Meen211101026 Aitisam Anwar

Lab Session 03

Simply Supported Beam with Point Load

Objective:
To find the deformation in a simply supported beam with a central point load application, numerically and
analytically

Problem Statement:
To calculate the maximum deflection of 1.5 m long simply supported beam which has fixed support at one
end and roller at the other end. If this beam is loaded with central point load of 5000N and Young’s modulus
of the material is 110000 N/mm2 while cross section of beam is square 50mm, do simulation on ANSYS and
compare results with hand calculations.

Input data:
A beam is drawn in with 1.5 m length and 50 mm square cross section. (Suggest the material name here, by
your own finding)

Procedure:
1. Open Static Structure Analysis form left toolbox of Analysis Systems
2. Then double click on engineering data to add a required material, i.e. mild steel.
3. Now again in work bench, open geometry in Design Modeler and draw according to given
data. Then save it and exit the modeler.
4. Now mesh the model with default mesh sizing and add named selections if required. Then
refine the mesh sizing and save the project.
5. Apply boundary conditions and then the loadings conditions as given. Then save the
project.
6. Now click on solution and select the stress, deformation, then click solve.
7. It will show the ANSYS analysis of stress and deformation in geometry window. The
minimum and maximum values will be shown on side with colors.
8. Save the images of all analysis and save the project report.
Meen211101026 Aitisam Anwar

Theoretical Background:
Simply Supported Beam:

The simply supported beam is one of the most modest structures. The configuration of a simply
supported beam is so simple having one hinge support at an end and roller support at the other end.
With this setup the beam can only rotate horizontally, any vertical moment is restrained.

Central Point Load

A central point load represents a constant load applied on the center of the span of the beam. This is
often used to model scenarios like self-weight of the beam, snow accumulation.

Deformation (Deflection):

As the beam experiences the central point load, it will deflect (bend) slightly. The amount of deflection
depend on several factors, including:
 Beam Material: The material's stiffness (Young's modulus) influences its resistance to
bending.
 Beam Geometry: The cross-sectional area and moment of inertia (I) of the beam profile
affect its bending behavior.
 Span Length (L): A longer span allows for greater deflection under the same load.
 Magnitude of UDL (w): A higher load intensity will cause more significant deflection.

Introduction to Static Structural Analysis System

A static structural analysis determines the displacements, stresses, strains, and forces in structures
o components caused by loads that do not induce significant inertia and damping effects. Stead
loading and response conditions are assumed; that is, the loads and the structure's response are
assumed to vary slowly with respect to time. A static structural load can be performed using the
ANSYS, Samcef, or ABAQUS solver. The types of loading that can be applied in a static analysi
include:
 Externally applied forces and pressures
 Steady-state inertial forces (such as gravity or rotational velocity)
 Imposed (nonzero) displacements
 Temperatures (for thermal strain) A static structural analysis can be either linear or
nonlinear.
Meen211101026 Aitisam Anwar

Basic Steps of Modeling and Analysis in Static Structural

Create Analysis System
From the Toolbox, drag a Static Structural, Static Structural (Samcef), or Static Structural
(ABAQUS) template to the Project Schematic.
Define Engineering Data
Material properties can be linear or nonlinear, isotropic or orthotropic, and constant or temperature
dependent. You must define stiffness in some form (for example, Young's modulus, hyperelastic
coefficients, and so on). For inertial loads (such as Standard Earth Gravity), you must define the
data required for mass calculations, such as density.

Attach Geometry
When 2D geometry is used, Generalized Plane Strain is not supported for the Samcef or ABAQUS
solver.

Define Connections:
Contact, joints, springs, beams, mesh connections, and end releases are all valid in a static structural
analysis. For the Samcef and ABAQUS solvers, only contacts, springs, and beams are supported.
Joints are not supported.
Apply Mesh:
Provide an adequate mesh density on contact surfaces to allow contact stresses to be distributed in
smooth fashion. Likewise, provide a mesh density adequate for resolving stresses; areas wher
stresses or strains are of interest require a relatively fine mesh compared to that needed fo
displacement or nonlinearity resolution.
Apply Loads and Supports:
For a static structural analysis applicable loads are all inertial, structural, imported, and interaction
loads, and applicable supports are all structural supports. For the Samcef and ABAQUS solvers, the
following loads and supports are not available: Hydrostatic Pressure, Bearing Load, Bolt Pretension
Joint Load, Fluid Solid Interface, Motion Loads, Compression Only Support, Elastic Support.

Loads and supports vary as a function of time even in a static analysis as explained in the Role o
Time in Tracking. In a static analysis, the load's magnitude could be a constant value or could var
with time as defined in a table or via a function.
Procedure:
 First of all, open Static Structure Analysis form left toolbox of Analysis Systems.
 Then double click on engineering data to select any material of the specimen or to change
the required properties or specifications of a material.

 Back to the work bench, open geometry and draw the framing of the specimen according to
given data.
 Now mesh the model and apply boundary conditions. Then save the project.
 Insert the analysis quantities you want to check i.e. stress, deformation, after it solve.
Meen211101026 Aitisam Anwar

 It will show the ANSYS analysis of stress and deformation in geometry window. The
minimum and maximum values will be shown on side with colors.
 Save the images of all analysis and save the project report

Analysis Calculation:
As we know, the formula for the deflection of simply supported beam with uniform distributed
load is,

Given Data
As we know, the formula for the deflection of simply supported beam with uniform
distributed load is,

𝐹𝐿
𝑌=
48𝐸𝐼

Moment of inertia will be

𝑏
𝐼=
12

50
𝐼=
12

𝐼 = 520,833.333 𝑚𝑚4

To calculate deflection,
5000 ∗ 1500
𝑌=
48 ∗ 110000 ∗ 520833.333

Y=1.636 mm
Ali Armghan Sabir Meen211101109

Material Data:
Select the Engineering Data from which material will be
selected. The properties of the selected material can be changed
according to the requirement in this section.

Project
First Saved Sunday, April 21, 2024
Last Saved Sunday, April 21, 2024
Product Version 16.0 Release
Save Project Before Solution No
Save Project After Solution No
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Contents
l Units

l Model (B4)
¡ Geometry n Solid
¡ Coordinate Systems
¡ Mesh
¡ Static Structural (B5) n Analysis Settings n Loads
n Solution (B6) n Solution Information n Results
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Object Name Geometry

State Fully Defined
Definition
C:\Users\Hammad Raza\Documents\lab 3_files\dp0\SYS-1\DM\SYS1.agdb
Source

Type DesignModeler
Length Unit Meters
Element Control Program Controlled
Display Style Body Color
Bounding Box
Length X 50. mm
Length Y 50. mm
Length Z 1500. mm
Properties
Volume 3.75e+006 mm³
Mass 29.438 kg
Scale Factor Value 1.
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Statistics
Bodies 1
Active Bodies 1
Nodes 1990976

l Material Data
¡ Structural Steel

Units
TABLE 1
Unit System Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA) Degrees rad/s Celsius
Angle Degrees
Rotational Velocity rad/s
Temperature Celsius

Model (B4)

Geometry
TABLE 2
Model (B4) > Geometry
Elements 468750
Mesh Metric None
Basic Geometry Options
Parameters Yes
Parameter Key DS
Attributes No
Named Selections No
Material Properties No
Advanced Geometry Options
Use Associativity Yes
Coordinate Systems No
Reader Mode Saves Updated File No
Use Instances Yes
Smart CAD Update No
Compare Parts On Update No
Attach File Via Temp File Yes
Temporary Directory C:\Users\Hammad Raza\AppData\Local\Temp
Analysis Type 3-D
Decompose Disjoint Geometry Yes
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Enclosure and Symmetry

Yes
Processing
TABLE 3
Model (B4) > Geometry > Parts
Object Name Solid
State Meshed
Graphics Properties
Visible Yes
Transparency 1
Definition
Suppressed No
Stiffness Behavior Flexible
Coordinate System Default Coordinate System
Reference Temperature By Environment
Material
Assignment Structural Steel
Nonlinear Effects Yes
Thermal Strain Effects Yes
Bounding Box
Length X 50. mm
Length Y 50. mm
Length Z 1500. mm
Properties
Volume 3.75e+006 mm³
Mass 29.438 kg
Centroid X -25. mm
Centroid Y -25. mm
Centroid Z 750. mm
Moment of Inertia Ip1 5.5257e+006 kg·mm²
Moment of Inertia Ip2 5.5257e+006 kg·mm²
Moment of Inertia Ip3 12266 kg·mm²
Statistics
Nodes 1990976
Elements 468750
Mesh Metric None

Coordinate Systems
TABLE 4
Model (B4) > Coordinate Systems > Coordinate System
Object Name Global Coordinate System
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State Fully Defined

Definition
Type Cartesian
Coordinate System ID 0.
Origin
Origin X 0. mm
Origin Y 0. mm
Origin Z 0. mm
Directional Vectors
X Axis Data [ 1. 0. 0. ]
Y Axis Data [ 0. 1. 0. ]
Z Axis Data [ 0. 0. 1. ]

Mesh
TABLE 5
Model (B4) > Mesh
Object Name Mesh
State Solved
Display
Display Style Body Color
Defaults
Physics Preference Mechanical
Relevance 0
Sizing
Use Advanced Size Function Off
Relevance Center Coarse
Element Size 2.0 mm
Initial Size Seed Active Assembly
Smoothing Medium
Transition Fast
Span Angle Center Coarse
Minimum Edge Length 50.0 mm
Inflation
Use Automatic Inflation None
Inflation Option Smooth Transition
Transition Ratio 0.272
Maximum Layers 5
Growth Rate 1.2
Inflation Algorithm Pre
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View Advanced Options No

Patch Conforming Options
Triangle Surface Mesher Program Controlled
Patch Independent Options
Topology Checking No
Advanced
Number of CPUs for Parallel Part Meshing Program Controlled
Shape Checking Standard Mechanical
Element Midside Nodes Program Controlled
Straight Sided Elements No
Number of Retries Default (4)

Extra Retries For Assembly Yes

Rigid Body Behavior Dimensionally Reduced
Mesh Morphing Disabled
Defeaturing
Pinch Tolerance Please Define
Generate Pinch on Refresh No
Automatic Mesh Based Defeaturing On
Defeaturing Tolerance Default
Statistics
Nodes 1990976
Elements 468750
Mesh Metric None

Static Structural (B5)

TABLE 6
Model (B4) > Analysis
Object Name Static Structural (B5)
State Solved
Definition
Physics Type Structural
Analysis Type Static Structural
Solver Target Mechanical APDL
Options
Environment Temperature 22. °C
Generate Input Only No
TABLE 7
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Analysis Settings
Object Name Analysis Settings
State Fully Defined
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Step Controls
Number Of Steps 1.
Current Step Number 1.
Step End Time 1. s
Auto Time Stepping Program Controlled
Solver Controls
Solver Type Program Controlled
Weak Springs Program Controlled
Solver Pivot Checking Program Controlled
Large Deflection Off
Inertia Relief Off
Restart Controls
Generate Restart Points Program Controlled
Retain Files After Full Solve No
Nonlinear Controls
Newton-Raphson Option Program Controlled
Force Convergence Program Controlled
Moment Convergence Program Controlled
Displacement Convergence Program Controlled
Rotation Convergence Program Controlled
Line Search Program Controlled
Stabilization Off
Output Controls
Stress Yes
Strain Yes

Nodal Forces No
Contact Miscellaneous No
General Miscellaneous No
Store Results At All Time Points
Analysis Data Management
Solver Files Directory C:\Users\Hammad Raza\Documents\lab 3_files\dp0\SYS-1\MECH\
Future Analysis None
Scratch Solver Files Directory
Save MAPDL db No
Delete Unneeded Files Yes
Nonlinear Solution No
Solver Units Active System
Solver Unit System nmm
TABLE 8
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Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Loads

Object Name Fixed Support Displacement Force
State Fully Defined
Scope
Scoping Method Geometry Selection
Geometry 1 Face
Definition
Type Fixed Support Displacement Force
Suppressed No
Define By Components Vector
Coordinate System Global Coordinate System
X Component 0. mm (ramped)
Y Component 0. mm (ramped)
Z Component Free
Magnitude 5000. N (ramped)
Direction Defined
FIGURE 1
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Fixed Support > Figure
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FIGURE 2
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Displacement
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FIGURE 3
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Displacement > Figure
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Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Force

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FIGURE 5
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Force > Figure
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Solution (B6)
TABLE 9
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Solution
Object Name Solution (B6)
State Solved
Adaptive Mesh Refinement
Max Refinement Loops 1.
Refinement Depth 2.
Information
Status Done
Post Processing
Calculate Beam Section Results No
TABLE 10
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Solution (B6) > Solution Information
Object Name Solution Information
State Solved
Solution Information
Solution Output Solver Output
Newton-Raphson Residuals 0
Update Interval 2.5 s
Display Points All
FE Connection Visibility
Activate Visibility Yes
Display All FE Connectors
Draw Connections Attached To All Nodes
Line Color Connection Type
Visible on Results No
Line Thickness Single
Display Type Lines
TABLE 11
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Solution (B6) > Results
Object Name Total Deformation Equivalent Elastic Strain Equivalent Stress
State Solved
Scope
Scoping Method Geometry Selection
Geometry All Bodies
Definition
Type Total Deformation Equivalent Elastic Strain Equivalent (von-Mises) Stress
By Time
Display Time Last
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Calculate Time History Yes

Identifier
Suppressed No
Results
Minimum 0. mm 1.3654e-007 mm/mm 1.6805e-003 MPa
Maximum 1.603 mm 8.0624e-004 mm/mm 88.687 MPa
Information
Time 1. s
Load Step 1
Substep 1
Iteration Number 1
Integration Point Results
Display Option Averaged
Average Across Bodies No
FIGURE 6
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Solution (B6) > Total Deformation

TABLE 12
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Solution (B6) > Total Deformation
Time [s] Minimum [mm] Maximum [mm]
1. 0. 1.603
FIGURE 7
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Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Solution (B6) > Total Deformation > Figure

FIGURE 8
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Solution (B6) > Equivalent Elastic Strain
Meen211101109 Ali Armghan Sabir

TABLE 13
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Solution (B6) > Equivalent Elastic Strain
Time [s] Minimum [mm/mm] Maximum [mm/mm]
1. 1.3654e-007 8.0624e-004
FIGURE 9
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Solution (B6) > Equivalent Elastic Strain > Figure
Meen211101109 Ali Armghan Sabir

FIGURE 10
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Solution (B6) > Equivalent Stress
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TABLE 14
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Solution (B6) > Equivalent Stress
Time [s] Minimum [MPa] Maximum [MPa]
1. 1.6805e-003 88.687
FIGURE 11
Model (B4) > Static Structural (B5) > Solution (B6) > Equivalent Stress > Figure
Meen211101109 Ali Armghan Sabir

Structural Steel
TABLE 15
Structural Steel > Constants
Density 7.85e-006 kg mm^-3
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 1.2e-005 C^-1
Specific Heat 4.34e+005 mJ kg^-1 C^-1
Thermal Conductivity 6.05e-002 W mm^-1 C^-1
Resistivity 1.7e-004 ohm mm
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Tensile Yield Strength MPa

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TABLE 16 250
Structural Steel > Compressive Ultimate Strength
Compressive Ultimate Strength MPa
0
TABLE 17
Structural Steel > Compressive Yield Strength
Compressive Yield Strength MPa
250
TABLE 18
Structural Steel > Tensile Yield Strength
TABLE 19
Structural Steel > Tensile Ultimate Strength
Tensile Ultimate Strength MPa
460
TABLE 20
Structural Steel > Isotropic Secant Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Reference Temperature C
22
TABLE 21
Structural Steel > Alternating Stress Mean Stress
Alternating Stress MPa Cycles Mean Stress MPa
3999 10 0
2827 20 0
1896 50 0
1413 100 0
1069 200 0
441 2000 0
262 10000 0
214 20000 0
138 1.e+005 0
114 2.e+005 0
86.2 1.e+006 0
TABLE 22
Structural Steel > Strain-Life Parameters
Strength Strength Ductility Ductility Cyclic Strength Cyclic Strain
Coefficient MPa Exponent Coefficient Exponent Coefficient MPa Hardening Exponent
920 -0.106 0.213 -0.47 1000 0.2
TABLE 23
Structural Steel > Isotropic Elasticity
Temperature C Young's Modulus MPa Poisson's Ratio Bulk Modulus MPa Shear Modulus MPa
1.1e+005 0.3 91667 42308
TABLE 24
Structural Steel > Isotropic Relative Permeability
Relative Permeability
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10000