Question-1) Independent Samples

One year at Arizona State University, the algebra course director decided
` to experiment
with a new teaching method that might reduce variability in final exam scores by
eliminating lower scores. The director randomly divided the algebra students who were
registered for class at 9:40 A.M. into two groups. One of the groups, called the control
group, was taught the usual algebra course; the other group,
called the experimental group, was taught by the new teaching method. Both classes
covered the same material, took the same unit quizzes, and took the same final exam at
the same time. The final-exam scores (out of 40 possible) for the two groups are shown in
the following table.

a) Do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that there is less variation
among final-exam scores when the new teaching method is used? Perform an F-
test at the 5% significance level.
(Note: s1 = 7.813 and s2 = 5.286.)

b) Based on your results from part (a), given the choice between using a pool t test
or non-pooled t test which would you choose to test the hypothesis that a
difference exists in the mean final-exam scores for students taught by the
conventional method and those taught by the new method.
Question 2
In the paper “Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Neonate and Asymmetric Growth
Restriction” (Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vol. 91, No. 3, pp. 336–341), M. Williams et al.
reported on a study of characteristics of neonates. Infants treated for pulmonary
hypertension, called the PH group, were compared with those not so treated, called the
control group. One of the characteristics measured was head circumference. The
following data, in centimeters (cm), are based on the results obtained by the researchers.

a. Do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that variation in head

circumference differs among neonates treated for pulmonary hypertension and those
not so treated? Perform an F-test at the 5% significance level. (Note: s1 = 1.907 and s2
= 1.594).
b. Based on your results from part (a), given the choice between using a pool t test or
non- pooled t test which would you choose to test the hypothesis that mean head
circumference of neonates treated for pulmonary hypertension and those not so treated is
different.
Question 3
During the 1960s, liquor stores either were run by the state as a monopoly or were
privately owned. Independent samples of state-run and privately-owned liquor stores
yielded the following prices, in dollars, for a fifth of Seagram’s 7 Crown Whiskey.

a) Do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that there was more price
variation in state-run stores than in privately owned stores?
Perform an F-test at the 0.01significance level.

b) Based on your results from part (a), given the choice between using a pool t test
or non-pooled t test which would you choose to test the hypothesis that a
difference exists in the mean price of state run and privately-owned stores.
 Question 4) Mann Whitney test

The number of grams of carbohydrates contained in 1- ounce servings of randomly

selected chocolate and non-chocolate candy is listed here.

Perform the required hypothesis test to check if the there is sufficient evidence to conclude
that the difference in the means is significant? Use α =0.05
Assuming Same shape population

Question 5

The table shows the numbers of calories in a

serving for a random sample of ice cream
flavors for two brands.
Assuming same shape population
USe the appropriate test, can you conclude that
there exist a difference in mean number of
calories for two brands.

Question 6 ) Researchers have asked several smokers how many cigarettes they had smoked in the
previous day. Here are the data. At the 5% level of significance is there a mean difference between
numbers of cigarettes smoked per day between the sexes? Note: Assuming same shape population

Women Men
4 2
7 2
20 5
20 6
8
16
Q-7) The National Center for Education Statistics surveys college libraries to obtain information on
the number of volumes held. Results of the surveys are published in the Digest of Education Statistics
and Academic Libraries. Independent random samples of public and private colleges yielded the
following data on number of volumes held, in thousands. At the 5% significance level, can you
conclude that the median number of volumes held by public colleges is less than that held by private
colleges?(Assuming same shape population).

Q-8) The Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes data on weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary
workers in Employment and Earnings. Independent random samples of male and female workers gave
the following data on weekly earnings, in dollars.At the 5% significance level, do the data provide
sufficient evidence to conclude that the median weekly earnings of male fulltime fulltime wage and
salary workers exceeds the median weekly earnings of female full-time wage and salary workers?
Assuming same shape populations.

Question 9 Dependent Sample Case

A food manufacturer claims that eating its new cereal as part of a daily diet lowers total blood
cholesterol levels. The table shows the total blood cholesterol levels (in milligrams per deciliter of
blood) of seven patients before eating the cereal and after one year of eating the
cereal as part of their diets. Perform the test at 0.05 level of significance to conclude that the new
cereal lowers total blood cholesterol levels? What is the appropriate test you use here to test the claim?

Perform the normality test to check the difference variable’s normality and decide accordingly

Questions 10 )
A shoe manufacturer claims that athletes can increase their vertical jump heights using the
manufacturer’s new Strength Shoes®. The vertical jump heights of eight randomly selected athletes
are measured. After the athletes have used the Strength Shoes® for 8 months, their vertical jump
heights are measured again. The vertical jump heights (in inches) for each athlete are shown in the
table. At is there enough evidence to support the manufacturer’s claim?

Perform the normality test to check the difference variable’s normality and decide accordingly

Assuming α= 0.05
Question 11
A pharmaceutical company claims that the new tablet for reduction in cholesterol is effective. To test
this claim, a medical practitioner selects 10 patients randomly who were facing the problem of high
cholesterol and asked them to take tablets for two months. After two months the physician got the
cholesterol levels of the patients. Following table summarizes the cholesterol levels of 10 randomly
selected patients before and after taking tablets.
Can we conclude that the new tablet is effective in reducing blood cholesterol levels? What is the
appropriate test you use here to test the claim?

Perform the normality test to check the difference variable’s normality and decide accordingly
Patient 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Before 24 22 25 28 35 32 30 27
After 26 25 29 29 33 34 35 30

Question 12
A teacher claims that a grammar seminar will help students reduce the number of grammatical errors
they make when writing a 1000-word essay. The table shows the
number of grammatical errors made by seven students before
participating in the seminar and after participating
in the seminar.

Perform the normality test to check the difference variable’s normality and decide accordingly

Is there enough evidence to conclude that the seminar reduced the number of errors? ? What is the
appropriate test you use here to test the claim?