Lateral Periodontal Cyst in A Pediatric Patient Report of 1389

Journal of Pediatric Dentistry & Hygiene ISSN: 2766-5836
Case Report
Lateral Periodontal Cyst in a Pediatric Patient - Report

of a Rare Case
Nagaveni NB*
Garike Dental Care, Davangere, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Lateral Periodontal cyst is a rarely occurring non-inflammatory odontogenic cyst most commonly encountered in adults. Most of the time, it is
found asymptomatic, and usually found on routine radiographic examination of the teeth. The aim of this article is to present development of a
lateral periodontal cyst in a pediatric patient. The article also briefly reviews the literature concerning the cyst.
Keywords: Odontogenic cyst; Non-inflammatory; Lateral periodontal cyst; Pediatric patient; Enucleation
Introduction
Lateral Periodontal Cyst (LPC) is a relatively uncommon but well
recognized type of developmental odontogenic cyst that accounts for
0.8% to 2.3% of all odontogenic cysts [1]. It is a non-inflammatory
and intra-osseous type of cyst usually found on the lateral surface of
the root of a vital tooth. Radiographically it appears as an oval, tear
drop shape with well-defined sclerotic border. It was first described
by Nordquist in 1947 and is commonly found in adults aged 30 to
50 years. However, it can also occur in children, but the frequency is
very less. Therefore, with the intention of presenting report on rare
occurrence of asymptomatic lateral periodontal cyst in an Indian
Figure 1: Orthopantomograph showing Lateral periodontal cyst between
patient the present article is published. The paper also provides roots of mandibular left first and second premolars (yellow arrows).
information about LPC including its incidence, diagnosis, treatment,
and prognosis. Discussion
Case Presentation Incidence
A 15-year-old female patient who is already taking orthodontic The incidence of LPC in children is relatively low compared
treatment subjected to orthopantomograph radiograph for planning to adults. According to a study by Anand et al. [2] in 2020, LPC
of extraction of premolars and third molars. Patient did not have any accounted for only 1.9% of all odontogenic cysts in children. Another
signs and symptoms of dental pain or any other intro oral findings. study by El-Naggar et al. [3] (2013) found that LPC accounted for
On radiographic examination a well-defined unilocular, oval shaped only 1.2% of all odontogenic cysts in a pediatric population. However,
radiolucent cystic lesion surrounded by well-defined radiopaque these studies have shown that LPC can occur in children as young as 5
(sclerotic) border was observed in between roots of mandibular left years old, with a peak incidence between the ages of 11 to 20 years old.
first and second premolars. The radiopaque lining of the cyst appeared
to originate from the periodontal ligament of the two teeth. Based on Clinical features
the literature search the pathology was diagnosed as a case of Lateral LPC has shown predilection of occurrence in males compared
Periodontal Cyst. Patient was informed about the condition and as the to females and age ranges from 22 to 85 in adults and in children it
cyst was small in size a treatment plan of enucleation of the cyst under varies from 11 to 20 years [4]. LPC is usually found adjacent to the
local anaesthesia was planned. roots of vital mandibular teeth, especially premolars and canines,
and is often asymptomatic [5]. The cyst may cause root resorption or
displacement of teeth, leading to clinical symptoms such as pain or
Citation: Nagaveni NB. Lateral Periodontal Cyst in a Pediatric Patient swelling [6]. Thirty three percent also accounts for maxillary lateral
- Report of a Rare Case. J Pediatr Dent Hyg. 2023;2(1):1008. incisor areas. Most of the time it remains to be asymptomatic and
Copyright: © 2023 Nagaveni NB usually discovered during routine radiographic examination. When
cyst becomes infected it may resemble a lateral periodontal abscess
Publisher Name: Medtext Publications LLC
and in such cases drainage of cystic content is essential [4].
Manuscript compiled: May 25th, 2023
Etiology
*Corresponding author: Nagaveni NB, Garike Dental Care, Davan-
The etiology of LPC is not yet fully understood, but it is believed
gere, Karnataka, India, E-mail: [email protected]
to arise from the epithelial remnants of the dental lamina, which
© 2023 - Medtext Publications. All Rights Reserved. 07 2023 | Volume 2 | Article 1008
Journal of Pediatric Dentistry & Hygiene
may be stimulated to proliferate by various stimuli such as trauma, Conclusion

inflammation, or infection [7]. Various theories concerning etiology
In conclusion, LPC is a rare odontogenic cyst that typically
and pathogenesis of lesion have been reviewed by Standish and Shafer.
occurs adjacent to the roots of vital mandibular teeth, especially
These cysts appear to arise in association with lateral root surface of
premolars and canines. The etiology of LPC is not fully understood,
an erupted tooth. They are believed to origin from proliferation of
but it is believed to arise from epithelial remnants of the dental
rests of Malaseez, as a primordial cyst of supernumerary tooth germ
lamina. Diagnosis is based on clinical and radiographic findings, and
or originated from rests of dental lamina [4]. In addition, some genetic
histopathological examination is necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
factors have been implicated in the development of LPC [8].
Surgical excision is the treatment of choice, and recurrence is rare.
Diagnosis References
The diagnosis of LPC is based on clinical and radiographic 1. Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Chi AC. Oral and maxillofacial pathology. 4th ed.
findings, and histopathological examination is necessary to confirm St. Louis, Elsevier; 2016. p. 694.
the diagnosis. The diagnosis of LPC can be challenging due to its 2. Anand R, Gupta N, Gupta R. Odontogenic cysts in pediatric patients: a
asymptomatic nature and radiographic similarity to other cystic clinicopathological study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2020;38(3):279-83.
lesions. Therefore, a biopsy is necessary for the definitive diagnosis of
3. El-Naggar AK, Al-Sebaei MO, Al-Samadani KH. Lateral periodontal cyst in a Saudi
LPC [4]. Radiographically, the cyst usually appears as a well-defined
Arabian pediatric population: a retrospective study. Saudi Dent J. 2013;25(2):51-4.
radiolucency, in apposition to lateral surface of a tooth root. Border is
definitive and may be surrounded by thin layer of sclerotic bone [4]. 4. Shafer WG, Hine MK, Levy BM. Shafer's textbook of oral pathology. 7th ed.
Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2018. p. 334.
And histologically, it is lined by a non-keratinized epithelium with
a corrugated or hobnail appearance [3] with one to five cell layers 5. Shahoon H, Ferreira J, Souza LN, Soares AB, de Oliveira PT, de Melo WM. Lateral
lining. Many of the lining cells have a clear, vacuolated, glycogen- periodontal cyst in a 12-year-old boy: a case report. J Can Dent Assoc. 2011;77:b75.
rich cytoplasm. The connective tissue exhibits zone of hyalinization, 6. Bodner L, Bar-Ziv J. Radiographic features of lateral periodontal cysts. Oral Surg Oral
consisting of a thick fibrous non-inflamed cyst wall. Differential Med Oral Pathol. 1987;63(6):688-92.
diagnosis can be made with Botryoid Odontogenic cyst as both show
7. El-Naggar AK, Chan JK, Grandis JR, Takata T, Slootweg PJ. WHO classification of
distinct histologic features. This name reflects similarity to that of head and neck tumours. 4th ed. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer;
cluster of grapes [4]. 2017. p. 218-9.
Treatment 8. Kantaputra PN, Gorlin RJ. Lateral periodontal cyst: a reappraisal. J Oral Pathol Med.
2001;30(8):481-7.
The treatment of LPC typically involves enucleation or
marsupialization of the cystic lesion, followed by the removal of 9. Yu SF, You M, Zheng M, Gao Y, Zhu JH, Zhao YF. Clinical features and long-term
any associated tooth or root fragment [9]. The choice of treatment outcomes of the lateral periodontal cyst: a systematic review. J Oral Pathol Med.
depends on the size of the lesion, location, and patient's age. 2018;47(7):626-31.
Conservative management may be considered for small LPCs, while 10. Gupta B, Anand V, Garg R, Gupta S. Lateral periodontal cyst: a case report. J Clin
more aggressive treatment may be required for larger cysts. Surgical Diagn Res. 2013;7(11):2672.
treatment of LPC has shown to have a high success rate with a low 11. Bhowate R, Khiste S, Puranik R, Pawar R. Lateral periodontal cyst: report of two cases.
recurrence rate [10]. Additionally, long-term follow-up is necessary J Int Oral Health. 2014;6(2):103.
to monitor for any potential recurrence or development of new cystic
lesions [11].
© 2023 - Medtext Publications. All Rights Reserved. 08 2023 | Volume 2 | Article 1008

Lateral Periodontal Cyst in A Pediatric Patient Report of 1389

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lateral Periodontal Cyst in A Pediatric Patient Report of 1389

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lateral Periodontal Cyst in A Pediatric Patient Report of 1389

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Journal of Pediatric Dentistry & Hygiene ISSN: 2766-5836

Lateral Periodontal Cyst in a Pediatric Patient - Report

may be stimulated to proliferate by various stimuli such as trauma, Conclusion

You might also like