Susarno, Clyte Rea A.

BSREM-1YR

Examples of Plant, Machinery, and Equipment

Excavator
Excavators are potentially the most used and most popular piece of heavy equipment in the
construction industry. Ranging from little 1.5-tonne models up to 350-tonne models and every
size you can imagine in between, they are capable of completing almost any excavation job.
Excavators come standard with a boom arm that does the digging work, which is connected to
the cab and can rotate 360°. Excavators also generally have tracks, though you can get models
with wheels that are built for extreme terrains.
Excavators are used in all manner of projects from small backyard dig-outs to major mining
projects. They are the most efficient machines for excavation but are also capable of completing
a range of other jobs and tasks. By simply changing the attachment to a ripper, grab, rock breaker,
or auger attachment, some of the more common attachments, the capabilities of an excavator
quadruple.

Dozer
Dozers are often seen on larger projects, such as housing estate developments, mining and
quarry works, but are also popular in farming as land clearing machines. Dozers are the
workhorses of the heavy equipment world, they’re designed to push hard and consistently for a
long time.
Dozers are designed to provide optimal strength to the front of the machine and into the blade.
This means that they can push more than any other heavy plant, without putting pressure on the
working parts of the dozer. While dozers are used on a wide range of projects they are always
used for the same basic job, to push materials from one place to another

Backhoe
Backhoes are built for multitasking and are perfect both for smaller projects where there is no
need to hire two machines and for larger projects. Backhoes come equipped with a front-loading
bucket and a back-boom arm, which is slightly smaller than a standard excavator boom arm. To
operate both sides of the machine, the operating chair within the cabin rotates depending on
which side you are using at the time.
Backhoes can excavate, either with their boom arm or bucket, as well as transport the materials
around the site and load materials into transport. While other heavy equipment may be able to
do one of these jobs more efficiently, they often can’t complete everything a backhoe can. This
is the key benefit of a backhoe, its ability to complete every aspect of a job

Grader
Graders, much like dozers, are task-specific heavy equipment. They are also found on a range of
projects from road construction to mining, and most large-scale jobs. Graders are designed to
level the ground of a project to a set level, also called a grade. This is an essential role in road
construction, as the ground needs to be perfectly level for the road to be built properly.
Graders are unusual-looking machines, with the grading blade placed between the front
articulating wheels and the cab and back wheels. This makes for a long machine with an
impressive range of movement. While they are always used in road construction, graders are also
used to level and clear ground on infrastructure projects, housing estates, and mines.

Front Loader
Front loaders are used on construction projects, quarries, and mines predominantly as material
transporters. This is thanks to their large front bucket that allows them to carry more materials
than most other heavy equipment, and their wheels that make for fast and easy maneuverability
on site.
Front loaders are essential heavy equipment in mining and quarry operations where materials
need to be transported daily. They are the most efficient construction machines for this type of
work, as others are either too slow or need to push the material along the ground.

Roller
Rollers are used for the very specific job of compacting ground materials. They are most often
used on road construction projects after a grader has gone through and levelled the ground and
also after asphalt is laid. Rollers are also used on smaller projects such as driveways and
residential yards that are too big for handheld compactors to complete.
Rollers can come in a range of types however; the biggest difference is whether they are a single
drum roller with wheels behind or a twin drum roller. Just like graders, rollers are essential to the
road construction process as the ground needs to be heavily compacted to ensure when the
asphalt is laid it doesn’t crumble.

Scraper
Scrapers are probably the most niche type of heavy equipment on this list. They are only used on
major projects due to their standard large size. Scrapers are designed to cut into the earth and
remove a layer of ground material. As they cut into the ground the material is either pushed or
conveyed into the storage space, often called the hopper.
Scrapers are designed to have the front as the driving force, able to pull the articulated back as
it digs into the ground. Scrapers are brought into major infrastructure builds and mines at the
beginning of the project as they are able to remove a lot of ground material quickly.

Mini Excavator
Mini excavators are just as popular as standard excavators, just in a different industry. Mini
excavators are both more common and more widely used in the residential construction industry.
This is because mini excavators are generally the only type of excavator that will fit on a
residential site.
Mini excavators have all the same basic functions and capabilities as standard excavators, they
just have less power. However, what they lose in power they gain in maneuverability, mini
excavators can get into tight access jobs, or fit through narrow entrances with ease.

Skid Steer Loader and Posi Track Loader

Skid steer and posi track loaders are some of the smallest heavy equipment but are an asset on
most construction and agricultural projects. The only main difference between skid steer loaders
and posi track loaders is whether they have wheels or tracks. They both have compact bodies
with a front bucket and can independently steer both wheel sides.
Thanks to this skid steers and posi tracks have excellent maneuverability, literally being able to
turn on the spot. The bucket arms also have high maneuverability, being able to lift well above
the machine. Skid steers and posi tracks are perfect for small to medium projects that need
materials moved regularly.

Dump Trucks
Dump trucks are essential machines to have on any major construction, mining, or quarry
operation. They are essentially a larger version of a tipper but are designed to handle off-road
conditions and carry higher quantities of materials. Articulated dump trucks are used on medium-
sized projects and projects with difficult terrain. Whereas rigid dump trucks are used on major
mining projects with even terrain and can carry even more material.

180 Degree Backhoe Loader

A backhoe loader features powerful hydraulics to provide exceptional digging, trenching, back-
filling, and material-handling functions. Their versatile and robust build means that they are
utilized throughout the construction industry for digging foundations for some of the largest
building projects, as well as to assist with breaking asphalt and road surfacing, and with
demolition and excavating projects. They are also heavily relied on in the landscaping industry,
as they can shift a lot of material in a very short space of time.
Backhoes provide great power alongside precise handling and performance, allowing you to work
in areas of restricted size, where a larger machine may not be able to gain access or safely
operate. Ultimately, their smaller size and versatility make them a more effective and productive
tool to invest.

360 Degree Excavator

An excavator, sometimes known as a digger or mechanical shovel, is a huge piece of heavy
construction equipment. Its versatility means that it is a very common piece of equipment used
for everything from trenching, material handling, and digging foundations to forestry,
landscaping, mining, and even river dredging.
The cab of the machine is situated on a rotating platform, the ‘house’, which features a boom,
stick and bucket, all on top of the carriage which either has wheels or tracks for maneuvering.

Loading Shovel
A loading shovel is a heavy-duty vehicle used throughout the construction industry. Because it is
a wheeled vehicle it is extremely versatile and has been specifically designed to assist with an
array of tasks.
They are most commonly utilized in the moving and loading of materials in a range of
applications, such as quarrying, ground clearance, block handling, waste, and recycling handling,
and agriculture.
Overhead Gantry Crane
Overhead gantry cranes (bridge cranes, suspension cranes, or overhead traveling cranes) are
large pieces of machinery featuring a crane that can lift heavy objects via a hoist system attached
to a trolley.
The ends are supported by a gantry beam which rests on wheels and runs along rails. Gantry
cranes are usually installed on the side walls of a factory or large building, as well as docks and
outdoor construction areas, meaning the crane can lift and carry objects the entire length of the
building. Most commonly utilized in the manufacturing of large equipment and vehicles, loading,
and materials handling.

Lorry Loader
A lorry loader crane, or articulating crane, is a hydraulic articulated arm fitted to a truck or lorry
that is most commonly used for loading and unloading materials from the vehicle, popular
because the transport and movement of the load only requires one vehicle, rather than a lorry
to transport and a separate crane to load/unload.
The ‘arm’ is made up of sections that can be folded away when not required, and can have a
telescopic section fitted for higher lifting capabilities. Most cranes allow the operator to see the
load from the cab of the vehicle, but because of the positioning of the arm, the operative would
either need a fully trained banks man to direct the movement or would need to operate the crane
from a remote or cabled control panel that allows them to leave the cab and view the operation.

Forward Tipping Dumper

A forward tipping dumper is smaller, but an incredibly useful piece of onsite machinery. It is
usually a 4-wheeled vehicle, with a load skip situated at the front, allowing the driver to keep an
eye on the load whilst transporting it around the site.
Commonly used to transport waste and materials, the front skip can be tipped to dump the load
when the driver reaches the required location. As a robust and sturdy vehicle, it can also be
utilized as a towing vehicle to move other equipment or vehicles around the site.

Ride on Road Roller

A ride-on roller (sometimes known as a roller-compactor or roller) is a compacting engineering
vehicle, used to compress soil, gravel, or asphalt. Ranging in size to suit different applications,
they use the weight of the large drum at the front of the vehicle to compress the surface beneath.
They are most commonly utilized in construction and road works, or to prepare ground
foundations for building projects, but are also used in agriculture and at landfill sites to compact
waste materials into smaller spaces.