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Interfacing glcd with 8051 Contents

In this tutorial, we will see how to interface and graphical LCD(GLCD) with 8051. We
will be interfacing KS0108 controller based JHD12864E display. There are many
displays out there based on KS0108 or compatible display controller. They all work
the same way but make sure to check the datasheet for the pin diagram before doing
the connection.

We will look at the working of the display, the hardware setup and programming with
8051. We have it tested and working on 8051, AVR, PIC and ARM. We have similar
tutorials on these MCUs in respective controller tutorial section.

Unlike a 16 x 2 display, this does not have a character map for ASCII values stored in
its ROM. However, it allows us the flexibility of creating fonts like Arial, times new
roman etc. We could also display bitmap images on it and stretch it little further we
can make GUI's and little animation, but that's for another day. So let's get started.

GLCD Internals And Pinout

Below image shows the internal block diagram of 128x64 GLCD along with its pin
out.
(/wiki/File:GLCD_128x64_BlockDiagram.png) As per the name it has 128pixels on X-
axis and 64-pixels on Y-axis. Further, the X-axis is divided into two parts of 64 pixels
each and controlled by unique controller/driver IC as shown in the above image.
Below table provides the detailed info of all the GLCD pins.

Pin Number Symbol Pin Function

1 VSS Ground

2 VCC +5v

3 VO Contrast adjustment (VO)

4 RS/DI Register Select/Data Instruction. 0:Instruction, 1: Data

5 R/W Read/Write, R/W=0: Write & R/W=1: Read

6 EN Enable. Falling edge triggered

7 D0 Data Bit 0

8 D1 Data Bit 1

9 D2 Data Bit 2

10 D3 Data Bit 3

11 D4 Data Bit 4

12 D5 Data Bit 5

13 D6 Data Bit 6
 14 D7 Data Bit 7/Busy Flag

15 CS1 Chip Select for IC1/PAGE0

16 CS2 Chip Select for IC2/PAGE1

17 RST Reset the LCD module

18 VEE Negative voltage used along with Vcc for brightness control

15 A/LED+ Back-light Anode(+)

16 K/LED- Back-Light Cathode(-)

Page, Line and Cursor Selection

(/wiki/File:GLCD_Pages.png) Lets view the GLCD as a open book with 2pages

constisting of 8lines on each page.
Each line has 64 cursors positions to display data/images.
The required page can be selected using CS1,CS2 pins as shown below.
CS2-CS1:Chip Select Lines
00 = None
01 = Page 0
10 = Page 1
11 = Both Pages

Line Selection
To select the lines we need to send the command/line address to GLCD.
The line address starts from 0xb8 and goes till 0xbf as shown below.
:
 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

1 0 1 1 1 Y2 Y1 Y0

Y2-Y0:Line Selection
000 = Line0 (Address = 0xB8)
001 = Line1 (Address = 0xB9)
010 = Line2 (Address = 0xBA)
011 = Line3 (Address = 0xBB)
100 = Line4 (Address = 0xBC)
101 = Line5 (Address = 0xBD)
110 = Line6 (Address = 0xBE)
111 = Line7 (Address = 0xBF)

Cursor/Char Position
To set the cursor position(0-63) we need to send its address to GLCD.
The cursor positions address starts from 0x40 and goes till 0x7f as shown below.

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

0 1 x5 x4 x3 x2 x1 x0

x5-x0:Line Selection
000000 = Cursor Position 0 (Address = 0x40)
000001 = Cursor Position 1 (Address = 0x41)
000010 = Cursor Position 2 (Address = 0x42)
'
111111 = Cursor Position 63 (Address = 0x7F)

Instruction Set
Below is the complete instruction table.
:
 (/wiki/File:GLCD_InstructionSet.png)

Steps
Steps for Sending Command:

step1: Send the I/P command to LCD.

step2: Select the Control Register by making RS low.
step3: Select Write operation making RW low.
step4: Send a High-to-Low pulse on Enable PIN with some delay_us.

1 /* Function to send the command to LCD */

2 void Glcd_CmdWrite(char cmd)
3 {
4 GlcdDataBus = cmd; //Send the Command
5 RS = 0; // Send LOW pulse on RS pin for selecting Command register
6 RW = 0; // Send LOW pulse on RW pin for Write operation
7 EN = 1; // Generate a High-to-low pulse on EN pin
8 delay(100);
9 EN = 0;
10
11 delay(1000);
:
 12 }

b4b84c5fb48f5b7635b7e723570f791/raw/dd635aadcf21589d5d7477f0b8478efb1d2a55b1/8051_glcdCmdWrite.c)
8051_glcdCmdWrite.c
(https://gist.github.com/SaheblalBagwan/4b4b84c5fb48f5b7635b7e723570f791#file-
8051_glcdcmdwrite-c) hosted with by GitHub (https://github.com)

Steps for Sending Data:

step1: Send the character to LCD.

step2: Select the Data Register by making RS high.
step3: Select Write operation making RW low.
step4: Send a High-to-Low pulse on Enable PIN with some delay.

1 /* Function to send the data to LCD */

2 void Glcd_DataWrite(char dat)
3 {
4 GlcdDataBus = dat; //Send the data on DataBus
5 RS = 1; // Send HIGH pulse on RS pin for selecting data register
6 RW = 0; // Send LOW pulse on RW pin for Write operation
7 EN = 1; // Generate a High-to-low pulse on EN pin
8 delay(100);
9 EN = 0;
10
11 delay(1000);
12 }

/6f62052188f834afdcbe3b3cefd81cc1/raw/e9d5af4f8534ffe1612eed71bdbfb0326749cb1e/8051_glcdDataWrite.c)
8051_glcdDataWrite.c
(https://gist.github.com/SaheblalBagwan/6f62052188f834afdcbe3b3cefd81cc1#file-
8051_glcddatawrite-c) hosted with by GitHub (https://github.com)

Code
:
 Below is the sample code for displaying HELLO WORLD on two different pages of
GLCD.

1 #include<reg51.h>
2
3 /* Configure the data bus and Control bus as per the hardware connection
4 Dtatus bus is connected to P20:P27 and control bus P00:P04*/
5 #define GlcdDataBus P2
6 sbit RS = P0^0;
7 sbit RW = P0^1;
8 sbit EN = P0^2;
9 sbit CS1 = P0^3;
10 sbit CS2 = P0^4;
11
12 /* 5x7 Font including 1 space to display HELLO WORLD */
13 char H[]={0x7F, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7F, 0x00};
14 char E[]={0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41, 0x00};
15 char L[]={0x7F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x00};
16 char O[]={0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3E, 0x00};
17
18 char W[]={0x3F, 0x40, 0x38, 0x40, 0x3F, 0x00};
19 char R[]={0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46, 0x00};
20 char D[]={0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C, 0x00};
21
22
23 /* local function to generate delay */
24 void delay(int cnt)
25 {
26 int i;
27 for(i=0;i<cnt;i++);
28 }
29
30
31 void Glcd_SelectPage0() // CS1=1, CS2=0
32 {
33 CS1 = 1;
34 CS2 = 0;
:
 35 }
36
37 void Glcd_SelectPage1() // CS1=0, CS1=1
38 {
39 CS1 = 0;
40 CS2 = 1;
41 }
42
43 /* Function to send the command to LCD */
44 void Glcd_CmdWrite(char cmd)
45 {
46 GlcdDataBus = cmd; //Send the Command
47 RS = 0; // Send LOW pulse on RS pin for selecting Command register
48 RW = 0; // Send LOW pulse on RW pin for Write operation
49 EN = 1; // Generate a High-to-low pulse on EN pin
50 delay(100);
51 EN = 0;
52
53 delay(1000);
54 }
55
56 /* Function to send the data to LCD */
57 void Glcd_DataWrite(char dat)
58 {
59 GlcdDataBus = dat; //Send the data on DataBus
60 RS = 1; // Send HIGH pulse on RS pin for selecting data register
61 RW = 0; // Send LOW pulse on RW pin for Write operation
62 EN = 1; // Generate a High-to-low pulse on EN pin
63 delay(100);
64 EN = 0;
65
66 delay(1000);
67 }
68
69 void Glcd_DisplayChar(char *ptr_array)
70 {
71 int i;
:
 72 for(i=0;i<6;i++) // 5x7 font, 5 chars + 1 blankspace
73 Glcd_DataWrite(ptr_array[i]);

74 }
75
76
77 int main()
78 {
79 /* Select the Page0/Page1 and Turn on the GLCD */
80 Glcd_SelectPage0();
81 Glcd_CmdWrite(0x3f);
82 Glcd_SelectPage1();
83 Glcd_CmdWrite(0x3f);
84 delay(100);
85
86 /* Select the Page0/Page1 and Enable the GLCD */
87 Glcd_SelectPage0();
88 Glcd_CmdWrite(0xc0);
89 Glcd_SelectPage1();
90 Glcd_CmdWrite(0xc0);
91 delay(100);
92
93 Glcd_SelectPage0(); // Display HELLO on Page0, Line1
94 Glcd_CmdWrite(0xb8);
95 Glcd_DisplayChar(H);
96 Glcd_DisplayChar(E);
97 Glcd_DisplayChar(L);
98 Glcd_DisplayChar(L);
99 Glcd_DisplayChar(O);
100
101 Glcd_SelectPage1(); // Display WORLD on Page1, Last line
102 Glcd_CmdWrite(0xbF);
103 Glcd_DisplayChar(W);
104 Glcd_DisplayChar(O);
105 Glcd_DisplayChar(R);
106 Glcd_DisplayChar(L);
107 Glcd_DisplayChar(D);
108
:
 109 while(1);
110 }

4c084e66d826c9ded648308909c01/raw/155dc94981f6475ca575363bd1f8a034e5152f88/8051_glcdExample1.c)
8051_glcdExample1.c
(https://gist.github.com/SaheblalBagwan/d464c084e66d826c9ded648308909c01#file-
8051_glcdexample1-c) hosted with by GitHub (https://github.com)

Using ExploreEmbedded GLCD Lib

1 #include "glcd.h" //User defined LCD library which contains the lcd routines
2 #include "delay.h"
3
4 /* start the main program */
5 void main()
6 {
7 /* Initialize the glcd before displaying any thing on the lcd */
8 GLCD_Init();
9
10 GLCD_Printf("Interfacing\n\n");
11 GLCD_Printf(" KS108 128x64\n\n");
12 GLCD_Printf(" With 8051");
13 GLCD_GoToLine(6);
14 GLCD_Printf(" ExploreEmbedded");
15
16 while(1);
17 }

237f505ddde414428854941282d0d6/raw/77ef183748ea12cd0a8711547b833c125867d0ce/8051_glcdExample2.c)
8051_glcdExample2.c
(https://gist.github.com/SaheblalBagwan/35237f505ddde414428854941282d0d6#file-
8051_glcdexample2-c) hosted with by GitHub (https://github.com)
:
 (/wiki/File:0Glcd_CharDisplay8051.png)

Displaying Numbers
1 #include "glcd.h"
2 #include "delay.h"
3
4 void main()
5 {
6 int count=0;
7
8 GLCD_Init();
9 GLCD_DisplayString(" Displaying Numbers");
10
11 while(1)
12 {
13 GLCD_GoToLine(2);
14 GLCD_Printf("hex:%4x \n\ndec:%5d \n\nbin:%16b",count,count,count);
15 DELAY_ms(100);
16 count++;
17 }
18 }

64c4e262e9173b3823d12d1eced4a/raw/a6535d1e378c9e88328bc940fb15ced4f1e97cdc/glcd_DisplayNumbers.c)
glcd_DisplayNumbers.c
(https://gist.github.com/SaheblalBagwan/17b64c4e262e9173b3823d12d1eced4a#file-
:
 glcd_displaynumbers-c) hosted with by GitHub (https://github.com)

(/wiki/File:Glcd_DisplayNumber.png)

Displaying Bar Graphs

1 #include "glcd.h"
2
3 void main()
4 {
5 GLCD_Init();
6
7 GLCD_HorizontalGraph(0,45);
8 GLCD_HorizontalGraph(1,50);
9 GLCD_HorizontalGraph(2,82);
10 GLCD_HorizontalGraph(3,74);
11
12 while(1);
13 }

d0b4d5617535430989c6736d8af/raw/eb690cf97c5c2b384b0ed9d9b81b80959a8b6190/glcd_HorizontalGraph.c)
glcd_HorizontalGraph.c
(https://gist.github.com/SaheblalBagwan/49e0ad0b4d5617535430989c6736d8af#file-
glcd_horizontalgraph-c) hosted with by GitHub (https://github.com)
:
 (/wiki/File:Glcd_HorizontalGraph.png)

1 #include "glcd.h"
2
3 void main()
4 {
5 GLCD_Init();
6
7 GLCD_VerticalGraph(0,45);
8 GLCD_VerticalGraph(1,50);
9 GLCD_VerticalGraph(2,82);
10 GLCD_VerticalGraph(3,74);
11
12 while(1);
13 }

28b1f36fc769b7ab785c414672380eff/raw/d0bea2520e320d2a707fd36a906a8c0e3e2afc9a/glcd_VerticalGraph.c)
glcd_VerticalGraph.c
(https://gist.github.com/SaheblalBagwan/28b1f36fc769b7ab785c414672380eff#file-
glcd_verticalgraph-c) hosted with by GitHub (https://github.com)
:
 (/wiki/File:Glcd_VerticalGraph.png)

Downloads
Download the sample code and design files from this link
(https://github.com/ExploreEmbedded/8051_DevelopmentBoard).

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