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Derivation Exercises

The document provides 18 logic puzzles involving premises and conclusions connected with logical operators. For each puzzle, the reader is asked to construct a simple derivation of the conclusion from the premises using rules of inference including modus ponens, modus tollens, and conditional proof.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
58 views

Derivation Exercises

The document provides 18 logic puzzles involving premises and conclusions connected with logical operators. For each puzzle, the reader is asked to construct a simple derivation of the conclusion from the premises using rules of inference including modus ponens, modus tollens, and conditional proof.

Uploaded by

dearryme22
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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198 Hardegree, Symbolic Logic

22. EXERCISES FOR CHAPTER 5


EXERCISE SET A (Simple Derivation)
For each of the following arguments, construct a simple derivation of the
conclusion (marked by ‘/’) from the premises, using the simple rules MP, MT, P Q
MTP1, and MTP2. ② 1. ( p→Q)→R
③ ④ 1. PVQ
(1) P;P→Q;Q→R;R→S /S 1 v0
2.12-71-7
.
,

2. Q 2. -
p
(2) P → Q ; Q → R ; R → S ; ~S / ~P
-

3. PVR ] P→QP
0 t.Q-R.CI
.

(3) ~P ∨ Q ; ~Q ; P ∨ R / R . :p
" R

(4) P ∨ Q ; ~P ; Q → R / R 4. ~P DS 1,2
4-
4 .
R MP 1,3
5- R Q 1357,2
(5) P ; P → ~Q ; R → Q ; ~R → S / S DS 3,4
5 P MP 2,4
5.
.

R MP 3,4
(6) P ∨ ~Q ; ~P ; R → Q ; ~R → S / S 6. Q MP 3,5
① 1. P→R Q
(7) (P → Q) → P ; P → Q / Q P Q

2. → ( SVR ) ⑦ 1. ④ C- QVR )
0
(8) (P → Q) → R ; R → P ; P → Q / Q
P→R-
-

3. -
R 2.
(9) (P → Q) → (Q → R) ; P → Q ; P / R
:S
~R
.

3.
(10) ~P → Q ; ~Q ; R ∨ ~P / R
4. ①P MT 1,3 :-O


.
(11) ~P → (~Q ∨ R) ; P → R ; ~R / ~Q
5.


(12) P → ~Q ; ~S → P ; ~~Q / ~~S 6 .
SVR

S
MP

DS
2,4
3,5
4. ④ MT 2,3
5- ~QvR

(13) P ∨ Q ; Q → R ; ~R / P
6. ~Q
MP 1,4


DS 3,5
(14) ~P → (Q ∨ R) ; P → Q ; ~Q / R
1. P→nQ
(15) P → R ; ~P → (S ∨ R) ; ~R / S PVQ
2.
-
s→p ① 1.


(16) P ∨ ~Q ; ~R → ~~Q ; R → ~S ; ~~S / P
g.
~-
Q 2. Q→R
(17) (P → Q) ∨ (R → S) ; (P → Q) → R ; ~R / R → S i.
-
~S 3. ~R


(18) (P → Q) → (R → S) ; (R → T) ∨ (P → Q) ; ~(R → T) / R → S 4. ~p MT
1,3
" P

(19) ~R → (P ∨ Q) ; R → P ; (R → P) → ~P / Q 5. ~~S MT 2,44 .~Q M -12,3


(20) (P → Q) ∨ R ; [(P → Q) ∨ R] → ~R ; (P → Q) → (Q → R) / ~Q 5. P M -11,4

① PV~Q
P
⑧ ( P→Q)→(R→s )
7.
1-
P→_Q ☐
④ 7. ~P→( Qur ) ⑧ g.
7. ~R→~nQ
2.
É 2. p→Q 2. lR→TW(p→Q )
3. R -1ns
~Q 3. ~lR→T)
3.
(P→C 3.
g. ~ -
s
:~Q i. R i. R -3g :p
4. ~R MP 1,2 4. ~P MT 213 4. p→Q DS 2,3 5. ~R MP 3,4
5. PQ DS 1,4 5. QVR MP 1,4
5- R→S MP 194 6. ~~Q Mp 2,5
6- Q→R 6. R DS
MP 3,5 3,5
7. P DS 1,6
7. ~Q MT 4,6
?⃝
Chapter 5: Derivations in Sentential Logic 199

EXERCISE SET B (Direct Derivation)


Convert each of the simple derivations in Exercise Set A into a direct derivation;
use the introduction-elimination rules.

EXERCISE SET C (Direct Derivation)


Directions for remaining exercises: For each of the following arguments,
construct a derivation of the conclusion (marked by ‘/’) from the premises, using
the rules of System SL.
④ 1. P Q 6. Q
.

Simp 1
①(21) P & Q ; P → (R & S) / Q & S 2 P→( R ? ) 7. Q 's.
conj 5,6
5.0¥
0
(22) P & Q ; (P ∨ R) → S / P & S

simp~E-P.SI
3. P simp 1 ② 7. P Q ④ " P→Q
(23) P ; (P ∨ Q) → (R & S) ; (R ∨ T) → U / U
-

4. Roos MP 2,3 2. ( Puig ,→g 2. PVR


(24) P → Q ; P ∨ R ; ~Q / R & ~P 5. s 3. ~Q

(25) P → Q ; ~R → (Q → S) ; R → T ; ~T & P / Q & S i.


Ro -
P
3.
Pp simp 1


4. ~P MT 1,3
(26) P → Q ; R ∨ ~Q ; ~R & S ; (~P & S) → T / T 4.
[email protected] DS 2,4

(27) P ∨ ~Q ; ~R → Q ; R → ~S ; S / P ④ 1. p→Q
5. T MP 2,4
6. R•~P Conj 4,5
①(28) P & Q ; (P ∨ T) → R ; S → ~R / ~S 6. P S .
conj 3,5

| Y
2. Rv -
Q
o
(29) P & Q ; P → R ; (P & R) → S / Q & S :-."
④ 1. P.O. ""
4- Gp
°
(30) P → Q ; Q ∨ R ; (R & ~P) → S ; ~Q / S y p→R 2. QVR

.
2.

(31) P&Q /Q&P t 3. I. R)→S 3. CR .


-
D) → s
' "' 4- •
0
(32) P & (Q & R) / (P & Q) & R
6. ~Q
"""

1752,5 4 P 1
(33) P /P&P .

Simp

(34) P / P & (P ∨ Q)
9. ~p MT 1,6 5. R MP 2,4¥ M -11,4
8. S Simp 3 6. P•R Conj 4,5 6 R DS 2,4
(35) P & ~P / Q
.

9. ropes
conj 78
7 'S
10 T MP 3,6 7 Romp conj 5,6
Mp 4,9
.

(36) P ↔ ~Q ; Q ; P ↔ ~S / S
.

8. Q 1
Simp 8 . 5 MP 3,7
(37) P & ~Q ; Q ∨ (P → S) ; (R & T) ↔ S / P & R 9. Q•S Conj 78
(38) P → Q ; (P → Q) → (Q → P) ; (P ↔ Q) → P / P & Q
⑤ 1. P
(39) ~P & Q ; (R ∨ Q) → (~S → P) ; ~S ↔ T / ~T
2. LPVQ ) → ( Ros )
(40) P & ~Q ; Q ∨ (R → S) ; ~V → ~P ; V → (S → R) ; (R ↔ S) → T ;
③ 1. [email protected] @ 3. ( RVT ) u
U ↔ (~Q & T) / U

.

④ 1- Pv~Q 5 R M -13,4 ( Pvt)→R


" V
:( P a) 12 2.
-
. . •
.

4. PVQ Add 1
2. ~R→Q
6 . Q MP 2,5 3. s→~R
2- P Simp '
P 5. R•S MP 2,4
3. R→~g
? DS 1,7 .
.

. ~g
3. Q•R
Simp 1 6 R Simp 5
a. p gimpy
.

4. 5 4- Q simp }
g. put Addq 7. RVT Add 6
5. P•Q Conj 2,4
G .
R Mpz ,g 8 . U MP 3,7
6. R
Simp 3
7. ~S MT 3,6
7. (P.QJ.RConjs.co

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