A project based Report on

Anti Sleep Alarm for Drivers

By
Taniket Waghia - 17
Dineshchandra Joshi - 07
Atithi Zimber - 18
Sapna Dutta - 04

Under the Guidance of

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Natasha Naik
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We have immense pleasure in successfully completing the work titled: “Anti Sleep Alarm
for Drivers”. The special environment at Atharva College of Engineering that always
supports educational activities, facilitates our work on this presentation.

We greatly appreciate the motivation and understanding extended for the presentation by
Prof. Natasha Naik, for responding promptly and enthusiastically to our request for
expertise, despite their congested schedules. We are thankful to all of them, who did their
best to bring improvements through their suggestions.

We thank our Dearest Parents, who encouraged us to extend our reach. With their help
and support, we have been able to complete this work.

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 ABSTRACT

With the predictions of World Health Organization(WHO) that the number of deaths due
to traffic accidents will be around 2 million within less than 15 years, researchers
nowadays are paying more attention to how to help in preventing traffic accidents and
lower the number of occurred fatalities. The purpose of this study is an attempt to prevent
traffic accidents due to fatigue or sleepiness. In this report, a portable and low cost device
for prevention of accidents that happen because of sleepiness or fatigue. The proposed
system consists of two main parts that detect eye blinking based on IR sensors mounted on
eyewear. Depending on the reflected and absorbed IR radiation, this system detects and
classifies the eye blinking into normal blinking(NB).

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 CONTENTS

Acknowledgment (I)

Abstract (II)

Introduction (1)

Circuit Diagram (2)

Components (3)

Working (6)

Advantage (7)

Applications (8)

Conclusion (9)

Reference (10)
 INTRODUCTION

Everyone knows about the alarms that abruptly wake us from our slumbers each morning,
but have you heard of alarms that can keep us awake while we’re driving? Road traffic
injuries and deaths have a terrible impact on individuals, communities and countries.
Drowsy driving is defined as operation of a motor vehicle while being cognitively impaired
by lack of sleep. According to the National Sleep Foundation, some of the drowsy driving
signs are:difficulty focusing, yawning repeatedly or rubbing eyes and trouble keeping head
up. In recent years, driver drowsiness has been one of the major causes of road accidents
and can lead to severe physical injuries, deaths and economic losses. Annually and
worldwide, over 1.3 million people die each year on the road and 20-50 million people
suffer non-fatal injuries due to road accidents. According to National Sleep Foundation
surveys,half of American adults consistently report that they have driven drowsy and 20%
admit that they have actually fallen asleep at the wheel in the previous year. These
statistics suggest that driver drowsiness is one of the most dominant causes for car
accidents, injuries, deaths and economic losses. Hence, developing a system for monitoring
drivers’ drowsiness and alerting the driver when he/she is not paying enough attention to
the road is a fundamental way to prevent accidents to prevent traffic accidents caused by
sleepy drivers,many systems have been proposed. In this report we will study that with
the help of a few components we have made an anti sleep alarm. Here we use components
like relay, piezo buzzer, battery, etc. When he/she falls asleep while driving then due to
the piezo buzzer it will alert and the driver will wake up.

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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 COMPONENTS

Relay
Relays are electrically operated switches that open and close the circuits by receiving
electrical signals from outside sources. The relays embedded in electrical products work in
a similar way; they receive an electrical signal and send the signal to other equipment by
turning the switch on and off.

Piezo Buzzer
In simplest terms, a piezo buzzer is a type of electronic device that’s used to
produce a tone, alarm or sound. It’s lightweight with a simple construction, and it’s
typically a low-cost product.

Battery 9V
A container consisting of one or more cells, in which chemical energy is converted into
electricity and used as a source of power.

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 Motor
A machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy by means of the forces
exerted on a current-carrying coil placed in a magnetic field.

Arduino Uno
Arduino/Genuino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14
digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16
MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button.
It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a
computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.

SPST Switch
An SPST switch embraces a basic "ON/OFF" control of a single circuit and consists of
two terminals that serve as electrical connection points.

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 IR Sensor
An infrared sensor is an electronic device that emits in order to sense some aspects of the
surroundings. An IR sensor can measure the heat of an object as well as detect the
motion.

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 WORKING

To start the circuit we first click the ‘ON’ button on the SPST switch. Then the electrical
supply will pass and the motor will start working because there was a loop of 9V battery.
The relay will remain closed and the circuit will open. Through an IR sensor we will
detect the output. Output we will get with the help of Arduino UNO. While driving if the
eye will close for 5 sec then the buzzer will detect. After buzzing for 2 sec then also the
eye will close so the relay will open and the circuit will close. That means the car will stop.

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 ADVANTAGES

While driving he/she has yawning repeatedly or rubbing eyes and trouble to keep head up.
At that time the anti sleep alarm with the help of a piezo buzzer, alerts the driver and
stops the car. Due to this it prevents accidents, injuries, deaths or economical losses.

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 APPLICATIONS

● Anti sleep alarm helps to awake a driver while driving and avoid accidents.
● Piezo buzzers are regularly used in alarms, warning devices and automobile alerts.
● Infrared sensors are mainly used in radiation and spectrum measurement, search
and track systems, and thermal imaging systems.

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 CONCLUSION

In this project a complete driver alert system was implemented. The system is operated by
a 9V DC battery. The device is small in size, has a low weight and it is user-friendly and
reliable. The device detects the driver's prolonged eye blinking. Consequently, it alarma
the driver and woke her/him up and stopped the car. The performance of the system can
be enhanced by a smaller IR sensor with lower heating effect. This research achieves good
results for the detection and analysis of prolonged eye blinking and may become a
universal technique for human life saving in the future.

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 REFERENCE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvXQ-GPyfc4&list=LL&index=6

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