser and run the emp.php file as localhost/emp.php in browser.
Employee form page will get opened.
6. In Emp.php page the details of the employees are given and then while clicking submit
button it takes you to the new form LIC.php
7. In LIC.php page submit all the details and click display button. This will takes you to new
page where the details you entered were displayed.

Program:

Emp.html
<html>
<body>
<form method="POST" action="Lic.php">
Enter EMP No : <input type=text name="eno"><br>
Enter EMP Name : <input type=text name="name"><br>
Enter Address : <input type=text name="addr"><br>
<input type=submit value=Submit>
</form>
</body>
</html>

LIC.php
<?php
session_start();
$_SESSION['eno']=$_POST['eno'];
$_SESSION['name']=$_POST['name'];
$_SESSION['addr']=$_POST['addr'];
echo"Hello ".$_SESSION['name']." enter LIC details<br>";
?>
<form method="POST" action="Display.php">
Plan No:<input type="text" name="pno"><br>
Plan Name :<input type="text" name="pname"><br>
Premium :<input type="text" name="pre"><br>
<input type=submit value=Display>
</form>

Display.php
<?php
session_start();
echo"<Center>"."<b>Employee Details</b>"."<br>";
echo"Emp No:".$_SESSION['eno']."<br>";
echo"Emp name:".$_SESSION['name']."<br>";
echo"Address:".$_SESSION['addr']."<br>"."<hr>";
echo"<b>LIC Plan Details:</b>"."<br>";
echo"Plan No:".$_REQUEST['pno']."<br>";
echo"Plan Name:".$_REQUEST['pname']."<br>";
echo"Premium:".$_REQUEST['pre']."<br>"."<hr>";

Outputs:
Result:
Thus the program to create a form to accept employee details using PHP cookies is designed
successfully.
Ex.No: 7a Program to create a submit page using PHP with MySQL DataBase
Connectivity
Date :

Aim: To write a PHP program to create a submit page with DB connection.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox, Xampp Server, My SQL DB

Algorithm:
1. Download and Install Xampp Server for windows.
2. After installing the folder named xampp get saved in the C drive automatically.
3. Now create a file and write the php coding for submit form page and save the file with
extension (.php) in Cxampp folderhtdocs.
4. Now open the xampp server and start the Apache and mySQL.
5. Now open any web bowser and run the file as localhost/filename.php in browser.
6. Now the submit page gets opened.
7. Next connect the php coding to database using
$con=new mysqli('localhost','root','','website');
8. To connect the page with Database follow the steps below:
a. In Xampp server click the admin button of MySQL. It directs you to a database page.
b. There you create your database, table with columns and names to each column and
save it.
9. Now on giving input on the submit page and by clicking

Program:
<?php
$con=new mysqli('localhost','root','','student');
if($con->connect_error)
{
echo $con->connect_error;
die();
}
else
{
echo"database connect";
}
?>
<html>
<body>
<form action="sample.php" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>name</td>
<td><input type="text" name="name"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>age</td>
<td><input type="text" name="age"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>password</td>
<td><input type="password" name="password"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" name="submit" value="save"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<?php
if(isset($_POST['submit']))
{
$name=$_POST['name'];
$age=$_POST['age'];
$password=$_POST['password'];
if($name!=""&&$age!=""&&$password!="")
{
$sql="insert into god(uname,age,password)values('$name',$age,'$password')";
if($con->query($sql))
{
echo "data store";
}
else
{
echo"data fail";
}}
else
{
echo"all data require";
}}
else
{
echo"enterall data";
}
?>

Output:
Result:
Thus the program to create a submit form page using PHP with database is stored
successfully.
Ex.No: 7b Program to create a page user details using PHP with MySQL DataBase
Connectivity and retrieval of Data from Database
Date :

Aim: To write a PHP program to create a page to get user details with DB connection.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox, Xampp Server, My SQL DB

Algorithm:
1. Download and Install Xampp Server for windows.
2. After installing the folder named xampp get saved in the C drive automatically.
3. Now create a file and write the php coding for submit form page and save the file with
extension (.php) in Cxampp folderhtdocs.
4. Now open the xampp server and start the Apache and mySQL.
5. Now open any web bowser and run the file as localhost/filename.php in browser.
6. Here we using 3 file for insert data in MySQL:
a. database.php:For connecting data base
b. insert.php: For getting the values from the user
c. process.php: A PHP file that process the request
d. retrieve.php: For retrive data from database
7. To connect the page with Database follow the steps below:
a. In Xampp server click the admin button of MySQL. It directs you to a database page.
b. There you create your database, table with columns and names to each column and
save it.
8. Now on giving input on the submit page and by clicking submit button, the user details get
saved in the database and also we can reteieve data from database.

Program:

insert.php
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<form method="post" action="process.php">
First name:<br>
<input type="text" name="first_name">
<br>
Last name:<br>
<input type="text" name="last_name">
<br>
City name:<br>
<input type="text" name="city_name">
<br>
Email Id:<br>
<input type="email" name="email">
<br><br>
<input type="submit" name="save" value="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>

process.php
<?php
include_once 'database.php';
if(isset($_POST['save']))
{
$first_name = $_POST['first_name'];
$last_name = $_POST['last_name'];
$city_name = $_POST['city_name'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$sql = "INSERT INTO employee (first_name,last_name,city_name,email)
VALUES ('$first_name','$last_name','$city_name','$email')";
if (mysqli_query($conn, $sql)) {
echo "New record created successfully !";
} else {
echo "Error: " . $sql . " " . mysqli_error($conn);
}
mysqli_close($conn);
}
?>

database.php
<?php
$conn=mysqli_connect('localhost','root','','crud');
if(!$conn){
die('Could not Connect My Sql:' .mysql_error());
}
?>

retrieve.php
<?php
include_once 'database.php';
$result = mysqli_query($conn,"SELECT * FROM employee");
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title> Retrive data</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
if (mysqli_num_rows($result) > 0) {
?>
<table>

<tr>
<td>First Name</td>
<td>Last Name</td>
<td>City</td>
<td>Email id</td>
</tr>
<?php
$i=0;
while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($result)) {
?>
<tr>
<td><?php echo $row["first_name"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["last_name"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["city_name"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["email"]; ?></td>
</tr>
<?php
$i++;
}
?>
</table>
<?php
}
else{
echo "No result found";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
Output:
Result:
Thus the program to create a page to get user details where the data is stored and retrieved
successfully.
Ex.No: 8 Program to create Live Search Page using Ajax
Date :

Aim: To write a Ajax program to create a Live Search Page.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox, Xampp Server, My SQL DB, HTML, CSS, PHP, MySQL, Javascript, AJAX.

Algorithm:
1. Download and Install Xampp Server for windows.
2. After installing the folder named xampp get saved in the C drive automatically.
3. Now create a file and write the php coding for submit form page and save the file with
extension (.php) in Cxampp folderhtdocs.
4. Now open the xampp server and start the Apache and mySQL.
5. Here we using 5 file for insert data in MySQL:
a. Search.php (This is the main file of the search engine, where a user inputs data and
views result).
b. db.php (This file contains database connection details).
c. Ajax.php (The main file that generates AJAX request to server and return results).
d. script.js (This file contains javascript functions to perform AJAX requests).
e. style.css (Contains styling for the search engine).
6. To connect the page with Database follow the steps below:
a. In Xampp server click the admin button of MySQL. It directs you to a database page.
b. Create a database called “autocomplete” and insert sql queries.
7. Now on giving input to the search page which will display the output.

Program:

sql query
CREATE TABLE search (
id INT(6) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL
);
INSERT INTO `search` VALUES
(1, 'David Copperfield'),
(2, 'Ricky Ponting'),
(3, 'Cristiano Ronaldo'),
(4, 'Lionel Messi'),
(5, 'Shane Watson');

search.php
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Live Search using AJAX</title>

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css">

</head>
<body>

<input type="text" id="search" placeholder="Search" />
<br>
<b>Ex: </b><i>David, Ricky, Ronaldo, Messi, Watson, Robot</i>
<br />

db.php
<?php
//Database connection.
$con = MySQLi_connect(
"localhost", //Server host name.
"root", //Database username.
"", //Database password.
"autocomplete" //Database name or anything you would like to call it.
);

//Check connection
if (MySQLi_connect_errno()) {
echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . MySQLi_connect_error();
}
?>
ajax.php
<?php
//Including Database configuration file.
include "db.php";

//Getting value of "search" variable from "script.js".

if (isset($_POST['search'])) {

//Search box value assigning to $Name variable.

$Name = $_POST['search'];

//Search query.
$Query = "SELECT Name FROM search WHERE Name LIKE '%$Name%' LIMIT 5";

//Query execution
$ExecQuery = MySQLi_query($con, $Query);

//Creating unordered list to display result.

echo '
<ul>
';

//Fetching result from database.

while ($Result = MySQLi_fetch_array($ExecQuery)) {
?>

<!-- Creating unordered list items.

Calling javascript function named as "fill" found in "script.js" file.

By passing fetched result as parameter. -->

<li onclick='fill("<?php echo $Result['Name']; ?>")'>

<a>

<?php echo $Result['Name']; ?>

</li></a>

<?php
}}
?>
</ul>

scripts.js
//Getting value from "ajax.php".
function fill(Value) {

//Assigning value to "search" div in "search.php" file.

$('#search').val(Value);

//Hiding "display" div in "search.php" file.

$('#display').hide();
}
$(document).ready(function() {

//On pressing a key on "Search box" in "search.php" file. This function will be called.
$("#search").keyup(function() {

//Assigning search box value to javascript variable named as "name".

var name = $('#search').val();

//Validating, if "name" is empty.

if (name == "") {

//Assigning empty value to "display" div in "search.php" file.

$("#display").html("");
}

//If name is not empty.

else {

//AJAX is called.
$.ajax({

//AJAX type is "Post".

type: "POST",

//Data will be sent to "ajax.php".

url: "ajax.php",
//Data, that will be sent to "ajax.php".
data: {

//Assigning value of "name" into "search" variable.

search: name
},

//If result found, this funtion will be called.

success: function(html) {

//Assigning result to "display" div in "search.php" file.

$("#display").html(html).show();
}
});
}
});
});

style.css
a:hover {
cursor: pointer;
background-color: yellow;
}

Output:
Result:
Thus the program to create live search page is created successfully using Ajax.
Ex.No: 9 Program to display book information using Rails
Date :

Aim: To write a program to display book information using Rails.

Tools Required: Notepad Editor and Web Browser like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or
Mozilla Firefox, Xampp Server, My SQL DB, Instantrails2.0

Algorithm:
1. Download and Install Xampp Server for windows.
2. After installing the folder named xampp get saved in the C drive automatically.
3. Save instantrails2.0 in c:/
4. Start xampp
5. Goto C:\Instantrails2.0 there will be an icon I, double click on that.
6. Click on I (left side)- Rails applications → ruby console window
7. Type the commands and coding to get desired output.
Program:

1. Create Database
Type this code at command prompt to login to mysql server as root and get the mysql prompt
> mysql -u root
mysql> create database bookApp_development; mysql> create database bookApp_test;
mysql> create database bookApp_production; mysql> use bookApp_development;
mysql> create table books
(ID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
acc_num int NOT NULL,
title VARCHAR(150) NOT NULL, authors VARCHAR(150) NOT NULL,
edition INT(2),
publisher VARCHAR(150), PRIMARY KEY(ID)
);
Quit MySQL by typing mysql> quit;

2. Generate the ruby script

C:\InstantRails-2.0-win\rails_apps> rails -d mysql bookApp C:\InstantRails-2.0-win\rails_apps> cd
bookApp
C:\InstantRails-2.0-win\rails_apps\bookApp> ruby script/generate scaffold Book ac c_num:int
title:string authors:string, edition:int publisher:string
Start the application with mongrel
C:\InstantRails-2.0-win\rails_apps\bookApp> ruby script/server
3. Open the application in browser to insert data into table books

Click on the “New book” link to insert data into the table books
Click on Create

Click “Back” to see the listing

4. Create Views
Press control-c to stop the mongrel in command prompt and type
C:\InstantRails-2.0-win\rails_apps\bookApp> ruby script/generate controller main
This will create
main_controller.rb in C:\InstantRails-2.0-win\rails_apps\bookApp\app\controllers
main folder in C:\InstantRails-2.0-win\rails_apps\bookApp\app\views
main_controller.rb
class MainController < ApplicationController def welcome
@num_books = Book.count end
def result
@bookid = params[:sid]
@bookz = Book.find(:all, :conditions => "id = #{@bookid}") end
end

5. Generate model
At the command prompt type,
C:\InstantRails-2.0-win\rails_apps\bookApp> ruby script/generate model book
This will create book.rb in C:\InstantRails-2.0-win\rails_apps\bookApp\app\models directory.

6. Write rhtml pages to search for books.

Save the following two programs in \bookApp\app\views\main folder.

result.rhtml
<html>
<head>
<title> Welcome template for books </title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#CCFFCC" text="#003800">
<h1>Welcome</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="../books/new"> Add new book </a></li>
<li><a href="../books">View Book Listing</a></li>
</ul>
<h3> Search for books</h3>
<p> Total number of books : <%= @num_books %> </p>
<form action = "result" >
Enter title of book : <input type="text" name="sid" />
<input type=submit value="Search" />
</form>
</body>
</html>

result.rhtml
<html>
<head>
<title> Welcome template for books </title>
<style> table {
border-collapse: collapse;
}
th {
background-color: #003300; color: #CCCCCC;
}
th, td { padding: 5px; }
</style>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#CCFFCC" text="#003800">
<h1> Search Results </h1>
<p> Search Results for book title containing <b> <%= @booktitle %> </b></p>
<a href="welcome"> Back </a>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Accession Number</th>
<th>Title</th>
<th>Authors</th>
<th>Edition No. </th>
<th> Publisher</th>
</tr>
<% @bookz.each do |bk| @acc_num= bk.acc_num @title = bk.title
@author = bk.authors @edition = bk.edition @publisher = bk.publisher %>
<tr>
<td> <%= @acc_num %></td>
<td><%= @title %> </td>
<td><%= @author %></td>
<td> <%= @edition %></td>
<td> <%= @publisher %></td>
</tr>
<% end %>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Start the application with mongrel
C:\InstantRails-2.0-win\rails_apps\bookApp> ruby script/server

7. Open the application in browser

Go to browser and execute, http://localhost:3000/main/welcome
Output:

Result:
Thus the program to display book information is created successfully using Rails.
Ex.No: 10 A Sample Case Study – Online Shopping Website
Date:

Aim: To develop an online shopping website developed using HTML, CSS, PHP, and MYSQL.

Problem Analysis and Project Plan:

To simplify the process of shopping in online websites, a web page has been created by
designing through HTML & CSS as a front end, php as server-side scripting language and mysql
database. Initially, the user register and login the online shopping website and submit his details.
These details are stored in database and user is allowed to save whished items and purchase the
items b going to payment page.

Problem Statement:
1. Online Shopping store is used in the effective purchase of items to all of the customer. Here,
customers can find products with details placed for sale.
2. In this web application software, one can add new products along with their name, image,
description, price. There are basically three types of products on this website: camera,
watches, and shirts for the customers. The software features a beautiful landing home page
where users can see three various product categories to start with. Upon clicking one
category -eg- watches, the website will redirect the customer to the watches page where
there are various types of watches available for the customers to view and buy if interested.
3. Likewise, in order to process to buy price, one must be logged in to the website. If not, they
need to register to the site as a come with their name, address, mail, contact number. Then,
the user can add products to the cart and then continue to shop or prices to the checkout
page.

Software Requirement Specification:

S.No Software Requirement Specification
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Purpose
1.2 Scope
1.3 Definitions, Acronyms & Abbreviations
1.4 Reference
1.5 Technology & Tools Used
Overview
2.0 Overall Description
2.1 Hardware & Software Interface
2.2 System Function
2.3 User Characteristics
2.4 Constraints
2.5 Assumption & Dependencies
1.0 Introduction
Online Shopping System is an interface between the customer and the authority responsible
for the issue of products. It aims at improving the efficiency in the Issue of items and reduces the
complexities involved in it to the maximum possible extent .

1.1 Purpose
Online Shopping brings convenience for customers as they do not have to leave home and
only need to browse website online, especially for buying the products which are not sold in
nearby shops. It could help customers buy wider range of products and save customers'
time. Consumers also gain power through online shopping.

1.2 Scope
Sellers can deal in a wide range of products. They can analyse customer buying patterns and
preferences and offer tailor made offers, discounts, and services. Business can be easily
scaled. By selling via online retail sites like Amazon, Flipkart, etc., small traders and
manufacturers get the seal of legitimacy.

1.3 Definitions, Acronyms and Abbreviations

Customer/User - One who wishes to buy the products.

1.4 References IEEE Software Requirement Specification format.

1.5 Technology &Tools Used

Xampp/Wamp Server, Sublime Editor/Notepad

Overview
It includes two sections overall description and specific requirements – Overall description will
describe major role of the system components and interconnections. Specific requirements will
describe roles & functions of the actors.

2.0 Overall Description

People without wasting much energy in going to the shops to buy the shopping items that
are required can purchase it through the shopping websites. Online shopping is the activity or
action of buying products or services over the Internet. It means going online, landing on a seller's
website, selecting something, and arranging for its delivery. The buyer either pays for the good or
service online with a credit or debit card or upon delivery.

2.1 Hardware & Software Interface

Hardware Interface
 PROCESSOR : Intel dual Core ,i3
 RAM : 1 GB
Software Interface
 Operating System : Unix, Linux, Mac, Windows,etc
 Frontend : HTML, CSS
 Serverside Script : PHP
 Database : MySQL

2.2 System Functions

 Speed. Shoppers expect lightning-speed load times, and Google does too.
 Mobile Friendliness. ...
 Ease of use in the checkout flow. ...
 Personalization. ...
 Accessibility.

2.3 User Characteristics

There are three forms of user for the system
 Administrators: Administrators are people who add or control categories for items
and are responsible for administering the vendors.
 Vendors/Sellers: These people will link their goods to the index which will be
displayed on the website to the end user or inform customers who can purchase the
products b choosing the one the need. Vendors will have unique rights over end-
users and will have the right to handle items the add.
 End Users/Customers: The end customer will be the one who visits the website and
order items online from those added by the vendors/sellers.

2.4 Constraints
 The Key restriction here will be to verify the validity of the purchaser, which is not
always feasible. Security threats may be involved.
 The built framework can run on any platform that includes a web browser that
supports PHP, scripting language and AJAX.

2.5 Assumption & Dependencies

 The details related to the product, customer, payment and service transaction are
provided manually.
 The administrator is created in the system already
 Roles and tasks are predefined

Modules Description :
The system consists of the following modules :
 Master Maintenance : This module consists of information about the products and
services. This includes two sub-modules, Product master and Price master.
 Product master includes the information about particular product, such as product
number, item, name, category, images of products, description, features, and
constraints of products. All these will be entered to the database through product
master and hence made available in the website. In Other words product master is
the admin area for the vendors/sellers where they can put information about their
products which are to be displayed in the website.
 Price master deals with the cost of the product, discounts applicable for the
particular product of a vendor/seller.
 Transactions : In this module, management of shopping cart is done. This module will
add the bought item to the shopping cart, where all items that are to be purchased can be reviewed
once again after the item is bought from the cart. Payment will be done on Delivery of the items
( Cash On Delivery).
 Reporting : In this module all reports will be generated. Whenever a item is sold, or
customer orders a product, its vendor should be sent an alert via email immediately so that he can
ship that item soon. This module has 3 sub modules; Stock Reports, Order Reports and Delivery
Reports.
 Stock Report will produce reports of the quantity of the products available and
product status.
 Order Report will have the list of products ordered and the customer details who
have bought that product, which are undelivered.
 Delivery Reports will generate products list, which are delivered to customers.
 House Keeping : This module takes care of data which are older than a certain period. It
will allow the vendor to archive the reports generated or transaction and business history reported
by Reporting module.
 Future scope of the Project :
 Most generic consumer to consumer e-commerce website,which covers almost all
possible categories with 2 level listing.
 Maximize benefits and minimize the disadvantages of a common ecommerce
website.
 User friendly, Vendor friendly environment.

E – R DIAGRAM
Entity Relationship Diagrams are a major data modeling tool and will help organize the data
in your project into entities and define the relationships between the entities. This process has
proved to enable the analyst to produce a good database structure so that the data can be stored
and retrieved in a most efficient manner.

 Entity
A data entity is anything real or abstract about which we want to store data. Entity types
fall into five classes: roles, events, locations, tangible things or concepts. E.g. employee,
payment, campus, book. Specific examples of an entity are called instances. E.g. the employee
John Jones, Mary Smith's payment, etc.
 Relationship
A data relationship is a natural association that exists between one or more entities. E.g.
Employees process payments. .

 Attribute
A data attribute is a characteristic common to all or most instances of a particular entity.
Synonyms include property, data element, field. E.g. Name, address, Employee Number, pay
rate are all attributes of the entity employee. An attribute or combination of attributes that
uniquely identifies one and only one instance of an entity is called a primary
key or identifier. E.g. Employee Number is a primary key for Employee.

Data Flow Diagram

A Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data through
an information system. A DFD is often used as a preliminary step to create an overview of the
system. DFDs can also be used for the visualization of data processing (structured design).
A DFD shows what kind of information will be input to and output from the system, where the data
will come from and go to, and where the data will be stored. It does not show information about the
timing of process or information about whether processes will operate in sequence or in parallel.

Codings
-- phpMyAdmin SQL
CREATE TABLE ìtems` ( ìd` int(11) NOT NULL, `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `price` int(11)
NOT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
-- Dumping data for table ìtems` --
INSERT INTO ìtems` (ìd`, `name`, `price`) VALUES (1, 'Cannon EOS', 36000), (2, 'Sony DSLR',
40000), (3, 'Sony DSLR', 50000), (4, 'Olympus DSLR', 80000), (5, 'Titan Model #301', 13000), (6,
'Titan Model #201', 3000), (7, 'HMT Milan', 8000), (8, 'Favre Lueba #111', 18000), (9, 'Raymond',
1500), (10, 'Charles', 1000), (11, 'HXR', 900), (12, 'PINK', 1200);
-- Table structure for table ùsers` --
CREATE TABLE ùsers` ( ìd` int(11) NOT NULL, `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, èmail`
varchar(255) NOT NULL, `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `contact` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`city` varchar(255) NOT NULL, àddress` varchar(255) NOT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT
CHARSET=latin1;
-- Dumping data for table ùsers` --
INSERT INTO ùsers` (ìd`, `name`, èmail`, `password`, `contact`, `city`, àddress`) VALUES (4,
'yugesh verma', '[email protected]', '14e1b600b1fd579f47433b88e8d85291',
'6263056779', 'bhilai', '25 commercial complex, nehru nagar,east near vijya bank, bhilai C.G.'), (5,
'yugesh', '[email protected]', '14e1b600b1fd579f47433b88e8d85291', '9165063741',
'bhilai', 'bhilai');
-- Table structure for table ùsers_items` --
CREATE TABLE ùsers_items` ( ìd` int(11) NOT NULL, ùser_id` int(11) NOT NULL, ìtem_id`
int(11) NOT NULL, `status` enum('Added to cart','Confirmed') NOT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
-- Dumping data for table ùsers_items` --
INSERT INTO ùsers_items` (ìd`, ùser_id`, ìtem_id`, `status`) VALUES (7, 3, 3, 'Added to cart'), (8, 3,
4, 'Added to cart'), (9, 3, 5, 'Added to cart'), (10, 3, 11, 'Added to cart'), (11, 1, 9, 'Added to cart'), (12,
1, 2, 'Added to cart'), (13, 1, 8, 'Added to cart'), (14, 4, 2, 'Confirmed'), (18, 5, 11, 'Added to cart'),
(20, 5, 5, 'Added to cart');
-- Indexes for dumped tables -- -- -- Indexes for table ìtems` --
ALTER TABLE ìtems` ADD PRIMARY KEY (ìd`);
-- -- Indexes for table ùsers` --
ALTER TABLE ùsers` ADD PRIMARY KEY (ìd`);
-- -- Indexes for table ùsers_items` -- ALTER TABLE ùsers_items` ADD PRIMARY KEY (ìd`),
ADD KEY ùser_id` (ùser_id`,ìtem_id`), ADD KEY ìtem_id` (ìtem_id`);
-- -- AUTO_INCREMENT for dumped tables -- -- -- AUTO_INCREMENT for table ìtems` --
ALTER TABLE ìtems` MODIFY ìd` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, AUTO_INCREMENT=13;
-- -- AUTO_INCREMENT for table ùsers` --
ALTER TABLE ùsers` MODIFY ìd` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, AUTO_INCREMENT=6;
-- -- AUTO_INCREMENT for table ùsers_items` -- ALTER TABLE ùsers_items`
MODIFY ìd` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, AUTO_INCREMENT=22;
-- -- Constraints for dumped tables ---- -- Constraints for table ùsers_items` --
ALTER TABLE ùsers_items` ADD CONSTRAINT ùsers_items_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (ùser_id`)
REFERENCES ùsers` (ìd`), ADD CONSTRAINT ùsers_items_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (ìtem_id`)
REFERENCES ìtems` (ìd`); COMMIT;

CSS Coding:
.navbar{ margin-bottom: 0px; }
#bannerImage{ padding-top:75px; padding-bottom:50px; margin-bottom: 20px; text-
align:center; color:#f8f8f8; background:url(../img/intro-bg_1.jpg); background-size:cover; }
#bannerContent{ position:relative; padding-top:6%; padding-bottom:6%; margin-
top:12%; margin-bottom:12%; background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.7); max-width:660px; }
footer{ background-color:#101010; color:#9d9d9d; font-size:14px; font-weight:bold;
padding:10px; bottom:0; }
html { min-height:100%; position:relative; }
.footer { position: absolute; bottom:0; right:0; left:0; }
@media (min-width:320px){ #autoResize{ font-size:12px; } }
@media (min-width:481px){ #autoResize{ font-size:16px; }}
@media (min-width:641px){ #autoResize{ font-size:18px; }}
@media (min-width:961px){ #autoResize{ font-size:20px; } }
@media (min-width:1000px){ #autoResize{ font-size:26px; } }

Card.php
<?php
session_start();
require 'connection.php';
if(!isset($_SESSION['email'])){ header('location: login.php'); }
$user_id=$_SESSION['id'];
$user_products_query="select it.id,it.name,it.price from users_items ut inner join items it on
it.id=ut.item_id where ut.user_id='$user_id'";
$user_products_result=mysqli_query($con,$user_products_query) or die(mysqli_error($con));
$no_of_user_products= mysqli_num_rows($user_products_result);
$sum=0;
if($no_of_user_products==0){ //echo "Add items to cart first."; ?>
<script>
window.alert("No items in the cart!!");
</script>
<?php
}else{
while($row=mysqli_fetch_array($user_products_result)){
$sum=$sum+$row['price'];
} }?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="img/lifestyleStore.png" />
<title>Projectworlds Store</title>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

<link rel="stylesheet" href="bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" type="text/css">

<script type="text/javascript" src="bootstrap/js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<div> <?php require 'header.php'; ?>
<br> <div class="container">
<table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
<tbody> <tr>
<th>Item Number</th><th>Item Name</th><th>Price</th><th></th>
</tr> <?php
$user_products_result=mysqli_query($con,$user_products_query) or die(mysqli_error($con));
$no_of_user_products= mysqli_num_rows($user_products_result);
$counter=1;
while($row=mysqli_fetch_array($user_products_result)){
?> <tr> <th><?php echo $counter ?></th><th><?php echo
$row['name']?></th><th><?php echo $row['price']?></th>
<th><a href='cart_remove.php?id=<?php echo $row['id'] ?>'>Remove</a></th>
</tr> <?php $counter=$counter+1;}?> <tr>
<th></th><th>Total</th><th>Rs <?php echo $sum;?>/-</th><th><a href="success.php?id=<?php
echo $user_id?>" class="btn btn-primary">Confirm Order</a></th></tr>
</tbody> </table> </div> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
<footer class="footer"> <div class="container"> <center>
<p>Copyright &copy <a href="https://projectworlds.in">Projectworlds</a> Store. All Rights
Reserved.</p> <p>This website is developed by Yugesh Verma</p>
</center> </div> </footer> </div> </body>
</html>
<---------cardadd-------->
<?php
require 'connection.php'; //require 'header.php';
session_start(); $item_id=$_GET['id'];
$user_id=$_SESSION['id']; $add_to_cart_query="insert into users_items(user_id,item_id,status)
values ('$user_id','$item_id','Added to cart')";
$add_to_cart_result=mysqli_query($con,$add_to_cart_query) or die(mysqli_error($con));
header('location: products.php'); ?>
<-------Card remove----->
<?php
require 'connection.php'; session_start(); $item_id=$_GET['id']; $user_id=$_SESSION['id'];
$delete_query="delete from users_items where user_id='$user_id' and item_id='$item_id'";
$delete_query_result=mysqli_query($con,$delete_query) or die(mysqli_error($con));
header('location: cart.php'); ?>
<----------Check if added ---------->
<?php
function check_if_added_to_cart($item_id){ //session_start(); require
'connection.php'; $user_id=$_SESSION['id']; $product_check_query="select * from
users_items where item_id='$item_id' and user_id='$user_id' and status='Added to cart'";
$product_check_result=mysqli_query($con,$product_check_query) or die(mysqli_error($con));
$num_rows=mysqli_num_rows($product_check_result); if($num_rows>=1)return 1;
return 0; } ?>
<----- connection---->
<?php
$con=mysqli_connect("localhost","root","","store") or die(mysqli_error($con));
//$con=mysqli_connect("localhost","root","","store") or die(mysqli_error($con));
?>

Header.php
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navabar-fixed-top">
<div class="container"> <div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#myNavbar">
<span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span> </button>
<a href="index.php" class="navbar-brand">projectworlds Store</a>
</div>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="myNavbar">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
<?php
if(isset($_SESSION['email'])){ ?>
<li><a href="cart.php"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-shopping-cart"></span> Cart</a></li>
<li><a href="settings.php"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-cog"></span> Settings</a></li>
<li><a href="logout.php"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-log-out"></span> Logout</a></li>
<?php }else{ ?>
<li><a href="signup.php"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span> Sign Up</a></li>
<li><a href="login.php"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-log-in"></span> Login</a></li>
<?php } ?> </ul> </div> </div> </nav>

Header2
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navabar-fixed-top">
<div class="container"><div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#myNavbar">
<span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button><a href="index.php" class="navbar-brand">projectworlds Store</a> </div>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="myNavbar"><ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
<li><a href="cart.php"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-shopping-cart"></span> Cart</a></li>
<li><a href="settings.php"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-cog"></span> Settings</a></li>
<li><a href="logout.php"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-log-out"></span> Logout</a></li>
</ul> </div> </div> </nav>
Login.php
<?php
require 'connection.php';
session_start();
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html> <head>
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="img/lifestyleStore.png" />
<title>Projectworlds Store</title>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

<link rel="stylesheet" href="bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" type="text/css">

<script type="text/javascript" src="bootstrap/js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css" type="text/css">
</head> <body> <div>
<?php
require 'header.php';
?> <br><br><br>
<div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-6 col-xs-offset-3">
<div class="panel panel-primary"> <div class="panel-heading">
<h3>LOGIN</h3> </div>
<div class="panel-body"> <p>Login to make a purchase.</p>
<form method="post" action="login_submit.php"><div class="form-group">
<input type="email" class="form-control" name="email" placeholder="Email" pattern="[a-z0-
9._%+-]+@[a-z0-9.-]+\.[a-z]{2,3} </div><div class="form-group">
<input type="password" class="form-control" name="password" placeholder="Password(min. 6
characters)" pattern=".{6,}"> </div><div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" value="Login" class="btn btn-primary"></div></form></div>
<div class="panel-footer">Don't have an account yet? <a href="signup.php">Register</a></div>
</div></div></div></div><br><br><br><br><br><footer class="footer">div class="container">
<center> <p>Copyright &copy <a href="https://projectworlds.in">Projectworlds</a> Store. All
Rights Reserved.</p><p>This website is developed by Yugesh Verma</p></center>
</div></footer></div></body> </html>

User registration
<?php
require 'connection.php';
session_start();
$name= mysqli_real_escape_string($con,$_POST['name']);
$email=mysqli_real_escape_string($con,$_POST['email']);
$regex_email="/^[_a-z0-9-]+(\.[_a-z0-9-]+)*@[a-z0-9-]+(\.[_a-z0-9-]+)*(\.[a-z]{2,3})$/";
if(!preg_match($regex_email,$email)){
echo "Incorrect email. Redirecting you back to registration page...";
?>
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="2;url=signup.php" />
<?php
}
$password=md5(md5(mysqli_real_escape_string($con,$_POST['password'])));
if(strlen($password)<6){
echo "Password should have atleast 6 characters. Redirecting you back to registration page...";
?>
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="2;url=signup.php" />
<?php
}
$contact=$_POST['contact'];
$city=mysqli_real_escape_string($con,$_POST['city']);
$address=mysqli_real_escape_string($con,$_POST['address']);
$duplicate_user_query="select id from users where email='$email'";
$duplicate_user_result=mysqli_query($con,$duplicate_user_query) or die(mysqli_error($con));
$rows_fetched=mysqli_num_rows($duplicate_user_result);
if($rows_fetched>0){
//duplicate registration
//header('location: signup.php');
?>
<script>
window.alert("Email already exists in our database!");
</script>
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="1;url=signup.php" />
<?php
}else{
$user_registration_query="insert into users(name,email,password,contact,city,address) values
('$name','$email','$password','$contact','$city','$address')";
//die($user_registration_query);
$user_registration_result=mysqli_query($con,$user_registration_query) or
die(mysqli_error($con));
echo "User successfully registered";
$_SESSION['email']=$email;
//The mysqli_insert_id() function returns the id (generated with AUTO_INCREMENT) used in
the last query.
$_SESSION['id']=mysqli_insert_id($con);
//header('location: products.php'); //for redirecting
?>
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="3;url=products.php" />
<?php
}

Bootstrap
/*!
* Bootstrap v3.3.7 (http://getbootstrap.com)
* Copyright 2011-2016 Twitter, Inc.
* Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
*/
/*! normalize.css v3.0.3 | MIT License | github.com/necolas/normalize.css */
html {
font-family: sans-serif;
-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;
}
body {
margin: 0;
}
article,
aside,
details,
figcaption,
figure,
footer,
header,
hgroup,
main,
menu,
nav,
section,
summary {
display: block;
}
audio,
canvas,
progress,
video {
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: baseline;
}
audio:not([controls]) {
display: none;
height: 0;
}
[hidden],
template {
display: none;
}
a{
background-color: transparent;
}
a:active,
a:hover {
outline: 0;
}
abbr[title] {
border-bottom: 1px dotted;
}
b,
strong {
font-weight: bold;
}
dfn {
font-style: italic;
}
h1 {
margin: .67em 0;
font-size: 2em;
}
mark {
color: #000;
background: #ff0;
}
small {
font-size: 80%;
}
sub,
sup {
position: relative;
font-size: 75%;
line-height: 0;
vertical-align: baseline;
}
sup {
top: -.5em;
}
sub {
bottom: -.25em;
}
img {
border: 0;
}
svg:not(:root) {
overflow: hidden;
}
figure {
margin: 1em 40px;
}
hr {
height: 0;
-webkit-box-sizing: content-box;
-moz-box-sizing: content-box;
box-sizing: content-box;
}
pre {
overflow: auto;
}
code,
kbd,
pre,
samp {
font-family: monospace, monospace;
font-size: 1em;
}
button,
input,
optgroup,
select,
textarea {
margin: 0;
font: inherit;
color: inherit;
}
button {
overflow: visible;
}
button,
select {
text-transform: none;
}
button,
html input[type="button"],
input[type="reset"],
input[type="submit"] {
-webkit-appearance: button;
cursor: pointer;
}
button[disabled],
html input[disabled] {
cursor: default;
}
button::-moz-focus-inner,
input::-moz-focus-inner {
padding: 0;
border: 0;
}
input {
line-height: normal;
}
input[type="checkbox"],
input[type="radio"] {
-webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
-moz-box-sizing: border-box;
box-sizing: border-box;
padding: 0;
}
input[type="number"]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,
input[type="number"]::-webkit-outer-spin-button {
height: auto;
}
input[type="search"] {
-webkit-box-sizing: content-box;
-moz-box-sizing: content-box;
box-sizing: content-box;
-webkit-appearance: textfield;
}
.table-hover > tbody > tr > td.active:hover,
.table-hover > tbody > tr > th.active:hover,
.table-hover > tbody > tr.active:hover > td,
.table-hover > tbody > tr:hover > .active,
.table-hover > tbody > tr.active:hover > th {
background-color: #e8e8e8;
}
textarea.input-group-sm > .form-control,
textarea.input-group-sm > .input-group-addon,
textarea.input-group-sm > .input-group-btn > .btn,
select[multiple].input-group-sm > .form-control,
select[multiple].input-group-sm > .input-group-addon,
select[multiple].input-group-sm > .input-group-btn > .btn {
height: auto;
}
.input-group-addon, .input-group-btn, .input-group .form-control {
display: table-cell; }
.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a { color: #777; }
.progress-bar-success { background-color: #5cb85c; }
.media-bottom { vertical-align: bottom; }
.media-heading { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.media-list { padding-left: 0; list-style: none;}
.list-group { padding-left: 0; margin-bottom: 20px; }
a.list-group-item-success:hover, button.list-group-item-success:hover, a.list-group-item-
success:focus, button.list-group-item-success:focus { color: #3c763d; background-color:
#d0e9c6; }

Output Screenshots

HomePage
Login Page

Admin Login

Registration Page
Product Page

Delivery ReportPage

Feedback Page

Result:
Thus the project to develop online shopping website was developed and case study is done.
Viva Questions
1. What is HTML?
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is a Universal language which allows an individual using
special code to create web pages to be viewed on the Internet.

2. What is a tag?
In HTML, a tag tells the browser what to do. When you write an HTML page, you enter tags for
many reasons; to change the appearance of text, to show a graphic, or to make a link to another
page.

3. What is the simplest HTML page?

HTML Code:
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>This is my page title! </TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY> This is my message to the world! </BODY></HTML>
Browser Display: This is my message to the world!

4. How do I create frames? What is a frameset?

Frames allow an author to divide a browser window into multiple (rectangular) regions. Multiple
documents can be displayed in a single window, each within its own frame. Graphical browsers
allow these frames to be scrolled independently of each other, and links can update the document
displayed in one frame without affecting the others.
You can’t just “add frames” to an existing document. Rather, you must create a frameset document
that defines a particular combination of frames, and then display your content documents inside
those frames. The frameset document should also include alternative non-framed content in a
NOFRAMES element.

5. How can I include comments in HTML?

An HTML comment begins with “<!—“, ends with “--> “, and does not contain “--“ or “>” anywhere in
the comment.

6. What is a Hypertext link?

A hypertext link is a special tag that links one page to another page or resource. If you click the link,
the browser jumps to the link’s destination.

7. What is a DOCTYPE? Which one do I use?

According to HTML standards, each HTML document begins with a DOCTYPE declaration that
specifies which version of HTML the document uses. Many browsers use the document’s DOCTYPE
declaration to determine whether to use a stricter, more standards-oriented layout mode, or to use
a “quirks” layout mode that attempts to emulate older, buggy browsers.

8. Can I nest tables within tables?

Yes, a table can be embedded inside a cell in another table. The main caveat about nested tables is
that older versions of Netscape Navigator have problems with them if you don’t explicitly close you
TR, TD, and TH elements. To avoid problems, include closing tags for you TR, TD, an TH even
though the HTML specifications don’t require them.

9. How do you align a table to the right (or left)?

You use the <table align=”right”> property to float a table to the right. Put left in place of right to
float right.
10. How can I use tables to structure forms?
Small forms are sometimes placed within a TD element within a table. This can be useful for
positioning a form relative to other content, but it doesn’t help position the form-related elements
relative to each other. The table must be within the form and then use the table to position the form
elements.

11. How do I open a link into a new window?

Add target=”_blank” to your link syntax.

12. What is an Empty HTML Tag?

Empty HTML tags are tags that do not need to be closed when one is creating a HTML document.
Example: br (<br / )

13.What are Cascading Style Sheets?

Called (CSS) is a list of statements (or rules) that can assign various rendering properties to HTML
elements. Style rules can be specified for a single element occurrence, multiple elements, and entire
document, or even multiple documents at once.

14. What is class?

A group of instances of the same element to which a unique style can be attached.

15. What is grouping?

Gathering into a comma separated list two or more selectors that share the same style or into a
semicolon separated list two or more declarations that are attached to the same selector.

16. What is ID selector?

ID selector is an individually identified (named) selector to which a specific style is declared. Using
the ID attribute, the declared style can then be associated with one and only one HTML element per
document as to differentiate it from all the other elements. They use the # character followed by a
name.

17. What is contextual selector?

A contextual selector addresses a specific occurrence of an element. It is a string of individual
selectors separated by white space, a search pattern, where only the last element in the pattern is
addressed providing it matches the specified context. Example: “ td li {color: red} “

18. What does \ABCD (and \ABCDE) mean?

CSS allows Unicode characters to be entered by number. For example, if a class value in some
Russian document contains Cyrillic letters EL PE (Unicode numbers 041B and 041F) and you want
to write a style rule for that class, you can put that letter into the style sheet by writing:
.\041B\041F {font-style: italic;}
This works on all keyboards, so you don’t need a Cyrillic keyboard to write class names in Russian
or another language that uses that script.

19. What are the advantages of various style methods?

- Can control styles for multiple documents at once.
- Classes can be created for use on multiple HTML element types in many documents.
- Selector and grouping methods can be used to apply styles under complex contexts.
20. What are the disadvantages of various style methods?
- An extra download is required to import style information for each document.
- The rendering of the document may be delayed until the external style sheet is loaded.

21. What are the advantages of Embedded Style Sheet?

- Classes can be created for use on multiple tag types in the document.
- Selector and grouping methods can be used to apply styles under complex contexts
- No additional downloads necessary to receive style information.

22. What are the disadvantages of Inline Style

- Does not distance style information from content.
- Cannot control styles for multiple documents at once.
- Author cannot create or control classes of elements to control multiple element types within the
document.
- Selector grouping methods cannot be used to create complex element addressing scenarios.

23.What is property?
Property is a stylistic parameter (attribute) that can be influenced through CSS, e.g. font or width.
There must always be a corresponding value or values set to each property.

24. What is the CSS clear property?

The clear property specifies which sides of an element where other floating elements are not
allowed.
- This method cannot control styles for multiple documents at once.

25. What are the advantages of Inline Style

- Useful for small quantities of style definitions.
- Can override other style specification methods at the local level so only exceptions need to be
listed in conjunction with other style methods.

26.What are the necessities of using HTML forms?

1. Gathering user information
2. Conducting Surveys
3. Interactive services

27. What are the sequences of steps for each HTTP request from a client to the server?
1. Making the connection
2. Making a request
3. The response
4. Closing the connection

28.What is XML?
XML stands for EXtensible Markup Language
XML is a markup language much like HTML
XML was designed to carry data, not to display data
XML tags are not predefined. You must define your own tags
XML is designed to be self-descriptive
XML is a W3C Recommendation
29. What are the Difference Between XML and HTML
XML is not a replacement for HTML.
XML and HTML were designed with different goals:
XML was designed to transport and store data, with focus on what data is
HTML was designed to display data, with focus on how data looks
HTML is about displaying information, while XML is about carrying information.

30. What are the advantages of XML

· It is a platform independent language.
· It is as easy as HTML.
· XML is fully compatible with applications like JAVA, and it can be combined with any
application which is capable of processing XML irrespective of the platform it is being used on.
· XML is an extremely portable language to the extent that it can be used on large networks
with multiple platforms like the internet, and it can be used on handhelds or palmtops or PDAs.
· XML is an extendable language, meaning that you can create your own tags, or use the tags
which have already been created.
· It can be deployed on any network if it is amicable for usage with the application in use.
· If the application can work along with XML, then XML can work on any platform and has no
boundaries.
· It is also vendor independent and system independent. While data is being exchanged using
XML, there will be no loss of data even between systems that use totally different formats.

31. How to open an XML file?

To open an XML file for editing and re-formatting, you can use any text editor or notepad++,
highlighting the syntax, which could be useful in differentiating syntax and other background work.
Opening the XML file in windows:
Right click the .XML file
Choose ‘open with.’
Select your desired editor
Opening the XML file in mac os:
A single click on the .XML file in Finder
Press spacebar

32. What is XML used for?

Extensible Markup Language (XML) is used to describe data.

33. How to convert XML to excel?

Step 1: Open Microsoft Excel
Step 2: Click on ‘file’ on the top left corner of MS Excel. If you are using MS Excel version 2007, click
on the MS Office logo.
Step 3: You will land on the ‘open’ tab; if not, select the ‘open’ tab. Click ‘browse’ for the MS Excel
version of 2010 and above.
Step 4: Double click on the XML file you want to export into MS Excel.
Step 5: Select ‘Open the file without applying a style sheet’ to select the standard format, or ‘Open
the file with the stylesheet applied’ to format the data in accordance with the style sheet.
Step 6: Click on ‘save as’ and select ‘Excel Workbook’ from the drop-down menu.
Step 7: Save the file!

34. How to comment in XML?

<!– Write your comment here –>
The above syntax is used as a comment in XML, and these comments don’t show up on the screen.

35.Which is a valid string name in XML?

Element names must start with a letter or underscore. Element names cannot begin with the letters
XML (or XML, or XML, etc.) Element names can contain letters, digits, hyphens, underscores, and
periods. Element names cannot contain spaces.

36.What is the name of the python 2.x library to parse XML data?
XML.etree.ElementTree

37.How to get attribute value in XML using php?

<?php
$XML=simpleXML_Load_file(“saleslist.XML”) or die(“Error: cannot create object”);
for ($x=0; $x<6; $x++)
echo $XML — > book[$x] — > title[‘bookname’] . “<br>”;
?>
saleslist.XML – is the name of the file we are calling using PHP.
bookname – is the item we are calling for output.
Here, x is the attribute.

38.List the differences between XML DTD and XML schema or XSD.
DTD XSD
Stands for Document Type Definition. Stands for XML Schema.
Derived from SGML syntax. Written in XML.
Doesn’t support datatypes. Supports data types for elements and attributes.
Doesn’t support namespace. Supports namespace.

39. What is element and attribute in an XML document? Define with example.
Element in XML:
Element in XML has starting and ending tags, which also holds text, pictures and attributes.
Example:
<name>The Great Learning</name>
Attribute in XML :
Attributes in XML must be quoted, such as text strings and URLs. Other values such as images,
heights and font size give the desired results regardless of the quotation.
Example :
<person gender=”female”> or <person gender=’male’>
Attribute in XML can use both single and double quotes in a specific element in any combination.
Example :
<flower name=”lotus” ‘rose’ ‘lily’>

40.What do you mean by XML data binding? Why is it used?

XML data binding refers to the reading and writing of XML data using a programming language.
XML data binding usually occurs using a class library (like C++, Java ), specifically for the given XML
data format.
With XML data binding, applications can directly access the required data with the XML file’s
created APIs instead of relying on the Document Object Model (DOM) to retrieve the data from the
XML file.

41.Explain XMLReader class.

XMLReader is read-only access to a set of XML data in an XML file or document; this process is less
memory-consuming. It lets you run through the XML content one element at a time while allowing
you to look at the value and then moves on to the next element.

42.Is XML case sensitive?

Yes, XML is both case-sensitive and case-insensitive. XML tags, Attribute names, Attribute values
are case sensitive.
But certain enumerations are case insensitive in XML, such as the use of XSLT.

43.What do you mean by XML Namespace?

XML Namespace is used to provide unique named elements and attributes in an XML document.
When you create a Namespace for the first time, it should be in URI format.

44.What is SGML?
SGML stands for Standard Generalized Markup Language, which is a standard for defining markup
languages for documents. SGML has the advantage of not being dependent on any specific
application. SGML comes from GML, which stands for Generalized Markup Language, allowing users
to work on standardised formatting styles.
Standard generalised markup language has two features:
Descriptive Markup
Document Types

45.What is the structure of XML?

XML documents have a hierarchical tree structure, called an XML tree. XML documents must
contain a root element (one that is the parent of all other elements). All elements in an XML
document can have sub-elements, text and attributes.
Is XML case sensitive?
Yes, XML is both case-sensitive and case-insensitive. XML tags, Attribute names, Attribute values
are case sensitive.
But certain enumerations are case insensitive in XML, such as the use of XSLT.
46.What do you mean by XML Namespace?
XML Namespace is used to provide unique named elements and attributes in an XML document.
When you create a Namespace for the first time, it should be in URI format.

47.What is the structure of XML?

48. How can you apply a DTD to an XML document?

To apply a DTD to an XML document, you can:
Use the DTD element definition within the XML document itself.
Provide a DTD as a separate file and reference its name in XML document.

49. Difference between the variables in which chomp function work ?

Scalar: It is denoted by $ symbol. Variable can be a number or a string.
Array: Denoted by @ symbol prefix. Arrays are indexed by numbers.
The namespace for these types of variables is different. For Example: @add, $add. The scalar
variables are in one table of names or namespace and it can hold single specific information at a
time and array variables are in another table of names or namespace. Scalar variables can be either
a number or a string

50. In Perl we can show the warnings using some options in order to reduce or avoid the errors.
What are that options?
-The -w Command-line option: It will display the list if warning messages regarding the code.
– strict pragma: It forces the user to declare all variables before they can be used using the my()
function.
– Using the built-in debugger: It allows the user to scroll through the entire program line by line.

51. Does Perl have objects? If yes, then does it force you to use objects? If no, then why?
Yes, Perl has objects and it doesn’t force you to use objects. Many object oriented modules can be
used without understanding objects. But if the program is too large then it is efficient for the
programmer to make it object oriented.

52.Can we load binary extension dynamically?

Yes, we can load binary extension dynamically but your system supports that. If it doesn’t support,
then you can statically compile the extension.

53.In Perl, there are some arguments that are used frequently. What are that arguments and what
do they mean?
-w (argument shows warning)
-d (use for debug)
-c (which compile only not run)
-e (which executes)
We can also use combination of these like:
-wd

54. How many types of primary data structures in Perl and what do they mean?
The scalar: It can hold one specific piece of information at a time (string, integer, or reference). It
starts with dollar $ sign followed by the Perl identifier and Perl identifier can contain alphanumeric
and underscores. It is not allowed to start with a digit. Arrays are simply a list of scalar variables.
Arrays:
Arrays begin with @ sign. Example of array:
my @arrayvar = ("string a", "string b "string c");
Associative arrays: It also frequently called hashes, are the third major data type in Perl after
scalars and arrays. Hashes are named as such because they work very similarly to a common data
structure that programmers use in other languages–hash tables. However, hashes in Perl are
actually a direct language supported data type.

55. Which functions in Perl allows you to include a module file or a module and what is the
difference between them?
“use”
The method is used only for the modules (only to include .pm type file)
The included objects are verified at the time of compilation.
We don’t need to specify the file extension.
loads the module at compile time.
“require”
The method is used for both libraries and modules.
The included objects are verified at the run time.
We need to specify the file Extension.
Loads at run-time.
suppose we have a module file as “Module.pm”
use Module;
or
require “Module.pm”;
(will do the same)

56. Which guidelines by Perl modules must be followed?

Below are guidelines and are not mandatory
The name of the package should always begin with a capital letter.
The entire file name should have the extension “.pm”.
In case no object oriented technique is used the package should be derived from the Exporter class.
Also if no object oriented techniques are used the module should export its functions and variables
to the main namespace using the @EXPORT and @EXPOR_OK arrays (the use directive is used to
load the modules).
57. How the interpreter is used in Perl?
Every Perl program must be passed through the Perl interpreter in order to execute. The first line
in many Perl programs is something like:
#!/usr/bin/perl
The interpreter compiles the program internally into a parse tree. Any words, spaces, or marks
after a pound symbol will be ignored by the program interpreter. After converting into parse tree,
interpreter executes it immediately. Perl is commonly known as an interpreted language, is not
strictly true. Since the interpreter actually does convert the program into byte code before
executing it, it is sometimes called an interpreter/compiler. Although the compiled form is not
stored as a file.

58. Where the command line arguments are stored and if you want to read command-line
arguments with Perl, how would you do that?
The command line arguments in Perl are stored in an array @ARGV.
$ARGV[0] (the first argument)
$ARGV[1] (the second argument) and so on.
$#ARGV is the subscript of the last element of the @ARGV array, so the number of arguments on the
command line is $#ARGV + 1

59. What is the use of -w, -t and strict in Perl?

When we use –w, it gives warnings about the possible interpretation errors in the script.
Strict tells Perl to force checks on the definition and usage of variables. This can be invoked using
the use strict command. If there are any unsafe or ambiguous commands in the script, this pragma
stops the execution of the script instead of just giving warnings.
When used –t, it switches on taint checking. It forces Perl to check the origin of variables where
outside variables cannot be used in sub shell executions and system calls

60. List the data types that Perl can handle?

Scalars ($): It stores a single value.
Arrays (@): It stores a list of scalar values.
Hashes (%): It stores associative arrays which use a key value as index instead of numerical indexes

61. List the prefix dereferencer in Perl.

$-Scalar variables
%-Hash variables
@-arrays
&-subroutines
Type globs-*myvar stands for @myvar, %myvar.
62. What are the advantages of c over Perl?
There are more development tools for C than for PERL. PERL execute slower than C programs. Perl
appears to be an interpreted language but the code is complied on the fly. If you don’t want others
to use your Perl code you need to hide your code somehow unlike in C. Without additional tools it is
impossible to create an executable of a Perl program.
63. How can you call a subroutine and identify a subroutine?
‘&myvariable’ is used to call a sub-routine and ‘&’ is used to identify a sub-routine.

64. List the operator used in Perl?

Operators used in Perl are
String Concatenation ‘.’
Comparison Operators ==, !=, >,< , >=
Logical Operators &&, ll , !
Assignment Operators + = ,- + , *=
Increment and decrement Operators ++ ,-
Arithmetic Operators +, – ,*

65. Explain which feature of PERL provides code reusability?

To provide code re-usability in PERL inheritance feature is used. In Inheritance, the child class can
use the methods and property of the parent class.

66. Mention the difference between die and exit in Perl?

Die will print a message to the std err before ending the program while Exit will simply end up the
program.

67. Explain what is the scalar data and scalar variables in Perl?
Scalar in Perl means a single entity like a number or string. So, the Java concept of int, float, double
and string equals to perls scalar and the numbers and strings are exchangeable. While scalar
variable is used to store scalar data. It uses $ sign and followed by one or more alphanumeric
characters or underscore. It is a case sensitive.

68. What does -> symbol indicates in Perl?

In Perl, the arrow – > symbol is used to create or access a particular object of a class.
Explain what is STDIN, STDOUT and STDERR?
STDIN: The STDIN file handle is used to read from the keyboard
STDOUT: It is used to write into the screen or another program
STDERR: It is also used to write into a screen. STDERR is a standard error stream that is used in
Perl.

69.Explain Echo?
The echo can take more than one string for output and return 1.

70. What is the trim() function?

It removes the predefined characters and white space from two sides of the string.

71. What ways can we retrieve data? On the result sets of MySql using PHP?
There are four ways to retrieve and they are
mysql_fetch_row
mysql_fetch_assoc
mysql_fetch_array
mysql_fetch_object

72. What is the limitation of print?

The Print can take only one argument as the parameter.

73. What is an in_array() function?

This function scans the complete array to find a specific value.

74. What are the uses of count() function in PHP?

This function is used in counting all the elements in the array.

75. How can we include the file to the PHP page?

We could include the file to the PHP page using a require() or include() function with the file path
as their parameter.

76.How do you create a Database using MySQL and PHP?

We can create the MySQL Database by using mysql_create_db (“Database Name”)

77.List three features of MySQL?

MySQL is easy and reliable for use. MySQL supports various programming languages like PHP, Java,
Perl, and C++. MySQL supports standard SQL that means (Structured Query Language). These types
of PHP and MySQL Interview Questions for fresher in an Interview.
An unset() function sets variable to “undefined”.

78.What are the three main error types?

Fatal
E-Notices
E-Warnings

79.How will you get an IP address for a client?

$_SERVER[“REMOTE_ADDR”];

80.How do you stop the execution of the PHP Script?

By using Exit(); function.
81. What are the Consonants in PHP?
-FILE- -LINE- -CLASS- -METHOD- -FUNCTION-

82. What are the uses of PHP?

It can gather the data from files, save those data to a file and also we can send those data through
email. One could delete, add, and modify elements within the database by using PHP.We can access
the cookies variables.

83. List the pro features of PHP MySQL?

Data Security
On-Demand Scalability
High Performance
Round-the-clock
Complete Workflow Control
Flexibility on Open Source
Comprehensive Transactional Support

84. Define Static Websites.

The content of a Static Website could not be changed once if we run the scripts. Also, we can’t
change anything on this site as they are predefined.

85. What are Dynamic Websites?

The scripts of the Dynamic websites could be changed at run time. The content is regenerated
constantly after the user’s visit or reloads.

86. How do you stop executing a PHP Script?

exit(); function.

87. What is an isset () function?

It is used for checking whether the variable is set and if it is not null.

88. What is the way to destroy the variable or object?

Unset() function.

89. What are the various types of triggers that are possible in MySQL?
Before Insert
After Insert
Before Delete
After Delete
Before Update
After Update

90. Differentiate between HTML and PHP?

HTML is the language that is used in describing the browser to display the text and objects in the
browser window. HTML mostly works on client computers and they are not a programming
language. Whereas PHP is a scripting language and it could be used in creating web pages that are
written in HTML.
91. What is Ajax?
Ajax is abbreviated as Asynchronous Javascript and XML. It is new technique used to create better,
faster and more interactive web systems or applications. Ajax uses asynchronous data transfer
between the Browser and the web server.
This technique is used to make internet faster and user friendly. It is not a programming language.

92. What are Ajax applications?

Browser based applications and platform independent applications are used by Ajax.

93. What are all the controls of Ajax?

Following are the controls of Ajax:
ScriptManager
ScriptManagerProxy
UpdatePanel
UpdateProgress
Timer

94. What is the name of the DLL that contains Ajax control tool kit?
Ajaxcontroltoolkit.dll is the DLL used for Ajax control tool kit and it can be downloaded from the
internet. It can be added in the tool box or copied directly in the bin folder.

95. How to control the duration of an Ajax request?

AsyncPostBackTimeout property is used to control the duration of Ajax request. Deafult value of
this property is 90 seconds.
Example –
<asp:ScriptManager runat="server" id="sample" AsyncPostBackTimeout="40"/>

96. What are the advantages of Ajax?

Following are the advantages of Ajax:
Bandwidth utilization – It saves memory when the data is fetched from the same page.
More interactive
Speeder retrieval of data

97. What are the disadvantages of Ajax?

Following are the disadvantages of Ajax:
AJAX is dependent on Javascript. If there is some Javascript problem with the browser or in the OS,
Ajax will not support
Ajax can be problematic in Search engines as it uses Javascript for most of its parts.
Source code written in AJAX is easily human readable. There will be some security issues in Ajax.
Debugging is difficult
Increases size of the requests
Slow and unreliable network connection.
Problem with browser back button when using AJAX enabled pages.

98. Which are the two methods used for cross domain Ajax calls?
There are two methods used to transfer data between the two more more security domains:
CORS – Cross Origin Resource Sharing and it works with the HTTP web browsers
JSONP – JSON with Padding which works with the HTTP GET and on legacy browsers

99. What are all the technologies used by Ajax?

AJAX uses following technologies:
JavaScript
XMLHttpRequest
Document Object Model (DOM)
Extensible HTML (XHTML)
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

100. What are all the features of Ajax?

Following are the features of Ajax and they are as follows:
Live data binding
Client-side template rendering
Declarative instantiation of client components
Observer pattern on JavaScript objects and arrays
Invoking ADO.NET data services and data contexts
DataView control

101. How can AJAX applications be debugged?

Two tools are used for debugging:
Fiddler for IE
Firebug for Mozilla.

102. How can we cancel the XMLHttpRequest in AJAX?

Abort() method can be called to cancel the XMLHttpRequest in Ajax.

103. Is AJAX code cross browser compatible?

No, it is supporting cross browser compatible. If the browsers supports native XMLHttpRequest
JavaScript object, then this can be used.

104. What is the name of object used for AJAX request?

XmlHttpRequest object is used for Ajax requests.

105. What are the protocols used by Ajax?

HTTP’s GET or POST
XMLHttpRequest for placing a request with the web server
Uses JSON to communicate between the client and server
UED or URL encoded data

106. What are all the security issues of Ajax?

Security issues that can be encountered
When Ajax calls are sent through plain text and it may lead to know the database details
Inserting scripts can also be possible and attackers can easily penetrate into the system

107. How can we handle concurrent requests?

Javascript functions should be written to handle concurrent requests and call back function can be
passed as a parameter. Those parameters are passed to AjaxInteraction(URL, callback) object.

108. How can we handle exception handling in Ajax?

ErrorTemplate which is the child tag of Script Manager is used to handle exception handling in Ajax.

109. What are the components of the ASP.NET Ajax Client Library?
Following components are used in Ajax client library:
Component Layer
Core Services Layer
Browser Compatibility Layer

110. What are the controls of the Script Management group?

The controls of script Management group are:
ScriptManager
ScriptManagerProxy

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