KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

(AUTONOMOUS)
NAMAKKAL - TRICHY MAIN ROAD, THOTTIAM, TRICHY
DEPARTMENT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND DATA SCIENCE
20AD503 & MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES
QUESTION BANK
UNIT I
MACHINE LEARNING BASICS
PART A
1 Compare learning vs programming.
2 Examine the importance of machine learning algorithms.
3 Summarize algorithm technique in ML
4 What are major components involved in each machine algorithm?
5 List different forms of learning.
6 Build the machine learning framework.
7 Draw basic learning system model.

8 What are the factors affecting the performance of machine learning algorithm?

9 Compare generic machine model and discriminate machine learning model.

10 Discuss major applications of machine learning.

11 Define Gaussian process.

12 Distinguish Joint probability vs conditional probability.

13 Point out/examine supervised learning category and technique.

14 Define maximum likelihood estimation (MLE).

15 Explain semi supervised learning?

16 Explain Inductive machine learning?

17 How AI differ from Machine learning?

18 Discuss the difference between training set and testing set.

19 List the application software tools.

PART B
1 What is machine learning? Discuss about learning and machine learning. Choose various
types of machine learning.
2 Demonstrate the supervised learning structure.
3 Explain briefly about unsupervised learning structure?
4 Examine in detail about machine learning process with an example.
5 Explain various learning techniques involved in supervised learning?
6 Explain various learning techniques involved in unsupervised learning?
7 How to develop /frame inductive learning and summarize the machine learning process?
8 Explain generative machine learning model and analyze how it differ from discriminative
machine learning model?
9 What is Gaussian process? And explain in detail of Gaussian parameter estimates with
suitable examples.
10 Develop procedure in parameter estimation for Bayesian parameter estimation.
11 Discuss about MLE and how it derive from MAP and extreme estimator.
12 Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of Gaussian process
13 Short note on a) Bias and variance
b) Bias and variance trade off.
UNIT II
MACHINE LEARNING METHODS
PART A
1 Compare biological neuron and artificial neuron
2 Draw the structure of artificial single neuron based on biological neuron
3 List out major parts of biological neuron
4 Discuss about types of artificial neural networks
5 What is the drawback of McCulloch & Pitts mathematical model of an artificial neuron?
6 Define perceptron
7 Draw the simple perceptron model.
8 Identify the parameters in a perceptron network and its significance
9 Why XOR problem could not be solved by simple perceptron?
10 Define multilayer perceptron
11 How a multilayer perceptron solve XOR problem?
13 List some linear and nonlinear activation function
14 Apply the formula for sigmoidal function
15 How to estimate error in the output layer?
16 How to evaluate the update weight in back propagation?
17 When to use the regression?
 PART B
1 Explain biological Neuron.
2 Explain simple model of an Artificial Neuron and its functions.
3 Construct and explain Artificial Neural network structure.
4 Determine activation function and list few activation function with description.
5 Summarize and Explain various types of artificial neural network.
6 Explain application of ANN and list the challenges of ANN.
list Advantages and disadvantages of ANN.
7 Develop simple perception model and explain learning theory.
8 Analyze the XOR is not linearly separable? Justify how it can be solved.
9 List the factors affecting MLP performance and explain each.
10 What is the importance of MLP? Explain learning in MLP.
11 Compare Linear Vs nonlinear regression.
Explain back propagation nonlinear regression.
12 Explain Back propagation network.
13 Discuss the steps involved in Back propagation algorithm.
14 How dimensionality reduction is important in NN? Justify.
UNIT III
MACHINE LEARNING IN PRACTICE
PART A
1 Explain biological Neuron.
2 Explain simple model of an Artificial Neuron and its functions.
3 Construct and explain Artificial Neural network structure.
4 Determine activation function and list few activation function with description.
5 Summarize and Explain various types of artificial neural network.
6 Explain application of ANN and list the challenges of ANN.
list Advantages and disadvantages of ANN.
7 Develop simple perception model and explain learning theory.
8 Analyze the XOR is not linearly separable? Justify how it can be solved.
9 List the factors affecting MLP performance and explain each.
10 What is the importance of MLP? Explain learning in MLP.
11 Compare Linear Vs nonlinear regression. Explain back propagation nonlinear
 regression.
12 Explain Back propagation network.
13 Discuss the steps involved in Back propagation algorithm.
14 How dimensionality reduction is important in NN? Justify.
PART B
1 Design single layer perceptron with two iteration. Consider the perceptron having with the
initial weights w1=0.5, w2 = 0, learning rate α=0.2 and bias ᶿ =0.4 for AND Boolean
function. The activation function is the Step function f(x) which gives the output either 0 or
1. If value of f(x) is greater than or equal to 0, it outputs 1 or else it outputs 0.
2 Perform a feedforward operation in a Multi-Layer Perception and conclude the result. This
given MLP consists of an Input layer, one Hidden layer and an Output layer. The input
layer has 4 neurons, the hidden layer has 2 neurons and the output layer has a single neuron
and the Learning rate is 0.8 .
3 Design Back propagation using Multi-Layer Perception which has three layers like the
input layer has 4 neurons, the hidden layer has 2 neurons and the output layer has a single
neuron. Train the MLP by updating the weights and biases in the network. Learning rate:
=0.8. Refer Q.no : 3 for the structure of MLP and their weights.
4 What is Boosting? Discuss with neat relevant example?
5 Explain the concept of Bagging with its uses?
6 What is Random forest? Explain with example?
7 Explain any 2 machine learning algorithms and their performance factors?
8 Discuss Linear Discriminate Analysis algorithm with neat sketch?
9 Discuss Learning Vector Quantization algorithm with neat sketch?
10 Explain boosting and ADA boosting algorithm with neat sketch?
 UNIT IV
MACHINE LEARNING AND DATA ANALYTICS
PART A

1 Define entropy
2 Relate entropy and information gain
3 Define regression
4 What is the role of regression model in exploratory data analysis?
5 What is CART?
6 How does CART solve the regression problems?
7 Compare regression and Estimations
8 Compare classification and regression models
9 What is the principle of ordinary least square in linear regression?
10 Compare linear regression model and logistic regression model
11 Identify pros and cons of regression models.

12 Develop the concepts of K- Nearest Neighbours.

13 What are benefits of K- NN algorithm?
14 Identify the disadvantage of K- NN algorithm
15 Discuss how data normalization / standardization is required in K-NN?
16 List out the advantages of SVM
17 What do you understand by similarity based learning?
18 Discuss instance based learning vs model based learning.
19 How does the structure of decision tree help in classifying a data instance?
20 What are the different metrics used in deciding the splitting attribute?
PART B
1 Build the structure of a decision tree.
2 Explain logistic regression with suitable example
3 Discuss about linear regression and derive the Individual error &
Minimization functions.
4 Write short notes on (i) Regression and Correlation
(ii) Limitation of Regression model
5 Explain the difference between linear and logistics regression with example.
6 What are the Metrics used to validate the result of regression and explain each.
7 How to construct Regression tree and write procedure to construct regression tree with
example.
8 Explain CART (Classification & Regression tree) algorithm with example.
9 Compare Instance based learning and Model based learning. List example of Instance-based
learning algorithm.
10 What is the role of kernels? Classify the different type of Kernel.
11 List the advantages of SVM and how optimal Hyperplane differ from Hyper plane
12 Explain Soft margin support vector machine.
13 Explain weighted K-nearest Neighbor algorithm.

14 Develop the following (i) Kernel based non-linear classifier.

(ii) Support Vector Regression.

UNIT V
APPLICATIONS OF MACHINE LEARNING
PART A

1 Define Pattern?
2 Explain pattern recognition
3 Compare statistical and structural approaches in pattern recognition
4 State Bayes theorem.
5 Illustrate the random variable.
6 Examine the parametric estimation method.
7 Distinguish between maximum likely hood and Bayes’ method.
8 Explain feature extraction.
9 List properties of expectation-maximization algorithm.
10 What is clustering?
11 List Parametric and Non-Parametric techniques
12 Develop the F1 score? How would you use it?
13 Apply Precision and Recall to any model?
14 Organize how to Tackle Overfitting and Under fitting?
15 Summarize Ensemble learning.
16 Explain Correlation and Covariance?
17 Build the design pattern recognition system.
18 Discuss on Principal Component Analysis.
19 Discuss on non-parametric methods.
20 Define dimensionality reduction.
PART B
1 Explain general principles of likelihood estimation.
2 Recall maximum Likelihood estimation with mean and variance.
3 When the maximum likelihood and Bayes’ method differ? Explain.
4 Explain principle component analysis.
5 Write an algorithm for expectation-maximization.
6 Derive the computation of hidden Markov model.
7 Estimate density Estimation under non-parametric method.
8 Write Short notes on Parzen-Window Estimation Estimation of Posterior Probability.
9 What is Linear Discriminant Function and explain its categories.
10 Write a Descent Algorithm under Relaxation procedures.
11 Describe Support Vector Machine. How the vector developed in the training pattern.
12 Discuss SVM for XOR problems.
13 Examine Pattern Recognition Systems and explain each components.
14 Construct a general Pattern Recognition Systems under design cycle.

FACULTY INCHARGE HOD

2 Define pattern. Develop the design cycle of pattern recognition
system and explain components involved in PR system.
3 List parametric techniques and explain any one.
4 Explain about Dimension reduction and its techniques