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A. URL (Uniform-WPS Office

A URL is a standardized address used to identify and locate resources on the World Wide Web. It serves as a unique identifier for webpages, files, or other resources accessible via the Internet. URLs uniquely identify web resources, allowing users to access specific web pages, files, or services. Users can navigate between different webpages or sections within a webpage by clicking on hyperlinks containing URLs.

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35 views3 pages

A. URL (Uniform-WPS Office

A URL is a standardized address used to identify and locate resources on the World Wide Web. It serves as a unique identifier for webpages, files, or other resources accessible via the Internet. URLs uniquely identify web resources, allowing users to access specific web pages, files, or services. Users can navigate between different webpages or sections within a webpage by clicking on hyperlinks containing URLs.

Uploaded by

mafigasaid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

1. Definition: A URL is a standardized address used to identify and locate resources on the World Wide
Web. It serves as a unique identifier for webpages, files, or other resources accessible via the Internet.

2. Anatomy of a URL:

Scheme: Indicates the protocol used to access the resource (e.g., http, https, ftp).

Domain: The unique name that identifies a website or web server (e.g., www.example.com).

Path: Specifies the location of the resource within the website's directory structure (e.g.,
/folder/page.html).

Query Parameters: Optional parameters appended to the URL to pass information to the server
(e.g., ?key1=value1&key2=value2).

Fragment Identifier: Specifies a specific section within a webpage (e.g., #section1).

3. Purpose:

Resource Identification: URLs uniquely identify web resources, allowing users to access specific web
pages, files, or services.

Navigation: Users can navigate between different webpages or sections within a webpage by clicking
on hyperlinks containing URLs.
Bookmarking: Users can bookmark favourite webpages by saving their URLs for easy access later.

Search Engine Indexing: Search engines use URLs to crawl and index webpages, making them
discoverable in search results.

4. Examples:

http://www.example.com/index.html: A URL using the HTTP protocol to access the "index.html"


webpage on the "www.example.com" domain.

https://www.example.com/products?category=electronics: A URL with query parameters specifying a


product category filter.

ftp://ftp.example.com/files/document.pdf: A URL using the FTP protocol to access a PDF document on


the "ftp.example.com" server.

5. URL Encoding: URLs may contain special characters or reserved characters that need to be encoded
to ensure proper transmission and interpretation. For example, spaces are encoded as "%20", and
special characters are represented using their hexadecimal ASCII codes.

6. URL Shortening: Services like Bitly and TinyURL provide tools to shorten long URLs, making them
easier to share and remember. These services generate shorter aliases that redirect to the original,
longer URLs.

7. Security Considerations: Insecure or poorly constructed URLs can pose security risks, such as phishing
attacks, cross site scripting (XSS), and SQL injection. It's essential to validate and sanitize user input used
in URLs to prevent such vulnerabilities.

Understanding URLs is fundamental to navigating the web and accessing online resources efficiently. By
dissecting the components of a URL and exploring its various uses and considerations, students gain
insight into how web addresses function and how they can be manipulated to access specific content or
services.

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