CHAPTER 8 DIALOG PROGRAMMING

1. What is dialog programming?

Module pool programming is a special type of programming which is used to create
custom SAP screens. Transaction code for creating module pool program is SE80. There
are four events in Module pool programming.
Module pool programs are also called dialog programs. The module Pool are reports
prepared for different screens and to manage the sequence of events of these screens,
in the transaction SE80 you can see all the dynpros that you have for this kind of report,
add new ones, add all types of element to the report.
Module pool programs does not executed in Background mode, Because Module pool
programs must have a Transaction code for execute in foreground also, does not
execute without transaction code..these transaction codes can not provide in background
mode
2. What are the events used in dialog programming?

Process Before Output (PBO)

Process After Input (PAI)
Process on Value Request (POV)
Process on Help Request (POH)
3. Explain the events used in dialog programming.
Module pool events are:
PBO: Process before Output. It is triggered before displaying the selection
screen.
PAI: Process After Input. It is triggered after giving the input to the fields. ...
POV: Process on Value Request. It is used for F4 help. ...
POH: Process on Help Request. ...
4. Describe the components of dialog programming.

The basic components are:

 Transaction code- The transaction code starts an ABAP program from its initial
screen. It can be created via Maintain Transaction (SE93) or ABAP Workbench
(SE80) itself.
 ABAP program - An ABAP program is the main program that contains all the other
components such as selection screen, GUI status, GUI title, screen flow logic and
dynpro. It can be created via ABAP Editor (SE38) / ABAP Workbench (SE80).
 Selection screen - Selection screen is the initial screen a user will see to key in inputs
upon executing a program for e.g. executing a transaction code. We can define a
selection screen via ABAP Editor (SE38) / ABAP Workbench (SE80).
 GUI status - Each screen requires a GUI status, which defines the menu bar, standard
toolbar, application toolbar and function keys. It can be created via ABAP Workbench
 (SE80), using the Menu Painter. Right click on program name and go to Create →
GUI Status.
 GUI title - Each screen requires a title, which can be set via GUI title and created via
ABAP Workbench (SE80), using the Menu Painter. Right click on program name and
go to Create → GUI Titles.
 Screen flow logic - The screen flow logic is the procedural part of a screen. It
contains four event blocks for the screen events PBO, PAI, POH and POV.
 Dynpro - Dynpro is a screen with screen elements such as container, label, text input
and etc. It can be created using Screen Painter. Please bear in mind to create dynpros
with Responsive Dialog Screen

5. How is a screen processed?

Screens can be created using the Screen Painter in the ABAP Workbench. A
screen consists of a screen mask and its flow logic. Since the flow logic
influences the program flow, screens are also referred to as "dynamic
programs".
Four type of screen are there:
 Selection screen.
 Subscreen.
 Model Dialog box ( pop up)
 Normal screen.

6. How can users interact with a screen?

User Actions on Screens
1. Choosing a pushbutton on the screen.
2. Selecting a checkbox or radio button to which a function code is assigned.
3. Choosing a function in the menu, standard toolbar, or application toolbar.
4. Choosing a function key on the keyboard.
5. Selecting an entry from a drop down box.

7. How is an ABAP dialog module called?

The ABAP program contains the dialog modules that are called by the screen
flow logic, and also process the user input from the GUI status.

8. Which function is used to modify a screen dynamically?

The SAP System contains a function called field selection, which allows you to change the
attributes of screens dynamically.

9. What is Screen Painter?

The Screen Painter is a ABAP Workbench tool that allows you to create screens for your
transactions. You use it both to create the screen itself, with fields and other graphical
elements, and to write the flow logic behind the screen.
10. What is Menu Painter?

The Menu Painter is one of the tools of the ABAP Workbench. You use it to design user
interfaces for your ABAP programs and to define the functions that you want to use within
these interfaces.
11. What is Dynpro?

Dynpro (sometimes also known as a screen) is an abbreviation for "dynamic program". A

dynpro is a repository object and is always a component of an ABAP program. It consists of
the screen with its screen elements and the dynpro flow logic. Dynpro fields are assigned to
the screen elements.
12.What are the steps to create a screen?

Creating a Screen
1. Start the Object Navigator (transaction SE80) and navigate to the program for
which you want to create a screen.
2. In the Screen Number field, enter a screen number.
3. Choose Create.
4. Define the screen attributes. For more information, see Maintaining Screen
Attributes.
5. Save and activate the screen.
13. Describe screen attributes.
Screen Attributes
--A normal screen occupies a whole GUI window.
--Modal dialog boxes only cover a part of a GUI window. Their interface elements are also
arranged differently. ...
--A subscreen is a screen that you can display in a subscreen area on a different screen in the
same ABAP program.
14. What are screen elements?

screen elements are objects that represent elements displayed in the user interfaces of the
applications you want to control through your automation project.

15. Describe the various screen elements.

Screen Elements
 Text Fields. Text fields provide labels for other elements and are non-
modifiable. ...
 Input/Output Fields. You use input/output fields (sometimes called templates)
for entering and displaying data. ...
 Dropdown List Boxes. ...
 Checkbox Elements. ...
 Radio Button Elements. ...
 Pushbutton Elements. ...
 Boxes. ...
 Tabstrip Controls.
16. How do you create and display input help?

The main input help available from the ABAP Dictionary is in the form of search helps. Search helps are

independent Repository objects that you create using the ABAP Dictionary. They are used to present input

help for screen fields. You can link search helps to table fields and data elements. As well as search helps,

you can still, in exceptional cases, use check tables, fixed values, or static input help.

Input Help Methods

 Search helps

There are two kinds of search helps: elementary and collective. An elementary search

help represents a search path. It defines the location of the data for the hit list, how values are

exchanged between the screen and the selection method, and the user dialog that occurs when

the user chooses input help. A collective search help consists of two or more elementary search

helps. A collective search help combines all the search paths that are meaningful for a field. The

collective search help is the interface between the screen and the various elementary search

helps.

 Check tables

The ABAP Dictionary allows you to define relationships between tables using foreign keys. A

dependent table is called a foreign key table, and the referenced table is called the check table.

Each key field of the check table corresponds to a field in the foreign key table. These fields are

called foreign key fields. One of the foreign key fields is designated as the check field for checking

the validity of values. The key fields of the check table can serve as input help for the check field.

 Fixed values

You can restrict the values that a domain in the ABAP Dictionary may take by assigning fixed

values to it. The fixed values can be used as input help for the fields that are defined using that
 domain. However, the value table of a domain is not used for input help. It is only used as a default

value for the check tables of the fields that refer to the domain.

 Static input help

Fields with the types DATS and TIMS have their own predefined calendar and clock help that can

be used as input help.

17. How are screen sequences defined?

The actual sequence of screens is defined by setting the next screen for each screen in the
chain. The attributes of every screen in the Screen Painter contain a statically-defined next
screen. This forms a static screen sequence .
18. How can a screen be used to leave a program?

In a program, you can use one of the two following ABAP statements to leave a
screen: LEAVE SCREEN. LEAVE TO SCREEN Next Screen . The LEAVE SCREEN statement ends
the current screen and calls the subsequent screen.
19. How are sequences of screens called?
In executable programs, the screen sequence is controlled by events, which occur in a fixed
order.
The major difference between the program flow of an executable program and a dialog program is
that, in a dialog program, you can program screens to appear in any sequence you want. In executable
programs, the screen sequence is controlled by events, which occur in a fixed order. In a dialog program,
the programmer is free to program any sequence of screens, and the user can affect the program flow by
his or her actions.

20. What are messages?

Messages are texts that are created using a message maintenance (transaction SE91) and
stored in the system table T100. In ABAP programs, the statement MESSAGE is the main
element for using messages
21. How are messages sent?

???

22. How many variants are there in the MESSAGE statement?

Valid message types are A, E, I, S, W, and X. The abbreviations stand for termination (abort)
message, error message, information message, status message, warning, and exit
 23. Explain the various message types.

Message Types

Message Type Message Message will be displayed in / on:

S Status Status line of the next screen

W Warning Status line

E Error Status line or dialog box

A Termination Dialog box

24. How do you process a message without a screen?

???

25. How do you process a message in a screen?

26. How do you process a message on selection screens?

??

27. How do you maintain transaction codes?

In the ABAP Workbench, you can maintain transaction codes by using the Object Navigator
or by choosing Development → Other tools → Transactions. To create a transaction code: In
the Object Navigator, choose Workbench → Edit Object.

28. How do you create transactions codes?

The steps to create a transactin are:
1. Goto transaction SE93.
2. Give the name of the transaction and Click on CREATE.
3. Give the transaction desciption ot Short text.
4. Select radio button Program and Selection screen(report transaction)
5. Give the report name in Program column.
29. How do you set the GUI status?
The GUI status is defined using Menu Painter(SE41). Application toolbar. Enter Screen
Program Name & GUI Status Name Starts with 'Z'. Click on Create.
https://abap4help.blogspot.com/2020/05/gui-status-gui-title-dialog-program-sap.html

30. How do you set the GUI title?

In the context menu of the relevant program, choose Create → GUI Titles. A dialog box
appears. Enter a title code. A title code can be up to 20 characters long.
https://abap4help.blogspot.com/2020/05/gui-status-gui-title-dialog-program-sap.html
31. Describe the function codes of the standard toolbar.

https://help.sap.com/docs/sap_gui_for_windows/63bd20104af84112973ad59590645513
/cc0b81d35895470594f7230790f23304.html
32. Describe the function codes of the application toolbar.
function code are values that are returned by clicking any button in ur application tool bar or
button in module-pools programme These vales are compared against sy-ucomm in addition
there is one table that stores function code into of standard SAP program table name is -
"RSMPTEXTS".
33. How do you find the cursor position?

To find out the cursor position, use the following statement: GET CURSOR FIELD f [OFFSET
off] [LINE lin] [VALUE val] [LENGTH len]. This statement transfers the name of the screen
element on which the cursor is positioned during a user action into the variable f .

34. How are conditional modules called?

Conditional module calls can also increase the performance, particularly with modules that
communicate with database tables. You can ensure that a PAI module is only called when a
certain condition applies by using the following statement: FIELD f MODULE mod ON INPUT|
REQUEST|*-INPUT.

35. Define input checks and their types.

Input Checks

Use

It is normally necessary to check user input for validity and consistency. There are three
kinds of input checks on screens:
Automatic Input Checks
Automatic input checks are called in the PAI event before data is transported back to the
ABAP program and before dialog modules are called.
Checking Input in the Screen Flow Logic
Input checks in the flow logic can be performed before you call dialog modules.
Input Checks in Dialog Modules
These input checks are programmed in PAI modules. If the user enters an incorrect value,
you can make input fields ready for input again without repeating the PBO processing.
36. What are the various fields of automatic input checks?

???

37. How do you check the values of screen fields?

Screen fields are fields in the working memory of a screen. Their contents are passed to
identically-named fields in the ABAP program in the PAI event, and filled from the same
identically-named fields in the program in the PBO event.

You can get the screen fiield values by identifying the Program and screen field name . Press
F1 on the fiield -> Technical Info -> Here you can identify the program name , screen number
and screen field name
38. What are the input checks available in a dialog module?

https://help.sap.com/docs/SAP_NETWEAVER_AS_ABAP_752/
f68e489816e043f1add91d69a6842931/4a43a2d65a503f04e10000000a421937.html
39. How are attributes set dynamically?

??

40. What is a tabstrip control?

A tabstrip control is a screen element that is made up of multiple tab pages. Every tab page
contains a one line tab title associated with a function code and which can be used to select
the tab page by clicking once. Under the tab title, a tab page is made up of a subscreen
area.

What is the difference between TabStrip and table control?

Table control is a replica of a table present in the database on the screen . Use of Tabstrip in
SAP : You esp. use tabstrip control when you want to display many subscreens together in
one area ion your main screen
41. How do you create a tabstrip control?

Creating a Tabstrip Control

--Define the tabstrip area.
--Define the tab titles.
--Define and assign a subscreen area.
--Program the flow logic. Note. For more information about creating a tabstrip control in the
alphanumeric mode of the Screen Painter, see Creating Tabstrip Controls in Alphanumeric
Mode .
42. What are the different forms of the LOOP statement?

Types of Loops in ABAP

 WHILE Loop. The WHILE loop keeps running as long as a specific condition
remains true. ...
 Do Loop. The Do loop is designed to execute at least once and then checks a
condition to determine whether it should continue iterating. ...
 Nested Loops.
43. How are dialog transactions created?

To create a dialog transaction, use transaction SE93 (Transaction Maintenance) or the Object
Navigator. In the Object Navigator, choose Workbench → Edit Object. The Object Selection
dialog screen appears. Choose the tab More and enter the name of the transaction you want
to create in the Transaction field.
44. How are report transactions created?

https://help.sap.com/docs/
SAP_NETWEAVER_700/12aa7f056c531014aa5bca7aee037e55/430f4c879f2d6f41e10000000a42203
5.html

45. How are object-oriented transactions created?

To create an OO transaction, use transaction SE93 (Transaction Maintenance) or the Object

Navigator. 1. In the Object Navigator, choose Workbench → Edit Object. The Object
Selection dialog screen appears.
46. Define variant transactions, and also give the steps to create one.
To create a variant transaction, proceed as follows:
1. Choose Goto → Create vari. trans. from the initial transaction variant
maintenance screen.
2. Enter a transaction name and corresponding short text. Transaction type
Variant transaction is already set. ...
3. Save your entries.
47. How are parameter transactions created?

To create a parameter transaction, use transaction SE93 (Transaction

Maintenance) or the Object Navigator.
1. In the Object Navigator, choose Workbench ® Edit Object. ...
2. Choose the tab More and enter the name of the transaction you want to
create in the Transaction field.
3. Choose with the quick info text Create.