EQUILIBRIUM : CHEM + IONIC

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Topic : CHEMICAL & IONIC EQUILIBRIUM mains
set
1. An equimolar mixture of PCl3 and Cl2 is taken. 5. Which of the following factor will not increase
Calculate the equilibrium pressure, if 75% of At
*
*
*
the solubility of NH3(g) in H2O?
PCl3 is converted into PCl5? NH3(g) + H2O (aq) ⇌ NH4+ (aq) + OH–(aq)
d PCl5 (g) ⇌ PCl3 (g) + Cl2(g) ; Kp = 5 atm
sampl (1) 60 atm (1) Increase in pressure

question(3) 45 atm
(2) 75 atm (2) Addition of water
(4) 120 atm (3) Addition of NaOH
2. Ammonia at a pressure of 5 atm and H2S gas at a (4) Decrease in temperature
pressure of 10 atm are introduced into an 6. Which of the following is/are true about
evacuated vessel. reaction quotient ?
NH4HS(s) ⇌ NH3 (g) + H2S (g) ; Kp = 62.5 atm2
The total pressure of gases after long time is :- (1) Reaction quotient is useful in predicting
the direction of reaction.
(1) 15 atm (2) more than 15 atm
(2) If Q < K, the net reaction will proceeds in
(3) less than 15 atm (4) unpredicted forward direction.
3. Starting with 500 ml of Au+3 solution and 500 ml (3) If Q > K, the net reaction will proceeds in
of Fe2+ solution the following equilibrium is reverse direction.
established. (4) All of the above
Au3+ (aq) + 3Fe2+ (aq) ⇌ 3Fe3+ (aq) + Au(s) 7. For the reaction : A(s) ⇌ B(g) + C(g). What will
At equilibrium the equivalents of Au3+ , Fe2+ , be the value of natural logarithm of ratio of total
Fe3+ and Au are a, b, c & d respectively then :- P 400
pressure at 400K to that at 300K ln if
P 300
c3 3c3
(1) Kc = (2) Kc = ΔH = 16.628 kJ. (Given : R = 8.314J/K-mole)
6ab2 ab3
5 5 3 6
4c3 8c3 (1) (2) (3) (4)
(3) Kc = (4) Kc = 3 6 5 5
9ab3 9ab
8. The pressure over pure solid A is 60 mm of Hg at
4. Which of the following statement is / are a certain temperature T and the pressure over pure
WCERT
incorrect : solid D is 80 mm of Hg at same temperature T. if
Abst
(1) Equilibrium stage is dynamic in nature A and D dissociate as
ene >
-
A(s) ⇌ B(g) + C(g) and D(s) ⇌ B (g) + E (g)
(2) Equilibrium stage is static in nature then the total pressure over a mixture of excess of
(3) At equilibrium, concentration of reactant A(s) and D(s) at same temperature will be :-
& product are fixed (1) 60 mm of Hg (2) 140 mm of Hg
(4) All of the above are incorrect (3) 50 mm of Hg (4) 100 mm of Hg
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9. A closed rigid empty vessel is maintained at 12. For the following Equilibria :
87°C. By any mechanism, COCl2(g) is H2O (ℓ) ⇌ H2O(g) ; KP = P H 2 O
introduced in the vessel at 4 bar. If after a long
where P H 2 O → Vapour pressure of H2O(g)
time, the total pressure of gases in the vessel
become 7 bar, then KP for the reaction :- By which of the following ways P H 2 O can be
CO(g) + Cl2(g) ⇌ COCl2(g) changed :-
1 (1) By adding more H2O(l)
(1) 9 bar (2) bar
9
(2) By adding more H2O(g)
1 –1 –1
(3) bar (4) 9 bar
9 (3) By changing temperature
10. On increasing the temperature, the equilibrium (4) All of the above
constant of an endothermic reaction increases. 13. The pH of neutral water at 25°C is 7. As the
It is due to :- temperature increases, ionisation of water
(1) greater increase in the activation energy of increases, however [H+] = [OH–]. What will be
forward reaction in comparison to that of the pH of pure water at 60°C?
backward reaction. (1) Equal to 7
(2) Greater decrease in the activation energy (2) Greater than 7
of forward reaction in comparison to that (3) Less than 7
of backward reaction. (4) Equal to zero Imp
Theoretical
conceptual
.

↳
(3) Greater increase in rate constant of 14. Quest
** Which of the following statements is correct
forward reaction in comparison to that of
regarding dissociation of gaseous PCl5 as :-
backward reaction.
PCl5(g) → PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
(4) Increase in rate constant of forward
(1) Increase in pressure at constant temperature
reaction but decrease in rate constant of
increases equilibrium constant.
backward reaction.
11. For which of the following reaction KP = KC. (2) Increase in pressure at constant temperature
decreases concentration of PCl5.
(1) 4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) ⇌ 2Fe2O3(g)
(3) Increase in volume at constant temperature
(2) P4(s) + 5O2 (g) ⇌ P4O10(s)
increases degree of dissociation of PCl5.
(3) CH4(g) + 2O2 (g) ⇌ CO2 (g) + 2H2O (l)
(4) Increase in temperature decreases degree
(4) 3Fe(s) + 4H2O (g) ⇌ Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g) of dissociation.
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15. For a gaseous reaction A(g) + 2B(g) C(g) if 17. For the reaction H2O( ℓ ) ⇌ H2O(g), which of
initially only A and B are taken in 1 : 2 molar the following options is incorrect regarding
ratio for attainment of equilibrium then which possible value of vapour pressure at given
of the following curve correctly represent the temperature.
process. (1) 1 atm at 373 K (2) 0.8 atm at 400 K
1
(3) 1 bar at 372.6 K (4) atm at 353 K
2
(1) 18. For the dissociation of
MgCO3 as MgCO3(s) ⇌ MgO(s) + CO2(g)
identify the correct option regarding extent of
dissociation of MgCO3.
(1) As temperature is increased, extent of
dissociation decreases
(2)
(2) Extent of dissociation at equilibrium will
increase if equilibrium is attained at the same
temperature in a container of lesser volume.
(3) Extent of dissociation of MgCO3 will
(3) increase if taken in a larger container.
(4) Extent of dissociation will remain unchanged
on changing volume of the container.
19. Calculate concentration of [H+] in equilibrium
aqueous solution of acetic acid if equilibrium
(4) constant for dissociation of acetic acid in water to
give [H+] & acetate ion is 10–5 M & concentrations
of acetic acid & acetate ion at equilibrium is 6
gm/lit & 5.9 gm/lit respectively.
16. At a equilibrium pressure of 3.3 atm N2O4
(1) 10–5 M
undergoes 10% decomposition to NO2. At same
6 5
temperature what will be equilibrium pressure (2) 10 gm/lit.
5.9
required for 20% dissociation. 6
(3) M
5.9
(1) 3.3 atm (2) 6.6 atm
5.9 5
(3) 4 atm (4) 0.8 atm (4) 10 M
6

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20. For a reaction, 25. The pH of 0.004 M nicotine solution is 9.7 then
A(s) → 2B(g) + C(g) pKb is–
total pressure above pure solid A at 300 K is
30 mm of Hg. calculate the total pressure at a (1) 6.20 (2) 4.20 (3) 9.71 (4) 5.19
temperature of 400 K if ΔH of the reaction is 26. Among these which is strongest base–
60 Kcal. [R = 2 Cal/mol K] (1) H2A (2) HA– (3) A–2 (4) H3A⊕
(1) 40 mm of Hg
27. Correct order of acidic strength is–
(2) 10 e25 mm of Hg
(1) CH4 < H2O < NH3 < HF
(3) 10 e25/3 mm of Hg
(4) 30 e25/3 mm of Hg (2) H2O < NH3 < CH4 < HF
21. Which of the following statements are correct (3) CH4 < NH3 < H2O < HF
with respect to solubility of gas in water? (4) HF < NH3 < H2O < CH4
(1) On adding more water into the solution, 28. Correct order of basic strength is– P
solubility in terms of moles dissolved per V
litre will increase. (1) OH– > HSe– > HS– > HTe–
(2) As pressure of the gas increases solubility (2) HTe– > HSe– > SH– > OH–
will decreases. (3) OH– > HS– > HSe– > HTe–
(3) As temperature of the gas increases (4) HS– > HTe– > OH– > HSe–
solubility also increase
29. Which pair shows common ion effect?
(4) None of the above
22. Which reaction represents physical equilibrium : (1) HCl + NaCl (2) HCl + KOH
(1) N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) (3) HCN + KCN (4) Ba(NO3)2 + BaCl2
(2) H2O(s) 2H(g) + O(g) 30. pH of solution when 50 mL of 0.10 M ammonia
As A
solution is treated with 50 mL of 0.05 M HCl solution–
(3) CO2(s) CO2(g) (pKb of ammonia = 4.74)
(4) CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g) (1) 8.26 (2) 9.26 (3) 4.74 (4) None
23. Solution is acidic when :- 31. For WAWB type of salt, pH is given by this
formula
(1) [H3O+] = [OH–] (2) [H3O+] < [OH–] 1
pH = 7 + (pKa – pKb)
(3) [H3O+] >[OH–] (4) None 2
The pH of solution can be greater than 7, if the
24. The pH of 0.2 M mono basic acid is 3.50 then Ka is: difference between pKa and pKb is –
(1) 3.2 × 10–8 (2) 5 × 10–7 (1) Negative (2) Zero
(3) 5.12 × 10–8 (4) 3 × 10–4 (3) Positive (4) None
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32. The solubility of salts depends on which factor (s)– 39. Degree of hydrolysis of the following is
independent of concentration for :
(1) Temperature
I. NH4CN II. NH4HCO3
(2) lattice enthalpy of salt III. Mg2S IV. CH3NH3Cl
(3) Solvation enthalpy of ions in a solution (1) I, II, III, IV (2) I, IV
(4) All of these (3) I, III, IV (4) I, II, III
33. If the molar solubility of Zirconium(IV) 40. What is NH 4 in a solution in a mixture
phosphate is S then solubility product (Ksp) of * of 0.02 M NH3 and 0.01 M KOH?
Zirconium(IV) phosphate is– [Kb (NH3) = 1.8 × 10–5]
(1) 108 S5 (2) 729 S6 (1) 3.6 × 10–5 M (2) 1.8 × 10–5 M
(3) 6912 S7 (4) None (3) 0.9 × 10–5 M (4) 7.2 × 10–5 M
34. Which salt is most soluble? 41. The conjugate base of NH 2 is–
–9
(1) CaF2 (Ksp = 5.3 × 10 )
(1) NH3 (2) NH 4
(2) BaCrO4 (Ksp = 1.2 × 10–10)
(3) NH–2 (4) N2H4
–9
(3) CaC2O4 (Ksp = 4 × 10 )
42. pKb of a base is 6, then Ka of its conjugate acid
–18
(4) Hg2Cl2 (Ksp = 1.3 × 10 ) will be –
35. The concentration of sulphide ion in 0.1 M HCl (1) 10–6 (2) 10–8 (3) 10–14 (4) 10–12
solution with hydrogen sulphide is 1.0 × 10–19 M. If
43. Which of the following is correct for the
10 mL of this is added to 5 mL of 0.04 M solution
dissociation of H2CO3
of the following salt's then which will precipitate :-
(Here K a 1 & K a 2 are first and second
(1) MnCl2 (2) ZnCl2 (3) CdCl2 (4) CoCl2 dissociation constant of H2CO3 respectively)
36. Which is lewis acid? K a1 K a2 K a1 K a2
(1) (2)
–
(1) H2O (2) NH 4 (3) H+ (4) OH
(3) K a1 K a2 (4) None
–14
37. Molar solubility of Cd(OH)2 (Ksp = 2.5 × 10 )
44. Aqueous solution of Al2(SO4)3 is –
in 0.1 M KOH solution is–
(1) Strong acidic (2) Weak acidic
(1) 2.5 × 10–7 M (2) 5 × 10–8 M
(3) Strong basic (4) Weak basic
(3) 5 × 10–7 M (4) 2.5 × 10–12 M
45. Which has least possibility to be a Lewis acid –
38. Find out pH of a mixture of 100 mL, 0.1 M A
KOH and 100 mL, 0.05 M HCl solution (1) CN– (2) SnCl2
(1) 11.2 (2) 1.6 (3) 12.4 (4) 13.4 (3) PCl3 (4) I+
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ANSWER KEY
Q. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
A. 2 1 2 2 3 4 2 4 3 3 4 3 3 3 1 4 2 3 1 4 4 3 3 2 1 3 3 3 3 2
Q. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
A. 3 4 3 1 3 3 4 3 4 1 3 2 3 2 1 4 1 1 3 4 3 1 4 1 4 2 1 4 3 2
Q. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
A. 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 1 4 4 3 2 2 2 4 4 3 2 4 1 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 1 1 2

HINT – SHEET

1. Ans ( 2 ) 3. Ans ( 2 )
500 ml of Au+3
PCl5(g) ⇋ PCl3(g) + Cl2 (g) Kp = 5 atm
500 ml of Fe+2
1
for PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) ⇋ PCl5(g) Kp = atm–1 Au3+ (aq) + 3Fe2+ (aq) → 3Fe3+ (aq) + Au(s)
5
1 1 nf = 3 nf = 1 nf = 1 nf = 3
equiv. a b c d
1–x 1–x x x = 0.75 mole a/3 b/1 c/1 d/3
0.25 0.25 0.75 mole × nf = equivalent
PT PT PT
1.25 1.25 1.25
volume = 1 lit.
Let PT total pressure at eq. conc. a/3 b/1 c/1
0.75
PT 3 3
Kp
1.25 Fe c3 3c3
0.25 0.25 K K a 3 K
1.25
PT PT 1.25 Au 3 1 Fe 2 3 b ab3
3
1 3 1.25 1
Kp 5. Ans ( 3 )
0.25 5
Solubility of gas α P Exothermic process
PT = 75 atm
7. Ans ( 2 )
2. Ans ( 1 ) Kp = P2
Q P NH 3 P H2S = 50 atm2 as Q < KP, K P2 ΔH 1 1
ln
K P1 R T1 T2
the reaction should go in forward direction, but 2
P 400 16.628 103 1 1
ln
NH4HS(s) is not present in container 2
K 300 8.314 300 400
P 400 100 10 5
∴ there will be no change in pressure 2 ln 2 103
P 300 300 400 12 6