Quest Journals

Journal of Research in Agriculture and Animal Science Volume

10 ~ Issue 3 (2023) pp: 11-14
ISSN(Online) : 2321-9459
www.questjournals.org
Research Paper

Smart agriculture system using Internet of Things

(IOT)
Tarun Krishna Vankena Mouni Priya Annem
Dept. of Computer science Dept. of Computer science Manikanta Telukutla
andEngineering(Honors) and Engineering(Honors) Dept. of Computer science and
KoneruLakshmaiah KoneruLakshmaiah Engineering(Honors)KoneruLakshmaiah
Educational Foundation Educational Foundation Educational Foundation
Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh

Joshitha Gopinath Dr. M. Madhusudhana Dr.K.Sathish kumar

Dept. of Computer science Subramanyam Kannaiah
and Engineering(Honors) Dept. of Computer science Dept. of Computer science and
Koneru Lakshmaiah and Engineering Engineering
Educational Foundation Koneru Lakshmaiah Koneru Lakshmaiah
Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh Educational Foundation Educational Foundation
Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh

Abstract—Farming has long been the most important occupation on the planet. Nonetheless, the migration of
people from rural to urban areas has hampered agriculture. To address this issue, we will employ smart
horticulture strategies in light of IOT . This project incorporates GPS-based remote observing, dampness and
temperature detection, interloper scaring, security, leaf wetness, and legal water system administrations. It
makes use of remote sensor organisations to continuously monitor soil properties and natural factors. Various
sensor hubs are distributed throughout the homestead in various locations. These constraints are imposed by
any remote gadget or organisation access, and the tasks are completed by connecting sensors, Wi-Fi, and a
camera to a microcontroller. This concept is packaged as a product and distributed to Farmers can use that
remote regulator to monitor the results of the field and grow their harvests as well. These clever agribusiness
methods help ranchers finish their work efficiently and increase their yields. IoT sensors can provide
information about horticulture fields. The goal of this project is to use developing technology.
Keywords— Sensors, GPS, microcontrollers, and network

Received 20 Feb., 2023; Revised 01 Mar., 2023; Accepted 03 Mar., 2023 © The author(s) 2023.
Published with open access at www.questjournals.org

I. INTRODUCTION
Given the global trend toward new developments and their implementation, the goal of promoting
agribusiness is fundamental. Different assessments are led in the cultivation field. Most activities make use of
remote sensor associations to receive data from different sensors located in various locations and send that
through remote display. And the accumulated data provides information about the various regular factors. The
best way to increase crop yield isn't simply testing standard components. Various factors also contribute to
ineffectiveness [1]. As a result, agribusiness should embrace robotization to address these issues. To address
these issues, an organised structure is required that addresses all the factors influencing productivity at each
stage. Regardless, due to various issues, complete motorization in agriculture is not yet possible. It is not given
to ranchers as a thing to profit from the assets, whether it is performed at the evaluation level or not. As a result,
this paper is concerned with developing smart agribusinesses that use IOT and make it available to ranchers. In
general, the cost of all creating blueprints with IOT- based clever development is extremely reasonable.
Examiners were made aware of a couple of consolidated cutting-edge innovations that will aid in productivity
development.[2]. As a result, various new advancements can be combined with traditional cultivating to achieve
the goal indefinitely. The Internet of Things (IOT) can effectively develop. agriculture by using various sensors

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 Smart agriculture system using Internet Of Things (IOT)
and depictions in green nature. Considering population growth, interest in food grains has recently grown
significantly . Sadly, the food grain is linked to population growth. To overcome these challenges, food
production should be expanded broadly at the earliest opportunity. IOT is the best option for every farmer to get
their yields created in a flexible manner with advancement [3].

II.SURVEY
Manual limit checking is a current and potentially wellestablished procedure in agriculture. Farmers
use this system to confirm general limits and register readings. It focuses on developing gadgets and instruments
that take advantage of the advantages of a remote sensor network structure to manage, show, and prepare
clients. It intends to Make farming more efficient by incorporating mechanisation and IoT advancements. The
main components include a smart GPS remote controlled robot that performs tasks such as weeding, showering,
dampness recognising, human region, and watchfulness. Conveyed enlisting contraptions that can fabricate an
entire figuring structure from sensors to devices that distinguish information from country field pictures and
human entertainers on the ground and unambiguously feed the information into vaults close to the area as GPS
arranges.This concept proposes a distinct splendid growing perspective that employs distant correspondence
improvement to connect a splendid recognising framework and a sharp irrigator structure. It proposes low-cost,
high-yield remote sensor network strategies for gathering soil stickiness and temperature from various farm
areas and allowing crop regulators to decide whether to carry out the water structure based on the circumstances.
It suggests a method for cultivating a motorised water framework system to expand water use for rural harvests
An IoT-based sensing system is being developed to isolate yield climate, as well as a method to cultivate strong
feasibility by inspecting harvest gauges. In this paper, image dealing with is used as a tool to survey for illnesses
on common things during development, from domain to variety.

III.PROPOSED WORK
Various sensors, like temperature sensors, dampness sensors, and PIR sensors, are conveyed in the field piece.
The data collected by these sensors is transmitted to the microcontroller via RS232 [4].

The obtained data is compared to the edge values in the control section. If the data exceeds the cut-off, the
ringer sounds and the Drove begins to flicker. This Following identification, an advance notice message is sent
to the farmer, and the power is turned off. The characteristics are created on the site page, and the farmer
receives a clear representation of the characteristics [5].

In manual mode, the client must turn the microcontroller on and off by squeezing the button in the created
Android app. This is done with the help of the GSM Module [6].

In customised mode, the microcontroller is turned on and off as needed if the value exceeds the cut-off point.
When the microcontroller is powered on, an alert should be sent to the client. This is accomplished by using the
GSM module to establish a connection with the client [7].

Furthermore, there are a few other limits such as temperature, dampness, dampness, and pir sensor shows limit
worth and water level sensor is used to demonstrate the amount of water present inside the asset.

IV.HARDWARE USED
There are some hardware components that were crucial in building this project. The hardware’s are mentioned
in the following.

A.Microcontroller
The PIC microcontroller 16F877A is one of the most widely used in the industry. It is very reasonable
and very easy to use. The controller is coding, or writing computer programmes, is also simple. The coded
programme can be effectively deleted thanks to streak memory innovation. The microcontroller has numerous
applications in various massive ventures. Security, remote sensors, home automation, and current robotization
are some of its applications. An EEPROM is likewise included, which is utilised to forever store information,
for example, transmitter codes, get frequencies, and other related data.

B.GMS Module
GSM Modems can accept SIM cards from any GSM network administrator and have the same
capabilities as cell phones, each with its own unique phone number. The requirement is that it can be used as the
RS-232 protocol , which is connected supportively to the regulator. It is mostly used in mobiles for sending, and
receiving SMS and making phone calls. RS-232 connects the GSM modem to the regulator. AT Orders are used

*Corresponding Author: Tarun Krishna Vankena 12 | Page

 Smart agriculture system using Internet Of Things (IOT)
to send the SMS from the number to the terminal. To control the GSM, the regulator employs "AT-
Consideration" orders. It also has driven alarms and switch voltage security. It operates on 900/1800 MHz
frequency band.

C.Soil Moisture Sensor

The dampness content of the dirt is determined by a dirt dampness sensor. The sensor can produce both
simple and computerised results. The edge of the advanced result is fixed, but the edge of the simple result is
flexible. It operates in accordance with the open and short out standards. The
Drove shows whether the outcome is high or low. When the dirt becomes dry, current cannot pass
through it, resulting in an open circuit. As a result, the outcome should be the best. When the dirt becomes wet,
current flows from one terminal to the next, shortening the circuit and producing a zero result. To increase
productivity, the sensor is covered in platinum.
The detection range is also quite large.

D.Temparature Sensor
The LM35 sensor is basically used because the output voltage is direct with temperature scaling in
Celsius. It does not support external organisation. It performs a wide range of utilitarian tasks. The most notable
output voltage is 5V. For each level of temperature increase, the result will increase by 10mV. The temperature
ranges from -55 to +150 degrees. VCC, Ground, and the essential sensor are the three terminals. It employs the
least amount of force. As a result, it uses less energy. It is extremely useful in horticulture as well.

E.PIR sensor
All things with a temperature higher than absolute zero emit heat energy as radiation. It is hazy to the
naked eye because it communicates at infrared frequencies. PIR sensors are inoperable. They do not detect or
detect heat, but rather infrared radiation transmitted or reflected by an object. It is used to track the growth of
people, animals, and other objects. They are as frequently as possible used in punk alerts and, thus, approved
lighting frameworks. When a human walks through the field, the temperature rises above room temperature. The
sensor converts the subsequent change into an adjustment of the result voltage, which initiates the
acknowledgment.

V.SOFTWARE USED
Proteus 8 is an excellent proliferation programme for various microcontroller circuit plans. It is an
excellent testing framework because it has almost all microcontrollers and electronic components readily
available. It is commonly used to test electronic tasks and introduced plans prior to true equipment testing.
Proteus can also simulate microcontroller programming. Re-authorization eliminates the risk of causing
equipment damage as a result of a poor arrangement.

VI.EXPERIMENTS AND RESULTS

The equipment communicates with every sensor on the board. The microcontroller, ringer, hand-off,
ADC converter, GSM module, and all sensors that work together are all part of the hardware. The board
contains a sim card that is used to be in contact with owner as well as the listed qualities. accompanying
outcome shows the temperature, soil suddenness condition, and interloper distinguishing proof. The following
result is the result of the Android Application created in the wireless. It calculates temperature, humidity, and
suddenness and detects gate crashers.

VII.FUTUREWORK AND CONCLUSION

For the future this system can be developed to cultivate large number of acres. And also it can be
developed to check the soil quality and growth of the crop. we can also use wireless connection to the various
nodes. All experiments and results have proven that this system is very useful in solving various irrigation
problems.by implementing this system we can in the farms can help to improve the overall production.[8]

REFERENCES
[1]. Gondchawar, N. and Kawitkar, R.S., 2016. IoT based smart agriculture. International Journal of advanced research in Computer and
Communication Engineering, 5(6), pp.838-842.
[2]. Mekala, M. S., & Viswanathan, P. (2017, August). A Survey: Smart agriculture IoT with cloud computing. In 2017 international
conference on microelectronic devices, circuits and systems (ICMDCS) (pp. 1-7). IEEE.
[3]. Patil, K. A., & Kale, N. R. (2016, December). A model for smart agriculture using IoT. In 2016 international conference on global
trends in signal processing, information computing and communication (ICGTSPICC) (pp. 543-545). IEEE.
[4]. Prathibha, S. R., Hongal, A., & Jyothi, M. P. (2017, March). IoT based monitoring system in smart agriculture. In 2017
international conference on recent advances in electronics and communication technology (ICRAECT) (pp. 81-84). IEEE.
[5]. Suma, V. (2021). Internet-of-Things (IoT) based Smart Agriculture in India-An Overview. Journal of ISMAC, 3(01), 1-15.

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[6]. Suma, N., Samson, S. R., Saranya, S., Shanmugapriya, G., & Subhashri, R. (2017). IOT based smart agriculture monitoring system.
International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in computing and communication, 5(2), 177-181.
[7]. Kassim, M. R. M. (2020, November). Iot applications in smart agriculture: Issues and challenges. In 2020 IEEE conference on open
systems (ICOS) (pp. 19-24). IEEE.
[8]. Vaibhavraj S. Roham, Ganesh Pawar, Abhijit Patil & Prasad Rupnar, Smart Farm using Wireless Sensor Network, International

*Corresponding Author: Tarun Krishna Vankena 14 | Page