Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences

National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal

1. Find the Differential equation with the following solution y = aex + be−x + ccosx + dsinx
where a,b,c,d are parameters (Ans:y iv − y = 0)
A d2 v 2
2. Show that v = B + is a solution of 2 + = 0.
r dr r
3. Show that
(a) sinx, sin2x, sin3x are Linearly Independent on [0,2π]
(b) ex , sinx, cosx are Linearly Independent on [0,2π]
(c) sinx, sin(x + π/8), sin(x − π/8), (−∞, ∞) are Linear Dependent.
(d) 1, x, x2 , ...xn , (−∞, ∞) are Linearly Independent
4. Are the given functions linearly independent or dependent on the positive x-axis?
(a) 1, ex , e−x (Ans:Linearly Independent)
(b) lnx, lxx2 , (lnx)2 (Ans:Linearly dependent)
(c) x2 , x|x|, x (Ans: If x¿0,Linearly Dependent)
(d) sinx, sin2x, cosx (Ans:Linearly Independent)
(e) sinx, sin 12 x (Ans:Linearly Independent)
(f) cos2 x, sin2 x, 2π (Ans:linearly Dependent)
5. Solve the Differential Equation
′′′ ′′ ′
(a) y + 6y + 11y + 6y = 0(Ans : y = c1 e−x + c2 e−2x + ce−3x )
′′′ ′′ ′
(b) y iv + 2y − 3y − 4y + 4y = 0 (Ans: (c1 + c2 x)e−x + (c3 + c4 x)e−2x )
′′′ √ √
(c) y − 8y = 0(Ans : c1 e2x + e−x (c2 cos(x 3) + c3 sin(x 3))
′′ ′
(d) (y − 2y + 5y)2 = 0 (Ans:ex ((c1 + c2 x)cos2x + (c3 + c4 x)sin2x)
′′′ ′′ √ ′ √ √
(e) y + y (2 3 − 1) + y (3 − 2 3) − 3y = 0 (Ans: y = c1 ex + (c2 + c3 x)e−x 3 )
′′′ ′′
(f) y v − 13y + 26y 82y ′ + 104y = 0 (Ans: y = c1 e−4x + e−x (c2 cosx + c3 sinx) +
e3x (c4 cos2x + c5 sin2x)
′′′ ′′ ′ ′ ′′
(g) y + 3.2y + 4.81y = 0.y(0) = 3.4, y (0) = −4.6, y (0) = 9.91 (Ans: y = 2.4 +
e−1.6x (cos1.5x − 2sin1.5x))

1
 ′′ ′ ′′ ′′′
(h) y iv − 9y − 400y = 0, y(0) = 0, y (0) = 0, y (0) = 41, y (0) = 0 (Ans:y = cosh5x −
cos4x)
6. Using Unedetrmined Co-efficient, Solve
′′′ ′′ x
(a) y + 3y + 2y ′ = x2 + 4x + 8 (Ans: y = c1 + c2 e−x + c3 e−2x + (33 + 3x + 2x2 ))
12
′′′ 2
(b) y + y ′ = 2x2 + 4sinx (Ans:y = c1 + c2 cosx + c3 sinx − 4x + x3 − 2xsinx)
3
′′′ ′ x
(c) y − 7y − 6y = e−2x (Ans: c1 e−x + c2 e3x + c3 e−2x + e−2x )
5
′′′ ′′ ′
(d) y − y − 4y = 4y = 2x2 − 4x − 1 + 2x2 ex + 5xe2x + e2x (Ans: y = c1 ex + c2 e2x +
1 1
c3 e−2x + x2 + x3 e2x
2 6
x3
(e) y ′′′ − 3y ′′ + 2y ′ = x2 ex (Ans:y + c1 + c2 ex + c3 e2x − 2xex − ex )
3
′′′ ′′ ′ 9
(f) y − 3y + 2y = 3xex + 5x3 (Ans:y = c1 + c2 ex + c3 e2x − ( )xe2x + (5x4 + 30x3 +
4
105x2 + 225x)/8
′′′ ′′ ′ ′′
(g) y + y = cos2x, y(0) = 1, y (0) = 2, y (0) = 3. (Ans:y = −3.6 + 4.7x + 2.6e−x −
0.1cos2x − 0.05sin2x)
′′′ ′′ ′ ′ ′′
(h) y − 9y + 27y − 27y = 54sin3x, y(0) = 3.5, y (0) = 13.5, y (0) = 38.5 (Ans: y =
(4 − x2 )e3x − 0.5cos3x + 0.5sin3x)
7. Solve the following equations by the Method of varaition of parameter
′′′ ′′
(a) y +4y = 4cotx (Ans:y = c1 +c2 cos2x+c3 sin2x+( 12 )log(sin2x)− 21 +( 12 )cos2xlog(tanx))
′′′ ′′ ′
(b) x3 y +x2 y −2xy +2y = xlogx (Ans:y = c1 x+c2 x−1 +c3 x2 −( x4 )((logx)2 +logx)−( 3x
8 ))
′′ ′
(c) y + 2y + 2y = 4e−x sec3 x (Ans:y = e−x (c1 cosx + c −2 sinx + 2sinxtanx))
′′′ ′′ ′
(d) y − 6y − 11y − 6y = e2x (Ans: y = c1 ex + c2 e2x + c3 e3x − xe2x )
′′′ ′
(e) y + y = secx (Ans: c1 + c2 cosx + c3 sinx + log(secx + tanx) − xcosx + sinxlog(cosx))
′′′ ′
(f) y +y = cosecx (Ans: c1 +c2 cosx+c3 sinx+log(cosecx+cotx)−xsinx−cosxlog(sinx))
′′ ′ x x)+(ex xlnx)
ex
(g) y − 2y = 4x (Ans: y = c1 ex + c2 xex + ( (−e 4 ))
′′′ ′′ −3 −3
(h) x3 y − 4x2 y + 8xy ′ + 8y = 6x3 (x2 + 1) 2 (Ans:y = c1 x + c2 x2 + c3 x4 − 2x(x2 + 1)( 2
)
)
′′′ ′′ ′ ′′
(i) x3 y − x2 y − 7xy ′ + 16y = 9xlnx, y(1) = 6, y (1) = 18, y (10 = 65) (Ans:y =
x−2 − x2 + 5x4 + x(lnx + 1))
′′′ ′′ ′ ′ ′′
(j) y + 4y + 85y = 135ex , y(0) = 10.4, y (0) = −18.1, y (0) = −691.6 (Ans:3 +
9e−2x cos9x − (1.6 − 1.5x)ex ))