Files and Folder

Management Using
Windows 10
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 COVERAGE
• An Overview of common input devices
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Windows 10
• Desktop
• Start Menu
• Working with programs
• Windows Settings
• Files and Folders Management
Common Input Devices: Keyboard
• A keyboard enables you to enter typed data i.e. letters,
numbers, and symbols.
• A keyboard can be a separate device that plugs into the
system unit (as with a desktop PC) or a built-in keyboard
(as with a notebook PC).
• There are many sizes and types of keyboards, but most
English-language keyboards use the same key
arrangement, called QWERTY.
• The name comes from the first six letter keys on the top
row, from left to right.
 Common Input Devices: Keyboard
Function Keys Keyboard Indicators

Cursor Keys Numeric Keypad

Common Input Devices: Keyboard
• Keyboard keys have numbers, letters, symbols and
special keys such as;
• Function Keys: From F1 to F12 they perform special
actions when pressed. This depends on the OS or
application software used.
• Toggle Keys: This includes Caps Lock, Num Lock, that
turns a feature on or off.
• Modifier Keys: Change the meaning of other keys when
pressed in combination with them. Includes shift key,
CTRL and ALT keys. This can also be used as shortcuts.
• Position/Cursor movement keys: Includes Home, End,
Page Up, Page Down as well as arrow keys.
 Common Input Devices: Mouse
• Mouse is the most common pointing device.
• Mouse can be mechanical or optical. It can also be
wired or wireless one.
• A mechanical mouse has a chamber on its
underside with a rubber ball in it. As you roll the
mouse across a flat surface, the ball turns,
activating sensors inside the chamber that translate
the ball’s movement to onscreen pointer activity.
• An optical mouse has a light-emitting diode (LED)
and a sensor on its underside,
 Common Input Devices: Mouse
• A normal mouse has three buttons which are;
• Right Button
• Scroll (Middle) Button
• Left Button
• Right button is used for accessing shortcuts and
other options that can be done on a file.
• Middle button is used for scrolling up or down
when selecting or browsing a page.
• Left button is used for pointing, dragging and
pressing the choice in a program.
 Image of a computer mouse

Left Button Right Button

Scroll Button
 Mouse Actions
Action Descriptions
Move the mouse until the pointer is positioned on the item
Point
of choice.
Press and release the primary mouse button, which usually
Click
is the left mouse button.
Press and release the secondary mouse button, which
Right-click
usually is the right mouse button.
Quickly press and release the primary mouse button twice
Double-click
without moving the mouse.
Point to an item, hold down the primary mouse button,
Drag move the item to the desired location on the screen, and
then release the mouse button.
Scroll Rotating the middle button back and forth
WINDOWS 10
 An Overview of Windows 10 OS
• Windows 10 is the latest Microsoft Operating
System.
• Is replacing Windows 7 in many organizations
• Much more friendly than Windows 8
• More Secure compared to other versions
• Runs better (uses fewer resources)
 Windows 10 Desktop Screen

Start Menu Search Box Quick Launch Taskbar Notification Area

 Windows 10 Desktop Screen
• Notification Area: Sometimes known as system tray. It
contains miniature icons for easy access to system functions
such as antivirus settings, printer, modem, sound volume,
battery status, network status and more.
• Search Box: Allows you to execute searches on the Internet,
in addition to searching in Windows. After typing in
your search text, pressing Enter immediately opens the
highlighted file or program in the search results.
• Start Menu is the primary location in Windows to locate
your installed programs and find any files or folders.
• Quick Launch is a section of the Microsoft
Windows taskbar that enables a user the launch programs
without having to locate them using the Start menu. The Quick
Launch area is located next to the Start button.
• The taskbar is an element of an operating system located at
the bottom of the screen. It allows you to locate and launch
programs through the Start menu, or view any program that's
currently open.
• Desktop background also known as wallpaper is
an image displayed behind the graphical user
interface(GUI) when the user's desktop is visible. It's the
picture, color, or pattern you see on the main OS screen after
your computer has booted up.
 Start Menu
• To display start menu
• Click Start button on the far left of the taskbar
• Or click the Windows button from your keyboard
• The start menu will display
• Link to All Programs
• Most Used Apps
• Other installed apps in tiles format
• File explorer
• Power
Start Menu from Windows 10
 Opening a program
• To open a program in your Windows 10 computer
• Click the Start menu on the far left
• Click the All Apps button in the lower-left corner.
• Click an app you want to open it
• Double-click a program shortcut icon on the
desktop.
• You can search from the Search button the program
will appear and the click it to open.
Titlebar Program Window Close

Minimize
Menubar Maximize/Restore

Vertical scroll
Horizontal scroll
 Program Window
• A windows is a section of the computer's display in
a GUI that shows the program currently being used.
• The window has the following window elements.
• Titlebar: This displays the title, close, minimize and
maximize or restore buttons.
• Menubar: This shows the commands in text format
• Scoll button: This enables the users to scoll up or down,
left or right.
• Resize corner: Enables to resize the windows screen.
 Resizing & Closing Programs
• Maximize allows the user to enlarge a window, usually
making it fill the entire screen or the program window
where it is contained.
• Minimize is an action in GUI operating systems to hide
a window, but keep the program running in the background.
The minimized program will be seen from the taskbar.
• Resize: The act of changing the dimensions of an object in a
graphical environment.
• Close is the action performed to terminate a program or exit
a file. If a file has changed since it was opened and is closed
without saving those changes are lost.
 PC Shutdown, Restart & Sleep

• To shutdown, restart or put PC in sleep mode

• Click on Start menu and select Power
• Select the option you want Sleep, Shut down or Restart
 Windows Settings
• In Microsoft Windows, the Settings app is a part of
the operating system first introduced in Windows 8,
and included in Windows 10.
• It's the central location to customize, configure,
and update your operating system, and is intended
to replace the Control Panel.
• Settings for the mouse, display, sound, network,
and keyboard represent a few examples of what
may be modified in the Control Panel.
• To access Windows Settings, click Start then
Settings.
Windows Settings
An Overview of Windows Settings
• Systems: It’s the place you’ll find the most basic settings to
customize your computer, including display, notifications,
apps, and power options.
• Devices: It’s the place to manage all your connected
devices, including printers, Bluetooth, mice, and keyboards.
• Network & Internet: is the place designed specifically to
configure and change networking features on your
computer.
• Personalization: is where you can change your desktop
wallpaper, the accent color that appears throughout
Windows 10 and the look and feel of your Start menu.
An Overview of Windows Settings
• Accounts: Is the tab that allows you to change user account
of your computer, change password, and personal details.
• Time & Languages: This is where you go to change the time
and date, add languages (read: keyboards) to your PC, and
adjust the speech settings.
• Easy of Access: In this tab you will find high-contrast theme,
voice narration or closed captions settings.
• Privacy: is where you'll find most of your device's basic
privacy settings, such as location settings and whether to
send diagnostic information to Microsoft.
• Updates & Security: is where you'll find (almost) everything
you need to manage your Windows 10 updates.
Files and Folders
Management
 Files and Folders Management
• A file is a collection of data stored in one unit,
identified by a filename.
• A file is an object on a computer that stores data,
information, settings, or commands used with a
computer program.
• Every file has extension that defines the application
software that can open it.
• The format of a file is filename.extension such as
Word.exe, Planning.pdf, Sakarya.docx etc.
 Files
• When you use an application to do work - e.g.,
write a paper, make a spreadsheet, or draw a
picture, the work is stored in RAM (memory) first
• It is in danger of being lost if the power goes off
(RAM is volatile!)
• When you save it, it is copied to a secondary
storage device like the hard drive or a flash drive
• It is saved as a FILE with a name, extension, time,
date, size
 File Names and Extensions
• You must adhere to file-naming conventions when saving
files
• Case sensitivity – upper and lower case are different
• True in Linux and Unix variations, not in Windows
• Maximum length (Windows 260 characters)
• Spaces allowed
• Digits allowed
• \ / : * ? " < > | not allowed
• File names not allowed (con, nul, prn)
• File extensions provide clues to the file contents
• OS uses extensions to know which application
created the file and the internal format of the file
Common Files and their extensions
File Types Extenstions
Pictures files .jpg, .gif, .bmp, .png, .tiff
Music/Audio files .mp3, .wav, .midi, .wma
Windows System related files .dll, .exe, .ico, .msi, .sys, .tmp
Word Processing documents .doc, .docx. .rtf, .txt
Presentation files .odp, .ppt, .pptx, .pps
Spreadsheets files .xls, .xlsx, .csv
Web pages .html, .htm, .asp, .php
Compressed files .zip, .pkg, .rar, .tar.gz, .7z
Video files .flv, .avi. .mp4, .mkv, .mpeg
 Folders
• Folder is a virtual storage container on a computer
where files or programs can be stored.
• A folder can contain one or more files of
any type and can even store other folders.
• A computer folder is sometimes called directory.
• A file manager or file browser is a computer
program that provides a user interface to
manage files and folders.
• In Windows computer is called File Explorer or
Windows Explorer depends on version of the
Microsoft Operating System.
 Understanding the Need for
Organizing Files and Folders

• Windows organizes folders and files in a hierarchy, or

file system
• Windows stores the folders and important files it
needs to turn on the computer in its root directory
• Folders stored within other folders are called
subfolders

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 File Systems – Drives

• Every computer has a file system used to keep

track of the files on that machine
• File systems are based on physical storage
devices, known as drives
• Drives can be local or remote (network or
cloud)
• Click on “My Computer” to see a list of drives
(on a Windows machine)
 File Systems – Drives
• Typical Drives
• A: or B: à Floppy Disk
• C: à Local Hard Drive
• D: à CD Drive
• E-Z for removable drives like memory sticks
• About any letter can be used for a partition of a device
• WATCH OUT for the D drive on lab machines! It is
another hard drive that is not erased when you log out!
Do not leave your work on there!
 File Systems – Partitions
• Note that a “partition” is not a physical device,
although it looks like one to the OS.
• Why have a partition? At one point Windows could
only handle devices of a certain size. If your hard drive
was larger than that size, you could not access the
entire device. Partitions fool the OS into thinking that
one device is two (or more!) devices, each with their
own letter and file system
• You will find disks partitioned even today, when some
space is used for a specific need, like a backup
Sample Disk Partition
A File System Tree (2 devices)
 File Management Metaphors
• Tree Metaphor
• Root, branches, leaves

• Filing Cabinet Metaphor

• Drawers, Folders, Files
 File Directories and Folders
• Every storage device has a directory containing a list of its
files
• Root directory (like “C:\”)
• Subdirectory
• Depicted as folders
• A computer’s file location is defined by a path
• Examples: D:\ is the root of the D drive
• Examples: C:\Notes\DFUD7104\Week 1\notes.txt
• Examples: F:\2020\Music\Audio\Platinumz\
 File Management
• The operating system provides an organizational
structure to the computer’s data and programs
• Hierarchical structure of directories:
• Drives
• Folders
• and more Folders …
• Files
• Storage metaphors help you visualize and mentally
organize the files on your disks and other storage
devices
 File Explorer
• File Explorer (also known as Windows Explorer)
helps you manipulate files and folders in the
following ways:
• Rename
• Copy
• Move
• Delete
• Windows offers a set of preconfigured
personal folders, such as My Documents and
My Music, for storing your personal data files.
You can make subdirectories in these too!
 Windows Explorer
• NOT the same as Internet Explorer! Windows
Explorer is a file manager
• Shows files in different views
• Shows files’ information: name, date modified,
type, size and others you can set (Turn menu bar
on, then View then menu choice Choose Details)
• Uses Graphical User Interface to let you move files
around, copy them, erase them
 Create Folders

• Right-click a blank area in the folder window,

• Point to New, and then click Folder
• Type a name for the folder, and then press the Enter
key

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New Perspectives on Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2007
 Moving and Copying Files and
Folders
• Moving a file removes it from its current location and
places it in a new location you specify
• Copying places the file in both locations. It creates a
copy in two places. The one you copied from and the
one you are pasting to.

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New Perspectives on Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2007
 Renaming Folders and Files
• Naming and Renaming Files
• Filenames provide important information about the file,
including its contents and purpose
• Main part of the filename
• Dot
• File extension
• A filename extension identifies file type and indicates
program in which file was created

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New Perspectives on Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2007
 Deleting Folders and Files
• Deleting Files and Folders
• To delete a file or folder you right click, and choose Delete
from the menu.
• You can also select the file and click Delete from the
keyboard.
• When you delete a file or folder it is sent to the Recycle
Bin.
• Recycle Bin is an area on your hard disk that holds deleted
files until you remove them permanently

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New Perspectives on Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2007
 Working with Compressed Files
• Files stored in a compressed (zipped) folder take up less disk
space
• Allows you to transfer files more quickly
• Extracting a file creates an uncompressed copy of the file in a
folder you specify, while the original file remains in the
compressed folder
• Compression programs
• WinZip
• PKZIP
• 7zip

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New Perspectives on Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2007