General Physics (II) 期末考 Jun.

14, 2019
試卷請註明、姓名、班級、學號，請遵守考場秩序
I.計算題(45 points) (所有題目必須有計算過程,否則不予計分)
1&2. (15 pts)As shown in Fig. 1, a conducting bar of mass Top view Fig. 1 z
m slides down two frictionless conducting rails which
make an angle q with the horizontal and one end with
a resistor R, and the distance between two rails is l. A l
uniform magnetic field B is applied horizontally. The x
bar is released from the top with velocity 0. y
(A) (6 pts) Find the current, magnitude and direction, Side view bar
through the conducting bar. x z
B
(B) (6 pts) Draw the free body diagram of the conducting
bar sliding down the rail, and write down the
equation of motion.
(C) (3 pts) What is the terminal velocity vT of the bar?
q
Q0

3. (15pts) As shown in Fig. 2, the circuit consists of an inductor L,

P(r,0,0)
a switch S, and a capacitor, which consists of two conducting L z x
d
y
disks with radius R. Before t = 0, the are charge Q0 (Q0 >0)
stored in the capacitor and no current through the inductor.
-Q0
At t = 0, the switch S is closed. For t > 0, Fig. 2 S
(A) (3pts)The charge on the upper conductor of capacitor can be expressed as Q(t)=Q0coswt.
Determine w in terms of L,R, d, e0,m0, and other necessary constants.
(B) (3pts) Determine the direction and the magnitude as a y
I
function of time of the E-field at point P(r,0, 0) (r ≤ R)

Principal
indicated in Fig. 2, where the z-axis passes the centers of 5y
y
the disks, and the origin is equally distant from the disks. 3
1 y
(C) (4pts) Determine the direction and the magnitude of the ? N-slits y0
3.14cm
B-field at point P as a function of time.
(D) (5pts) Determine the direction and the magnitude of the 1m
Poynting vector at point P as a function of time. Fig. 3
4. (15pts) A plane electromagnetic wave travels in the direction normal to a screen with N-
parallel slits, and the spacing between neighboring slits is 20 μm. As shown in Fig. 3, the wave
emitted from each slit produces an interference pattern on a screen 1 m away. The spacing
between the principal maximum intensity peaks is 3.14 cm.
(A) (3pts) Determine the number of the slits and the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.
(B) (4pts)Draw the phasor diagram for the E-fields emitted from each slit at the intensity
minimum y1 and y3 on the screen.
(C) (5pts) Determine the intensity on the screen as a function of y on the screen,Fig. 3assuming that
the initial intensity is I0 at each slit and the unit of y is cm.
(D) (3pts) If the width of each slit is 4 μm, how many principal bright fringes will be observed in
the central diffraction band?
II.選擇題( 55 points)
1. (5 pts) Fig. 4 shows VR (resistor), VC (Capacitor) and VPower Supply B C
(frequency w) in a series ac-RLC circuit. Which of the following A
actions will make the circuit to reach resonance?
(1) increasing L; (2) decreasing L; (3) increasing C;
(4) decreasing C; (5) increasing w; (6) decreasing w;

(A) 1,3,5 (B) 1,3,6 (C) 1,4,5 (D) 1,4,6 (E) 2,3,5 Fig. 4
(F) 2,3,6 (G) 2,4,5 (H) 2,4,6 (J) None of above.
2. (5 pts.) At t = 0, the switch in the circuit shown in Fig. 5 is closed. After a sufficiently long
time, what are the magnitude of current I2 and I3 (in unit of Amperes)? Let V0=12V, C=1.0 mF,
R = 1W and L=0.035H.
(A) 6, 0 (B) 0, 6 (C) 4,4 (D) 4,0
𝒛 2
(E) 0,4 (F) 2, 2 (G) 0,2 (H) 2, 0 3
(J) None of above. V0 R 4 1
Fig. 5 300 300 𝒙
C
5 8
3. (5 pts) A magnetic field of a plane wave (in free space) with the form
𝐵 𝑟 , 𝑡 = (−2 × 10−7 𝑇)𝑦 sin 3𝑥 − 𝑧 + 𝜔𝑡 . What are the directions 6 7
of the Poynting vector and the Electric field (indicated in Fig. 6)? Fig. 6
(A) 1, 3 (B) 1, 7 (C) 2,4 (D) 2,8 (E) 3,1 (F) 3,5 (G) 4,2 (H) 4,6 (J) 5,3 (K) 5,3
(L) 5, 7 (M) 6,4 (N) 6,8 (O) 7,1 (P) 7,5 (Q) 8,2 (R) 8,6 (S) None of above.
4. (5pts) As shown in Fig. 7, in the region x ≧ 0, there exists a y
constant magnetic field (0,0,B), and a square conductor loop
is traveling at constant velocity v. The total resistance of the
conductor loop is R. At time t = 0, the tip of the loop reaches v
the position x = 0, If we define the + direction of current in xtip x
this loop to be counter-clockwise, which of the following plot
showing the current i in the loop as a function of time. Fig. 7
I I I I I
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
t t t t
t

5. (5pts) As shown in Fig. 8, the flash light shines a beam of light on a Black disk
black disk, which is normal to the direction of the light beam. The
x
wavelength l of the light wave in the light beam varies from 400nm Fig. 8
to 800nm, and suppose that the E-field of the light wave of each wavelength l can be expressed
with the following equation: 𝐸 𝜆 = 𝐸0 cos(2𝜋(𝑥 − 𝑐𝑡)/𝜆), where 𝐸0 is independent of 𝝀.
Which of the following shows the correct trend of the 𝝀 dependence of the pressure P that the
light beam exerted on the disk?
P P P P P P P

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) (G)

400 800 400 800 400 800 400 800 400 800 400 800 400 800
l (nm) l (nm) l (nm) l (nm) l (nm) l (nm) l (nm)
(Problem 6 & 7 continue on the next page)
6. (5pts) A thin film of oil (no =1.50) with varying thickness floats
on water (nw = 1.33). When it is illuminated from above by white
light, the reflected colors are shown in Fig. 9. In air, the
wavelength of orange light is 600 nm (where constructive
interference occurs). Find the oil’s thickness t at B point.
(A) 133; (B) 150; (C) 200; (D) 266; (E) 300; (F) 400; (G) 450; Fig. 9
(H) 532 nm.
7. (5 pts.) For a RLC circuit shown in Fig. 10. The AC voltage
source is 𝑽 𝒕 = 𝑽𝟎 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝝎𝒕. The current through the
inductor, capacitor and resistor are IL, IC, and IR , respectively.
Let V0=0.4V, w=104 rad./s, C=5.0 mF, R = 20 W and Fig. 10
L=0.001H. What is the magnitude of the current IR,0 (in unit
of Amperes)?
(A) 0 (B) 0 < IR,0 ≤ 0.005 (C) 0.005 < IR,0 ≤ 0.01 (D) 0.01 < IR,0 ≤ 0.015 (E) 0.015 < IR,0 ≤ 0.02
(F) 0.02 < IR,0 ≤ 0.025 (G) 0.025 < IR,0 ≤ 0.03 (H) 0.03 < IR,0 ≤ 0.04 (J) 0.04 < IR,0
Multiple Choice Questions:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

A B G D C E D
 z
(A)
The normal vector of the plane is indicated
B l by the vector n in the figure above.
x
The movement of the bar  F B changes
y
Side view
 
B bar x x F B   B  dA  B (  x(t) ) cos   q 
z 2 
n
 B (  x(t) ) sin q 2 pts
q
q

The change of F B induces emf E:

dFB dx(t)
 B sin q  B v(t ) sin q
dt dt 1 pt

E induces current I:

B v(t ) sin q Top view: 順時針

I 
R R
1 pt
2 pt
 (B) the bar with I in B  magnetic force. y
N FB
x x
z
B2 2
v(t ) sin q Side view 2 pts
FB  I  B  Direction:
R q
q
2pts mg

dv
x : mg sin q - FB sin q  ma  m 1 pt
dt
y : N  mg cos q +F cos q  0 1 pt
B

(C) When the bar has reach “terminal velocity” vT,

there is no acceleration.
1 pt
B 2 2
v(t ) sin q
i.e mg sin q  sin q  0
R
R  mg
vT  2 pts
B 2 2 sin q
3. (15pts) As shown in Fig. 2, the circuit consists of an inductor L, a switch S, and a capacitor,
which consists of two conducting disks with radius R. Before t = 0, the are charge Q0 (Q0 >0)
stored in the capacitor and no current through the inductor.
At t = 0, the switch S is closed. For t > 0,
(A) (3pts)The charge on the upper conductor of capacitor can be expressed as Q(t)=Q0coswt.
Determine w in terms of L,R, d, e0,m0, and other necessary constants.
Q0
(B) (3pts) Determine the direction and the magnitude as a
function of time of the E-field at point P(r,0, 0) (r ≤ R)
P(r,0,0)
indicated in Fig. 2, where the z-axis passes the centers of the d
z x
L y
disks, and the origin is equally distant from the disks.
(C) (4pts) Determine the direction and the magnitude of the
B-field at point P as a function of time. -Q0
S
(D) (5pts) Determine the direction and the magnitude of the Fig. 2
Poynting vector at point P as a function of time.
(A) For t>0, the charge on the capacitor executes LC ossccilation, i.e.
1 𝜋𝑅 2
𝜔= , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶 = 𝜀 , 1 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 , 𝜔 = 1
=
1 𝑑
2
𝐿𝐶 0
𝑑 𝐿𝜀
𝜋𝑅2 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0
0 𝑑

(B) From Gauss’s Law, the magnitude of the E-field in between a two infinite uniform plane
charge distributions with charge density s and s is 1
𝜎 𝑄(𝑡) 𝑄0 𝑄0 1 𝑑
𝐸 = , For the case of the capacitor 𝜎 = = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔𝑡 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡 ,
𝜀0 𝜋𝑅2 𝜋𝑅2 𝜋𝑅 2 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0
𝜎 −𝑄0 1 𝑑
𝐸 = (𝑜, 𝑜, − )= (𝑜, 𝑜, 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡 ) 2
𝜀0 𝜋𝜀0 𝑅 2 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0
 Q0
(C) To calculate the B-field at point P, first we y
choose a loop at x-y plane shown in the
P(r,0,0)
figure on the right. And according to the P(r,0,0) z
d x
L
Maxwell-Ampere’s law x y

𝑑𝛷
1
𝐵 ∙ 𝑑ℓ = 𝜇0 𝜀0 𝐸, -Q0
𝑑𝑡
S
With this loop,
𝑄0 1 𝑑 𝑄0 𝑟 2 1 𝑑
𝛷𝐸 = 𝐸 ∙ 𝐵 = −𝜋𝑟 2 𝐸 𝑡 = −𝜋𝑟 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡 =− 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡 , 1
𝜋𝜀0 𝑅 2 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0 𝜀0 𝑅 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0

𝑑 𝑄0 𝑟 2 1 𝑑
𝐵 ∙ 𝑑ℓ = 2𝜋𝑟𝐵 𝑡 = 𝜇0 𝜀0 (− 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡 ),
𝑑𝑡 𝜀0 𝑅 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0
𝑄0 𝑟 𝑑 1 𝑑
𝐵 𝑡 = 𝜇0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑡 , or 𝐵 𝑡 = 𝜇0 𝑄0 𝑟𝜔2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡 , Alternative solution
2𝜋𝑅 3 𝜋𝐿𝜀0 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0 2𝜋𝑅

𝑄0 𝑟 𝑑 1 𝑑 0
,0) or, 𝐵 𝑡 = (0, 𝜇0 2𝜋𝑅
𝑄 𝑟𝜔 2
and at 𝑷, 𝐵 𝑡 = (0, 𝜇0
2𝜋𝑅 3 𝜋𝐿𝜀0
𝑠𝑖𝑛
𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0
𝑡 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡 ,0)

(D) The Poynting vector at point P, 𝑃 = E × B 𝜇0 , 𝑖. 𝑒.

1 −𝑄 1 𝑑 𝑄0 𝑟 𝑑 1 𝑑
𝑃= (𝑜, 𝑜, 0 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡 )× (0, 𝜇0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑡 , 0) 1
𝜇0 𝜋𝜀0 𝑅 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0 2𝜋𝑅 3 𝜋𝐿𝜀0 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0

1 𝑄0 1 𝑑 𝑄0 𝑟 𝑑 1 𝑑
𝑃 = (0,0, −1) × (0,1,0) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡 ∙ 𝜇0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑡
𝜇0 𝜋𝜀0 𝑅 2 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0 2𝜋𝑅 3 𝜋𝐿𝜀0 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0

1 𝑄0 𝑄0 𝑟 𝑑 2 𝑑 𝑄02 𝑟 𝑑 2 𝑑 4
= (1,0,0) 𝜇 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑡 =( 2 5 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑡 , 0,0)
𝜇0 𝜋𝜀0 𝑅 2 0 2𝜋𝑅 3 𝜋𝐿𝜀0 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0 2𝜋 𝜀0 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0 𝑅 𝜋𝐿𝜀0

(continue on next page)

(C) 1 −𝑄 𝑄0 𝑟𝜔
𝑃= (𝑜, 𝑜, 0 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔𝑡 )× (0, 𝜇0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡 , 0) 1
𝜇0 𝜋𝜀0 𝑅 2𝜋𝑅 2

1 𝑄0 𝑄0 𝑟𝜔
𝑃 = (0,0, −1) × (0,1,0) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔𝑡 ∙ 𝜇0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡 Alternative solution
𝜇0 𝜋𝜀0 𝑅 2 2𝜋𝑅 2

𝑄02 𝑟𝜔 𝑄02 𝑟𝜔
= (1,0,0) 2 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝜔𝑡 =( 2 4 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝜔𝑡 , 0,0) 4
2𝜋 𝜀0 𝑅 4𝜋 𝜀0 𝑅
4. A plane electromagnetic wave travels in the direction normal to a screen with N-parallel slits, and the spacing
between neighboring slits is 20 𝜇m. As shown in Fig., the wave emitted from each slit produces an interference pattern
on a screen 1 m away. The spacing between the central maximum intensity peak and the neighboring peak is 3.14 cm.
(a) Determine the number of the slits and the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.
(b) Draw the phasor diagram for the E-fields emitted from each slit at the intensity minimum y1 and y3 on the screen.
(c) Determine the intensity on the screen as a function of y on the screen, assuming that the initial intensity is I0 at each
slit and the unit of y is cm.
(d) If the width of each slit is 4 𝜇 m, how many interference bright fringes will be observed in the central diffraction
peak?

y
I
y5
y3
y1
? N-slits y0

1m
 y
(a) N = 6 1 I
2 2 2 y
  d sin q ~ d tan q  d 1 y5
l l l L y3
y1
? N-slits y0
2 3.14cm
2  (20 m m )
l 1m
(c) 1m
l  628nm  0.628m m 1
O
 E0 / 2 6 Eq 0 / 2 1
sin  ; sin  3
(b) The phasor of E at y1, E4 2 R 2 R
E5
1
sin 3
R
2  E3 Eq 0 
ET


2

 1 E0 sin  2 1
6 3 E6 E2
E1 E0

2 2

The phasor of E at y3, 1   d sin q  2 y for y in cm 1

E1 l
2 E2
E3
 3 1 E4 E5 I ( y )  I ( sin 3 ) 2  I ( sin 6 y ) 2
6
1 E6 0
sin  2
0
sin y 1
(d) For the first destructive interference of diffraction from individual slits,
a sinθ = λ 1
For constructive interference from the slits,
d sinθ = mλ
2 2 l d 20
The interference (principal maxima) occurs at   2 m  d sin q  d m  =5 1
l l a a 4
( m  0, 1, 2, 3, 4 ) There are 9 bright fringes. 1