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Data Analytics Intro

The document discusses various qualitative and quantitative data analysis methods that researchers commonly use to examine and draw conclusions from data. It covers content analysis, descriptive analysis techniques including measures of central tendency and dispersion, hypothesis testing, regression analysis, factor analysis, dispersion analysis, discriminant analysis, and time series analysis. The appropriate analysis method depends on the nature of the data and research objectives.

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Tharindu ParakHrama
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6 views

Data Analytics Intro

The document discusses various qualitative and quantitative data analysis methods that researchers commonly use to examine and draw conclusions from data. It covers content analysis, descriptive analysis techniques including measures of central tendency and dispersion, hypothesis testing, regression analysis, factor analysis, dispersion analysis, discriminant analysis, and time series analysis. The appropriate analysis method depends on the nature of the data and research objectives.

Uploaded by

Tharindu ParakHrama
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Title: Data Analysis Methods

Introduction
Data analysis is a critical process that involves inspecting, cleaning, transforming,
and interpreting data to extract valuable insights and make informed decisions. In
this lecture note, we will explore various data analysis methods, both qualitative and
quantitative, that researchers and analysts commonly use to examine and draw
conclusions from data.

1. Qualitative Methods:

Content Analysis
Content analysis is a research technique used to systematically analyze the content
of qualitative data, such as text, images, audio, or video. It involves identifying
patterns, themes, and trends within the data to draw meaningful conclusions.
Researchers often use content analysis to study media, social interactions, survey
responses, and other forms of unstructured data.

2. Quantitative Analysis Methods

a) Descriptive Analysis Techniques:


Descriptive analysis involves summarizing and presenting data in a meaningful and
understandable manner. The following techniques are commonly used in descriptive
analysis:

i) Measures of Central Tendency:


- Mean: The average value of a dataset.
- Median: The middle value of a dataset when it is ordered.
- Mode: The value that appears most frequently in a dataset.

ii) Measures of Dispersion:


- Standard Deviation: A measure of how spread out the values in a dataset are from
the mean.
- Range: The difference between the maximum and minimum values in a dataset.
- Variance: The average of the squared differences from the mean.

iii) Frequency Distribution:


A table or graph that shows how often each value or range of values occurs in a
dataset.

iv) Hypothesis Testing:


Hypothesis testing is a statistical method used to make inferences about a population
based on sample data. It helps to determine if there are significant differences
between groups or if an observed effect is real or due to chance.

3. Specific Descriptive Analysis Techniques:

i) Regression Analysis:
Regression analysis is used to examine the relationship between one dependent
variable and one or more independent variables. It helps identify the strength and
direction of the relationship and can be used for prediction and hypothesis testing.

ii) Factor Analysis:


Factor analysis is a statistical method used to identify underlying factors that explain
the correlations among observed variables. It helps reduce the dimensionality of the
data and discover latent variables.
iii) Dispersion Analysis (ANOVA - Analysis of Variance):
Dispersion analysis, or ANOVA, is used to compare means between two or more
groups to determine if there are any statistically significant differences.

iv) Discriminant Analysis:


Discriminant analysis is a technique used to classify observations into different
groups based on their characteristics or attributes.

v) Time Series Analysis:


Time series analysis is used to study patterns, trends, and seasonality in data
collected over time. It helps make forecasts and predictions for future values based
on historical patterns.

Conclusion:
Data analysis methods are essential tools for researchers and analysts to derive
valuable insights from both qualitative and quantitative data. The methods covered
in this lecture note, such as content analysis, descriptive analysis, regression
analysis, factor analysis, dispersion analysis, discriminant analysis, and time series
analysis, equip analysts with a diverse range of approaches to handle and interpret
data effectively. Remember, the appropriate method depends on the nature of the
data and the research objectives.

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