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    Electric Machinery Fundamentals, 4th Edition

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    dl.physics89
    The document discusses salient pole theory of synchronous machines. It provides an example to calculate the internal generated voltage of a synchronous generator assuming both a cylindrical rotor and a salient pole rotor. It also derives the torque and power equations for a salient pole synchronous generator as a function of torque angle.

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    Electric Machinery Fundamentals, 4th Edition

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    dl.physics89
    28 views2 pages
    The document discusses salient pole theory of synchronous machines. It provides an example to calculate the internal generated voltage of a synchronous generator assuming both a cylindrical rotor and a salient pole rotor. It also derives the torque and power equations for a salient pole synchronous generator as a function of torque angle.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    The document discusses salient pole theory of synchronous machines. It provides an example to calculate the internal generated voltage of a synchronous generator assuming both a cylindrical rotor and a salient pole rotor. It also derives the torque and power equations for a salient pole synchronous generator as a function of torque angle.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    28 views2 pages

    Electric Machinery Fundamentals, 4th Edition

    Uploaded by

    dl.physics89
    The document discusses salient pole theory of synchronous machines. It provides an example to calculate the internal generated voltage of a synchronous generator assuming both a cylindrical rotor and a salient pole rotor. It also derives the torque and power equations for a salient pole synchronous generator as a function of torque angle.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    SA LIENT· POLE THEORY OF SYNC HR ONOUS MACHINES 733

    The angle 0 of EAcan be found by using infonnation known at the tenninals


    of the generator. Notice that the phasor E;' which is given by

    I EA = V4> + RAIA + jXq IA I (C-8)

    is collinear with the internal generated voltage EA' Since E; is determined by the
    current at the terminal s of the generato r, the angle {) can be detennined with a
    know ledge of the annature current. Once the angle 0 is known, the annature cur·
    rent can be broken down into direct and quadrature components, and the internal
    generated voltage can be detennined.

    Example C- 1. A 480-V, 60-Hz, d-cOIlllected, four-pole synchronous generator


    has a direct-axis reactance of 0.1 n, and a quadrature-axis reactance of 0.075 n. Its anna-
    ture resistance may be neglected. At fun load, this generator supplies 1200 A at a power
    factor of 0.8 lagging.
    (a) Find the internal generated voltage EA of this generator at full load, assruning
    that it has a cylindrical rotor of reactance Xd .
    (b) Find the internal generated voltage EA of this generator at fun load, assuming it
    has a salient-pole rotor.
    Solutioll
    (a) Since this generator is d-connected, the armature current at fun load is

    IA = 12~A = 693 A

    The power factor of the current is 0.8 lagging, so the impedance angle () of the
    load is
    () = cos- l 0.8 = 36.87°
    Therefore, the internal generated voltage is
    EA = V4> + jXSIA
    = 480 L 0° V + j(O.1 nX693 L - 36.87° A)
    = 480 L 0° + 69.3 L 53.13° = 524.5 L 6.1° V
    Notice that the torque angle 8 is 6.1°.
    (b) Asswne that the rotor is salient. To break down the current into direct- and
    quadrature-axis components, it is necessary to know the direction of EA. This di-
    rection may be detennined from Equation (C- 8):
    (C-8)

    = 480L 0° V + 0 V + j(0JJ75 nX693L -36.87° A)


    = 480LO° + 52L53.13° = 513L4.65" V
    The direction of EA is 8 = 4.65". The magnitude of the direct-axis component of
    ClUTent is thus
    Id = IA sin ({) + /))
    = (693 A) sin (36.87 + 4.65) = 459 A
    734 ELECTRIC MACHINERY RJNDAMENTALS

    and the magnitude of the quadrature-axis component of current is


    Iq = IA cos «() + Ii)
    = (693 A) cos (36.87 + 4.65) = 519 A
    Combining magnitudes and angles yields
    Id = 459 L -85.35° A
    Iq = 519 L 4.65° A
    The resulting internal generated voltage is
    + RA IA + jXdld + jX,}-q
    EA = Vo/>
    = 480 L 0° V + 0 V + j(O.1 0)(459 L -85.35" A) + j(0.075 OX519 L 4.65" A)
    = 524.3 L 4.65° V
    Notice that the magnitude O/ EA is not much affected by the salient poles, but the
    angle of EA is considerably different with salient poles than it is without salient
    poles.

    C.2 TORQUE AND POWER EQUATIONS OF


    SA LIENT-POLE MACHINE
    TIle power output of a synchronous generator with a cylindrical rotor as a function
    of the torque angle was give n in Chapter 5 as

    p = _3~
    V.~E
    - -;A,"'_i_
    " ~S
    (5- 20)
    X,

    TIlis equation assumed that the annature resistance was negligible. Making the
    same assumption, what is the output power of a salient-pole generator as a func-
    ti on of torque angle? To find out, refer to Fig ure C--6. TIle power out of a syn-
    chronous generator is the sum of the power due to the direct-axis current and the
    power due to the quadrature-axis current:

    v~ cos {j

    ,,
    I,
    ,
    v
    90 - ,'
    , •
    IA
    I,

    ""GURE C-6
    Determining the power output of a salient-pote synchronous generator. Both I~ and I. contribute to
    the output power. as shown.

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