THE NOTRE DAME OF LIBUNGAN INC.

LIBUNGAN, NORTH COTABATO

Learning Plan in: Science Grade Level: 8 Date:

Teacher: Johnie Rey P. Villaruz, LPT Quarter: 1st

Topic: Work and Power

Content Standard

The learners demonstrate an understanding of work using constant force, power,

gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy, and elastic potential energy

Performance Standard

The learners shall be able to develop a written plan and implement a “Newton’s Olympics”

Learning Competencies

 explain work and power identify situations in which work is done and in which no
work is done

Specific Objectives:
 define the term work, power and energy
 describe how work is related to energy
 solve problems involving work, power and energy

I. INTRODUCTION AND PRELIMINARIES/EXPLORE (2 mins)

1. GREETINGS
2. SETTLING DOWN
3. PRAYER
4. ATTENDANCE
5. REVIEW

MOTIVATION; SITUATIONAL AND PICTURE ANALYSIS

Direction: The teacher will show pictures and different situations and ask the students to
identify the one doing work and on which the object the work is done. The student should
be able to arrive at the concept that work is done on an object when the force applied to it
covers distance in the direction of the applied force.

Process Questions:
1. What comes to your mind if you hear the word work?
2. What can you see in the picture? Which picture/situations shows the one doing the
work and on which the object the work is done?
 A girl is pulling her toy car - Yes
 A man is lifting a box to be placed on the table - Yes
 A girl carrying a bag walks down the streets - Yes
 A mango fruit falling from the branch - Yes

Transition statement
The situations that I have presented about work will lead us to more meaningful
discussions about work and power. Let us journey and learn science together.

Activity NO. 1. Video Presentation

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gv4cshx8Khg

Introduction:
Work ( W ) is the energy transferred to or from an object by means of a force acting on the
object. Energy transferred to the object is positive work, and energy transferred from the
object is negative work.
 If an object moves in response to your application of a force, you have performed
work. The further it moves under the influence of your force, the more work you
perform. There are only two relevant variables in one dimension:
the force, Fx, and the displacement, s
The Formula is W = F (N) x s (displacement in meters)

Energy = is the ability to do work

Activity No. Let’s do the exercise

Direction: The student will solve the problem individually
Example:
A crate of mass 50kg is pushed along a floor with a force of 20N for
a distance of 5m. Calculate the work done.
Solution:
Use
WD = Fxd
= 20N x 5m
WD = 100Nm
But energy transformed = work done
Energy is measured in Joules (J) so Nm must be the same
unit as J.
This means we can say that
WD = 100J

Note that the mass of the crate is not required to answer the
question. The mass would be required if we needed to calculate the
work done by lifting the crate but not by pushing

Example:
How far must a 5N force pull a 50g toy car if 30J of energy are
transferred?
Solution:
Use
WD = F x s
Rearrange to get!
d = WD
F = 30
5
so s = 6m

Example:
A man exerts a force of 2kN on a boulder but fails to move it.
Calculate the work done.
Solution:
Use
WD = F x d d = 0 because the boulder does
not move
= 2000 x 0
so
WD = 0
If an object does not move when the force is applied then no
work is done. Work is only done if the object moves.

Gravitational Potential Energy

Whenever we lift up an object we are providing a force to act against
gravity. By lifting the object we are storing energy in it. We can
calculate the energy stored in an object when it is raised up by
looking at the work done in lifting it.
Imagine that a box of mass m is lifted up to a height h above the
ground.
The force that must be overcome to move
the box is the weight due to gravity. The
weight (W) is given by
Formula : W = mass x gravitational field strength
W = mg ( force to lift something )

Now we can use WD = F x d to calculate the stored energy.

WD = F x d
= (mg) x d
= (mg) x h
so
WD = mgh
This tells us that the energy needed to lift something (E) is given by
E = mass x gravitational field strength x height
In other words, the potential energy stored in the object by raising
it up is given by

E = mgh
Example:
A football of mass 2.5kg is lifted up to the top of a cliff that is 180m
high. How much potential energy does the football gain?
Solution:
Use
E p = mgh
= 2.5 x 10 x 180
so
E p = 4500

Power
Power is the way we measure how quickly energy is being changed. When we look at the
power of a moving object, we are really looking at how fast work is happening. Power is
measured in Watts.
We define power as!

Power = work done

time taken
and using symbols, we write this as!
P = F x d/t

Example:
A person of mass 70kg runs up a flight of stairs with a vertical height
of 5m. If the trip takes 7s to complete, calculate the person’s
power.
Solution:
WD = Ep = mgh
= 70 x 10 x 5
= 3500J!
Power = work done = 3500
time 7
so
Power = 500W

Example:
A lift motor has to move a fully laden lift 4m between floors in 1.5s.
The lift has a mass of 1850kg (ignore friction).
a) Calculate the weight of the fully laden lift.
W = mg = 1850 x 10 = 18500N
b) What is the upward force in the cable when the lift is moving at a
constant speed?
At constant speed, forces must be balanced.
Upward force = downward force (weight)
Upward force = 18500N
c) What is the work done by the motor?
WD = F x d
= 18500 x 4
so
WD = 74000J
d) What is the minimum power of the motor to raise the lift at a
steady speed?
Steady speed means forces are balanced.!
Power = work done
time
= 7400
1.5
so
Power = 49333W

II. INTERACTION ( LESSON DEELOPMENT/FIRM UP/DEEPEN (10 mins)

 The teacher will present additional enrichment information to the concepts and
topics
 The teacher will explain and cite examples of concepts and solutions of Work and
Power
 Let the students analyze and solve problems about work and power
 Let the students answer assessment about the topic.

III. INTEGRATION (BROADENING OF CONCEPTS/TRANSFER) (3 mins)

A. Core Values/School Formation Standards

The values of collaboration, excellence, faith, promptness is being integrated in these
week activities.
B. Learning Across Discipline
The students will learn the application learning about solving power, energy and
work in mathematics.

SUMMARY/CLOSURE
The teacher let the students summarize their understanding and learning through
speaking what they have learned and writing through their exit cards.

EVALUATION
The teacher will administer a short quiz to check the student’s mastery of the lesson and
their skills.
Direction: Read and answer carefully the following items and select or encircle the letter of
the correct answer. (10 points)

1. Look at the situations below. Is work being done or not?

a. pushing a box c. carrying a bag of groceries
b. walking with a backpack d. lifting a bag of groceries
2. Which of the following activities that involve work done in everyday life.
a. pushing a concrete wall c. washing dishes
b. walking d. sitting on the floor
3. What are the unit and symbol for work?
Unit : Joule Symbol: J
4. Which of the following factors that affect work done?
a.time b. force c. displacement d. b and c
 5. If a student is lifting a weight of 500 g 0.5 m vertically from the floor and the force
applied on the spring balance is 5 N. Calculate the work done by the student.
a. 2.5 J b. 2.6 j c. 2.7 J d. 2.8 J
Solution
F = 5, S = 0.5 m
W=Fxs
W = 5N x 0.5 m
W = 2.5 J or 2.5 Nm
6. Aaron pushes the table with a mass of 20 kg and has a displacement of 2 m.
Calculate the word done and assume gravitational force acting on an object of mass 1
kg=10 N.
Solution
m = 20 kg W = Fxs
s=2m W = 200N x 2m
F = W -= Mxg W = 400J or 400 Nm
F = 20 kg x 10N/kg
F = 200 N
7. The mass of student is 45kg. Calculate work done by the student when he carrying a
load of 1.5 kg while climbing a stair of a vertical height of 6m.
Solutions
Mtotal = Mstudent + Mload
Mtotal = 45kg + 1.5 kg
Mtotal = 46.5 kg

F = W= mxg W = Fxs
F = 46.5 KG X 10N/kg W = 465Nx6m
F = 465 N W = 2790 J or 2790 Nm
s=6m
8. What is the definition of energy?
a. energy is the ability to do work c. energy is potential and kinetic
b. energy is power d. energy is dynamic
9. What is the S.I. unit for energy?
a. Joule (J) b. Mass c. Newton d. displacement
10.What is the definition of Power?
Power is the rate of doing work.

11.A worker had done 150 J of work in 5 s. Calculate the power he generated.
W = 150 J P = W/t
t = 5s P = 150 J/5s
P = 30 W or 30Js
12. A monkey weighing 50N climbed a height of 3 m up a tree in 20s. Calculate work done
and power needed by the monkey.
F = 50N Work done: Power:
s = 3m W = Fxs P = W/t
t = 20s W =50N x 3m P = 150 J/20s
W = 150 J P = 7.5 W
13. Calculate the power needed by a washing machine when the work done is 120 KJ
within 2 minutes.
W = 120 KJ 1 KJ = 1000 J
W = 120 x 1000 = 120, 000 J 1 minute = 60 s
t = 2 x 60 = 120 s
P = W/t
P = 120 000 J/120 s
P = 1 000 W or 1kW

Assignment: (Activity Notebook 10 pts.)

1. Research about Potential and Kinetic Energy