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    Lymphatic System

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    Madhumala Kumari
    The document discusses the components and functions of the lymphatic system. It describes how lymph capillaries unite to form larger vessels that connect to lymph nodes and ultimately deliver lymph into two main channels. It also discusses different lymphatic tissues, structures like lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen and thymus gland, and the defense and immune functions of the lymphatic system.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lymphatic System

    Uploaded by

    Madhumala Kumari
    9 views20 pages
    The document discusses the components and functions of the lymphatic system. It describes how lymph capillaries unite to form larger vessels that connect to lymph nodes and ultimately deliver lymph into two main channels. It also discusses different lymphatic tissues, structures like lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen and thymus gland, and the defense and immune functions of the lymphatic system.

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    lymphatic-system

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    The document discusses the components and functions of the lymphatic system. It describes how lymph capillaries unite to form larger vessels that connect to lymph nodes and ultimately deliver lymph into two main channels. It also discusses different lymphatic tissues, structures like lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen and thymus gland, and the defense and immune functions of the lymphatic system.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    9 views20 pages

    Lymphatic System

    Uploaded by

    Madhumala Kumari
    The document discusses the components and functions of the lymphatic system. It describes how lymph capillaries unite to form larger vessels that connect to lymph nodes and ultimately deliver lymph into two main channels. It also discusses different lymphatic tissues, structures like lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen and thymus gland, and the defense and immune functions of the lymphatic system.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 20

    Lymphatic

    System
    How it works…
    Introduction
    – Components
    • Lymph is the fluid
    • Vessels – lymphatics
    • Structures & organs
    – Functions
    • Return tissue fluid to the bloodstream
    • Transport fats from the digestive tract to the
    bloodstream
    • Surveillance & defense
    The Lymphatic System
    Lymphatics
    – Originate as lymph capillaries
    – Capillaries unite to form larger vessels
    • Resemble veins in structure
    • Connect to lymph nodes at various intervals
    – Lymphatics ultimately deliver lymph into 2 main
    channels
    • Right lymphatic duct
    – Drains right side of head & neck, right arm, right thorax
    – Empties into the right subclavian vein
    • Thoracic duct
    – Drains the rest of the body
    – Empties into the left subclavian vein
    Lymph Capillaries
    Lymphatic Vessels
    Main Channels of
    Lymphatics
    Major Lymphatic Vessels
    of the Trunk
    Lymph Tissue
    – 3 types
    • Diffuse lymphatic tissue
    – No capsule present
    – Found in connective tissue of almost all organs
    • Lymphatic nodules
    – No capsule present
    – Oval-shaped masses
    – Found singly or in clusters
    • Lymphatic organs
    – Capsule present
    – Lymph nodes, spleen, thymus gland
    Lymph Nodules
    Lymph Nodes
    – Oval structures located along lymphatics
    – Enclosed by a fibrous capsule
    – Cortex = outer portion
    • Germinal centers produce lymphocytes
    – Medulla = inner portion
    • Medullary cords
    – Lymph enters nodes through afferent
    lymphatics, flows through sinuses, exits
    through efferent lymhpatic
    Lymph Node
    Tonsils
    – Multiple groups of large lymphatic nodules
    – Location – mucous membrane of the oral and
    pharyngeal cavities
    – Palatine tonsils
    • Posterior-lateral walls of the oropharynx
    – Pharyngeal tonsil
    • Posterior wall of nasopharynx
    – Lingual tonsils
    • Base of tongue
    Tonsils
    Spleen
    – Largest lymphatic organ
    – Located between the stomach & diaphragm
    – Structure is similar to a node
    • Capsule present
    • But no afferent vessels or sinuses
    – Histology
    • Red pulp contains all the components of circulating blood
    • White pulp is similar to lymphatic nodules
    – Functions
    • Filters blood
    • Stores blood
    Spleen
    Thymus Gland
    – Location – behind the sternum in the
    mediastinum
    – The capsule divides it into 2 lobes
    – Development
    • Infant – conspicuous
    • Puberty – maximum size
    • Maturity – decreases in size
    – Function
    • Differentiation and maturation of T cells
    Thymus Gland
    Function of the Lymphatic
    System
    – Defense against harmful organisms and chemicals
    – 2 types of defense
    • Nonspecific
    • Specific
    – Specific defense = immunity
    • Humoral immunity involves B cells that become plasma cells
    which produce antibodies that bind with specific antigens.
    • Cell-mediated immunity involves T cells that directly destroy
    foreign cells
    Derivation and Distribution
    of Lymphocytes

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