1.
Introduction to Java:
- Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language known for its platform
independence and robustness.
- Java applications are compiled into bytecode and executed on the Java Virtual Machine
(JVM).
- Basic structure: Java programs are composed of classes, and each class contains
methods.
2. Setting up Java Development Environment:
- Install the Java Development Kit (JDK) on your computer.
- Set up the environment variables to access the JDK.
- Use an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) like Eclipse, IntelliJ IDEA, or
NetBeans for coding.
3. Java Syntax:
- Class declaration: A class serves as a blueprint for creating objects.
public class MyClass {
// class members
}
Main method: The entry point of a Java program.
public static void main(String[] args) {
// program logic
}
Variables and data types: Declare variables to store data.
int age = 25;
double salary = 50000.0;
String name = "John"
Control flow: Use control statements to alter program flow.
if (condition) {
// code to execute if condition is true
} else {
// code to execute if condition is false
}
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
// code to repeat
}
while (condition) {
// code to repeat as long as condition is true
}
```
Methods: Define reusable blocks of code.
public void greet() {
System.out.println("Hello!");
}
Object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts: Classes, objects, inheritance,
polymorphism, and encapsulation.
4. Input and Output:
Reading input from the user:
import java.util.Scanner;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter your name: ");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
Writing output to the console:
System.out.println("Hello, " + name + "!");
5. Arrays and Collections:
Arrays: Fixed-size collections of elements of the same type.
int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
Collections: Dynamic-size collections with additional functionality.
import java.util.ArrayList;
ArrayList<String> names = new ArrayList<>();
names.add("Alice");
names.add("Bob");
6. Exception Handling:
Catching and handling exceptions to prevent program crashes.
try {
// code that may throw an exception
} catch (Exception e) {
// code to handle the exception
}
