Demonstration For AST in Teaching Science

Republic of the Philippines
North Eastern Mindanao State University

Rosario, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur 8300
Telefax No. 086-214-4221
Website: www.sdssu.edu
___________________________________________________________________________
Name: RICO SERATO FERNANDEZ

Semester: Mid-Year/Summer
Subject: Approaches, Techniques and Strategies in Science Teaching
Subject Matter: Charles Law (A Temperature-Volume Relationship)
Objectives:
1. State Charles’s law in words and as a mathematical equation;
2. Explain the relationship between the volume and temperature;
3. Appreciate the importance of the discovery of Charles law;
4. Know how to use this law in problem-solving situations to which it
applies.
5. Solve a problem about the Charles Law; and
6. Cite example of Charles Law that can seen or observed in the
surroundings.
Materials:
Contents:
Jacques Charles in full Jacques-Alexandre-César
Charles (November 12, 1746 – April 7, 1823) was a French
inventor, scientist, mathematician, and balloonist. In his
experiment, Jacques Charles trapped a sample of gas in a cylinder
with a movable piston in water bath at different temperatures.
Jacques Charles found out that different gases decreased their
volume by factors 1/273 per degree Celsius of cooling. With this rate
of reduction, if gas will be cooled up to -273 degree Celsius, it will
have zero volume!
– The relationship between the temperature and the volume of
a gas at constant pressure.
– This law was discovered in 1787, more than 100 years after the discovery of Boyle’s law.
– Charles’s law states that the volume of a fixed amount of gas is directly
proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the pressure is kept constant.
– Whenever a direct proportion exists between two quantities, one increases when the
other increases and one decreases when the other decreases. The direct proportion
relationship of Charles’s law means that if the temperature increases, the volume will
also increase and that if the temperature decreases, the volume will also decrease.
– A balloon filled with air illustrates Charles’s law. If the balloon is placed near a heat
source, such as a light bulb that has been on for some time, the heat will cause the
balloon to increase visibly in size (volume). Putting the same balloon in the refrigerator
will cause it to shrink.
– Charles’s law is consistent with kinetic molecular theory. When the temperature of a
gas increases, the kinetic energy (velocity) of the gas molecules increases. The speedier
particles hit the container walls harder. In order for the pressure of the gas to remain
constant, the container volume must increase. This will result in fewer particles hitting a
unit area of wall at a given instant. A similar argument applies when the temperature of a
gas is lowered. This time the velocity of the molecules decreases, and the wall area
(volume) must also decrease in order to increase the number of collisions in a given
area in a given time.
– Charles’s law, stated mathematically, is
V@T= at constant P
Where V1 = Volume
T1 = Temperature expressed in Kelvin
– Removing the proportionality symbol (@) and using the equality sign (=) the equation will
be as follows:
V= k T or k=V/T
Thus, in a direct proportion, the quotient of the variable is constant.
– If you are going to consider the initial and final conditions, you will arrive at the following
equation:
V1/T1=k and V2/T2=k
– Whereas: V1 is the initial volume and V2 is the final volume
T1 is the initial temperature and T2 is the final temperature

If the volume-temperature ratios are the same in the initial and final conditions, then we
will arrive at this equation:
V1/T1=V2/T2
– Charles’s law, stated mathematically, is
V/T= k or V1/T1 = V2/T2

Where V1 is the volume of a gas at a given pressure, T 1 is the Kelvin temperature of the gas,
and V2 and T2 are the volume and Kelvin temperature of the gas under a new set of conditions,
with the pressure remaining constant.
Example no.1
Note that both of the given temperature has been converted to Kelvin scale
readings. This change is accomplished by simply adding 273 to the Celsius
scale value. Three of the four variables in the Charles law equation are known,
so the fourth variable V2, can be calculated. The Charles law equation is
algebraically rearranged to isolate V2 (the quantity desired)
by V1 = V 2 multiplying each side of the equation by T2.
T1 T2
(Charles law)
V1T2=V2T1
V1T2=V2T1 (Divide both side by T1 to isolate the V2)

T 1 T1
V2 = V1T2
T1
Substitute all the given data into the equation and doing arithmetic give
V2 = 425ml (293K)
300K
V2 = 124,525 ml
300
V2 = 415 ml
Example no. 2
A sample of Argon initially has a volume of 3.50 L at 150C. What is the
new temperature (in 0C) when the volume of the sample is change to
1.25L? Assume constant pressure.
Given:
V1= 3.50L T1= 150C + 273= 288K
V2= 1.25L T2= ?
V1 = V 2
T1 T2
Charles law T2 = 1.25L (288K)
3.50L
V1T2=V2T1
T2 = 360K
3.50
V1T2=V2T1
V1 V 1 T2 = 103K – 273 = -1700C
T2 = V2T1
V1
Motivation: The teacher will show a picture and the students will going to
guess it.
Possible Questions:
 What is the relationship of the Volume and Temperature?
 What is the mathematical equation of Charles law?

Application:
https://www.lorecentral.org/2018/09/3-example-of-charles-law-
problems.html

Demonstration For AST in Teaching Science

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Republic of the Philippines

North Eastern Mindanao State University

Name: RICO SERATO FERNANDEZ

T1 is the initial temperature and T2 is the final temperature

V/T= k or V1/T1 = V2/T2

V1T2=V2T1 (Divide both side by T1 to isolate the V2)

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