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Lesson 4 Memory

The document discusses different types of computer memory including RAM, ROM, SIMM, DIMM, RIMM, and SO-DIMM. It describes the characteristics of each type such as voltage, pin count, and speed. RAM is volatile memory used for temporary storage while powered on, and ROM is non-volatile memory used for permanent storage of basic instructions.

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lodelyn caguillo
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11 views5 pages

Lesson 4 Memory

The document discusses different types of computer memory including RAM, ROM, SIMM, DIMM, RIMM, and SO-DIMM. It describes the characteristics of each type such as voltage, pin count, and speed. RAM is volatile memory used for temporary storage while powered on, and ROM is non-volatile memory used for permanent storage of basic instructions.

Uploaded by

lodelyn caguillo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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WHAT IS A COMPUTER MEMORY?

Computer Memory - is a storage device that temporarily stores data for use by a computer.

2 Types of Memory
1. RAM (Random Access Memory)
2. ROM (Read Only Memory)

RAM (Random Access Memory) – it is the primary memory that the CPU uses when processing
information. It is used for temporary storage of program data. A computer’s RAM is build
from small circuit board called Memory Module. RAM is volatile memory, which means that
the contents are erased when the computer is powered off.

4 TYPES OF MEMORY MODULE

1. SIMM (Single Inline Memory Module)

- SIMM comes in 2 size, 30-pin and 72-pin. The 30-pin SIMMS usually came with small
amounts of memory (smaller than 8 MB), while 72-pin SIMMS range from 8MB to 64 MB.

30 pin SIMM Memory Module


72 pin SIMM Memory Module

2. DIMM (Dual Inline Memory Module)

- DIMM is a newer design memory module with a 64-bit memory pathway. Below are different
types of DIMM:

SD-RAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) comes in DIMM format with 168-pins and
run at 3.3 volts.

Module Name Memory Clock (MHz) Clock Speed

PC66 66 15
PC100 100 10
PC133 133 7.5

168 pin SDRAM Memory Module

DDR-RAM (Double data rate synchronous dynamic random-access memory ) also comes in DIMM
format. DDR-RAM basically doubles the rate of data transfer of standard SD-RAM.

DDR SDRAM – have 184 pins and operate at 2.5 Volts.

Standard Name Memory Clock (MHz) Cycle Time (ns) Module Name

DDR-200 100 10 PC-1600


DDR-266 133 1/3 7.5 PC-2100
DDR-333 166 2/3 6 PC-2700
DDR-400 200 5 PC-3200

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184 pin DDR Memory Module
DDR2 SDRAM – have 240 pins and operate at 1.8 Volts.

Standard Name Memory Clock (MHz) Cycle Time (ns) Module Name

DDR2-400 100 10 PC2-3200


DDR2-533 133 1/3 7.5 PC2-4200
DDR2-667 166 2/3 6 PC2-5300
DDR2-800 200 5 PC2-6400
DDR2-1066 266 2/3 3 3/4 PC2-8500

240 pin DDR2 Memory Module

DDR3 SDRAM – have 240 pins and operate at 1.5 Volts.

Standard Name Memory Clock (MHz) Cycle Time (ns) Module Name

DDR3-800 100 10 PC3-6400


DDR3-1066 133 1/3 7.5 PC3-8500
DDR3-1333 166 2/3 6 PC3-10600
DDR3-1600 200 5 PC3-12800
DDR3-1866 2331/3 4 2/7 PC3-14900
DDR3-2133 266 2/3 3 3/4 PC3-17000

240 pin DDR3 Memory Module

3. RIMM (RAMBUS Inline Memory Module)


The RIMM is the packaging style used for Rambus RDRAM. It is very similar to DIMM, but
uses different pin settings. RIMMs use only a 16-bit interface but run at higher speeds
than DDR. RDRAM is available only in 184-pin and 232 RIMM packages.

184 pin RAMBUS Memory Module

DDR3 SDRAM(Double Data Rate Three


SDRAM): DDR3 memory reduces 40% power
consumption compared to current DDR2 modules,
allowing for lower operating currents and voltages
(1.5 V, compared to DDR2's 1.8 V or DDR's 2.5 V).
The transfer rate of DDR3 is 800~1600 MT/s.

Comparison of DDR Memory Modules

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Created by :Ivan Anthony P. Talco
4. SO-DIMM (Small Outline Dual In-line Memory Module)

- Is a type of computer memory built using integrated circuits. SO-DIMMs are smaller
alternative to a DIMM, being roughly half the size of regular DIMMs. SO-DIMMs are
often used in systems which have space restrictions such as :
1. Laptops
2. Small footprint PCs (such as those with a Mini-ITX motherboard)
3. High-end upgradable office Printers, and
4. Networking hardware like routers.

Note: These two types of memory are NOT interchangeable.

SODIMM MODULES

EDO 72 pin SODIMM SDRAM 144 pin SODIMM

DDR and DDR2 200 pin SODIMM DDR3 204 pin SODIMM

Comparison of SODIMM Memory Module

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VOLATILE AND NON-VOLATILE MEMORY

Volatile memory

- A volatile memory is a computer memory that requires power to maintain the stored
information. It retains its contents while powered, but when power is interrupted
stored data is immediately lost. Example of a volatile memory is a RAM (Random
Access Memory).

Non-volatile memory

- A non-volatile memory is a computer memory that maintains its content even when
unpowered. An example of non-volatile memory includes ROM (Read Only Memory) and
mechanically addresses systems like hard disk, optical disk, magnetic tapes, etc.

ROM (Read-only memory)


- ROM stores basic instructions for booting the computer and loading the operating
system. ROM chips retain their contents even when the computer is powered down. The
contents cannot be erased, changed, or rewritten by normal means.

The difference between a PROM and a ROM (read-only memory

is that a PROM is manufactured as blank memory, whereas a ROM is programmed during the
manufacturing process. To write data onto a PROM chip, you need a special device called a
PROM programmer or PROM burner.

CAS LATENCY AND RAS LATENCY

Two other memory features are CAS Latency (CAS stands for “Column Access Strobe”) and
RAS Latency (RAS stands for “Row Access Strobe”), which are two ways of measuring
access timing. Both features refer to the number of clock cycles it takes to write or read
a column or row of data off a memory module. CAS Latency is used more than RAS Latency.
Lower values are better than higher ones. For example, CL8 is a little faster than CL9.

Cache Memory

- (pronounced ‘cash’), is a small amount of RAM referred to as static RAM (SRAM),


separate from the main memory, where data can be stored temporarily. The function of
a cache is to speed up data transfer.

- Cache memory, also called CPU memory, is random access memory (RAM) that a computer
microprocessor can access more quickly than it can access regular RAM. This memory is
typically integrated directly with the CPU chip or placed on a separate chip that has a
separate bus interconnect with the CPU.

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Types of ROM

There are different variations on the classic ROM chips which were manufacturer produced and
could not change. The most common are:

Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM)

This type of ROM can be re-programmed by using a special device called a PROM programmer.
Generally, a PROM can only be changed/updated once.

Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM)

This type of ROM can have its contents erased by ultraviolet light and then reprogrammed by an
RPROM programmer. This procedure can be carried out many times; however, the constant erasing
and rewriting will eventually render the chip useless.

Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM)

This type of ROM works in a similar way to Flash memory in that it can its contents can be
'flashed' for erasure ad then written to without having to remove the chip from its
environment. EEPROMs are used to store a computer system's BIOS, and can be updated without
returning the unit to the factory. In many cases, BIOS updates can be carried out by computer
users wishing a BIOS update.
Personal Property of Iloilo Vocational Technical School Inc.
Created by :Ivan Anthony P. Talco

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