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Practice File 06

The objective of this lab is to practice friend functions and friend classes in C++. Friend functions can access private members of classes. Friend classes allow all functions of one class to access private members of another class. The document provides examples of using friend functions to add members of two classes and check if a number is the sum of two prime numbers. It also gives an example of using a friend class to check if two circles overlap.

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11 views5 pages

Practice File 06

The objective of this lab is to practice friend functions and friend classes in C++. Friend functions can access private members of classes. Friend classes allow all functions of one class to access private members of another class. The document provides examples of using friend functions to add members of two classes and check if a number is the sum of two prime numbers. It also gives an example of using a friend class to check if two circles overlap.

Uploaded by

bitf20a029
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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5 CC-214 Object Oriented Programming Lab

Spring 2024
Issue Date: March 23, 2024
LAB-06

The objective of this lab is to:


1. Practice Friend Functions, Friend Classes
Instructions!
1. Strictly follow good coding conventions (commenting, meaningful variable and functions names,
properly indented and modular code.
2. Save your work frequently. Make a habit of pressing CTRL+S after every line of code you write.
3. Beware of memory leaks and dangling pointers.

Friend Functions:
A friend function in C++ is a function that is declared outside a class but is capable of accessing the
private and protected members of the class. There could be situations in programming where we want
two classes to share their members. These members may be data members, class functions or function
templates. In such cases, we make the desired function, a friend to both these classes which will allow
accessing private and protected data of members of the class.
Generally, non-member functions cannot access the private members of a particular class. Once
declared as a friend function, the function is able to access the private and the protected members of
these classes.
Example:
The picture code below shows the declaration, definition and working of friend function

Madiha Khalid Page 1 of 5


Department of Software Engineering, University of the
Punjab.
5 CC-214 Object Oriented Programming Lab
Spring 2024
Issue Date: March 23, 2024
LAB-06

Output:

Example (Add Members of Two Different Classes using Friend Function):

Output:

Explanation:
In this program, Class A and Class B have declared add( ) as a friend function. Thus, this function can
access private data of both classes. One thing to notice here is the friend function inside Class A is using
the Class B. However, we haven 't defined Class B at this point. For this to work, we need a forward
declaration of Class B in our program (This point is also discussed in comments).

Madiha Khalid Page 2 of 5


Department of Software Engineering, University of the
Punjab.
5 CC-214 Object Oriented Programming Lab
Spring 2024
Issue Date: March 23, 2024
LAB-06

Friend Classes:
A friend class can access private and protected members of other classes in which it is declared as a
friend. It is sometimes useful to allow a particular class to access private and protected members of other
classes.
Example:
Earlier we discussed how a friend function of a class can access its members. If we make the whole class
(ClassB) a friend of other class (ClassA). Now any function of ClassB will have access to all the
members.

Output:

Since ClassB is a friend class, we can access members of ClassA in ClassB by making an object of
ClassA in ClassB. For accessing we don’t have to use getters and setters we can directly access private
members because of the friend relation between two.

Madiha Khalid Page 3 of 5


Department of Software Engineering, University of the
Punjab.
5 CC-214 Object Oriented Programming Lab
Spring 2024
Issue Date: March 23, 2024
LAB-06

Practice Tasks
 Do All the Tasks in Multi Files.
Task 1: (20 Marks)

 Write a program in C++ to Check Whether a Number can be Express as Sum of Two Prime
Numbers using the friend function. Make a class named as Prime. It’ll contain a Private
member Function bool isPrime(int n).
bool isSumOfTwoPrimes(int n) is a friend function to this class. It’ll use private member
Function isPrime() of the Prime class to check whether the given number is sum of 2 prime
numbers or not.
You have to use your own knowledge to implement a class and a friend function to that class.
Pictorial Representation:

Task 2: (10 Marks)


Create a class named Circle that represents a circle. The class should have private data members
for the radius and center coordinates (x, y) of the circle. Implement a friend function named isOverlap
Madiha Khalid Page 4 of 5
Department of Software Engineering, University of the
Punjab.
5 CC-214 Object Oriented Programming Lab
Spring 2024
Issue Date: March 23, 2024
LAB-06
outside the class, which takes two Circle objects as arguments and checks whether they overlap or not.
Two circles are considered to overlap if the distance between their centers is less than or equal to the sum
of their radii.

Here is the formula to calculate distance between Centers of both the circles
double distance = sqrt (pow ((X2 – X1), 2) + pow ((Y2 - Y1), 2));
For sqrt and pow You can use cmath library.

Submit a zip folder named as YourRollNo_PracticeFile_06.zip containing all .cpp, .h files on Google
classroom.

Madiha Khalid Page 5 of 5


Department of Software Engineering, University of the
Punjab.

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