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Problem Solving (IPO Chart2)

The document discusses key concepts for algorithms including print and input statements, prompt statements, variables, naming variables, and reconstructing algorithms. It provides examples and activities to identify these elements in sample problems.

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Nathefa Layne
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22 views12 pages

Problem Solving (IPO Chart2)

The document discusses key concepts for algorithms including print and input statements, prompt statements, variables, naming variables, and reconstructing algorithms. It provides examples and activities to identify these elements in sample problems.

Uploaded by

Nathefa Layne
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Defining Diagrams

Key Words used in Algorithm


⦿ PRINT -1. It is used to display an instruction
to the user for example a prompt statement
i.e. PRINT “Please enter your name”
2. It is used to display the result of Algorithm
i.e. PRINT “The total of two numbers is”,
sum
INPUT – this used to read or accept a value
that will be entered into a computer by a
user.
⦿ For example INPUT name
What is a Prompt Statement?
⦿ It is a description or instruction that tells the user
what to do.
⦿ For example in the problem statement: Write an
algorithm that prompts the user to enter the
price and quantity of an item and then find the
total price.
⦿ The only way the user will know what to do is if
you tell them
⦿ 1) PRINT “ Enter the price of the item”
⦿ 2) PRINT “Enter the quantity”
Activity 1
Identify the prompt statements in the
following algorithm.

⦿ Write an algorithm that accepts four


grades and compute and print the
average grade.
Variables
⦿ These are containers in memory that are
used to store inputs in a computer.

⦿ Just as cooking chicken requires you to


put meat in a container to be washed,
seasoned and cooked each input in
computer requires a container (variable).
Also note that for every purpose there is
the need for a container.
Identifying the need for
variables
⦿ Write an algorithm that accepts the price
and quantity of an item. Print the total
price.

⦿ You will need a container (variable) to


store the price, quantity and the total
price.
Activity 2
⦿ Identify the variables in the following
problem statement.

⦿ Write an algorithm that accepts 4 grades


and find the average grades.
Let’s look at naming variables

×A name of a variable cannot have a


space even if you are using two words.

✔ You may join the words for example


Totalpriceor use an underscore between
words for example Total_price
× You are not allowed to use any other
symbol other than an underscore (_). That
is you cannot use #, @,!,&,* when naming
a variable.

× You cannot start a variable name with a


number for example 1number, 2 number
✔ However you may start with an
underscore (_) for example _price or
with a letter num1

× A variable cannot be a keyword for


example INPUT, READ, BEGIN, START
Activity 3
Identify and name the variables in the
problem statement below.

⦿ Write an algorithm that accepts 4 grades


and find the average grades
Reconstructing our Defining Diagram

⦿ In lesson 1 and 2 we learnt that all problem


statement will have an input, output, some
storing and a process (recipe) to solve the
algorithm.

⦿ Input: what we are asked to enter

⦿ Output: what our result should be

⦿ Storing: what our variables will be

⦿ Process: The steps we will follow to achieve the


desired output

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