Advanced Intelligent Networks

 Advanced IN
 N11 access service,
 ADOB,
 Command routing,
 Call gate,
 Personal access,
 Calling party pays,
 PNS, MCS, PBX & extend service.

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 Advanced IN
 The demand for AIN services far exceeded the availability of network
functionality.
 Service providers could not wait for all the features and functionality as
described in AIN Release 1.
 AIN Release 1 defined all types of requirements, which made the capability
sets too large to be adapted by the industry.
 In North America, the industry agreed to develop subsets of AIN Release 1
that provided for a phased evolution to AIN Release 1.
 AIN 0.1 was the first subset targeted for use in the industry.

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The service switching point (SSP) in this diagram is an AIN–capable switching
system.
 In addition to providing end users with access to the network and
performing any necessary switching functionality, the SSP allows access to
the set of AIN capabilities.
 The SSP has the ability to detect requests for AIN–based services and
establish communications with the AIN service logic located at the SCPs.
 The SSP is able to communicate with other network systems (e.g., intelligent
peripherals) as defined by the individual services.

ISDN

high-speed
interface

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 The service control point (SCP) provides the service control.
 There are two basic parts to an SCP.
 One part is the functionality in which the service logic is installed after the
services have been created.
 This application functionality sits on top of the second basic SCP part—a set of
generic platform functionalities that are developed by SCP vendors.
 This platform functionality is shared among the service logic application
programs in the application functionality.
 The platform functionality also provides the SS7 interface to switching systems.
 As shown in the diagram above, the SCP is connected to SSPs by the SS7
network.

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 The intelligent peripheral (IP) provides resources such as customized and
concatenated voice announcements, voice recognition, and dual-tone multi
frequencies (DTMF) digit collection.
 The IP contains a switching matrix to connect users to these resources.
 In addition, the IP supports flexible information interactions between an end
user and the network.
 It has the resource management capabilities to search for idle resources,
initiate those resources, and then return them to their idle state.

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 The interface between the SSP and the IP is an integrated services digital
network (ISDN), primary rate interface (PRI), and/or basic rate interface
(BRI).
 The IP has the switching functionality that provides the ISDN interface to the
switching system.
 The adjunct shown in the diagram above is functionally equivalent to an SCP,
but it is connected directly to an SSP.
 A high-speed interface supports the communications between an adjunct and
an SSP.
 The application-layer messages are identical in content to those carried by
the SS7 network between the SSP and SCP.

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 The Call Model
•The call model is a generic representation of SSP call-processing activities
required to establish, maintain, and clear a basic call.
•The call model consists of point in calls (PICs), detection points (DPs), and
triggers.
•These are depicted in figure below.

The call
Model

The Call Model: Basic Concept

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 PICs represent the normal switching system activities or states that a call
goes through from origination to termination.
 For example, the null state or the idle state is when the SSP is actually
monitoring the customer's line.
 Other examples of states, or PICs, are off-hook (or origination attempt),
collecting information, analyzing information, routing, alerting, etc.
 Switching systems went through similar stages before AIN was developed.
 However, the advent of AIN introduced a formal call model to which all
switching systems must adhere.
 In this new call model, trigger detection points (TDPs) were added between
the PICs.
 SSPs check TDPs to see if there are any active triggers.

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There are three types of triggers:
subscribed or line-based triggers,
group-based triggers, and
office-based triggers.
Subscribed triggers are provisioned to the customer's line so that any
calls originating from or terminating to that line would encounter the
trigger.
Group-based triggers are assigned to groups of subscribers—e.g.,
business or Centrex groups. Any member of a software-defined
group will encounter the trigger.
Office-based triggers are available to everyone who is connected to
the telephone switching office. Office-based triggers are not assigned
to individuals or groups.

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 If an active trigger is detected, normal switching system call processing is
suspended until the SSP and SCP complete communications.
 For example, in the diagram above, suppose an AIN call has progressed
through the null state or the off-hook PIC and is currently at the collecting-
information PIC.
 Normal call processing is suspended at the information-collected TDP
because of an active off-hook delayed trigger.
 Before progressing to the next (analyze information) PIC, the SSP
assembles an information-collected message and sends it to the SCP over the
SS7 network.
 After SCP service logic acts on the message, the SCP sends an analyze-route
message that tells the SSP how to handle the call before going to the next
PIC (analyze information).

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Essentially, when the SSP recognizes that a call has an associated
AIN trigger, the SSP suspends the call processing while querying the
SCP for call routing instructions.
Once the SCP provides the instruction, the SSP continues the call
model flow until completion of the call.
This is basically how a call model works, and it is an important part
of AIN.
This concept differs from the pre–AIN switching concept in which
calls were processed from origination state to the call- termination
state without call suspension.

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 AIN Release 0
 The AIN Release 0 call model has three trigger checkpoints (TCPs).
 At each TCP there is one or more triggers.
 For example, the off-hook TCP includes the off-hook immediate trigger.
 If a subscriber's line is equipped with this trigger, communications with the SCP
will occur if the switching system detects an off- hook condition.
 For an off-hook delayed trigger, one or more digits are dialed before triggering to
the SCP.
 At the digit-collection and analysis TCP, collected digits are analyzed before
triggering.
 Triggering may also occur at the routing stage of a call. This call model is shown
in Figure

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 AIN Release 0 Call Model

 When a switching system recognizes that a call requires AIN involvement,

it checks for overload conditions before communicating with the SCP.
 This process is called code gapping.
 Some calls may receive final treatment.
 For others, a provider- instruction message is sent to the SCP.
 Depending on the SCP service logic, it will respond to the switching
system with any of the call-processing instructions shown in the Figure

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 AIN Release 0 Functions

 AIN Release 0 provided 75 announcements at the switching system.

 Release 0 was based on American National Standards Industry (ANSI)
Transaction Capability Application Part (TCAP) issue 1.
 TCAP is at layer 7 of the SS7 protocol stack.
 This means that there is only one message sent from the SSP to the SCP; no
matter what trigger is hit at any of the three TCPs.
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AIN Service Creation
 This section will discuss various aspects of service creation
 The tool that builds the representation of the call flow for each individual
customer.
 Many AIN software vendors have paired service creation software with
state-of-the-art computer graphics software to eliminate the need for
traditional programming methods.
 Through the use of menu-driven software, services are created by inputting
various service parameters
Building-Block Approach
 Figure provides an example of a building-block approach to creating AIN
services.
 Play announcement, collect digits, call routing, and number translation
building blocks are shown here.
 The SSP has the ability to play announcement and collect digits, as does the
IP.
 Routing the call is an SSP function, and number translation is an SCP
capability.
 By arranging these four capabilities or building blocks in various
combinations, services such as 800 service with interactive dialing, outgoing
call screening, and area number calling
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 Service Creation Template
 Figure represents what a service creation template might look like. For an
outgoing call screening service, the service begins with the customer's
telephone number.
 This example allows the customer to screen 900 numbers, while still
having the ability to override 900 screening by entering a PIN. Except for
703-974-1234, all non-900 calls are processed without screening

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 Other AIN Services
 The following list describes the services that companies have developed using
AIN/IN technology.
 Some services are tariff deployed in the network, and generate revenues.
 Others are in market or technical trials, getting ready for deployment.
 There are other services that are either planned for deployment or were
developed for demonstration purposes
N11 access service
 With this service, a unique code is used to access a service gateway to
information service providers (ISPs), such as newspapers or libraries.
 The subscriber may either preselect an ISP for automatic routing or request
block calls to ISPs.
Basic routing
 Basic routing function allows the subscriber to route calls to a single
destination as defined in the system.
Single number service
 Routing by single number service allows calls to have different call
treatments based on the originating geographic area and the calling party
identification.
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Routing by day of week
 The routing by day-of-week function allows the service subscriber to apply
variable call routings based on the day of the week that the call is placed.
Routing by time of day
 The routing by time-of-day function allows service subscribers to apply
variable call routings based on the time of the day that the call is made.
Selective routing
 This service is tied to the call-forwarding feature generally offered as a
switch-based feature.
 With the AIN, when a call to a selective routing customer is forwarded, the
SCP determines where to route the forwarded call based on the caller's
number.
Call allocator
 The call allocator service feature allows the service subscriber to specify the
percentage of calls to be distributed randomly up to five alternate call
handling treatments.

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Alternate destination on busy (ADOB)
 The ADOB service feature allows the service subscriber to specify a
sequence of destinations to which calls will be routed if the first destination
is busy.
Command routing
 A service subscriber predefines a set of alternate call treatments to handle
traffic in cases of emergency, unanticipated or anticipated demand peaks,
or for any other reason that warrants an alternate call treatment.
Call gate
 This is a versatile out-going call screening service.
 Call gate supports a personal identification number (PIN) and screening
based on time of day and day of week.
Personal access
 Personal access is a type of "follow me" service. A virtual telephone
number is assigned to the personal access service subscriber.
 When a caller dials this number, the software determines how to route the
call.

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Calling party pays
 Calling party pays is a service offered to cellular customers. It notifies the calling
party that they are trying to reach a cellular number.
 If they choose to complete the call, they will incur the connect charge of the
called party.
 If they elect not to incur the cost, the call may either be terminated or routed to
called party's voice mail.

Remote access to call forwarding (Ultra forward)

 The Ultra forward service allows remote access to call forwarding.
 Callers may, from any location in the world, call in remotely and activate and/or
change their call forwarding number.

Portable number service (PNS)

 PNS features enhanced call forwarding for large business subscribers.
 It provides subscribers with the ability to maintain a personal itinerary which
includes time-of-day, day-of-week (TOD/DOW) schedules, call searching
schedules, and call routing information.
 PNS subscribers also have the ability to override their schedules with default
routing instructions.
 This service is intended for companies with employees who are in highly mobile
environments requiring immediate availability.
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Enhanced 800 service (Freephone)
 A customer's call to an 800- service subscriber can be routed to different
destinations, instances of routing include the geographic location of the
caller, the time and day the call is made, and the caller responses to
prompts.
 The subscriber sets alternate routing parameters for the call if the
destination is busy or unavailable, thereby redirecting and allowing for
completion of the call.

Mass calling service (MCS)

 MCS is a polling and information service that permits simultaneous calling
by a large number of callers to one or more telephone numbers.
 MCS provides a variety of announcement-related services that connect a
large number of callers (who dial an advertised number) to recorded
announcement devices.
 Two types of offerings are mass announcements, such as time and weather,
and televoting, which allows callers to register their opinions on a topic of
general interest.

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Automatic route selection/least cost routing
 With this service, subscribers design a priority route for every telephone number
dialed. The system either directs calls or blocks calls to restricted privilege users.
Work-at-home
 This service allows an individual to be reached at home by dialing an office number,
as well as allowing the employee to dial an access code from home, make long-
distance calls, and have them billed and tracked to a business telephone number.
Inmate service
 This service routes prisoners' calls, tracks the call information, and offers call
control features such as prompts for personal identification numbers, blocking
certain called numbers and time or day restrictions.
Holding room
 Transportation companies' passengers use this service to inform families or business
associates of transportation delays or cancellations.
Call prompter
 The call prompter service feature allows a service subscriber to provide an
announcement that requests the caller to enter a digit or series of digits via a dual
tone multi frequency (DTMF) telephone. These digits provide information that are
used to direct routing or as a security check during call processing.

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Call counter
 The call counter service feature increases a counter in the televoting (TV)
counting application when a call is made to a TV number.
 The counts are managed in the SCP, which can accumulate and send the
results during a specific time period.
500 access service
 This routing service allows personal Communications service (PCS) providers
the ability to route calls to subscribers who use a virtual 500 number.
PBX extend service
 This service provides a simple way for users to gain access to the Internet
network.
Advertising effectiveness service
 This service collects information on incoming calls (for example, ANI, time,
and date).
 This information is useful to advertisers to determine the demographics of
their customers.
Virtual foreign exchange service
 Uses the public switched network to provide the same service as wired foreign
exchange service.

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Automated customer name and address (ACNA)
 ACNA enables customers to block their lines from being accessed by the service
AIN for the case teams (ACT)
 ACT allows technicians to dial from a customer premise location anywhere in the
service region and connect to a service representative supported by an ACD.
 Through voice prompts, the technician is guided to the specific representative
within a case team pool within seconds, with no toll charges to the customer.
Regional intercept
 Regional intercept instructs callers of new telephone numbers and locations of
regional customers.
 This service also forwards calls to the new telephone number of the subscriber.
Various levels of the service can be offered, based upon the customer's selection.
Work-at-home billing
 A person who is working at home dials a 4- digit feature access code, which
prompts the system to track and record the billing information for the calls.
 Calls tracked in this manner are billed directly to the company rather than to the
individual.

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Inbound call restriction
 This service allows a customer to restrict certain calls from coming into the
subscriber's location.
 This service is flexible enough to restrict calls either by area code, NNX, or
particular telephone numbers.
 Restrictions may even be specified by day of week or time of day.
Outbound call restriction
 This service allows a customer to restricts certain calls from being completed
from the subscriber's location.
 This service is flexible enough to restrict calls by either area code, NNX, or
particular telephone numbers.
 Restrictions may even be specific to day of week or time of day.
Flexible hot line
 This service allows a customer to pick up a telephone handset and
automatically connect to a merchant without dialing any digits.
 An example of this is a rent-a-car phone in an airport, which allows a
customer to notify the rent-a-car company to pick them up at the terminal.

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 Mobile in CAMEL overview

 CAMEL: customized applications for mobile network

enhanced logic
 Is an application to easily extend the services offered within
GSM and UMTS network
 Provides mechanisms to support operator specific services,
which are not covered by standardized GSM and UMTS
services
 The services can even be supported when customers are
roaming outside of their home network
 Previously, to introduce new services within the network, it
was necessary to update the software in BTS and MSC
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 Mobile in CAMEL overview

 With CAMEL, local exchanges are instructed to refer

unknown services to a central computer
 If all exchanges are involved with CAMEL, the software for
new services only needs to be provided on this central
CAMEL computer
 However, the software at the terminal must also recognize the
new services and make them available to the user
 Before, CAMEL, the GSM networks used INAP (IN
application part) for injecting intelligence in GSM and UMTS
networks
 CAMEL solved the mobility management problem that INAP
faces and provided with much more functionality
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 Mobile in CAMEL overview

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 GSM releases and CAMEL phases

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 CAMEL standards and specification

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 CAMEL protocols

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 Mobile to mobile call

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 CAMEL working

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 Service features in CAMEL phase 1

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 Service features in CAMEL phase 2

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 Service features in CAMEL phase 3

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 Service features in CAMEL phase 3

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 Service features in CAMEL phase 4

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 Service features in CAMEL phase 4

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 Service features in CAMEL phase 4

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